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Taxonomy of the genus Chitra Biodiversity of the family Trionychidae

Bibliography of the genus
Chitra (Narrow-headed Softshell Turtles)

(Reptilia: Testudines: Trionychidae)

Note: In order to limit redundancy, relevant literature indexed in the related bibliographies in the left column may not have been included in this page. For a comprehensive search of literature, these bibliographies should therefore also be consulted.


Chitra in general

Davis, S.K. 2008. Maintaining giant Asian softshells in captivity. TSA Newsletter 2008 (August): 20-21.

Engstrom, T.N.; McCord, W.P. 2002. Molecular support for the taxonomic conclusions of McCord and Pritchard (2002), regarding Chitra. Hamadryad 27(1): 57-61.

Engstrom, T.N.; Shaffer, H.B.; McCord, W.P. 2002. Phylogenetic diversity of endangered and critically endangered southeast Asian softshell turtles (Trionychidae: Chitra). Biological Conservation 104(2): 173-179.

Iskandar, D.T. 2004. On the giant Javanese softshelled turtles (Trionychidae). Hamadryad 28(1-2): 128-130.

Khan, M.S. 2015. Status and distribution of freshwater turtles in Pakistan. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 50(4): 51-53.

Kitimasak, W.; Thirakhupt, K.; Boonyaratpalin, S.; Moll, D.L. 2005. Distribution and population status of the narrow-headed softshell turtle Chitra spp. in Thailand. Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University 5(1): 31-42.

McCord, W.P.; Joseph-Ouni, M. 2003. Chelonian illustrations. 6. Flapshell and giant Asian softshell turtles. Reptilia (GB) 26: 59-64.

McCord, W.P.; Pauwels, O.S.G.; Bour, R.; Cherot, F.; Iverson, J.; Pritchard, P.C.H.; Thirakhupt, K.; Kitimasak, W.; Bundhitwongrut, T. 2003. Chitra burmanica sensu Jaruthanin, 2002 (Testudines: Trionychidae): an unavailable name. Hamadryad 27(2): 214-216.

McCord, W.P.; Pritchard, P.C.H. 2002. A review of the softshell turtles of the genus Chitra, with the description of new taxa from Myanmar and Indonesia (Java). Hamadryad 27(1): 11-56.

Philippen, H.D. 1998. Bemerkungen zum Defensivverhalten bei einer unbekannten Weichschildkröte (Chitra spec.) aus Indonesien. Emys 5(1): 34-38.

Chitra chitra

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 2005. Opinion 2119 (Case 3277). Chitra chitra Nutaphand, 1986 (Reptilia, Testudines): specific name given precedence over Chitra selenkae Jaekel, 1911. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 62(2): 118-119.

Kitimasak, W.; Thirakhupt, K. 2002. New record of Chitra chitra Nutphand, 1986 in Mae Ping River, Thailand. Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University 2(1): 62-63.

Kitimasak, W.; Thirakhupt, K.; Moll, D.L. 2003. Captive breeding of the Siamese narrow-headed softshell turtle Chitra chitra Nutphand, 1986 (Testudines: Trionychidae). Thai Journal of Agricultural Science 36(2): 141-154.

Kuchling, G.; Kitimasak, W. 2010. Male biased sex ratio in captive bred Siamese Narrow-headed Softshell Turtles, Chitra chitra: does the incubation temperature influence hatchling sex in the family Trionychidae? Tropical Natural History 10(2): 189-197.

McCord, W.P.; Pritchard, P.C.H. 2002. A review of the softshell turtles of the genus Chitra, with the description of new taxa from Myanmar and Indonesia (Java). Hamadryad 27(1): 11-56.

McCord, W.P.; Pritchard, P.C.H. 2003. Case 3277. Chitra chitra Nutaphand, 1986 (Reptilia, Testudines): proposed precedence of the specific name over that of Chitra selenkae Jaekel, 1911. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 60(3): 208-210.

Moll, D. 2010. Le Trionyx geant Chitra chitra Nutaphand, 1986. Cheloniens 18: 46-48.

Webb, R.G.; Dijk, P.P. van 2004. Comments on the narrow-headed softshell turtle (Chitra chitra) (Testudines, Trionychidae). Hamadryad 29(1): 94-100.

Chitra indica

Azam, M.M.; Fakhri, M.S.; Saifullah 2005. Some observations on the distribution and abundance of freshwater turtles in the River Indus. Records Zoological Survey of Pakistan 16: 46-51.

Bhadauria, R.; Pai, A.; Basu, D. 1991. Habitat, nesting and reproductive adaptations in narrow-headed soft-shell turtle Chitra indica (Gray) (Reptilia: Chelonia). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 87(3) [1990]: 364-367.

Das, D.; Saikia, P.K. 2007. Present status of soft shell turtles (family: Trionychidae) in Barpeta and its surrounding areas, Barpeta, Assam. Reptile RAP 8: 3-4.

Das, I.; Singh, S. 2009. Chitra indica (Gray 1830) - Narrow - Headed Softshell Turtle Chelonian Research Monographs 5: 027.1-027.7.

Das, K.C.; Gupta, A. 2011. Site records of softshell turtles (Chelonia: Trionychidae) from Barak Valley, Assam, northeastern India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3(4): 1722-1726.

Datta, M.K. 2012. Natural availability and trade of Testudines in Tripura (India). Environment and Ecology (Kalyani) 30(4A): 1449-1451.

Farkas, B. 1994. Notes on type and type locality of the narrow-headed soft shell turtle, Chitra indica (Gray, 1831) (Testudines, Trionychidae). Miscellanea Zoologica Hungarica 9: 117-119.

Gemel, R.; Haring, E. 2011. On two shells of trionychid turtles in the collection of the 'Zoologische Staatssammlung München' with remarks about morphological differences between Chitra Gray, 1844 and Pelochelys Gray, 1864 (Testudines: Trionychidae). Herpetozoa 23(3-4): 67-77.

Gupta, R.C.; Punia, R.; Kaushik, T.K. 2011. A peep into the last lurking live relics of tortoises in Haryana State in India. Journal of Experimental Zoology India 14(1): 35-38.

Hossain, L.; Sarker, S.U. 1995. Observations on the narrow-headed softshell turtle (Chitra indica) in Bangladesh. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 92(3): 423-426.

Mishra, S.B.; Narain, S.; Chauhan, R. 1996. Study of some fresh water turtles of Panchnada. Journal of Nature Conservation 8(2): 121-133.

Sachsse, W. 1971. Beobachtungen an jungen Chitra indica insbesondere zum Beuteerwerb (Testudines, Trichonychidae [Trionychidae]). Salamandra 7: 31-37.

Sahi, D.N.; Duda, P.L.; Verma, A.K. 1999. Preliminary observations on the ecology of the freshwater soft-shell turtles (Family: Trionychidae) of J & K State. Advances in Fish and Wildlife Ecology and Biology 2: 170-173.

Shrestha, T.K. 1995. New survival of rare chelonian in the altered habitats of Himalayan rivers of Nepal. pp. 52-56. In: Devaux, B. (ed.). International Congress of Chelonian Conservation. France - Gonfaron - Tortoise Village - 6th to 10th of July 1995. Proceedings. Editions SOPTOM, Gonfaron, France. 344 pp.

Singh, S.; Baruah, C. 2010. Le Trionyx a rayures Chitra indica (Gray, 1831). Cheloniens 18: 49-53.

Sirsi, S.; Davis, S.K.; Forstner, M.R.J. 2016. Herpetoculture notes: Chitra indica (Narrow-headed Softshell Turtle). Captive breeding. Herpetological Review 47(3): 410.

Vogel, Z. 1977. Eine merkwürdige Schildkröte: Chitra indica. DATZ (Die Aquarien- und Terrarien-Zeitschrift) 30: 138-139.

Webb, R.G. 1981. The narrow-headed softshell turtle, Chitra indica (Testudines: Trionychidae), in peninsular India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India 79(1-2): 203-204.

Zaheer, K.M.; Safi, A.; Farina, F.; Ghalib, S.A.; Hashmi, M.U.A.; Khan, I.S.; Siddiqui, S.; Zehra, A.; Hussain, B. 2015. An evaluation of distribution, status and abundance of freshwater turtles in the selected areas of Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces of Pakistan. Canadian Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 9(1): 3201-3219.

Chitra vandijki

Kuchling, G.; Win, K.K.; Tint, L.; Sein, A.M.; Myo Myo Khin; Thin, T.K.; Win Win Mar; Thin, T.K. 2004. The softshell turtles and their exploitation at the upper Chindwin River, Myanmar: range extensions for Amyda cartilaginea, Chitra vandijki, and Nilssonia formosa. Salamandra 40(3-4): 281-296.

McCord, W.P.; Pritchard, P.C.H. 2002. A review of the softshell turtles of the genus Chitra, with the description of new taxa from Myanmar and Indonesia (Java). Hamadryad 27(1): 11-56.

Platt, S.G.; Platt, K.; Win Ko Ko; Rainwater, T.R. 2014. Chitra vandijki McCord and Pritchard 2003 – Burmese Narrow-Headed Softshell Turtle. Chelonian Research Monographs 5(74): 1-7.