Home - Taxonomy - Geography - Biodiversity - Literature - Purchase RepFocus Recent updates Related bibliographies: Reptiles Lizards Crotaphytidae North America Taxonomy of the genus Gambelia Biodiversity of the family Crotaphytidae Bibliography of the genus Gambelia (North American Leopard Lizards) (Reptilia: Sauria: Crotaphytidae) Note: In order to limit redundancy, relevant literature indexed in the related bibliographies in the left column may not have been included in this page. For a comprehensive search of literature, these bibliographies should therefore also be consulted. Gambelia in general Banta, B.H.; Tanner, W.W. 1968. The systematics of Crotaphytus wislizeni, the leopard lizards (Sauria: Iguanidae). Part 2. A review of the status of the Baja California Peninsular populations and a description of a new subspecies from Cedros Island. Great Basin Naturalist 28: 183-194. Lappin, A.K.; Swinney, E.J. 1999. Sexual dimorphism as it relates to natural history of leopard lizards (Crotaphytidae: Gambelia). Copeia 1999(3): 649-660. McGuire, J.A. 1996. Phylogenetic systematics of crotaphytid lizards (Reptilia: Iguania: Crotaphytidae). Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History 32: 1-143. Montagne, M.E. 1979. The blunt-nosed leopard lizard hybrid in Ballinger Canyon. Cal-Neva Wildlife 1979: 174-176. Montanucci, R.R. 1969. Remarks upon the Crotaphytus-Gambelia controversy (Sauria: Iguanidae). Herpetologica 25: 308-314. Montanucci, R.R. 1970. Analysis of hybridization between Crotaphytus wislizenii and Crotaphytus silus (Sauria: Iguanidae) in California. Copeia 1970: 104-123. Montanucci, R.R. 1978. Discriminant analysis of hybridization between leopard lizards, Gambelia (Reptilia, Lacertilia, Iguanidae). Journal of Herpetology 12(3): 299-307. Montanucci, R.R.; Axtell, R.W.; Dessauer, H.C. 1975. Evolutionary divergence among collared lizards (Crotaphytus), with comments on the status of Gambelia. Herpetologica 31(3): 336-347. Switak, K.H. 2006. Leopardleguane der Gattung Gambelia. Aquaristik Fachmagazin & Aquarium Heute 38(1)(187): 106-110. Switak, K.H. 2014. Der Leopard unter den Reptilien. Terraria-Elaphe 2014(46): 26-32. Tanner, W.W.; Banta, B.H. 1963. The systematics of Crotaphytus wislizeni, the leopard lizards. Part I. Great Basin Naturalist 23: 129-148. Tanner, W.W.; Banta, B.H. 1977. The systematics of Crotaphytus wislizeni, the leopard lizards. 3. The leopard lizards of the Great Basin and adjoining areas, with a description of a new subspecies from the Lahontan Basin. Great Basin Naturalist 37(2): 225-240. Tollestrup, K. 1978. Notes from the Tempe herpetology convention. Leopard lizards. Herpetology (Pasadena) 10(1): 3. Tollestrup, K. 1980. The ecology, social structure, and foraging behaviour of two closely related species of Leopard Lizards, Gambelia silus and Gambelia wislizenii. Dissertation Abstracts International B Sciences and Engineering 40(7): 2988-2989. Weiner, N.J.; Smith, H.M. 1965. Comparative osteology and classifacation of the crotaphytiform lizards. American Midland Naturalist 73: 170-187. Wever, E.G.; Hepp-Reymond, M.C.; Vernon, J.A. 1966. Vocalisation and hearing in the leopard lizard. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 55: 98-106. Woodbury, A.M. 1959. Clasping behavior of the leopard lizard. Herpetologica 15: 118. Gambelia copeii Banta, B.H.; Tanner, W.W. 1968. The systematics of Crotaphytus wislizeni, the leopard lizards (Sauria: Iguanidae). Part 2. A review of the status of the Baja California Peninsular populations and a description of a new subspecies from Cedros Island. Great Basin Naturalist 28: 183-194. Goldberg, S.R.; Mahrdt, C.R.; Beaman, K.R. 2010. Reproduction in Cope's Leopard Lizard, Gambelia copeii (Squamata: Crotaphytidae). Bulletin Southern California Academy of Sciences 109(1): 15-17. Mahrdt, C.R. 1973. Geographic distribution: Crotaphytus wislizeni copei. HISS News J. 1(3): 98. Mahrdt, C.R.; McGuire, J.A.; Beaman, K.R. 2010. Gambelia copeii. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 871: 1-8. Zepenewski, E.D.; Carreno, C.A.; Lappin, A.K. 2003. Geographic distribution: Gambelia copei (Baja California Leopard Lizard). Herpetological Review 34(2): 166. Gambelia sila Anonymous. 1974. Endangered fauna of the United States. Bulletin Field Mus. nat. Hist. 45(12): 3-5. Bishop, R.C. 1980. Endangered species: an economic perspective. Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference 45: 208-218. Clark, H.O. 2009. Why does the Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard have a blunt nose? Sonoran Herpetologist 22(5): 50-51. Cooper, T. 1977. Hell on wheels. Trail bikes scourge national forest home of endangered leopard lizard. Defenders 52(2): 126-129. Cypher, B.L.; Spencer, K.A.; Scrivner, J.H. 1994. Food-item use by coyotes at the Naval Petroleum Reserves in California. Southwestern Naturalist 39(1): 91-95. Finnley, D. (ed.) 1980. Recovery scheduled for California least tern, blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin 5(5): 3-5. Frost, D.R.; Collins, J.T. 1988. Nomenclatural notes on reptiles of the United States. Herpetological Review 19(4): 73-74. Germano, D.J. 1995. Waterfowl blinds in the San Joaquin Valley: death traps for endangered species. Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society 31: 33-35. Germano, D.J. 2009. The number of census days needed to detect Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizards, Gambelia sila. California Fish and Game 95(2): 106-109. Germano, D.J.; Brown, J.L. 2003. Natural history notes: Gambelia sila (Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard). Predation. Herpetological Review 34(2): 143-144. Germano, D.J.; Carter, C. 1995. Natural history notes: Gambelia sila (Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard). Predation. Herpetological Review 26(2): 100. Germano, D.J.; Cypher, E.; McCormick, R. 1993. Use of barrier to exclude Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizards from a construction zone. Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society 29: 16-19. Germano, D.J.; Rathbun, G.B. 2016. Home range and habitat use by Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizards in the southern San Joaquin Desert of California. Journal of Herpetology 50(3): 429-434. Germano, D.J.; Rathbun, G.B.; Saslaw, L.R. 2012. Effects of grazing and invasive grasses on desert vertebrates in California. Journal of Wildlife Management 76(4): 670-682. Germano, D.J.; Smith, P.T.; Tabor, S.P. 2007. Food habits of the Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard (Gambelia sila). Southwestern Naturalist 52(2): 318-323. Germano, D.J.; Williams, D.F. 1992. Life history notes: Gambelia sila. (Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard). Reproduction. Herpetological Review 23(4): 117-118. Germano, D.J.; Williams, D.F. 1992. Recovery of the Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard: past efforts, present knowledge, and future opportunities. Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society 28: 38-47. Germano, D.J.; Williams, D.F. 1994. Natural history notes: Gambelia sila (Bluntnose Leopard Lizard). Cannibalism. Herpetological Review 25(1): 26-27. Germano, D.J.; Williams, D.F. 2005. Population ecology of Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizards in high elevation foothill habitat. Journal of Herpetology 39(1): 1-18. Germano, D.J.; Williams, D.F. 2007. Ontogenetic and seasonal changes in coLoration of the Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard (Gambelia sila). Southwestern Naturalist 52(1): 46-53. Germano, D.J.; Williams, D.F.; Saslaw, L.R. 1997. Utility of 10-day censuses to estimate population size of Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizards. California Fish and Game 83(4): 144-152. Germano, D.J.; Williams, D.F.; Tordoff, W. 1994. Effect of drought on Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizards (Gambelia sila). Northwestern Naturalist 75(1): 11-19. Grimes, A.J.; Corrigan, G.; Germano, D.J.; Smith, P.T. 2014. Mitochondrial phylogeography of the endangered Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard, Gambelia sila. Southwestern Naturalist 59(1): 38-46. Hansen, R.W.; Montanucci, R.R.; Switak, K.H. 1994. Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard. pp. 272-273. In: Thelander, C.G. & Crabtree, M. (eds.): Life on the edge: a guide to California's endangered natural resources: wildlife. Biosystems Books, Santa Cruz, California. 550 pp. Jennings, M.R. 1995. Gambelia sila. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 612: 1-4. Montanucci, R.R. 1965. Observations on the San Joaquin leopard lizard, Crotaphytus wislizenii silus Stejntger. Herpetologica 21: 270-283. Richmond, J.Q.; Wood, D.A.; Westphal, M.F.; Vandergast, A.G.; Leache, A.D.; Saslaw, L.R.; Butterfield, H.S.; Fisher, R.N. 2017. Persistence of historical population structure in an endangered species despite near-complete biome conversion in California's San Joaquin Desert. Molecular Ecology 26(14): 3618-3635 Tollestrup, K. 1982. Growth and reproduction in two closely related species of Leopard Lizards, Gambelia silus and Gambelia wislizenii. American Midland Naturalist 108(1): 1-20. Tollestrup, K. 1983. The social behavior of two species of closely related Leopard Lizards, Gambelia silus and Gambelia wislizenii. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 62(4): 307-320. Warrick, G.D.; Kato, T.T.; Rose, B.R. 1998. Microhabitat use and home range characteristics of Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizards. Journal of Herpetology 32(2): 183-191. Gambelia wislizenii Becker, P. 1997. Haltung und Nachzucht des Leopardleguans (Gambelia wislizenii). Iguana Rundschreiben 10(2)(18): 15-19. Chrapliwy, P.S.; Fugler, C.M. 1955. Amphibians and reptiles collected in Mexico in the summer of 1953. Herpetologica 11: 121-128. Clark, H.O. 2009. Why does the Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard have a blunt nose? Sonoran Herpetologist 22(5): 50-51. Clark, H.O. 2010. Long-nosed Leopard Lizard, Gambelia wislizenii (Baird and Girard, 1852). Sonoran Herpetologist 23(5): 75-77. Clark, W.H. 1975. Arboreal behaviour of the leopard lizard, Crotaphytus wislizenii in western Nevada. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Sciences 77(1): 68. Claunch, N.; Taylor, E. 2017. Natural history notes: Gambelia wislizenii (Long-nosed Leopard Lizard). Saurocaudophagy. Herpetological Review 48(1): 190-192. Crowley, S.R.; Pietruszka, R.D. 1983. Aggressiveness and vocalization in the Leopard Lizard (Gambelia wislizennii): the influence of temperature. Animal Behaviour 31(4): 1055-1060. Cuellar, O. 1993. Lizard population ecology: a long term community study. Bulletin d'Ecologie 24(2-4): 109-149. Emmons, I.D.; Nowak, E.M.; Bowker, R. 2015. Geographic distribution: Gambelia wislizenii (Long-nosed Leopard Lizard). Herpetological Review 46(4): 569. Essghaier, M.F.A.; Johnson, D.R. 1975. Aspects of the bioenergetics of Great Basin lizards. Journal of Herpetology 9(2): 191-195. Fallahpour, K. 2005. Natural history notes: Gambelia wislizenii (Long-nosed Leopard Lizard). Necrophilia. Herpetological Review 36(2): 177-178. Fogarty, S.; Adolph, S.C. 2005. Natural history notes: Gambelia wislizenii (Long-nosed Leopard Lizard). Arboreal behavior. Herpetological Review 36(4): 449. Frost, D.R.; Collins, J.T. 1988. Nomenclatural notes on reptiles of the United States. Herpetological Review 19(4): 73-74. Garrison, G.E.; Zecchini Gebin, J.C.; Penner, J.F.; Jacobson, F.E.; Eifler, M.A.; Eifler, D.A. 2018. Intraspecific variation in habitat use and movement in Long-Nosed Leopard Lizards (Gambelia wislizenii) From the Alvord Basin, Oregon. Southwestern Naturalist 62(3): 187–192. Goldberg, S.R. 2013. Notes on reproduction in Long-nosed Leopard Lizards, Gambelia wislizenii (Squamata: Crotaphytidae), from southern California. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 48(6): 79-82. Gracie, A.E.; Murphy, R.W. 1986. Life history notes: Gambelia wislizenii (Leopard Lizard). Food. Herpetological Review 17(2): 47. Gunn, J. 2011. Long-nosed Leopard Lizard predation on a Coachwhip. Sonoran Herpetologist 24(8): 76. Hammerson, G.A.; Valentine, L.; Livo, L.J. 1991. Geographic distribution: Gambelia wislizenii (Longnose Leopard Lizard). Herpetological Review 22(2): 65-66. Jacobson, F.; Garrison, G.; Penner, J.; Gebin, J.Z.; Eifler, M.; Eifler, D. 2016. Escape behaviour in the Leopard Lizard (Gambelia wislizenii): effects of starting distance and sex. Amphibia-Reptilia 37(3): 320–324. Jorgensen, C.D.; Orton, A.M.; Tanner, W.W. 1963. Voice of the leopard lizard Crotaphytus wislizeni Baird & Girard. Proceedings of the Utah Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters 40(1): 115-116. Lappin, A.K.; Germano, M. 2005. Feeding behavior modulation in the Leopard Lizard (Gambelia wislizenii): Effects of noxious versus innocuous prey. Zoology (Jena) 108(4): 287-295. Lemos-Espinal, J.A.; Smith, G.R.; Smith, H.M.; Ballinger, R.E. 2000. Diet of Gambelia wislizenii from Chihuahua, Mexico. Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society 36(4): 115-118. McCoy, C.J. 1967. Natural history notes on Crotaphytus wislizeni (Reptilia: Iguanidae) in Colorado. American Midland Naturalist 77 [1966]: 138-146. McElroy, E.J.; McBrayer, L.D.; Williams, S.C.; Anderson, R.A.; Reilly, S.M. 2012. Sequential analyses of foraging behavior and attack speed in ambush and widely foraging lizards. Adaptive Behavior 20(1): 16-31. Medica, P.A. 2010. Natural history notes: Gambelia wislizenii (Long-nosed Leopard Lizard). Escape behavior/swimming and floating. Herpetological Review 41(3): 354-355. Medica, P.A.; Turner, F.B. 1984. Natural longevity of iguanid lizards in southern Nevada. Herpetological Review 15(2): 34-35. Menke, S.B. 2003. Lizard community structure across a grassland: Creosote bush ecotone in the Chihuahuan Desert. Canadian Journal of Zoology 81(11): 1829-1838. Meyers, J.J.; Herrel, A.; Vanhooydonck, B. 2005. Natural history notes: Gambelia wislizenii (Leopard Lizard). Ophiophagy. Herpetological Review 36(4): 448-449. Mitchell, J.C. 1984. Observations on the ecology and reproduction of the Leopard Lizard, Gambelia wislizenii (Iguanidae), in southeastern Arizona. Southwestern Naturalist 29(4): 509-511. Mocquard, F. 1903. Notes herpetologiques. Bulletin du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 1903: 209-221. Moll, E.O. 2003. III. Gambelia wislizenii (Baird and Girard, 1852) - long nosed Leopard Lizard. Sonoran Herpetologist 16(7): 50-52. Montanucci, R.R. 1967. Further studies on leopard lizards, Crotaphytus wislizenii. Herpetologica 23: 119-126. Montanucci, R.R. 1978. Dorsal pattern polymorphism and adaptation in Gambelia wislizenii (Reptilia, Lacertilia, Iguanidae). Journal of Herpetology 12(1): 73-81. O'Donnell, R.P. 2005. Natural history notes: Gambelia wislizenii (Long-nosed Leopard Lizard). Predation. Herpetological Review 36(3): 318-319. Orange, D.I.; Riddle, B.R.; Nickle, D.C. 1999. Phylogeography of a wide-ranging desert lizard, Gambelia wislizenii (Crotaphytidae). Copeia 1999(2): 267-273. Pack, H.J. 1922. Food habits of Crotaphytus wislizenii Baird and Girard. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 35: 1-4. Panik, H.R.; Barrett, S. 1994. Distribution of amphibians and reptiles along the Truckee River System. Northwest Science 68(3): 197-204. Parker, W.S.; Pianka, E.R. 1976. Ecological observations on the leopard lizard (Crotaphytus wislizeni) in different parts of its range. Herpetologica 32(1): 95-114. Pietruszka, R.D. 1986. Search tactics of desert lizards: how polarized are they? Animal Behaviour 34(6): 1742-1758. Pietruszka, R.D.; Wiens, J.A.; Pietruszka, C.J. 1981. Leopard Lizard predation on Perognathus. Journal of Herpetology 15(2): 249-250. Rieder, J.P.; Newbold, T.A.S.; Ostoja, S.M. 2010. Structural changes in vegetation coincident with annual grass invasion negatively impacts sprint velocity of small vertebrates. Biological Invasions 12(8): 2429-2439. Schorr, R.A.; Lambert, B.A.; Freels, E. 2011. Habitat use and home range of Long-nosed Leopard Lizards (Gambelia wislizenii) in canyons of the Ancients National Monument, Colorado. Herpetological Conservation and Biology 6(2): 312-323. Scudday, J.F. 1968. Additional notes on distribution of Crotaphytus wislizeni in Texas. Texas Journal of Science 19(4): 396-397. Shaw, C.E. 1952. Notes on the eggs and young of some United States and Mexican lizards. 1. Herpetologica 8(3): 71-79. Smith, P.W.; Hensley, M.M. 1959. Notes on a small collection of amphibians and reptiles from the vicinity of the Pinacate lava cap in north-western Sonora, Mexico. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Sciences 61: 64-76. Steffen, J.E.; Anderson, R.A. 2006. Abundance of the Long-nosed Leopard Lizard (Gambelia wislizeni) is influenced by shrub diversity and cover in southeast Oregon. American Midland Naturalist 156(1): 201-207. Switak, K.H. 1977. Leben in der Wüste. Crotaphytus collaris und C. wislizenii - die Kannibalischen Echsen aus dem Westen. Aquarium (Bornheim) 11(94): 173-177. Tanner, W.W. 1958. Herpetology of Glen Canyon of the Upper Colorado River Basin. Herpetologica 14: 193-193. Tanner, W.W.; Banta, B.H. 1977. The systematics of Crotaphytus wislizeni, the leopard lizards. 3. The leopard lizards of the Great Basin and adjoining areas, with a description of a new subspecies from the Lahontan Basin. Great Basin Naturalist 37(2): 225-240. Tanner, W.W.; Krogh, J.E. 1974. Ecology of the leopard lizard Crotaphytus wislizeni at the Nevada test site, Nye County, Nevada. Herpetologica 30(1): 63-72. Tanner, W.W.; Krogh, J.E. 1974. Variations in activity as seen in four sympatric lizard species of southern Nevada. Herpetologica 30(3): 303-308. Tinkle, D.W. 1959. Observations on the lizards Cnemidophorus tigris, Cnemidophorus tessellatus and Crotaphytus wislizeni. Southwestern Naturalist 4: 195-200. Tollestrup, K. 1982. Growth and reproduction in two closely related species of Leopard Lizards, Gambelia silus and Gambelia wislizenii. American Midland Naturalist 108(1): 1-20. Tollestrup, K. 1983. The social behavior of two species of closely related Leopard Lizards, Gambelia silus and Gambelia wislizenii. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 62(4): 307-320. Treadwell, R.W. 1966. Distribution of the leopard lizard, Crotaphytus wislizeni in Texas. Southwestern Naturalist 11: 413. Turner, F.B.; Lannom, J.R.; Medica, P.A.; Hoddenbach, G.A. 1969. Density and composition of fenced populations of leopard lizards (Crotaphytus wislizenii) in southern Nevada. Herpetologica 25: 247-256. Turner, F.B.; Medica, P.A.; Bridges, K.W.; Jennrich, R.I. 1982. A population model of the lizard Uta stansburiana in southern Nevada. Ecological Monographs 52(3): 243-259. Walde, A.D.; Currylow, A.; Walde, A.M. 2015. Discovery of a new burrow associate of the Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii), the Long-nosed Leopard Lizard (Gambelia wislizenii). Herpetology Notes 8: 107-109. Williams, K.L.; Smith, H.M.; Chrapliwy, P.S. 1960. Turtles and lizards from northern Mexico. Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science 53(1/2): 36-45. Wings, O.; Joyce, W.G. 2006. Jagd und Nahrungsaufnahme eines frei lebenden Leopardleguans Gambelia wislizenii. Elaphe 14(4): 55-58. Wings, O.; Joyce, W.G. 2006. Natural history notes: Gambelia wislizenii (Long-nosed Leopard Lizard). Predation. Herpetological Review 37(2): 221-222.