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Taxonomy of the genus Trimeresurus Biodiversity of the family Viperidae

Bibliography of the genus
Trimeresurus (Oriental Pitvipers)

(Reptilia: Serpentes: Viperidae)

Note: In order to limit redundancy, relevant literature indexed in the related bibliographies in the left column may not have been included in this page. For a comprehensive search of literature, these bibliographies should therefore also be consulted.


Trimeresurus in general

Creer, S.; Pook, C.E.; Malhotra, A.; Thorpe, R.S. 2006. Optimal intron analyses in the Trimeresurus radiation of Asian pitvipers. Systematic Biology 55(1): 57-72.

David, P.; Vogel, G.; Dubois, A. 2011. On the need to follow rigorously the rules of the Code for the subsequent designation of a nucleospecies (type species) for a nominal genus which lacked one: the case of the nominal genus Trimeresurus Lacepede, 1804 (Reptilia: Squamata: Viperidae). Zootaxa 2992: 1-51.

Gumprecht, A.; Bulian, J. 2003. Die Bambusottern der Gattung Trimeresurus Lacepede. VIII. Nachtr ge und Anmerkungen zur Checkliste der Trimeresurus-Arten Thailands. Sauria (Berlin) 25(4): 15-17.

Gumprecht, A.; Ryabov, S.A. 2002. Die Gattung Trimeresurus Lacepede, 1804 - Zum Kenntnisstand der Forschung. Draco 3(4) (12): 31-44.

Gumprecht, A.; Tillack, F.; Orlov, N.L.; Captain, A.; Ryabov, S. 2004. Asian Pitvipers. GeitjeBooks, Berlin. 368 pp.

Hoser, R.T. 2012. A revision of the Asian pitvipers, referred to the genus Cryptelytrops Cope, 1860, with the creation of a new genus Adelynhoserea to accommodate six divergent species (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae). Australasian Journal of Herpetology 12: 6-8.

Malhotra, A.; Thorpe, R.S. 2004. A phylogeny of four mitochondrial gene regions suggests a revised taxonomy for Asian pitvipers (Trimeresurus and Ovophis). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32(1): 83-100.

Mrinalini; Thorpe, R.S.; Creer, S.; Lallias, D.; Dawnay, L.; Stuart, B.L.; Malhotra, A. 2015. Convergence of multiple markers and analysis methods defines the genetic distinctiveness of cryptic pitvipers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 92: 266-279.

Regenass, U.; Kramer, E. 1981. Zur Systematik der gr nen Grubenottern der Gattung Trimeresurus (Serpentes, Crotalidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie 88(1): 163-205.

Zhu, F.; Liu, Q.; Che, J.; Zhang, L.; Chen, X.; Yan, F.; Murphy, R.; Guo, C.; Guo, P. 2016. Molecular phylogeography of White-lipped Tree Viper (Trimeresurus; Viperidae). Zoologica Scripta 45(3): 252 262

Trimeresurus albolabris

Barnes, C.H.; Strine, C.T.; Suwanwaree, P.; Major, T. 2018. Natural history notes: Cryptelytrops albolabris (White-lipped Viper). Behavior. Herpetological Review 49(1): 129-130.

Cheke, A.S. 1973. Snakes at Chiang Mai University. Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society 24(3-4): 469-471.

Cox, M.J. 1990. Life history notes: Trimeresurus albolabris (White-lipped Pit Viper). Reproduction. Herpetological Review 21(3): 64.

David, P.; Vogel, G. 2000. On the occurrence of Trimeresurus albolabris (Gray 1842) on Sumatra Island, Indonesia (Reptilia, Serpentes, Viperidae, Crotalinae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 80(1-2): 225-232.

Devan-Song, A.; Martelli, P.; Karraker, N.E. 2017. Reproductive biology and natural history of the White-lipped Pit Viper (Trimeresurus albolabris Gray, 1842) in Hong Kong. Herpetological Conservation and Biology 12(1): 56-67

Drent, J. 1990. Breeding results. Trimeresurus albolabris F2. Litteratura Serpentium (English Edition) 10(6): 266.

Drent, J. 1991. Trimeresurus albolabris (F2). Litteratura Serpentium (English Edition) 11(5): 115.

Einfalt, P. 2002. Haltung und Vermehrung von Trimeresurus albolabris (Gray, 1842). Elaphe 10(4): 31-36.

Giannasi, N.; Thorpe, R.S.; Malhotra, A. 2001. The use of amplified fragment length polymorphism in determining species trees at fine taxonomic levels: Analysis of a medically important snake, Trimeresurus albolabris. Molecular Ecology 10(2): 419-426.

Gumprecht, A. 2001. Die Bambusottern der Gattung Trimeresurus Lacepede. IV. Checkliste der Trimesurus-Arten Thailands. Sauria (Berlin) 23(2): 25-32.

Gumprecht, A. 2006. Die Wei lippen-Bambusotter - Cryptelytrops albolabris. NTV, M nster. 62 pp.

Gumprecht, A. 2006. Die Wei lippen-Bambusotter - Cryptelytrops albolabris (Trimeresurus albolabris). Natur und Tier-Verlag, M nster. 62 pp.

Guo, P.; Liu, Q.; Zhong, G.H.; Zhu, F.; Yan, F.; Tang, T.; Xiao, R.; Fang, M.; Wang, P.; Fu, X. 2015. Cryptic diversity of green pitvipers in Yunnan, South-west China (Squamata, Viperidae). Amphibia-Reptilia 36(3): 265-276.

Guo, P.; Zhang, F. 2001. Comparative studies on hemipenes of four species of Trimeresurus (sensu stricto) (Serpentes: Crotalinae). Amphibia-Reptilia 22(1): 113-117.

Guo, P.; Zhao, E.M. 2006. Comparison of skull morphology in nine Asian pit vipers (Serpentes: Crotalinae). Herpetological Journal 16(3): 305-313.

Hartmann, P.; Steiner, B. 1984. Trimeresurus albolabris. Litteratura Serpentium 4(2): 80.

Henley, G. 1975. An occurrence of amphigonia retardata in the white-lipped viper, Trimeresurus albolabris. Herpetological Review 6(2): 42.

Herrel, A.; Huyghe, K.; Okovic, P.; Lisicic, D.; Tadic, Z. 2011. Fast and furious: effects of body size on strike performance in an arboreal viper Trimeresurus (Cryptelytrops) albolabris. Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A-Ecological Genetics and Physiology 315A(1): 22-29.

How, R.A.; Schmitt, L.H.; Suyanto, A. 1996. Geographical variation in the morphology of four snake species from the Lesser Sunda Islands, eastern Indonesia. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 59(4): 439-456.

Janssen, P. 1985. Trimeresurus albolabris. Litteratura Serpentium 5(5): 204-205.

Kamelin, E.R.; Lukin, Y. 2005. Sperm storage in two species of snakes: Asian pit vipers Trimeresurus albolabris (Gray, 1842) and Trimeresurus erythrurus (Cantor, 1839), bred at the Leningrad Zoo terrarium. Russian Journal of Herpetology 12: 158-160. (Supplement).

Knobloch, O. 1995. Zkusenost s chrestysovcem Trimeresurus albolabris. [Experience with the rattlesnake Trimeresurus albolabris]. Akvarium Terarium 38(7): 36-39.

Kopstein, F. 1938. Herpetologische Notizen XVIII. ber die systematische Stellung der Art Trimeresurus gramineus (Shaw) von den Sunda-Inseln. Treubia 16(3): 325-333.

Laurent, R.F. 1948. Notes sur quelques reptiles appartenant a la collection du Mus e royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique. II. Formes asiatiques et n oguin ennes. Bulletin Mus. Hist. Nat. Belgique (Bruxelles) 24(17): 1-12.

Mathew, R. 2007. Additions to the snake fauna of Mizoram. Cobra (Chennai) 1(1): 5-9.

Matsui, M.; Hikida, T.; Sengoku, S. 1980. The amphibians and reptiles collected by the Hokkaido University Expedition to Nepal Himalaya. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory Kyoto University 26(1): 17-22.

Minton, S.A.; Minton, M.R. 1979. Effects of a bite from an Asiatic pit-viper (Trimeresurus albolabris). Herptile 4(2): 25-27.

Neill, W.T. 1960. The caudal lure of various juvenile snakes. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences 23: 173-200.

Oosten, R. van 1982. Trimeresurus albolabris. Litteratura Serpentium 2(4): 195-196.

Oosten, R.F. van 1982. The keeping and breeding of Trimeresurus albolabris (bamboo viper). Litteratura Serpentium 2(5): 206-213.

Romer, J.D. 1963. Notes on the white-lipped pit viper, Trimeresurus albolabris Gray, in Hong Kong. pp. 379-384. In: Venomous and poisonous animals and noxious plants of the Pacific area. Pergamon Press.

Soderberg, P.S. 1972. Cannibalism and feeding in two snakes, Trimeresurus albolabris and Ahaetulla nasutus. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 69(1): 192-193.

Soud, R.; Mazumdar, K.J.; Gupta, A. 2007. Note on the feeding of white-lipped pit viper Trimeresurus albolabris Gray, 1842 family: Viperidae Boie, 1827 in captivity. Cobra (Chennai) 1(2): 37-38.

Verkerk, J.W. 1987. Trimeresurus albolabris, the green pit viper. pp. 64-65. In: Welch, K.R. Handbook on the maintenance of reptiles in captivity. Krieger, Florida. 156 pp.

Wegner, A.M.R. 1953. Slangen. III. (Die slangen van de Indo-Australisches Archipel). De Tropische Natuur 23(1): 3-9.

Werner, F. 1926. Neue oder wenig bekannte Schlangen aus dem Wiener naturhistorischen Staatsmuseum. 3. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Berlin 135: 243-257.

Wiwanitkit, V. 2004. A review of the hematologic effects of green pit viper venom. Journal of Toxicology Toxin Reviews 23(1): 105-110.

Wogan, G.O.U.; Win, H. 2005. Natural history notes: Trimeresurus albolabris (White-lipped Pitviper). Resting site. Herpetological Review 36(1): 72.

Ziegler, T. 2018. Cover: Trimeresurus albolabris Gray, 1842. Sauria (Berlin) 40(2): 1.

Ziegler, T.; Pham, C.T.; Nguyen, T.Q.; Berger, M.; Ngo, H.T.; Le, M.D. 2018. First record of the White-lipped Pitviper (Trimeresurus albolabris) from Hai Phong City: report of an unusual colour morph from Bach Long Vy Island in the Gulf of Tonkin, northern Vietnam and identifi- cation of previously erroneously determined T. rubeus Sauria (Berlin) 40(2): 2 - 24.

Trimeresurus cantori

Castro, A. de; Bayley, A. 1926. A case of snake-bite due to Lachesis cantoris. Ind. Med. Gaz. Calcutta 61: 123.

Werner, F. 1926. Neue oder wenig bekannte Schlangen aus dem Wiener naturhistorischen Staatsmuseum. 3. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Berlin 135: 243-257.

Whitaker, R. 1991. Suspected case of death by pit viper bite. Hamadryad 16(1-2): 37.

Trimeresurus cardamomensis

Malhotra, A.; Thorpe, R.S.; Mrinalini; Stuart, B.L. 2011. Two new species of pitviper of the genus Cryptelytrops Cope 1860 (Squamata: Viperidae: Crotalinae) from Southeast Asia. Zootaxa 2757: 1-23.

Trimeresurus erythrurus

Kamelin, E.R.; Lukin, Y. 2005. Sperm storage in two species of snakes: Asian pit vipers Trimeresurus albolabris (Gray, 1842) and Trimeresurus erythrurus (Cantor, 1839), bred at the Leningrad Zoo terrarium. Russian Journal of Herpetology 12: 158-160. (Supplement).

Neill, W.T. 1960. The caudal lure of various juvenile snakes. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences 23: 173-200.

Talukdar, S.K.; Sanyal, D.P. 1978. Four new records of reptiles from Mizoram, India. Bulletin of the Zoological Survey of India 1(3): 319-320.

Toriba, M. 1994. Karyotype of Trimeresurus erythrurus. The Snake 26(2): 141-143.

Toriba, M.; Hirabayashi, K. 1995. Growth and reproduction of Burmese green pit viper, Trimeresurus erythrurus in captivity. The Snake 27(1): 1-5.

Toriba, M.; Hirabayashi, K.; Khin, A.C. 1990. A case of reproduction of Burmese green pit viper, Trimeresurus erythrurus with notes on morphological features. The Snake 22(1): 8-10.

Vogel, G. 1990. ber eine verkannte Trimeresurus-Art aus Thailand. Sauria (Berlin) 12(2): 11-13.

Trimeresurus fasciatus

David, P.; Vogel, G.; Vidal, N. 2003. On Trimeresurus fasciatus (Boulenger, 1896) (Serpentes: Crotalidae), with a discussion on its relationships based on morphological and molecular data. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 51(1): 149-157.

Werner, F. 1926. Neue oder wenig bekannte Schlangen aus dem Wiener naturhistorischen Staatsmuseum. 3. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Berlin 135: 243-257.

Trimeresurus honsonensis

Grismer, L.L.; Ngo, V.T.; Grismer, J.L. 2008. A new species of insular pitviper of the genus Cryptelytrops (Squamata: Viperidae) from southern Vietnam. Zootaxa 1715: 57-68.

Trimeresurus insularis

Kuch, U. 2002. Records of Trimeresurus insularis Kramer, 1977 from Bali, Indonesia. Herpetozoa 15(3-4): 180-182.

Reilly, S.B.; Harmon, K.P.; McGuire, J.A.; Arida, E.; Hamidy, A.; Iskandar, D.T. 2016. Natural history notes: Trimeresurus insularis (White-lipped Island Pit Viper). Foraging behavior and diet. Herpetological Review 47(2): 318-319.

Trimeresurus kanburiensis

Bulian, J. 2001. Hinweise zur Lebensweise und Haltung der Bambusotter Trimeresurus [Trimeresurus] kanburiensis. Reptilia (D) 6(31): 62-66.

David, P.; Vogel, G.; Sumontha, M.; Pauwels, O.S.G.; Chanhome, L. 2004. Expanded description of the poorly known pitviper Trimeresurus kanburiensis Smith, 1943, with confirmation of the validity of Trimeresurus venustus Vogel, 1991 (Reptilia: Serpentes: Crotalidae). Russian Journal of Herpetology 11(2): 81-90.

Gumprecht, A. 2001. Die Bambusottern der Gattung Trimeresurus Lacepede. IV. Checkliste der Trimesurus-Arten Thailands. Sauria (Berlin) 23(2): 25-32.

Gumprecht, A. 2002. Eine ungew hnliche Zeichnung bei Trimeresurus kanburiensis Smith, 1943. Sauria (Berlin) 24(1): 45-46.

Malhotra, A.; Thorpe, R.S. 2004. Reassessment of the validity and diagnosis of the pitviper Trimeresurus venustus Vogel, 1991. Herpetological Journal 14(1): 21-33.

Warrell, D.A.; Looareesuwan, S.; Stimson, A.F.; Hutton, R.A. 1992. Rediscovery and redefinition of Malcolm Smith's Trimeresurus kanburiensis in Thailand, with a report of envenoming. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 86: 95-99.

Trimeresurus labialis

Vogel, G.; David, P.; Chandramouli, S.R. 2014. On the systematics of Trimeresurus labialis Fitzinger in Steindachner, 1867, a pitviper from the Nicobar Islands (India), with revalidation of Trimeresurus mutabilis Stoliczka, 1870 (Squamata, Viperidae, Crotalinae). Zootaxa 3786(5): 557 573.

Werner, F. 1926. Neue oder wenig bekannte Schlangen aus dem Wiener naturhistorischen Staatsmuseum. 3. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Berlin 135: 243-257.

Trimeresurus macrops

Bulian, J. 2012. Bangkok, die Flut und Gr ne Mambas. Terraria-Elaphe 2012(34): 48-49.

Gumprecht, A. 1998. Die Bambusottern der Gattung Trimeresurus Lacepede. Teil 2: Die Grossaugen-Bambusotter Trimeresurus macrops Kramer, 1977. Sauria (Berlin) 20(3): 25-36.

Gumprecht, A. 2001. Die Bambusottern der Gattung Trimeresurus Lacepede. IV. Checkliste der Trimesurus-Arten Thailands. Sauria (Berlin) 23(2): 25-32.

Malhotra, A.; Thorpe, R.S.; Mrinalini; Stuart, B.L. 2011. Two new species of pitviper of the genus Cryptelytrops Cope 1860 (Squamata: Viperidae: Crotalinae) from Southeast Asia. Zootaxa 2757: 1-23.

Orlov, N.L.; Ryabov, S.A.; Nguyen, V.S.; Nguyen, Q.T. 2003. New records and data on the poorly known snakes of Vietnam. Russian Journal of Herpetology 10(3): 217-240.

Strine, C.; Brown, A.; Barnes, C.; Major, T.; Artchawakom, T.; Hill, J.; Suwanwaree, P. 2018. Arboreal mating behaviors of the Big-eyed Green Pit Viper (Trimeresurus macrops) in Northeast Thailand (Reptilia: Viperidae). Current Herpetology 37(1): 81-87.

Strine, C.; Silva, I.; Barnes, C.H.; Marshall, B.M.; Artchawakom, T.; Hill, J.; Suwanwaree, P. 2018. Spatial ecology of a small arboreal ambush predator, Trimeresurus macrops Kramer, 1977, in Northeast Thailand. Amphibia-Reptilia 39(3): 335 345.

Strine, C.T.; Silva, I.; Nadolski, B.; Crane, M.; Barnes, C.; Artchawakom, T.; Hill, J.; Suwanwaree, P. 2015. Sexual dimorphism of tropical green pit viper Trimeresurus (Cryptelytrops) macrops in Northeast Thailand. Amphibia-Reptilia 36(4): 327-338.

Wiwanitkit, V. 2004. A review of the hematologic effects of green pit viper venom. Journal of Toxicology Toxin Reviews 23(1): 105-110.

Trimeresurus mutabilis

Vogel, G.; David, P.; Chandramouli, S.R. 2014. On the systematics of Trimeresurus labialis Fitzinger in Steindachner, 1867, a pitviper from the Nicobar Islands (India), with revalidation of Trimeresurus mutabilis Stoliczka, 1870 (Squamata, Viperidae, Crotalinae). Zootaxa 3786(5): 557 573.

Werner, F. 1926. Neue oder wenig bekannte Schlangen aus dem Wiener naturhistorischen Staatsmuseum. 3. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Berlin 135: 243-257.

Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus

Frith, C.B.; Frith, D.W. 1975. A case of snake bite by the shore pit viper, Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus (Viperidae). Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society 26: 159-163.

Gumprecht, A. 2001. Die Bambusottern der Gattung Trimeresurus Lacepede. IV. Checkliste der Trimesurus-Arten Thailands. Sauria (Berlin) 23(2): 25-32.

Hartmann, P.; Steiner, B. 1985. Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus. Litteratura Serpentium 5(5): 205-206.

Kauffeld, C.F. 1963. More at home with cobras. Bulletin of the Philadelphia Herpetological Society 11: 13-18.

Kurniawan, N.; Priambodo, B.; Nugraha, F.A.D.; Maulidi, A.; Kurnianto, A.S. 2017. Microhabitat assessment of Mangrove Pit Viper Cryptelytrops purpureomaculatus in restricted mangrove area, Dumai, Riau Province, Sumatera. Journal of Tropical Life Science 7(2): 91-94

Shiryaev, K.A. 2012. [Researches on reproductive biology of Mangrove pitviper Cryptelytrops purpureomaculatus (Squamata: Ophidia: Viperidae: Crotalinae) at Tula Exotarium]. (In Russian). Nauchnye Issledovaniya v Zoologicheskikh Parkakh 28: 38-43.

Toriba, M.; Moriguchi, H.; Sawai, Y. 1980. Captive breeding of the mangrove viper, Trimeresurus p. purpureomaculatus. Japanese Journal of Herpetology 8(4): 140.

Werner, F. 1926. Neue oder wenig bekannte Schlangen aus dem Wiener naturhistorischen Staatsmuseum. 3. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Berlin 135: 243-257.

Whitaker, R. 1978. Birth record of the Andaman pit viper (Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 75(1): 233.

Trimeresurus rubeus

Malhotra, A.; Thorpe, R.S.; Mrinalini; Stuart, B.L. 2011. Two new species of pitviper of the genus Cryptelytrops Cope 1860 (Squamata: Viperidae: Crotalinae) from Southeast Asia. Zootaxa 2757: 1-23.

Trimeresurus septentrionalis

Singh, A.; Puri, K.; Joshi, R. 2017. New distributional records for the Himalayan White-lipped Pitviper, Trimeresurus septentrionalis Kramer 1977 (Reptilia: Viperidae) from the Garhwal Himalaya in northwestern India. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 24(3): 197 200.

Trimeresurus venustus

Chan, K.O.; Grismer, L.L.; Anuar, S.; Quah, E.; Grismer, J.L.; Wood, P.L.; Muin, M.A.; Ahmad, N. 2011. A new species of Chiromantis Peters 1854 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Perlis State Park in extreme northern Peninsular Malaysia with additional herpetofaunal records for the park. Russian Journal of Herpetology 18(4): 253-259.

David, P.; Vogel, G.; Sumontha, M.; Pauwels, O.S.G.; Chanhome, L. 2004. Expanded description of the poorly known pitviper Trimeresurus kanburiensis Smith, 1943, with confirmation of the validity of Trimeresurus venustus Vogel, 1991 (Reptilia: Serpentes: Crotalidae). Russian Journal of Herpetology 11(2): 81-90.

Gumprecht, A. 2001. Die Bambusottern der Gattung Trimeresurus Lacepede. IV. Checkliste der Trimesurus-Arten Thailands. Sauria (Berlin) 23(2): 25-32.

Malhotra, A.; Thorpe, R.S. 2004. Reassessment of the validity and diagnosis of the pitviper Trimeresurus venustus Vogel, 1991. Herpetological Journal 14(1): 21-33.

Vogel, G. 1991. Eine neue Trimeresurus-Art aus Thailand, Trimeresurus venustus sp. nov. (Reptilia: Serpentes: Crotalidae). Sauria (Berlin) 13(1): 23-28.