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Taxonomy of the genus Testudo Biodiversity of the family Testudinidae

Bibliography of the genus
Testudo (Palearctic Tortoises)

(Reptilia: Testudines: Testudinidae)

Note: In order to limit redundancy, relevant literature indexed in the related bibliographies in the left column may not have been included in this page. For a comprehensive search of literature, these bibliographies should therefore also be consulted.


Testudo in general

Anonymous. 1969. Fewer tortoises in Britain. Nature (London) 223: 1302-1303.

Anonymous. 1981. Villas, villagers and tortoises in Greece. Oryx 16(2): 176-178.

Anonymous. 2004. [Testudo]. Manouria 7(22): 1-52.

Anonymous. 2006. La maintenance exterieure des tortues terrestres mediterraneennes. Manouria 9(31): 13-17.

Anonymous. 2006. L'alimentation des tortues terrestres meditaerranees. Manouria 9(31): 5-9.

Anonymous. 2006. L'incubation des oeufs de tortues terrestres mediterraneennes. Manouria 9(31): 10-12.

Anonymous. 2008. Enfants turcs jouant avec une tortue. Cheloniens 9: 53.

Anonymous. 2013. [Great response by an organization to abandonments in the Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur region: Refuge LTS]. (In French). Cheloniens 29: 4-9.

Anonymous. 2013. [Tortoises in Bordeaux]. (In French). Cheloniens 29: 42-43.

Anonymous. 2013. Vermehrung und Aufzucht von mediterranen Landschildkröten. Testudo 22(4): 1-4. Four page insert into this issue.

Alderton, D. 1985. The captive care of European tortoises. Herptile 10(2): 45-50.

Allen, R. 1997. Is your tortoise ready for hibernation?. Rephiberary 240: 6-8.

Andrén, C.; Nilson, G. 1983. Tortoises in Antalya, S.W. Turkey. British Herpetological Society Bulletin 6 [1982]: 62-63.

Andréu Jutglas, C.; Pascual Torramade, J. 1978. Informe sobre los reptiles catalogados de especies protegidas en el territorio Español. Boletin de la Estacion Central de Ecologia 7(14): 53-58.

Ballasina, D. 1982. [The tortoise is an endangered species! In one respect the otherwise slow tortoise is moving very quickly - down the road to extinction!]. (In Dutch). Wielewaal 48(4): 155-158.

Ballasina, D. 1992. Report on the repatriation of tortoises to Greece by the Carapax Centre (Italy). British Herpetological Society Bulletin 40: 2-4.

Bender, C.; Henle, K. 2007. Kennzeichnung von Landschildkröten der Gattung Testudo: Richtlinien für die Fotodokumentation von Jungtieren - Kurzfassung. Elaphe 15(1): 51-54.

Berorelle, G.; Goutner, V.; Livoreil, B.; Mazzotti, S. 2007. Genetische Studien an Westlichen Landschildkröten Schlussfolgerungen für Arten- und Populationsschutz. Marginata 15: 48-53.

Beshkov, V.A. 1984. On the distribution, relative abundance and protection of tortoises in Bulgaria. Ekologiya (Sofia) 14: 14-34.

Biaggini, M.; Romano, A.; Tizio, L. di; Corti, C. 2018. Density and sex-ratio of wild populations of three Testudo species in Italy. Herpetozoa 30(3-4): 203-208.

Biaggini, M.; Romano, A.; Tizio, L. di; Corti, C. 2018. Density and sex-ratio of wild populations of three Testudo species in Italy. Herpetozoa 30(3-4): 203-208.

Bidmon, H.J. 2006. Die Aufzucht und Ernährung Europäischer Landschildkröten - Grundlagen und Rezepte, Futtermittel und Zusatzstoffe. Schildkröten im Fokus (Sonderband) 2006: 117-136.

Bidmon, H.J. 2011. Schildkrötenschutz am Südostrand Europas: ein Besuch zur Eröffnung der GEA Chelonia Foundation, Bulgarien. Schildkröten im Fokus 8(2): 3-21.

Bour, R. 1988. Caracteres diagnostiques offerts par le crane des tortues terrestres du genre Testudo. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Marseille 48: 13-19.

Bour, R. 2006. Eurotestudo: pourquoi et comment. Cheloniens 4: 42-45.

Bour, R.; Ohler, A.M. 2008. Chersine Merrem, 1820, and Chersina Gray, 1831: a nomenclatural survey. Zootaxa 1752: 66-68.

Broin, F.L. de; Bour, R.; Parham, J.F.; Perälä, J. 2006. Eurotestudo, a new genus for the species Testudo hermanni Gmelin, 1789 (Chelonii, Testudinidae). Comptes Rendus Palevol 5(6): 803-811.

Broin, F.L. de; Bour, R.; Perälä, J. 2006. Morphological definition of Eurotestudo (Testudinidae, Chelonii): First part. Annales de Paleontologie 92(3): 255-304.

Broin, F.L. de; Bour, R.; Perälä, J. 2006. Morphological definition of Eurotestudo (Testudinidae, Chelonii): second part. Annales de Paleontologie 92(4): 325-357.

Buchert, P. 2007. Die naturnahe Freilandanlage zur artgerechten Haltung mediterraner Landschildkröten. Draco 8(4) (32): 35-41.

Buchert, P. 2013. Grenzen setzen mit Verstand. Die Einfriedung einer Freianlage für europäische Landschildkröten. Terraria-Elaphe 2013(40): 82-87.

Burki, L.; Repond, J.C. 1998. Garriguella, centre de reproduction des tortues de l'Albera (Espagne). Manouria 1(2): 8-9.

Carapassion, A.; Carapassion, F. 2006. Influence de l'hibernation sur le taux de mortalite des juveniles Testudo et Eurotestudo. Cheloniens 2: 40-42.

Chatfield, J. 1982. Timothy tortoise of Selbourne. British Herpetological Society Bulletin 5: 31-32.

Chkhikvadze, V.M. 1970. On the origin of the modern Palaearctic land tortoises. Soobshcheniya Akademii Nauk Gruzinskoi SSR 57: 245-247.

Chkhikvadze, V.M. 2010. [Morphology, phylogeny, systematics and taxonomy of small tortoises of Palearctica and Africa]. (In Russian). pp. 233-245. In: Duisebayeva, T.N.; Zima, I.A. & Chirikova, M.A. (eds.). Gerpetologicheskie Issledovaniya v Kazakhstane i sopredelnykh stranakh [Herpetological researches in Kazakhstan and adjacent countries]. ASBK & SOPKI, Almaty. 255 pp. (In Russian).

Chkhikvadze, V.M.; Brushko, Z.K.; Kubykin, R.A. 2009. [Short summary of systematic of Central Asian turtles (Testudinidae: Agrionemys) and mobile shell zones of this group of turtles]. (In Russian). Selevinia 2008: 108-112.

Collins, P.W.P. 1980. The captive breeding of Mediterranean tortoises in Britain. pp. 21-36. In: Townson, S., Millichamp, N.J., Lucas, D.G.D. & Millwood, A.J. (eds.). The care and breeding of captive reptiles. British Herpetological Society, London. 98 pp.

Coutard, C. 2007. Identifier sa tortue terrestre mediterraneenne. Manouria 10(36): 5-11.

Daubner, M.; Vinke, T. (eds.) 2006. Testudo - häufig gehaltene Arten. Schildkröten im Fokus (Sonderband) 2006: 1-157.

Delvaux, C. 2010. Construire une table d'elevage pour Testudo. Cheloniens 17: 8-11.

Delvaux, C. 2011. Construire une butte de ponce pour les tortues du genre Testudo. Cheloniens 21: 6-7.

Delvaux, C. 2011. Extrapolation des conditions de vie "in natura" a celles de nos enclos pour les especes de Testudo: T. hermanni, T. boettgeri et T. marginata. Cheloniens 22: 16-21.

Delvaux, C. 2014. Les tortues terrestre du Nord-Est de la Grèce, Testudo boettgeri. Cheloniens 36: 8-16.

Dennert, C. 1999. Ernährung Europäischer Landschildkröten. Teil 1. Reptilia (D) 4(17): 32-39.

Dennert, C. 1999. Ernährung europäischer Landschildkröten. Teil 2. Reptilia (D) 4(18): 51-58.

Devaux, B. 2004. Wildfires and tortose conservation in Provence. Radiata (English edition) 13(4): 23-29.

Dieckmann, M. 2016. Foto-Exkursion durch die Plaines de Maures: Frankreichs Schildkröten un deren Begleitherpetofauna. Schildkröten im Fokus 13(2): 16-21.

Ducotterd, J.M. 1996. Maintenance des tortues terrestres europeenes: les serres de jardins. CITS Bulletin 6: 15-18.

Eggenschwiler, U. 1998. Frühjahrserwachen europäischer Landschildkröten. Schildkröte 1(1): 52-54.

Evans, P. 1979. Breeding Mediterranean tortoises in an English garden. British Herpetological Society Newsletter 20: 16.

Evans, P. 1983. Two generations of captive-bred tortoises. Rephiberary 73: 3.

Fehr, A. 2013. Zur artgerechten Haltung Europäischer Landschildkröten un ihrer Gesundheitsvorsorge und alternativemedizinischen Behandlung. Schildkröten im Fokus 10(3): 17-34.

Fenwick, H. 2002. Hibernation of Mediterranean tortoises. Testudo 5(4): 25-30.

Flower, S.S. 1926. Species of land tortoises of the genus Testudo found in the countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea. Copeia 1926(154): 133.

Friesleber, P. 2005. Überwinterung von Europäischen Landschildkröten im Freigehege - ein Erfahrungsbericht. Schildkröten im Fokus 2(4): 27-32.

Friesleber, P. 2008. Einfache Massnahmen zur Unterstützung der Eiablage während einer Schlechtwetterphase. Schildkröten im Fokus 5(3): 35.

Fritz, U.; Bininda-Emonds, O.R.P. 2008. When genes meet nomenclature: Tortoise phylogeny and the shifting generic concepts of Testudo and Geochelone (vol 110, p. 298, 2007). Zoology (Jena) 111(1): 84.

Fritz, U.; Kraus, O. 2008. Comments on "Chersine Merrem, 1820 and Chersina Gray, 1831: a nomenclatural survey by Bour & Ohler, Zootaxa, 1752: 66-68". Zootaxa 1893: 65-68.

Geier, T. 2007. Strukturierung von Freilandgehegen mit Kalksteinen für Europäische Landschildkröten. Schildkröten im Fokus 4(2): 26-29.

Geier, T. 2012. [Wintering European tortoises]. (In German). Marginata 36: 42-53.

Geier, T. 2014. Auf Landschildkrötensuche in Bulgarien. Marginata 44: ?

Gmira, S. 1994. Nouvelles donnees sur les especes actuelles de Testudo (Chelonii, Testudinidae). Bulletin de la Societe Herpetologique de France 65-66 [1993]: 49-56.

Gray, J.E. 1866. Notes on some young specimens of Tortoises (Testudo). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1866: 305-306.

Hailey, A. 1989. New threat to Alyki tortoises. British Herpetological Society Bulletin 30: 2-3.

Hailey, A. 1989. New threat to Alyki tortoises. Herpetofauna News 2(1): 4.

Hailey, A.; Goutner, V. 1991. Villas, villagers and tortoises in Greece - a sequel. Oryx 25(3): 169-171.

Hailey, A.; Loumbourdis, N.S. 1988. Egg size and shape, clutch dynamics, and reproductive effort in European tortoises. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66(7): 1527-1536.

Hailey, A.; Willemsen, R.E. 2003. Changes in the status of tortoise populations in Greece 1984-2001. Biodiversity and Conservation 12(5): 991-1011.

Harcourt Brown, F. 1997. The effects of captivity on tortoise behaviour. Testudo 4(4): 19-25.

Hennen, U. 2000. Optimierung von Freilandanlagen für Europäische Landschildkröten. Radiata 9(1): 9-16.

Hennen, U. 2006. Europäische Landschildkröten - Lebensräume im Vergleich. Schildkröten im Fokus (Sonderband) 2006: 49-58.

Hennen, U. 2010. Die ideale Freilandanlage für Europäische Landschildkröten. Schildkröten im Fokus 7(1): 23-29.

Hennig, A.S. 2017. Faszination Testudo. Marginata 55: ?

Heron, K. 1968. Tortoises in a French garden. International Turtle and Tortoise Society Journal 2(1): 18-19, 30-33, 39-40.

Hersche, H. 1998. Schutzhaus für mediterrane Schildkröten. Schildkröte 1(3): 48-53.

Highfield, A. 1990. New record size for north African Testudo. British Herpetological Society Bulletin 31: 29-30.

Highfield, A. 1990. Notes on skeletal and carapace deformity in captive-bred tortoises, (genus Testudo) related to diet with observations on the use of vitamin and mineral supplements. Herptile 15(3): 94, 110-113.

Highfield, A. 1990. Tortoises of North Africa; taxonomy, nomenclature, phylogeny and evolution with notes on field studies in Tunisia. Journal of Chelonian Herpetology 1(2): 1-56.

Highfield, A. 1993. An effective method of artificial incubation for Mediterranean tortoise eggs. Vivarium (Lakeside) 5(1): 15-17.

Highfield, A.C. 1989. Revision of taxonomic status and nomenclature, genus, Testudo. Rephiberary 141: 2 pp.

Highfield, A.C. 1989. Taxonomic diagnostic characters of tortoises (1): observations on the taxonomic significance of the division of the supracaudal scute in Testudo. British Herpetological Society Bulletin 30: 14-18.

Highfield, A.C.; Martin, J. 1989. A revision of the Testudines of north Africa, Asia and Europe. Genus: Testudo. Journal of Chelonian Herpetology 1(1): 1-12.

Holfert, H.; Holfert, T. 1999. Europäische Landschildkröten im Freilandterrarium. Langjährige Erfahrungen mit Haltung und Vermehrung. Reptilia (D) 4(17): 24-31.

Kirsche, W. 1979. The housing and regular breeding of Mediterranean tortoises Testudo spp. in captivity. International Zoo Yearbook 19: 42-49.

Knappe, G. 2011. Vermehrung Europäischer Landschildkröten, Bebrütung der Eier und anmerkungen zur Anzucht der Schlüpflinge - meine Methode. Schildkröten im Fokus 8(2): 24-34.

Krieger, D.; Krieger, F. 1995. Observations sur la coissance des jeunes tortues terrestres. CITS Bulletin 4: 19-21.

Krueger, E. 2008. Feuchte Wurzelhöhlen für Schlüpflinge. Radiata 17(2): 14-18.

Kundert, S. 2007. L'hibernation des tortues terrestres europeennes du genre Testudo. Cheloniens 8: 16-21.

Kuyl, A.C. van der; Ballasina, D.; Dekker, J.T.; Maas, J.; Willemsen, R.E.; Goudsmit, J. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships among the species of the genus Testudo (Testudines: Testudinidae) inferred from mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 22(2): 174-183.

Lambert, M. 1988. Natural bioclimatic range and the growth of captive bred Mediterranean Testudo L. in northern Europe: implications for conservation farming. British Herpetological Society Bulletin 24: 6-7.

Lambert, M. 1990. Les valences bioclimatiques des Testudo L. mediterraneennes excluent leur survie en Europe du nord. Bulletin de la Societe Herpetologique de France 53: 52-53.

Lambert, M.R.K. 1977. Mediterranean tortoises and captive breeding as a tool for their conservation in the wild. British Herpetological Society Newsletter 16: 21-23.

Lambert, M.R.K. 1979. Trade and the Mediterranean tortoises. Oryx 15(1): 81-82.

Lambert, M.R.K. 1984. Threats to Mediterranean (west Palaearctic) tortoises and their effects on wild populations: an overview. Amphibia-Reptilia 5(1): 5-15.

Lambert, M.R.K. 1986. On growth of captive-bred Mediterranean Testudo in N. Europe. pp. 309-314. In: Rocek, Z. (ed.). Studies in herpetology. Proceedings of the European herpetological meeting (3rd ordinary general meeting of the Societas Europaea Herpetologica), Prague 1985. Charles University, Prague. 754 pp.

Lawrence, K. 1988. Some aspects of the biology of captive Mediterranean tortoises. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Kent: 477pp.

Lawton, M.P.C. 1997. Common ophthalmic problems seen in Chelonia. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Reptilian & Amphibian Veterinarians 4: 175-178.

Leyvraz, J. 1997. Problemes lies a l'hibernation. Reflets de la conference du Dr. Willy Haffeli du 27.10.1995. CITS Bulletin 8: 18-20.

Lostakova, H.; Knoz, J.; Hanak, F. 1977. Notes on food habits in testudinid turtles (Chelonia: Testudo). Scripta Facultatis Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Purkynianae Brunensis 9(2): 79-84.

Maran, J.; Turbin, A. 2007. L'hibernation en captivite des jeunes tortues terrestres mediterraneennes. Cheloniens 7: 12-19.

Massana, J.S.; Silvestre, M. 1999. Europäische Landschildkröten. Reptilia (D) 4(17): 18-23.

Mayer, R. 1992. Europäische Landschildkröten. Leben - Haltung - Zucht von Testudo hermanni, Testudo graeca, Testudo marginata, Agrionemys horsfieldi. Ava Agrar-Verlag, Allgau. 127 pp.

Mertens, R. 1949. Medaestia Wussow 1916, a synonym of Testudo Linnaeus 1758. Copeia 1949(3): 232.

Meyer de Rojas, G. 2017. Die Überwinterung von Europäischen Landschildkröten. 50 Fragen – 50 Antworten. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main. 90 pp.

Mikuliciek, P.; Jandzik, D.; Fritz, U.; Schneider, C.; Siroky, P. 2013. AFLP analysis shows high incongruence between genetic differentiation and morphology-based taxonomy in a widely distributed tortoise. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 108(1): 151-160.

Mischke, C.; Mischke, R. 2015. Das Leiden einer Landschildkröte. Schildkröten im Fokus 12(3): 24-26.

Obst, F.J.; Ambrosius, H. 1971. Taxonomische Studien an europäischen Landschildkröten (Reptilia: Testudinidae) mit serologisch-immunologischen Methoden. Zool. Abh. st. Mus. Tierk. Dresden 30: 297-331.

Obst, F.J.; Meusel, W. 1963. Die Landschildkröten Europas. A. Ziemsen Verlag, Wittenberg Lutherstadt. 52 pp.

Palmer, T. 1992. An alternative hibernation system for European tortoises. ASRA (Association for the Study of Reptilia and Amphibia) Monographs 2(2): 62-70.

Parenzan, P. 1932. Revisione delle specie del gen. Testudo della Balcania. Atti Ist. Veneto. 16: 1149-1169.

Parham, J.F.; Macey, J.R.; Papenfuss, T.J.; Feldman, C.R.; Türkozan, O.; Polymeni, R.; Boore, J. 2006. The phylogeny of Mediterranean tortoises and their close relatives based on complete mitochondrial genome sequences from museum specimens. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 38(1): 50-64.

Paull, R.C. 2005. Mediterranean tortoises, natural history and husbandry. The entire genus Testudo. All species from Europe, Asia Minor to Central Asia, and North Africa. Publisher unknown, Sumterville. 116 pp.

Perälä, J. 2004. Tortoise systematics: A critique of a recent paper by van der Kuyl et al. (2002). Herpetological Journal 14(1): 51-53.

Pieh, A.; Perälä, J. 2001. Eine ungewöhnliche Landschildkröte des Testudo graeca-Komplexes aus Krasnowodsk (Turkmenien) (Testudines: Testudinidae). Herpetozoa 14(1-2): 65-73.

Pieh, A.; Philippen, H.D. 2007. Mediterrane Landschildkröten. Draco 8(4) (32): 4-34.

Prestreau, J. 2001. Alimentation naturelle et equilibree pour les tortues terrestres mediterraneennes. Manouria 4(13): 10-15.

Pursall, B. 1994. Mediterranean tortoises. T.f.h. Publications, Inc., Neptune: 1-95.

Reid, D.B. 1982. Feeding juvenile tortoises (genus: Testudo). Rephiberary 61: 1-2.

Rohr, W. 1970. Die Bedeutung des Wärmefaktors für Fortpflanzungsperiodik und Eiablageverhalten südeuropäischer Landschildkröten im Terrarium. Salamandra 6(3-4): 99-103.

Schleich, H.H. 1984. Brief abstract on wildlife observations on tortoises (Geochelone, Testudo) and their significance for the paleochelonology. Studia Geologica Salmanticensia Volumen Especial 1: 235-238.

Schleich, H.H. 1989. Merkmalsausbildungen an Landschildkröten in Nordost-Libyen (Testudines: Testudinidae). Herpetozoa 1(3-4): 97-108.

Schleich, H.H.; Gassner, P. 1994. Multiple Eischalenbildung bei Testudo (Reptilia: Testudines, Testudinidae). Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 173: 315-323.

Schneider, T. 2006. Schildkröten im geschützten "Anbau"?! Schildkröten im Fokus (Sonderband) 2006: 83-90.

Schurmann, A. 1987. Nummernschild für Landschildkröten. Kosmos (Stuttgart) 83(12): 60-64.

Schweiger, M. 2003. Beobachtungen an verschiedenen Populationen der Maurischen Landschildkröte aus dem Testudo graeca-Komplex in der Türkei. 2. ÖGH-Aktuell 12: 4-6.

Schweiger, M. 2003. Beobachtungen an verschiedenen Populationen der Maurischen Landschildkröte, Testudo graeca in der Türkei. ÖGH-Aktuell 11: 4-6.

Sellmeier, H.D. 1977. Landschilkröten der Gattung Testudo. Herkunft und Eingewöhnung. Aquarienfreund 6(5): 83-86.

Seurat, L.G. 1925. Un monstre double de jeune tortue terrestre. Bull. Soc. hist. nat. Alger 16: 47.

Siebenrock, F. 1906. Zur Kenntnis der mediterranen Testudo-Arten und über ihre Verbreitung in Europa. Zoologischer Anzeiger 30: 847-854.

Sims, J. 1987. Breeding European tortoises. Aquarist and Pondkeeper 52(5): 14,16,18.

Sims, J.C.F. 1987. European tortoises. ASRA (Association for the Study of Reptilia and Amphibia) Monographs 2(1): 16-27.

Soler Massana, J.; Martinez Silvestre, A. 2005. La Tortuga Mediterrania a Catalunya. Agulla de Cultura Popular, Tarragona. 200 pp.

Sqalli-Houssaini, H.; Blanc, C.P. 1989. Genetic variability of four species of the genus Testudo (Linnaeus, 1758). Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 37(1): 1¯12.

Sqalli-Houssaini, H.; Blanc, C.P. 1990. Genetic variability of four species of the genus Testudo (Linnaeus, 1758). Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 37: 1-12.

Stemmler-Gyger, O. 1963. Ein Beitrag zur Brutbiologie der mediterranen Landschildkröten. DATZ (Die Aquarien- und Terrarien-Zeitschrift) 16: 180-183.

Stubbs, D.; Hailey, A.; Pulford, E.; Tyler, W. 1984. Population ecology of European tortoises: review of field techniques. Amphibia-Reptilia 5(1): 57-68.

Takas, Z. 1987. Exploitation of tortoises in eastern Europe. British Herpetological Society Bulletin 19: 27-28.

The editors of Draco. 2000. Mediterrane Landschildkröten. Draco 1(2): 1-94.

The editors of Draco. 2007. Mediterrane Landschildkröten. Draco 8(32): 1-79.

Tippmann, H. 2000. Die Europäischen und mediterranen Landschildkröten der Gattung Testudo und ihre Nachzucht. pp. 9-20. In: Artner, H.; Meier, E. (eds.). Schildkröten. Grosses Schildkrötensymposium. 5. Jahrestagung der Schildkrötenfreunde Österreich. Salzburg, 16. bis 19. Jänner 1997. Natur und Tier-Verlag, Münster. 181 pp.

Trapp, B. 2014. Europäische Landschildkröten in der Natur beobachten. Marginata 44: ?

Türkozan, O.; Kiremit, F. 2007. Testudo trade in Turkey. Applied Herpetology 4(1): 31-37.

Türkozan, O.; Ozdemir, A.; Kiremit, F. 2008. International Testudo trade. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 7(2): 269-274.

Vasilyev, V.A.; Korsunenko, A.V.; Pereshkolnik, S.L.; Mazanaeva, L.F.; Bannikova, A.A.; Bondarenko, D.A.; Peregontsev, E.A.; Semyenova, S.K. 2014. Differentiation of tortoises of the genera Testudo and Agrionemys (Testudinidae) based on the polymorphism of nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Russian Journal of Genetics 50(10): 1060-1074.

Vinke, T.; Vinke, S. 2006. Die Vermehrung Europäischer Landschildkröten - Voraussetzungen, mögliche Schwierigkeiten und Lösungen. Schildkröten im Fokus (Sonderband) 2006: 103-116.

Vinke, T.; Vinke, S. 2006. Konkurrierende Modelle der wissenschaftlichen Systematik - oder Eurotestudo und Agrionemys contra Testudo. Schildkröten im Fokus (Sonderband) 2006: 9-12.

Vinke, T.; Vinke, S. 2006. Nach der Winterstarre ist vor der Winterstarre! Schildkröten im Fokus (Sonderband) 2006: 69-82.

Vinke, T.; Vinke, S. 2013. [Testudo keeping as initial impetus for research]. (In German). Schildkröten im Fokus 10(1): 35.

Virchow, H. 1927. Über das Hinterbein von Testudo, nach form aufgestellt. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu B 1926: 24.

Watson, G.E. 1962. Notes on copulation and distribution in Aegean land tortoises. Copeia 1962: 317-321.

Wegehaupt, W. 2011. Die Ernährung Europäischer Landschildkröten in der freien Wildbahn. Marginata 30: 52-57.

Wegehaupt, W. 2012. Die Ur-Macchia der Primärlebensraum der europäischen Landschildkröten. Testudo (SIGS) 21(4): 5-17.

Werner, Y.L. 2009. How not to write in defense of threatened tortoises. Journal of Threatened Taxa 1(9): 471-473.

Willemsen, R.E.; Hailey, A. 1989. Status and conservation of tortoises in Greece. Herpetological Journal 1(8): 315-330.

Willemsen, R.E.; Hailey, A. 2002. Body mass condition in Greek tortoises: regional and interspecific variation. Herpetological Journal 12(3): 105-114.

Willemsen, R.E.; Hailey, A.; Longepierre, S.; Grenot, C. 2002. Body mass condition and management of captive European tortoises. Herpetological Journal 12(3): 115-121.

Willig, S. 2006. Modell einer ganzjährigen naturnahen Freilandhaltung von Europäischen Landschildkröten im Norden Deutschlands. Schildkröten im Fokus (Sonderband) 2006: 13-26.

Wilms, T.; Loehr, B. 2007. Bau und Betrieb eines Kleingewächshauses zur Haltung mediterraner Landschildkröten. Draco 8(4) (32): 42-46.

Wirth, M. 2012. [European tortoises in winter]. Elaphe 1(1): 76-83.

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Testudo kleinmanni

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Attum, O.; Baha el Din, S.M.; Carranza, S.; Earley, R.; Arnold, E.N.; Kingsbury, B. 2007. An evaluation of the taxonomic validity of Testudo werneri. Amphibia-Reptilia 28(3): 393-401.

Attum, O.; Esawy, M.M.; Farag, W.E.; Gad, A.E.; Baha el Din, S.M.; Kingsbury, B. 2007. Returning them back to the wild: movement patterns of repatriated Egyptian tortoises, Testudo kleinmanni Lortet, 1883 (Sauropsida: Testudinidae). Zoology in the Middle East 41: 35-40.

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Attum, O.; Rabea, B.; Duffy, K.; Baha el Din, S.M. 2011. Testing the reliability of ring counts for age determination in the Egyptian tortoise (Testudo kleinmanni). Herpetological Journal 21(3): 209-211.

Attum, O.; Rabea, B.; Osman, S.; Habinan, S.; Baha el Din, S.M.; Kingsbury, B. 2008. Conserving and studying tortoises: a local community visual-tracking or radio-tracking approach? Journal of Arid Environments 72(5): 671-676.

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Dathe, F. 2003. Pflege und Vermehrung der Ägyptischen Landschildkröte Testudo kleinmanni (Lortet, 1883), im Tierpark Berlin-Friedrichsfelde. Milu 11(2): 156-169.

Dathe, F. 2009. Nachtrag zur Haltung von Ägyptischen Landschildkröten, Testudo kleinmanni (Lortet, 1883), im Tierpark Berlin. Milu 12(5): 488-496.

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Devaux, B. 1997. Testudo kleinmanni. Die scheue Schönheit. Reptilia (D) 2(5): 43-51.

Dworschak, C. 2018. Testudo kleinmanni. Meine Erfahrungen mit der Haltung der Ägyptischen Landschildkröte. Kleintierverlag Thorsten Geier, Biebertal. 103 pp.

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Testudo marginata

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Artner, H. 1998. Haltung und Nachzucht der Breitrandschildkröte Testudo marginata Schöpff 1792 nebst Beobachtungen im natürlichen Lebnesraum. Emys 5(4): 5-24.

Artner, H. 2000. Beobachtungen an der Zwerg-Breitrandschildkröte Testudo weissingeri Bour, 1996 in Messenien (Griechenland) und Diskussion über die Validität ihres Artstatus. pp. 34-38. In: Artner, H.; Meier, E. (eds.). Schildkröten. Grosses Schildkrötensymposium. 5. Jahrestagung der Schildkrötenfreunde Österreich. Salzburg, 16. bis 19. Jänner 1997. Natur und Tier-Verlag, Münster. 181 pp.

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Ballasina, D. 1995. Distribuzione e situazione delle tartarughe terrestri in Italia. pp. 147-160. In: Ballasina, D. (ed.). Red data book on Mediterranean chelonians. Edagriole-Editioni Agricole, Bologna. 190 pp.

Belcheva, R.G.; Sofianidou, T.S.; Psallidas, V.K. 1990. A karyological study of the tortoise Testudo marginata. Amphibia-Reptilia 11(2): 185-204.

Bour, R. 1995. Une nouvelle espece de tortue terrestre dans le Peloponnese (Grece). Dumerilia 2: 23-54.

Bringsoe, H. 1986. A check-list of Peloponnesian amphibians and reptiles, including new records from Greece. Annales Musei Goulandris 7: 271-318.

Bringsøe, H. 2002. Bredrandede landskildpadder, Testudo marginata, direkte udsat for streng frost i Grækenland. [Marginated tortoise, Testudo marginata, directly exposed to a severe frost in Greece]. (In Danish, English summary). Nordisk Herpetologisk Forening 45(3): 83-91.

Bringsøe, H.; Buskirk, J.R.; Willemsen, R.E. 2001. Testudo marginata - Breitrandschildkröte. pp. 291-334. In: Fritz, U. (ed.). Handbuch der Reptilien und Amphibien Europas. Band 3/IIIA. Schildkröten (Testudines) I (Bataguridae, Testudinidae, Emydidae). AULA-Verlag, Wiebelsheim. 594 pp.

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Burki, L.; Repond, J.C. 1994. Testudo marginata Schöpff 1792. Premiere partie. CITS Bulletin 3: 17-22.

Burki, L.; Repond, J.C. 1995. Testudo marginata Schöpff 1792. Deuxieme partie. CITS Bulletin 4: 25-29.

Cattaneo, A. 1985. Reperti erpetologici nelle Cicladi occidentali: Testudo marginata a Milos, Hemidactylus turcicus ed Elaphe situla a Sifnos (Reptilia). Natura (Milano) 75(1-4) [1984]: 75-78.

Cattaneo, A. 1997. L'erpetofauna dell'isola greca di Skiathos (Sporadi settentrionali). Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 136(2): 145-156.

Chondropoulos, B.; Chiras, G. 1997. Geographic distribution: Testudo marginata (Marginated Tortoise). Herpetological Review 28(4): 209.

Cimatti, E. 2007. Testudo marginata Ein Blick auf Sardinien. Reptilia (D) 12(67): 67-71, 73-76.

Clark, R.J. 1970. A definite record of Testudo marginata Schöpff from the Cyclades, Greece. British Journal of Herpetology 4: 188-189.

Coutard, C. 2006. Note sur la maintenance et la reproduction en captivite de Testudo marginata Schöpff, 1795 et Testudo weissingeri (Bour, 1995). Manouria 9(31): 18-26.

Dimitropoulos, A. 1985. A case of living twins in a single egg of marginated tortoise, (Testudo marginata, Schöpff, 1792) in a clutch taken from the wild. Herptile 10(3): 79-80.

Dimitropoulos, A. 1987. First record of marginated tortoise, Testudo marginata Schöpff, 1972 - from the eastern Aegean. Herptile 12(4): 137-139.

Dinkel, J. 1974. Eine erfolgreiche Nachzucht der Breitrandschildkröte, Testudo marginata Schöpff (Nachtrag). DATZ (Die Aquarien- und Terrarien-Zeitschrift) 27(11): 388-389.

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Eady, B. 1987. Breeding marginated tortoises. Rephiberary 119: 1-2.

Eendebak, B. 2006. Testudo hermanni boettgeri and Testudo marginata, a sustainable breeding program. pp. 531-539. In: Artner, H.; Farkas, B. & Loehr, V. (eds.). Turtles: proceedings: International Turtle & Tortoise Symposium, Vienna 2002. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main. 618 pp.

Ferreres, J.A.; Mas, J.B. 2003. Introducció bibliogràfica sobre l'origen de les poblacions de Testudo marginata (Schöpff, 1795) de la Península Itàlica. Butlletí de la Societat Catalana d’Herpetologia 16: 100-104.

Ferreres, J.A.; Mas, J.B. 2003. Notes sobre la distribució de Testudo marginata (Schöpff, 1795) al nord de l'Illa de Sardenya. Butlletí de la Societat Catalana d’Herpetologia 16: 123-125.

Fritz, U. 2002. Herpetology and herpetological type specimens at the Museum für Tierkunde Dresden with a bibliography of herpetological contributions by Fritz Juergen Obst (Amphibia, Reptilia). Faunistische Abhandlungen (Dresden) 23(1): 3-34.

Fritz, U.; Siroky, P.; Kami, H.G.; Wink, M. 2005. Environmentally caused dwarfism or a valid species - Is Testudo weissingeri Bour, 1996 a distinct evolutionary lineage? New evidence from mitochondrial and nuclear genomic markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37(2): 389-401.

Gemel, R. 1997. Langjährige Gefangenschaftshaltung einer Breitrandschildkröte, Testudo marginata Schöpff, 1792 (Testudines: Testudinidae). Herpetozoa 10(1-2): 91-92.

Heimann, E. 1989. Testudo marginata Schopff. Sauria Supplement (Berlin) 11(2): 35-40.

Heimann, E. 1993. Drei Zwillingspaare bei Testudo marginata. Salamandra 29(3-4): 167-172.

Heinmann, E. 2016. A F3-generation of Marginated Tortoises (Testudo marginata Schoepff, 1792) in captive care. Radiata (English edition) 25(2): 45-50.

Hersche, H. 1998. Die Schildkröten Sardiniens. Teil 2. Schildkröte 1(5): 12-19.

Hersche, H. 2000. Die Aufzucht mediterraner Landschildkröten. Schildkröte 2(1): 52-61.

Hersche, H. 2000. Die Schildkröten Griechenlands. 2. Schildkröte 2(5): 4-17.

Herz, M. 1994. Beobachtungen an Breitrandschildkröten Testudo marginata Schöpff, 1792 in freier Natur. Sauria (Berlin) 16(1): 27-30.

Herz, M. 2006. Die Breitrandschildkröte - Testudo marginata. Natur und Tier-Verlag, Münster. 62 pp.

Herz, M. 2016. Further observations on Marginated Tortoises in Greece. Radiata (English edition) 25(2): 4-15.

Hine, M.L. 1982. Notes on the marginated tortoise (Testudo marginata) in Greece and in captivity. British Herpetological Society Bulletin 5: 35-38.

Jenvey, J. 1982. Observations on Testudo marginata in captivity. British Herpetological Society Bulletin 5: 39-43.

Keymar, P.F.; Weissinger, H. 1987. Distribution, morphological variation and status of Testudo marginata in Greece. pp. 219-222. In: van Gelder, J.J., Strijbosch, H. & Bergers, P.J.M. (eds.). Proceedings of the 4th Ordinary General Meeting of the Societas Europaea Herpetologica. Societas Europaea Herpetologica, Faculty of Sciences, Nijmegen. 473 pp.

Kleiner, M. 1983. Zur Haltung und Zucht von Testudo marginata. Herpetofauna (Weinstadt) 5(23): 12-16.

Kock, D.; Storch, G. 1979. Testudo marginata Schöpff, 1792 auf den Nördlichen Sporaden, Ägäis (Reptilia: Testudines: Testudinidae). Salamandra 15(2): 101-105.

Lantermann, Y.; Lantermann, W. 2014. Breitrandschildkröten (Testudo marginata) auf Sardinien und ihre Gefährdung. Marginata 43: 50-55.

Lawrence, K. 1981. Chelonian stock records. Rephiberary 44: 2-5.

Leone, C.; Hermes, A. 2016. Testudo marginata: care statistics in regions of the United States with notes on the recognition of possible subspecies. Radiata (English edition) 25(2): 16-43.

Lesueur, L. 2002. Maintenance et reproduction en captivite de Testudo marginata. Manouria 5(16): 8-15.

Loumbourdis, N.S.; Kattoulas, M.E. 1983. A northernmost locality for Testudo marginata Schöpff 1792 in Greece (short note). British Journal of Herpetology 6(9): 348-349.

Mahn, M. 1997. Siamesiche Zwillinge bei der Breitrandschildkröte Testudo marginata (Schöpff, 1792). Salamandra 32(4): 259-262.

Mayer, R. 1995. Mischlinge bei europäischen Landschildkröten Testudo marginata x Testudo graeca ibera. DATZ (Die Aquarien- und Terrarien-Zeitschrift) 48(7): 454-455.

Oruci, S. 2010. Data on geographical distribution and habitats of the marginated tortoise (Testudo marginata Schöpff, 1792) in Albania. Natura Montenegrina 9(3): 495-498.

Panagiota, M.; Valakos, E.D. 1992. Contribution to the thermal ecology of Testudo marginata and T. hermanni (Chelonia: Testudinidae) in semi-captivity. Herpetological Journal 2(2): 48-50.

Perälä, J. 2002. Occurrence and taxonomic significance of thigh-spurs in Testudo marginata Schöpff, 1792 and Testudo weissingeri Bour, 1995 (Testudines: Testudinidae). Herpetozoa 14(3-4): 123-126.

Perälä, J. 2003. Nomenclatural validity of the name Testudo weissingeri Bour, 1995. Herpetozoa 17(1-2): 87-88.

Perez, M. 2008. Résumé du thèse: Etudes génétique, morphologique et éco-éthologique de populations de tortues du complexe "Testudo marginata" en Grèce et Sardaigne: existe-t-il plusieurs espèces? Bulletin de la Societe Herpetologique de France 126: 49-50.

Perez, M.; Bour, R.; Lambourdiere, J.; Samadi, S.; Boisselier, M.C. 2006. Isolation and characterization of eight microsatellite loci for the study of gene flow between Testudo marginata and Testudo weissingeri (Testudines: Testudinidae). Molecular Ecology Notes 6(4): 1096-1098.

Pérez, M.; Leblois, R.; Livoreil, B.; Bour, R.; Lambourdiere, J.; Samadi, S.; Boisselier, M.C. 2012. Effects of landscape features and demographic history on the genetic structure of Testudo marginata populations in the southern Peloponnese and Sardinia. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 105(3): 591-606.

Philippen, H.D. 2006. Albino-Breitrandschildkröte (Testudo marginata) auf Sardinien gefunden. Marginata 8: 43.

Philippen, H.D. 2012. [The marginated tortoise Testudo marginata weissingeri Bour, 1995]. (In German). Marginata 34: 31-34.

Reischutz, P.L. 1989. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Verbreitung der Breitrandschildkröte (Testudo marginata Schöpff) (Reptilia, Testudines: Testudinidae). Faunistische Abhandlungen (Dresden) 17(1): 96.

Reynolds, P.L. 1984. An enquiry regarding the distribution of Testudo marginata on mainland Greece. British Herpetological Society Bulletin 10: 37-38.

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Rogner, M. 2010. Testudo marginata Breitrandschildkröte - Verbreitung, Lebensraum, Haltung, Vermehrung. DATZ (Die Aquarien- und Terrarien-Zeitschrift) 63(10): 60-65.

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