Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk).
Latest update: December 31st, 2022.
 
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Genus
Xiphosurus
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Sword-tail Giant Anoles
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Schwertschwanz-Anolis
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Sværdhaleanoler
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1826 |  |
Xiphosurus Fitzinger (type species: Anolis cuvieri Merrem 1820) |
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1843 | |
Semiurus Fitzinger (type species: Anolis cuvieri Merrem 1820; syn. Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012) |
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1885 | |
Chamaeleolis Boulenger (type species: Anolis chamaeleonides Dumeril & Bibron 1837; syn. Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012) |
Contents:
14 species, of which 13 (92.9%) are endemic.
Endemism: 0%  100%
Other common names:
Chamaeleolis: Bearded Anoles, Crested Anoles, False Chameleons
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of
Anolis (e.g., Savage & Guyer 1991). Revalidated by Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage (2012).
Distribution:
Cuba,
(incl.
Isla de la Juventud),
Dominican Republic,
Haiti,
Puerto Rico.
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Xiphosurus agueroi
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Cabo Cruz Bearded Anole
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Cabo-Cruz-Bartanolis
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Cabo Cruz-skæganole
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1998 | |
Chamaeleolis agueroi Días, Navarro & Garrido |
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Anolis agueroi Powell & Henderson 1999 |
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Xiphosurus agueroi Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
Distribution:
Cuba.
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Xiphosurus baleatus
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Dominica Giant Anole
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Dominica-Riesenanolis
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Dominica-kæmpeanole
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1864 | |
Eupristis baleatus Cope |
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Anolis ricordii baleatus Mertens 1939 |
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Anolis baleatus Schwartz 1974 |
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Semiurus baleatus Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus baleatus Savage & Guyer 1991 (by implication) |
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1974 | |
Anolis baleatus caeruleolatus Schwartz |
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Xiphosurus baleatus caeruleolatus Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
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1974 | |
Anolis baleatus fraudator Schwartz |
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Semiurus baleatus fraudator Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus baleatus fraudator Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
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1974 | |
Anolis baleatus litorisilva Schwartz |
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Semiurus baleatus litorisilva Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus baleatus litorisilva Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
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1974 | |
Anolis baleatus multistruppus Schwartz |
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Semiurus baleatus multistruppus Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus baleatus multistruppus Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
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1974 | |
Anolis baleatus samanae Schwartz |
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Semiurus baleatus samanae Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus baleatus samanae Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
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1974 | |
Anolis baleatus scelestus Schwartz |
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Semiurus baleatus scelestus Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus baleatus scelestus Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
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1974 | |
Anolis baleatus sublimis Schwartz |
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Semiurus baleatus sublimis Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus baleatus sublimis Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
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1975 | |
Anolis baleatus altager Schwartz |
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Semiurus baleatus altager Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus baleatus altager Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
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1978 | |
Anolis baleatus lineatacervix Schwartz |
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Semiurus baleatus lineatacervix Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus baleatus lineatacervix Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
Introduced to:
Surinam.
Distribution:
Dominican Republic.
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Xiphosurus barahonae
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Barahona Giant Anole
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Barahona-Riesenanolis
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Barahona-kæmpeanole
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1962 | |
Anolis ricordii barahonae Williams |
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Anolis barahonae Schwartz 1974 |
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Semiurus barahonae Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus barahonae Savage & Guyer 1991 (by implication) |
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1974 | |
Anolis barahonae albocellatus Schwartz |
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Semiurus barahonae albocellatus Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus barahonae albocellatus Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
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1980 | |
Anolis barahonae ininquinatus Cullom & Schwartz |
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Semiurus barahonae ininquinatus Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus barahonae iminquinatus [sic] Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
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1980 | |
Anolis barahonae mulitus Cullom & Schwartz |
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Semiurus barahonae mulitus Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus barahonae mulitus Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
Distribution:
Dominican Republic.
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Xiphosurus barbatus
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Western Bearded Anole
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Westlicher Bartanolis
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Vestlig Skæganole
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1982 | |
Chamaeleolis barbatus Garrido |
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Anolis barbatus Hass, Hedges & Maxson 1993 |
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Xiphosurus barbatus Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
Distribution:
Cuba.
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Xiphosurus chamaeleonides
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Short-bearded Anole
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Kurzbart-Anolis
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Kortskægget Anole, Falsk Kamæleon
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1837 | |
Anolis chamaeleonides Dumeril & Bibron |
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Chamaeleolis chamaeleontides [sic] Boulenger 1885 |
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Xiphosurus chamaeleonides Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
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1838 | |
Chamaeolis fernandina Cocteau (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) |
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1843 | |
Pseudochamaeleon cocteaui Fitzinger (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) |
Distribution:
Cuba
(incl.
Isla de la Juventud).
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Xiphosurus christophei
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Big-fanned Trunk Anole
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Grosskehliger Baumanolis
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Storfanet Træanole
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1960 | |
Anolis christophei Williams |
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Chamaelinorops christophei Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
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Xiphosurus christophei Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2014 |
Distribution:
Dominican Republic,
Haiti.
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Xiphosurus cuvieri
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Puerto Rican Giant Anole, (Giant Green Anole)
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Puertoricanischer Riesenanolis
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Puertoricansk Kæmpeanole
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1820 | |
Anolis cuvieri Merrem |
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Ctenonotus cuvieri Fitzinger 1843 |
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Semiurus cuvieri Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus cuvieri Savage & Guyer 1991 (by implication) |
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1829 | |
Anolis velifer Cuvier (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) |
Remarks:
Records from Vieques (Grant 1932), Tortola in the British Virgin Islands (Reinhardt & Lütken 1863, as velifer) and St. John in the U.S. Virgin Islands (Reinhardt & Lütken 1863, as velifer) refer to roosevelti (Kessler 2009).
Distribution:
Puerto Rico.
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Xiphosurus eugenegrahami
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Black Stream Anole
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Schwarzer Wasseranolis
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Sort Vandanole
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1978 | |
Anolis eugenegrahami Schwartz |
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Ctenonotus eugenegrahami Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus eugenegrahami Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
Distribution:
Haiti.
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Xiphosurus guamuhaya
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Escambray Bearded Anole
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Escambray-Bartanolis
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Escambray-skæganole
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1991 | |
Chamaeleolis guamuhaya Garrido, Perez-Beato & Moreno |
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Anolis guamuhaya Hass, Hedges & Maxson 1993 |
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Xiphosurus guamuhaya Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
Distribution:
Cuba.
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Xiphosurus landestoyi
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Dominican Giant Anole
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Dominicanischer Riesenanolis
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Dominicansk Kæmpeanole
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2016 | |
Anolis landestoyi Mahler, Lambert, Geneva, Ng, Hedges, Losos & Glor |
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Xiphosurus landestoyi Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2018 |
Remarks:
Not mentioned by Poe, Nieto-Montes de Oca, Torres-Carvajal, Queiroz, Velasco, Truett, Gray, Ryan, Köhler, Ayala-Varela & Latella (2017).
Distribution:
Dominican Republic.
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Xiphosurus porcus
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Oriente Bearded Anole
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Oriente-Bartanolis
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Oriente-skæganole
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1864 | |
Chamaeleolis porcus Cope |
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Anolis porcus Hass, Hedges & Maxson 1993 |
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Xiphosurus porcus Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
Distribution:
Cuba.
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Xiphosurus ricordii
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Haitian Giant Anole, Hispaniolan Giant Anole
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Haiti-Riesenanolis
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Haitiansk Kæmpeanole
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1837 | |
Anolis ricordii Dumeril & Bibron |
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Ctenonotus ricordii Fitzinger 1843 |
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Semiurus ricordi Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus ricordi Savage & Guyer 1991 (by implication) |
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1965 | |
Anolis ricordii leberi Williams |
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Semiurus ricordi leberi Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus ricordii leberi Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
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1974 | |
Anolis ricordi subsolanus Schwartz |
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Semiurus ricordi subsolanus Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus ricordii subsolanis [sic] Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
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1974 | |
Anolis ricordi viculus Schwartz |
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Semiurus ricordi viculus Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus ricordii viculus Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2012 |
Distribution:
Dominican Republic,
Haiti.
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Xiphosurus roosevelti
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Culebra Island Giant Anole, Virgin Islands Giant Anole
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Culebra-Riesenanolis
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Culebra-kæmpeanole
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1931 | |
Anolis roosevelti Grant |
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Semiurus roosevelti Schwartz & Henderson 1988 |
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Xiphosurus roosevelti Savage & Guyer 1991 (by implication) |
Remarks:
Known from only eight specimens, collected in the 19th century.
Presumably extinct on Culebra and probably also in the remainder of the distribution (Perry & Gerber 2006; Kessler 2009; Edgar 2010).
Distribution:
British Virgin Islands,
Puerto Rico
(Culebra,
Vieques),
U.S. Virgin Islands.
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Xiphosurus sierramaestrae
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Sierra Maestra Bearded Anole
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Sierra-Maestra-Bartanolis
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Sierra Maestra-skæganole
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2012 | |
Anolis sierramaestrae Holánová, Rehák & Frynta |
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Xiphosurus sierramaestrae Nicholson, Crother, Guyer & Savage 2018 |
Remarks:
Not mentioned by Poe, Nieto-Montes de Oca, Torres-Carvajal, Queiroz, Velasco, Truett, Gray, Ryan, Köhler, Ayala-Varela & Latella (2017).
Distribution:
Cuba.
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