Snakes of Indonesia   Elapidae [part 2: marine species] (Sea Snakes)   Related checklists:  Indonesia (main menu) - Snakes of Indonesia (menu) Bibliography of the reptiles of Indonesia

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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial. Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:

	Snakes (Serpentes)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Elapidae [part 2: marine species] (Sea Snakes) Genus Aipysurus (Olive Sea Snakes)   Aipysurus eydouxii White-spotted Sea Snake Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 Rooij 1917 Sanders, Rasmussen, Elmberg, Mumpuni, Guinea, Blias, Lee & Fry 2012 Smith 1926 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Whitten & McCarthy 1993   Aipysurus laevis Olive Sea Snake Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Karin, Stubbs, Arifin, Bloch, Ramadhan, Iskandar, Arida, Reilly, Kusnadi & Mcguire 2018 Rooij 1917 Smith 1926 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Aipysurus mosaicus Mosaic Sea Snake Iskandar & Colijn 2001 [as A. eydouxii] O'Shea 1996 [as A. eydouxii] Sanders, Rasmussen, Elmberg, Mumpuni, Guinea, Blias, Lee & Fry 2012 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Emydocephalus (Turtle-headed Sea Snakes)   Emydocephalus annulatus Annulated Turtle-headed Sea Snake Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 O'Shea 1996 Genus Hydrelaps (Port Darwin Smooth Sea Snake)   Hydrelaps darwiniensis Port Darwin Smooth Sea Snake Iskandar & Colijn 2001 O'Shea 1996 Genus Hydrophis (Typical Sea Snakes)   Hydrophis atriceps Black-headed Sea Snake Barme in Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Bosch 1985 Brongersma 1933 [as H. fasciatus] Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 Loveridge 1948 Milto & Lukin 2020 Rooij 1917 [as H. fasciatus] Smith 1926 Whitten & McCarthy 1993 [as H. fasciatus]   Hydrophis belcheri Western Faint-banded Sea Snake Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 McCarthy & Warrell 1991 McCoy 1980 Smith 1926   Hydrophis brookii Bornean Slender-necked Sea Snake Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 Smith 1926 Whitten & McCarthy 1993   Hydrophis caerulescens Bluish Slender-necked Sea Snake Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 Rooij 1917 [as H. polyodonta] Smith 1926 Whitten & McCarthy 1993   Hydrophis coggeri Pacific Yellow-banded Sea Snake Heatwole & Cogger 1994 Ineich & Laboute 2002   Hydrophis curtus Short Sea Snake Barme in Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 [as Lapemis hardwickii] Bosch 1985 [as Lapemis hardwickii] Forcart 1953 [as Lapemis hardwickii] Haas 1950 [as Lapemis hardwickii] Iskandar & Colijn 2001 [as Lapemis hardwickii] Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 [as H. hardwickii] Mertens 1930 [as Lapemis hardwickii] Milto & Lukin 2020 O'Shea 1996 [as Lapemis hardwickii] Rooij 1917 [as Lapemis hardwickii] Smith 1926 [as Lapemis hardwickii] Whitten & McCarthy 1993 [as Lapemis hardwickii]   Hydrophis cyanocinctus Blue-banded Sea Snake Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 Rooij 1917 Smith 1926 Stuebing 1991 Whitten & McCarthy 1993   Hydrophis elegans Bar-bellied Sea Snake Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 O'Shea 1996 Smith 1926   Hydrophis jerdonii Cone-nosed Sea Snake Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Iskandar & Colijn 2001   Hydrophis kingii Spectacled Sea Snake Iskandar & Colijn 2001   Hydrophis klossi Selangor Sea Snake Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Iskandar & Colijn 2001   Hydrophis major Olive-headed Sea Snake Iskandar & Colijn 2001 O'Shea 1996   Hydrophis melanosoma Black-banded Robust Sea Snake Bosch 1985 Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Smith 1926   Hydrophis nigrocinctus Black-banded Sea Snake Rooij 1917   Hydrophis ornatus Reef Sea Snake Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Gasperetti 1988 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 O'Shea 1996 Rooij 1917 Smith 1926 Whitten & McCarthy 1993   Hydrophis pacificus Pacific Faint-banded Sea Snake Iskandar & Colijn 2001 O'Shea 1996   Hydrophis peronii Horned Sea Snake Iskandar & Colijn 2001 O'Shea 1996 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Hydrophis platurus Yellow-bellied Sea Snake Bosch 1985 Brongersma 1933 Forcart 1953 Haas 1950 Jong 1926 Kopstein 1930 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 Mertens 1930 Milto & Lukin 2020 O'Shea 1996 Pauwels, Oger & Meirte 2018 Rooij 1917 Smith 1926 Smith 1935 Whitten & McCarthy 1993   Hydrophis schistosus Beaked Sea Snake Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 O'Shea 1996 Rooij 1917 [as H. valakadyn] Smith 1926 Whitten & McCarthy 1993   * Hydrophis sibauensis Kapuas Sea Snake Das 2006 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Rasmussen, Auliya & Boehme 2001 Stuebing, Inger & Lardner 2014 Vogel 2006   Hydrophis spiralis Narrow-banded Sea Snake Bosch 1985 Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Forcart 1953 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 Leviton, Anderson, Adler & Minton 1992 Rooij 1917 Smith 1926 Whitten & McCarthy 1993   Hydrophis stokesii Large-headed Sea Snake Haas 1950 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 O'Shea 1996 Rooij 1917 Smith 1926 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Whitten & McCarthy 1993   Hydrophis torquatus Grey Sea Snake Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Smith 1926   Hydrophis viperinus Viperine Sea Snake Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 Rooij 1917 Smith 1926 Whitten & McCarthy 1993 Genus Kolpophis (Granular Sea Snake)   Kolpophis annandalei Granular Sea Snake Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 Rooij 1917 Smith 1926 Whitten & McCarthy 1993 Genus Laticauda (Sea Kraits)   Laticauda colubrina Yellow-lipped Sea Krait Allison 2007 Bosch 1985 Brongersma 1933 Brongersma 1934 Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Gherghel, Papes, Brischoux, Sahlean & Strugariu 2016 Heatwole, Busack & Cogger 2005 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Jong 1926 Karin, Stubbs, Arifin, Bloch, Ramadhan, Iskandar, Arida, Reilly, Kusnadi & Mcguire 2018 Kharin, Roedel & Hallermann 2010 Kopstein 1937 Kurniawan, Fathoni, Fatchiyah, Aulani, Septiadi & Smith 2021 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 McCarthy 1986 McKay 2006 Mertens 1930 Mertens 1957 Milto & Lukin 2020 Rooij 1917 Rooij 1922 Smith 1926 Somaweera 2017 Westermann 1942 Whitten & McCarthy 1993 Zug & Kaiser 2014   Laticauda laticaudata Blue-lipped Sea Krait Allison 2007 Bosch 1985 Brongersma 1933 Brongersma 1934 Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Heatwole, Busack & Cogger 2005 [as L. colubrina] Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Jong 1926 [as L. colubrina] Kharin, Roedel & Hallermann 2010 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 Loveridge 1948 McCarthy 1986 Mertens 1930 Mulyadi 2007 [as L. laticauda] Rooij 1917 Rooij 1922 Smith 1926 Somaweera 2017 Somaweera, Lilley, Putra, Ganz, Govendan, McKay & Milenkaya 2018 Whitten & McCarthy 1993 Zug & Kaiser 2014   Laticauda semifasciata Erabu Sea Krait Brongersma 1934 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Kharin, Roedel & Hallermann 2010 McCarthy 1986 Mertens 1930 Milto & Lukin 2020 Stejneger 1907 Whitten & McCarthy 1993 Genus Microcephalophis (Small-headed Sea Snakes)   Microcephalophis gracilis Graceful Small-headed Sea Snake Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 Rooij 1917 Smith 1926 Whitten & McCarthy 1993 Genus Parahydrophis (Arafura Smooth Sea Snake)   Parahydrophis mertoni Arafura Smooth Sea Snake Cogger in Dunson (ed.) 1975 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 O'Shea 1996 Rooij 1917 Smith 1926 Genus Thalassophis (Scale-snouted Sea Snake)   Thalassophis anomalus Scale-snouted Sea Snake Bucherl, Buckley & Deulofeu (eds.) 1968 Haas 1950 Iskandar & Colijn 2001 Kusrini, Hamidy, Prasetyo, Nugraha, Andriani, Fadhila, Hartanto & Afrianto 2021 Milto & Lukin 2020 Rasmussen, Sanders & Lobo 2010 Rooij 1917 Smith 1926 Stuebing, Inger & Lardner 2014 Whitten & McCarthy 1993