Home - Taxonomy - Geography - Biodiversity - Literature - Purchase RepFocus Recent updates Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk). Latest update: December 31st, 2022. Taxonomy of the family Leiocephalidae Bibliography of the genus Leiocephalus Biodiversity of the genus Leiocephalus Genus Leiocephalus Curly-tailed Lizards, Curlytails, Curly-tailed Iguanas, Crested Keeled Lizards Glattkopfleguane Krølhaleleguaner 1827 Leiocephalus Gray (type species: Leiocephalus carinatus Gray 1827) Contents: 24 living species, of which 23 (95.8%) are endemic. In addition to this, 2 species are considered extinct (eremitus, herminieri), both of which were endemic. Endemism: 0% 100% Distribution: West Indies. Reported from: Bahamas (incl. Great Inagua Bank, [incl. Great Inagua], Little Bahama Bank, East Plana Cay), Cayman Islands (Cayman Brac, Grand Cayman, Little Cayman), Cuba (incl. Isla de la Juventud), Dominican Republic (incl. Isla Alto Velo), Haiti (incl. Ile de la Gonâve, Île-à-Vache), Turks & Caicos Islands (Caicos Islands, Turks Islands). Leiocephalus altavelensis Alto Velo Curlytail Alto-Velo-Rollschwanzleguan Alto Velo-krølhaleleguan 1933 Leiocephalus altavelensis Noble & Hassler Leiocephalus vinculum altavelensis Schwartz 1967 Remarks: Treated as a separate species by Henderson & Powell (2009), although they questioned the validity of altavelensis. Distribution: Dominican Republic (Isla Alto Velo). Leiocephalus barahonensis Orange-bellied Curlytail Orangebäuchiger Rollschwanzleguan Orangebuget Krølhaleleguan 1921 Leiocephalus barahonensis Schmidt 1923 Leiocephalus beatanus Noble (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) Leiocephalus barahonensis beatanus Schwartz 1967 1934 Leiocephalus personatus aureus Cochran (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) 1967 Leiocephalus barahonensis oxygaster Schwartz Remarks: Previously included altavelensis. Distribution: Dominican Republic, Haiti. Leiocephalus carinatus Saw-scaled Curlytail, Cuban Curly-tailed Lizard Gesägter Rollschwanzleguan Savskællet Krølhaleleguan 1827 Leiocephalus carinatus Gray 1837 Holotropis microlophus Cocteau (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) 1845 Leiocephalus macleayii Gray (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) 1901 Leiocephalus virescens Stejneger (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) Leiocephalus carinatus virescens Barbour 1937 1935 Leiocephalus carinatus armouri Barbour & Shreve 1936 Leiocephalus carinatus coryi Schmidt 1936 Leiocephalus carinatus hodsdoni Schmidt 1956 Leiocephalus carinatus aquarius Schwartz & Ogren 1957 Leiocephalus carinatus granti Rabb 1959 Leiocephalus carinatus cayensis Schwartz 1959 Leiocephalus carinatus labrossytus Schwartz 1959 Leiocephalus carinatus microcyon Schwartz 1959 Leiocephalus carinatus mogotensis Schwartz 1959 Leiocephalus carinatus zayasi Schwartz Other common names: armouri: Northern Curly-tailed Lizard, Bahaman Curly-tailed Lizard granti: Lesser Cayman Islands Curly-tailed Lizard hodsoni: Ragged Island Lion Lizard virescens: Exuma Islands Curly-tailed Lizard Remarks: Previously included varius. Introduced to: USA (Florida). Distribution: Bahamas (incl. Little Bahama Bank), Cayman Islands (Cayman Brac, Grand Cayman, Little Cayman), Cuba (incl. Isla de la Juventud). Leiocephalus cubensis Cuban Brown Curlytail Kubanischer Brauner Rollschwanzleguan Cubansk Brun Krølhaleleguan 1840 Tropidurus cubensis Gray Leiocephalus cubensis Stejneger 1917 1857 Holotropis vittatus Hallowell (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) 1959 Leiocephalus cubensis gigas Schwartz 1959 Leiocephalus cubensis pambasileus Schwartz 1959 Leiocephalus cubensis paraphrus Schwartz 1970 Leiocephalus cubensis minor Garrido Distribution: Cuba (incl. Isla de la Juventud). Leiocephalus endomychus Hinche Curlytail Hinche-Rollschwanzleguan Hinche-krølhaleleguan 1967 Leiocephalus vinculum endomychus Schwartz Leiocephalus endomychus Pregill 1992 Distribution: Haiti. Leiocephalus eremitus Navassa Curlytail Navassa-Rollschwanzleguan Navassa-krølhaleleguan 1868 Liocephalus eremitus Cope Leiocephalus eremitus Barbour 1937 Remarks: Extinct (Henderson & Powell 2009). Distribution: Navassa. Leiocephalus greenwayi East Plana Curlytail East-Plana-Rollschwanzleguan East Plana-krølhaleleguan 1935 Leiocephalus greenwayi Barbour & Shreve Distribution: Bahamas (East Plana Cay). Leiocephalus herminieri Martinique Curlytail Martinique-Rollschwanzleguan Martinique-krølhaleleguan 1837 Holotropis herminieri Dumeril & Bibron Leiocephalus herminieri Boulenger 1885 Remarks: Regarded as extinct (Lorvelec, Pascal, Pavis & Feldman 2007). The origin of this species has also been suggested to be Trinidad or Guadeloupe, but Breuil (2002, 2003) demonstrated that it lived in Martinique. Distribution: Martinique. Leiocephalus inaguae Inagua Curlytail Inagua-Rollschwanzleguan Inagua-krølhaleleguan 1931 Leiocephalus inaguae Cochran Distribution: Bahamas (Great Inagua Bank: Great Inagua). Leiocephalus loxogrammus San Salvador Curlytail San-Salvador-Rollschwanzleguan San Salvador-krølhaleleguan 1887 Leiocephalus loxogrammus Cope 1935 Leiocephalus loxogrammus parnelli Barbour & Shreve Distribution: Bahamas. Leiocephalus lunatus Hispaniolan Maskless Curlytail Maskenloser Rollschwanzleguan Maskeløs Krølhaleleguan 1934 Leiocephalus personatus lunatus Cochran Leiocephalus lunatus Schwartz 1967 1934 Leiocephalus personatus louisae Cochran (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) Leiocephalus lunatus louisae Schwartz 1967 1939 Leiocephalus personatus arenicolor Mertens (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) Leiocephalus lunatus arenicolor Schwartz 1967 1967 Leiocephalus lunatus melaenascelis Schwartz 1967 Leiocephalus lunatus thomasi Schwartz 1969 Leiocephalus lunatus lewisi Schwartz Distribution: Dominican Republic. Leiocephalus macropus Cuban Side-blotched Curlytail Seitenfleck-Rollschwanzleguan Sideplettet Krølhaleleguan 1863 Liocephalus macropus Cope Leiocephalus macropus Stejneger 1917 1958 Leiocephalus macropus immaculatus Hardy 1959 Leiocephalus macropus hoplites Zug 1959 Leiocephalus macropus hyacinthurus Zug 1959 Leiocephalus macropus koopmani Zug 1967 Leiocephalus macropus aegialus Schwartz & Garrido 1967 Leiocephalus macropus asbolomus Schwartz & Garrido 1967 Leiocephalus macropus phylax Schwartz & Garrido 1973 Leiocephalus macropus lenticulatus Garrido 1979 Leiocephalus macropus felinoi Garrido 1979 Leiocephalus macropus torrei Garrido Distribution: Cuba (incl. Isla de la Juventud). Leiocephalus melanochlorus Tiburon Curlytail Tiburon-Rollschwanzleguan Tiburon-krølhaleleguan 1863 Liocephalus melanochlorus Cope Leiocephalus melanochlorus Schwartz 1966 1966 Leiocephalus melanochlorus hypsistus Schwartz Distribution: Haiti (incl. Île-à-Vache). Leiocephalus onaneyi Guantanamo Striped Curlytail Guantanamo-Rollschwanzleguan Guantanamo-krølhaleleguan 1973 Leiocephalus onaneyi Garrido 1973 Leiocephalus onaneyi Garrido Distribution: Cuba. Leiocephalus personatus Hispaniolan Masked Curlytail, Rainbow Curlytail Bunter Maskenleguan Maskeleguan 1863 Liocephalus personatus Cope Leiocephalus personatus Barbour 1935 1863 Liocephalus trigeminatus Cope (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) 1932 Leiocephalus personatus mentalis Cochran 1932 Leiocephalus personatus scalaris Cochran 1939 Leiocephalus personatus pulcherrimus Mertens (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) 1939 Leiocephalus personatus trujilloensis Mertens 1967 Leiocephalus personatus actites Schwartz 1967 Leiocephalus personatus agraulus Schwartz 1967 Leiocephalus personatus budeni Schwartz 1967 Leiocephalus personatus tarachodes Schwartz 1969 Leiocephalus personatus poikilometes Schwartz 1971 Leiocephalus personatus pyrrholaemus Schwartz 1982 Leiocephalus personatus socoensis Gali & Schwartz 1988 Leiocephalus personatus elattoprosopon Gali, Schwartz & Suarez Introduced to: USA (Florida). Distribution: Dominican Republic, Haiti. Leiocephalus pratensis Haitian Striped Curlytail Haitianischer Gestreifter Rollschwanzleguan Haitiansk Stribet Krølhaleleguan 1928 Hispaniolus pratensis Cochran Leiocephalus pratensis Etheridge 1966 1979 Leiocephalus chimarus Schwartz (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) Distribution: Haiti. Leiocephalus psammodromus Turks and Caicos Curlytail Turks & Caicos-Rollschwanzleguan Turks & Caicos-krølhaleleguan 1916 Leiocephalus psammodromus Barbour 1916 Liocephalus arenarius Barbour [not Steironotus arenarius Tschudi 1845] (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) 1967 Leiocephalus arenarius aphretor Schwartz (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) Leiocephalus psammodromus aphretor Schwartz & Thomas 1975 1967 Leiocephalus arenarius apocrinus Schwartz (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) Leiocephalus psammodromus apocrinus Schwartz & Thomas 1975 1967 Leiocephalus arenarius cacodoxus Schwartz (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) Leiocephalus psammodromus cacodoxus Schwartz & Thomas 1975 1967 Leiocephalus arenarius hyphantus Schwartz (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) Leiocephalus psammodromus hyphantus Schwartz & Thomas 1975 1967 Leiocephalus arenarius mounax Schwartz (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) Leiocephalus psammodromus mounax Schwartz & Thomas 1975 Distribution: Turks & Caicos Islands (Caicos Islands, Turks Islands). Leiocephalus punctatus Crooked-Acklins Curlytail Crooked-Acklins-Rollschwanzleguan Crooked-Acklins-krølhaleleguan 1931 Leiocephalus carinatus punctatus Cochran Leiocephalus punctatus Etheridge 1966 1935 Leiocephalus carinatus helenae Barbour & Shreve (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) 1935 Leiocephalus carinatus picinus Barbour & Shreve (Schwartz & Henderson 1988) Distribution: Bahamas. Leiocephalus raviceps Pallid Curlytail Bleicher Rollschwanzleguan Bleg Krølhaleleguan 1863 Liocephalus raviceps Cope Leiocephalus raviceps Schwartz 1960 1960 Leiocephalus raviceps klinikowskii Schwartz 1960 Leiocephalus raviceps uzzelli Schwartz 1968 Leiocephalus raviceps jaumei Schwartz & Garrido 1973 Leiocephalus raviceps delavarai Garrido Distribution: Cuba. Leiocephalus rhutidira Haitian Black-throated Curlytail Schwarzkehliger Rollschwanzleguan Sortstrubet Krølhaleleguan 1979 Leiocephalus rhutidira Schwartz Distribution: Haiti. Leiocephalus schreibersii Red-sided Curly-tailed Iguana, Hispaniolan Khaki Curlytail Rotseiten-Rollschwanzleguan Rødsidet Krølhaleleguan 1837 Pristinotus schreibersii Gravenhorst Leiocephalus schreibersii Cope 1868 1968 Leiocephalus schreibersi nesomorus Schwartz Introduced to: USA (Florida). Distribution: Dominican Republic, Haiti. Leiocephalus schreibersii © Rune Midtgaard Leiocephalus semilineatus Hispaniolan Pale-bellied Curlytail Hellbauch-Rollschwanzleguan Lysbuget Krølhaleleguan 1920 Leiocephalus semilineatus Dunn Distribution: Dominican Republic, Haiti. Leiocephalus sixtoi Dune Curlytail Dünen-Rollschwanzleguan Klit-krølhaleleguan 2016 Leiocephalus sixtoi Köhler, Bobadilla & Hedges Distribution: Dominican Republic. Leiocephalus stictigaster Cuban Striped Curlytail Kubanischer Gestreifter Rollschwanzleguan Cubansk Stribet Krølhaleleguan 1959 Leiocephalus stictigaster Schwartz 1959 Leiocephalus stictigaster astictus Schwartz 1959 Leiocephalus stictigaster exotheotus Schwartz 1959 Leiocephalus stictigaster sierrae Schwartz 1960 Leiocephalus stictigaster lucianus Schwartz 1964 Leiocephalus stictigaster ophiplacodes Schwartz 1964 Leiocephalus stictigaster parasphex Schwartz 1968 Leiocephalus stictigaster celeustes Schwartz & Garrido 1968 Leiocephalus stictigaster gibarensis Schwartz & Garrido 1968 Leiocephalus stictigaster lipomator Schwartz & Garrido 1968 Leiocephalus stictigaster naranjoi Schwartz & Garrido 1975 Leiocephalus stictigaster septentrionalis Garrido Distribution: Cuba (incl. Isla de la Juventud). Leiocephalus varius Grand Cayman Curlytail Grand-Cayman-Rollschwanzleguan Grand Cayman-krølhaleleguan 1887 Liocephalus varius Garman Leiocephalus carinatus varius Barbour 1937 Remarks: Powell & Henderson (in Powell & Henderson [eds.]) (2012) treated varius as a separate species, however, Echternacht (2012, in the same publication) retained it as a subspecies of carinatus. Validity as a separate species was supported by McCranie (2011, 2015, 2018). Introduced to: Honduras (Islas del Cisne [Isla Grande, Isla Pequeña]). Distribution: Cayman Islands (Grand Cayman). Leiocephalus vinculum Gonâve Curlytail Gonâve-Rollschwanzleguan Gonâve-krølhaleleguan 1928 Leiocephalus vinculum Cochran Remarks: Previously included endomychus. Distribution: Haiti (Ile de la Gonâve).