Home - Taxonomy - Geography - Biodiversity - Literature - Purchase RepFocus Recent updates





Related bibliographies:

Reptiles
Snakes
Lamprophiidae

Africa
Asia
Malay Archipelago
Middle East









































































































































































































































































































































Taxonomy of the genus Psammophis Biodiversity of the family Lamprophiidae

Bibliography of the genus
Psammophis (Old World Sand Snakes and Grass Snakes)

(Reptilia: Serpentes: Lamprophiidae)

Note: In order to limit redundancy, relevant literature indexed in the related bibliographies in the left column may not have been included in this page. For a comprehensive search of literature, these bibliographies should therefore also be consulted.


Psammophis in general

Arndt, W. 1981. Afrikanische Sandrenn-Nattern im Terrarium. Herpetofauna (Weinstadt) 3(15): 25-26.

Brandstätter, F. 1995. Eine revision der Gattung Psammophis mit Berücksichtigung der Schwestergattungen innerhalb der tribus Psammophiini (Colubridae; Lycodontinae). Dissertation, Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken. 480 pp.

Brandstätter, F. 1996. Die Sandrennattern. Gattung Psammophis. Westarp Wissenschaften, Magdeburg. 142 pp.

Brandstätter, F.; Redl, M. 1997. On the etymology of Asian snakes of the genus Psammophis (Serpentes: Colubridae). Hamadryad 22(1): 50-53.

Broadley, D.G. 1963. Psammophis sibilans (Linnaeus 1758) - a taxonomic dustbin. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Rhodesia 20: 5-7.

Broadley, D.G. 1966. A review of the African stripe-bellied sand-snakes of the genus Psammophis. Arnoldia 2(36): 1-11.

Broadley, D.G. 1977. A review of the genus Psammophis in southern Africa (Serpentes: Colubridae). Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 8(12): 1-29.

Broadley, D.G. 1987. Caudal autotomy in African snakes of the genera Natriciteres Loveridge and Psammophis Boie. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 33: 18-19.

Broadley, D.G. 2002. A review of the species of Psammophis Boie found south of latitude 12S (serpentes: Psammophiinae). African Journal of Herpetology 51(2): 83-119.

Comazzi, C.; Colli, C. 2007. The snakes of the genus Psammophis. part 1: biology and systematics. Reptilia (GB) 55: 72-79.

Comazzi, C.; Colli, C. 2008. The snakes of the genus Psammophis. Part 2: captive breeding. Reptilia (GB) 56: 72-77.

Cottone, A.M.; Bauer, A.M. 2008. Natural history notes: Psammophis crucifer (Cross-marked Grass Snake). Ophiophagy. Herpetological Review 39(1): 100.

Cottone, A.M.; Bauer, A.M. 2008. Psammophylax r. rhombeatus (Linnaeus, 1758) and a Psammophis spp. Rhombic Skaapsteker and Sand Snakes. African Herp News 44: 18-19.

Haan, C.C. de 2003. Extrabuccal infralabial secretion outlets in Dromophis, Mimophis and Psammophis species (Serpentes, Colubridae, Psammophiini). A probable substitute for 'self-rubbing' and cloacal scent gland functions, and a cue for a taxonomic account. Comptes Rendus Biologies 326(3): 275-286.

Harper, J.B. 1963. Captive snakes in Ghana. British Journal of Herpetology 3: 71-74.

Hoser, R.T. 2012. A division of the African genus Psammophis Boie, 1825 into 4 genera and four further subgenera (Serpentes: Psammophiinae). Australasian Journal of Herpetology 12: 26-31.

Hubbs, C.L. 1932. The use of the generic name Ophis for an eel, a snake and a mollusc. Copeia 1932: 26-27.

Hughes, B. 1999. Critical review of a revision of Psammophis (Linnaeus 1758) (Serpentes, Reptilia) by Frank Brandstätter. African Journal of Herpetology 48(1-2): 63-70.

Joger, U. 1982. Zur Herpetofaunistik Kameruns (II). Bonner Zoologische Beiträge 33(2-4): 313-342.

Kelly, C.M.R.; Barker, N.P.; Villet, M.H.; Broadley, D.G.; Branch, W.R. 2008. The snake family Psammophiidae (Reptilia: Serpentes): phylogenetics and species delimitation in the African sand snakes (Psammophis Boie, 1825) and allied genera. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 47(3): 1045-1060.

Loveridge, A. 1940. Revision of the African snakes of the genera Dromophis and Psammophis. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 87(1): 1-70.

Luiselli, L.; Akani, G.C.; Angelici, F.M.; Eniang, E.A.; Ude, L.; Politano, E. 2004. Local distribution, habitat use, and diet of two supposed 'species' of the Psammophis 'phillipsi' complex (Serpentes: Colubridae), sympatric in southern Nigeria. Amphibia-Reptilia 25(4): 415-423.

Marx, H. 1958. Egyptian snakes of the genus Psammophis. Fieldiana Zoology 39: 191-200.

Nielsen, S.V.; Conradie, W. 2011. Natural history notes: Psammophis Boie, 1827. African Whip Snakes. Mortality. African Herp News 55: 17-18.

Saleh, M.A.; Amer, F.; Saber, S.; Nour el Din, M. 2005. The colubrid snakes of genus Psammophis in Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Zoology 44: 125-148.

Shine, R.; Branch, W.R.; Webb, J.K.; Harlow, P.S.; Shine, T. 2006. Sexual dimorphism, reproductive biology, and dietary habits of psammophiine snakes (Colubridae) from southern Africa. Copeia 2006(4): 650-664.

Werner, Y.L. 1985. Defensive behaviour in a boigine snake: first record of throat inflation in Psammophis. Israel Journal of Zoology 33(1-2): 69-71.

Psammophis aegyptius

Sayed, N.H.M. 2011. Genetic diversity among five Egyptian non-poisonous snakes using protein and isoenzymes electrophoresis. Life Science Journal Acta Zhengzhou University Overseas Edition 8(4): 1034-1042.

Sayed, N.H.M. 2012. Genetic diversity among eight Egyptian snakes (Squamata-Serpents: Colubridae) using RAPD-PCR. Life Science Journal Acta Zhengzhou University Overseas Edition 9(1): 423-430.

Vasconcelos Gonçalves, D.; Martínez-Freiría, F.; Crochet, P.A.; Geniez, P.; Carranza, S.; Brito, J.C. 2018. The role of climatic cycles and trans-Saharan migration corridors in species diversification: Biogeography of Psammophis schokari group in North Africa. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 118: 64-74

Psammophis angolensis

Bourgeois, M. 1964. Les reptiles de la Kasapa (Elisábethville). Publ. Univ. Elisábethville 7: 65-89.

Finkeldey, H. 1969. Drei Schlangen-Neunachweise in Südwest-Afrika. Special Publ. S.W.A. scient. Soc. 1969(10): 2-12.

Laurent, R.F. 1956. Notes herpétologiques africaines. Revue de Zoologie et Botanique Africaine (Bruxelles) 53(3-4): 229-256.

Noble, E.M. 1966. Occurrence of Psammophis angolensis in Ethiopia. Copeia 1966: 125-126.

Sharp, C. 2005. Lilac-breasted roller taking pigmy sand snake. Honeyguide 51(1): 35.

Psammophis biseriatus

Cottone, A.M.; Bauer, A.M. 2008. Natural history notes: Psammophis biseriatus (Link-marked Sand Snake). Diet. Herpetological Review 39(1): 99.

Cottone, A.M.; Bauer, A.M. 2009. Ecological notes on two sympatric Psammophis species from East Africa. African Journal of Herpetology 58(2): 126-130.

Spawls, S. 1973. An ususual concentration of sand snakes. Bulletin E. Afr. nat. Hist. Soc. 1973(Sept.): 122-123.

Vernet, R. 2000. Observations preliminaires sur l'herpetofaune de la Republique de Djibouti. Bulletin de la Societe Herpetologique de France 93: 37-43.

Psammophis brevirostris

Branch, W.R.; Haagner, G.V. 1999. Psammophis brevirostris and Acontias sp: the value of road kills. African Herp News 30: 37-38.

Broadley, D.G. 2002. A review of the species of Psammophis Boie found south of latitude 12S (serpentes: Psammophiinae). African Journal of Herpetology 51(2): 83-119.

Cottone, A.M.; Bauer, A.M. 2007. Psammophis brevirostris Peters, 1881. Short-snouted Grass Snake. Diet. African Herp News 43: 22-23.

Haagner, G.V. 1986. Life history notes. Psammophis sibilans brevirostris (short-snouted grass snake): reproduction. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 32: 36.

Psammophis condanarus

Cottone, A.M.; Bauer, A.M. 2009. Notes on sexual size dimorphism and reproduction in the Asian snake, Psammophis condanarus (Psammophiidae). Hamadryad 34(1): 181-184.

Ganesh, S.R.; Sharma, V.; Guptha, M.B. 2017. Records of the Indian Sand Snake Psammophis condanarus (Merrem, 1820) (Reptilia: Lamprophiidae) in southern India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 9(7): 10453-10458.

Ineich, I.; Deuve, J. 1990. Geographic distribution: Psammophis condanarus (Asian Sand Snake). Herpetological Review 21(1): 23.

Ingle, M. 2004. Ophio-fauna of Ujjain & certain areas of Malwa region (Madhya Pradesh). Records of the Zoological Survey of India 103(1-2): 17-31.

Prasad, J.N. 1992. Review of distribution of condanarous sandsnake Psammophis condanarus (Merrem). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 89(3): 382.

Shebbeare, E.O. 1937. Occurrence of Psammophis condanarus in Berar. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 39: 871.

Smith, M.A. 1928. The status of some recently described genera and species of snakes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Ser. 10) 1: 494-497.

Wall, F. 1911. A popular treatise on the Common Indian snakes. XIV. Tropidonotus stolatus and Psammophis condanarus. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 20(3): 603-633.

Wall, F. 1921. Phayrea isabellina, Theobald, redescribed. Records of the Indian Museum 22: 109-110.

Psammophis crucifer

Cottone, A.M.; Bauer, A.M. 2008. Natural history notes: Psammophis crucifer (Cross-marked Grass Snake). Ophiophagy. Herpetological Review 39(1): 100.

Cottone, A.M.; Bauer, A.M. 2010. Sexual dimorphism, diet, reproduction, and their geographic variation in sympatric psammophiids, Psammophis crucifer and Psammophylax rhombeatus rhombeatus, from southern Africa. Copeia 2010(4): 578-590.

Davies, G.B.P.; Retief, E.F.; Smit-Robinson, H. 2014. Snakes in the diet of Secretarybirds Sagittarius serpentarius: an example from Balfour, Mpumalanga. Ornithological Observations 5: 361-364.

Els, J. 2006. Psammophis crucifer (Daudin, 1803). Cross-marked Sand Snake. Behaviour. African Herp News 41: 19-21.

FitzSimons, V. 1932. Preliminary descriptions of new forms of South African Reptilia and Amphibia, from the Vernay-Lang Kalahari Expedition, 1930. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 15(1): 35-40.

FitzSimons, V.; Brain, C.K. 1958. A short account of the reptiles of the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park. Koedoe 1: 99-104.

Flemming, A.F. 1994. Reproductive cycles of the snakes Psammophis crucifer, P. leightoni trinasalis and P. notostictus (Serpentes: Colubridae) in the Orange Free State, South Africa. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 43: 19-27.

Haagner, G.V. 1988. Psammophis crucifer. Cross-marked grass snake. Reproduction. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 35: 37.

Haagner, G.V.; Branch, W.R. 1993. Psammophis crucifer cross-marked snake. Diet. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 42: 39.

Psammophis elegans

Mertens, R. 1973. Psammophis elegans, eine bemerkenswerte "Sandrenn-Natter" aus Westafrika. Salamandra 9(1): 18-21.

Mourgue, M. 1909. Coluber elegans. Feuille Jeunes Natural. Paris 39: 144.

Villiers, A. 1956. Le Parc National du Niokolo-Koba, Reptiles. Memoires de l'Institut Fondamental D'Afrique Noire 48: 143-162.

Psammophis indochinensis

Chuaynkern, Y.; Inthara, I. 2004. Record of egg-laying by Indo-Chinese sand snake Psammophis condanarus (Merrem, 1820) in Captivity. Journal of Wildlife in Thailand 12(1): 218-222.

Hartmann, T.; Handschuh, M.; Böhme, W. 2011. First record of Psammophis indochinensis Smith, 1943 from Cambodia, within the context of a distributional species account. Cambodian Journal of Natural History 2011(1): 7-10.

Liong, A.L.G. 1958. Something about the surroundings of Gresik. Penggemar Alam 37: 7-78.

Orlov, N.L.; Ryabov, S.A.; Nguyen, V.S.; Nguyen, Q.T. 2003. New records and data on the poorly known snakes of Vietnam. Russian Journal of Herpetology 10(3): 217-240.

Psammophis jallae

Angel, F. 1921. Description d'un Ophidien nouveau de l'Angola appartenant au genre Psammophis. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 46: 116-118.

Berger-Dell'Mour, H.A.E. 1987. Some new data on the herpetology of South West Africa. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 33: 5-8.

FitzSimons, V. 1932. Preliminary descriptions of new forms of South African Reptilia and Amphibia, from the Vernay-Lang Kalahari Expedition, 1930. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 15(1): 35-40.

Rickson, B. 1960. Psammophis jallae. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Rhodesia 12: 9.

Witte, G.F. de 1922. Description d'un ophidien nouveau, recolte au Congo par le Dr. Schouteden. Revue de Zoologie et Botanique Africaine (Bruxelles) 10: 318-319.

Psammophis leightoni

Boulenger, G.A. 1902. Description of a new snake of the genus Psammophis from Cape Colony. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1: 126.

Broadley, D.G. 1975. A review of Psammophis leightoni and Psammophis notostictus in southern Africa (Serpentes: Colubridae). Arnoldia Rhodesia 7(13): 1-17.

Phillips, J.A.; Alberts, A.C. 1992. Naive ophiophagus [sic] lizards recognize and avoid venomous snakes using chemical cues. Journal of Chemical Ecology 18(10): 1775-1783.

Psammophis leithii

Saikia, U.; Sharma, R.M.; Sharma, D.K. 2005. Record of the Leith's sand snake from Himachal Pradesh. Bionotes 7(2): 53.

Vyas, R. 2000. Supplementary note on herpetofauna of Gir Forets [Forests]. Zoos' Print Journal 15(5): 263-264.

Wall, F. 1907. Extension of the habitat of the sand snake (Psammophis leithii). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 18: 203.

Psammophis lineolatus

Brushko, Z.K.; Kubykin, R.A. 2000. [Distribution and ecology of the steppe ribbon snake (Psammophis lineolatum Brandt, 1838) in Kazakhstan]. (In Russian, English summary). Selevinia 2000(1-4): 130-137.

Davlyatov, Y.D.; Ikramov, A.; Sartaeva, K.M.; Makhmudov, B.B. 1987. [A comparison of desert populations of the snake Psammophis lineolatum]. (In Russian). Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal 1987(6): 39-41.

Toktosunov, A.T.; Mazik, E.Y.; Kassymalieva, E.B.; Imanalieva, N.D. 1992. Specific characters of karyotypes of some snake species (Colubridae, Viperidae, Crotalidae) from the northern Tien-Shan. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 71(5): 118-127.

Tsellarius, A.Y.; Cherlin, V.A. 1981. [On the question of interspecific relationships of Psammophis lineolatum & Psammophis schokari in Badkhyz]. (In Russian, English summary). Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Turkmenskoi SSR Seriya Biologicheskikh Nauk 1981(1): 79-80.

Zander, A. 1895. Einige transkaspische Reptilien. Zoologische Garten 36: 297-305.

Psammophis longifrons

Amol, K.; Anup, P.; Gaurang, P.; Anant, P.; Dipankar, L. 2012. Note on Observed Snakes in Satpura Tiger Reserve and Record of Psammophis longifrons Boulenger, 1896 Madhya Pradesh, India. Universal Journal of Environmental Research and Technology 2(4): 362-365.

D'Abreu, E.A. 1913. Occurrence of the snake (Psammophis longifrons) at Nagpur. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 22: 634.

Dreckmann, F. 1892. A rare snake (Psammophis longifrons). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 7: 406-407.

Gleadow, F. 1894. Psammophis longifrons. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 8: 553.

Ingle, M. 2009. First locality record of stout sand snake, Psammophis longifrons Boulenger, 1896 from Ujjain district, Madhya Pradesh. Cobra (Chennai) 3(2): 12-13.

Pal, S.; Mirza, Z.A. 2009. Notes on the distribution and natural history of the rare and endemic, south sand snake, Psammophis longifrons Boulenger, 1896. Cobra (Chennai) 3(1): 7-10.

Premkumar, S.; Sharma, V. 2017. Geographic distribution: Psammophis longifrons (Stocky Sand Racer). Herpetological Review 48(1): 131.

Trivedi, K.; Mody, K. 2018. Stout Sand Snake: Note on occurrence of Stout Sand Snake Psammophis longifrons Boulenger 1896 from Surat and Bharuch District, Gujarat. Zoos' Print 33(2): 23-26.

Visvanathan, A.C.; Anne, S.; Kolli, A.K. 2017. New locality records of the Stout Sand Snake Psammophis longifrons Boulenger, 1890 (Reptilia: Squamata: Lamprophiidae) in Telangana, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 9(11): 10968-10970.

Vyas, R. 1987. Collection of a stout sand snake - Psammophis longifrons. Hamadryad 12(2): 7-8.

Vyas, R.; Patel, H. 2013. Notes on the distribution and natural history of Psammophis longifrons Boulenger 1896 (Serpentes: Psammophiidae: Psammophiinae) in Gujarat, India. Russian Journal of Herpetology 20(3): 217-222.

Wall, F. 1912. A new snake, Psammophis triticeus, from Baluchistan. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 21: 634-636.

Psammophis mossambicus

Gough, L.H. 1908. Description of two new species of Psammophis from South Africa. Zoologischer Anzeiger 33: 101-103.

McCauley, D.J.; Keesing, F.; Young, T.P.; Allan, B.F.; Pringle, R.M. 2006. Indirect effects of large herbivores on snakes in an African savanna. Ecology (Washington, D.C.) 87(10): 2657-2663.

Psammophis namibensis

Broadley, D.G. 2002. A review of the species of Psammophis Boie found south of latitude 12S (serpentes: Psammophiinae). African Journal of Herpetology 51(2): 83-119.

Cunningham, P.L. 2013. Psammophis namibensis (Broadley, 1975). Namib Sand Snake. Predation. African Herp News 60: 24-25.

Hoffman, L. 1987. Notes on snakes from Gobabeb, Namib-Naukluft Park. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 33(1): 39.

Hoffman, L. 1987. Psammophis leightoni namibensis (Namib sand snake): ecology. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 33: 39.

Pleguezuelos, J.M.; Feriche, M. 2005. Natural history notes: Psammophis namibiensis (Namib Sand Snake). Behavior. Herpetological Review 36(4): 459.

Psammophis notostictus

Bates, M.F. 2010. Natural history notes: Psammophis notostictus Peters, 1867. Karoo Sand Snake. Diet. African Herp News 52: 11-13.

Broadley, D.G. 1975. A review of Psammophis leightoni and Psammophis notostictus in southern Africa (Serpentes: Colubridae). Arnoldia Rhodesia 7(13): 1-17.

FitzSimons, V.; Brain, C.K. 1958. A short account of the reptiles of the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park. Koedoe 1: 99-104.

Flemming, A.F. 1994. Reproductive cycles of the snakes Psammophis crucifer, P. leightoni trinasalis and P. notostictus (Serpentes: Colubridae) in the Orange Free State, South Africa. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 43: 19-27.

Psammophis occidentalis

Hughes, B.; Wade, E. 2004. Is Psammophis sibilans occidentalis Werner, 1919 a junior synonym of P. phillipsi (Hallowell, 1844)? (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetozoa 16(3-4): 127-132.

Psammophis orientalis

Broadley, D.G. 2002. A review of the species of Psammophis Boie found south of latitude 12S (serpentes: Psammophiinae). African Journal of Herpetology 51(2): 83-119.

Psammophis phillipsii

Akani, G.C.; Eniang, E.A.; Ekpo, I.J.; Angelici, F.M.; Luiselli, L. 2002. Thermal and reproductive ecology of the snake Psammophis phillipsi from the rainforest region of southern Nigeria. Herpetological Journal 12(2): 63-67.

Akani, G.C.; Eniang, E.A.; Ekpo, I.J.; Angelici, F.M.; Luiselli, L. 2003. Food habits of the snake Psammophis phillipsi from the continuous rain-forest region of southern Nigeria (West Africa). Journal of Herpetology 37(1): 208-211.

Akani, G.C.; Luiselli, L.; Wariboko, S.M.; Ude, L.; Angelici, F.M. 2002. Frequency of tail autotomy in the African Olive Grass Snake, Psammophis 'phillipsii' from three habitats in southern Nigeria. African Journal of Herpetology 51(2): 143-146.

Butler, J.A. 1993. Seasonal reproduction in the African olive grass snake, Psammophis phillipsi (Serpentes: Colubridae). Journal of Herpetology 27(2): 144-148.

Haagner, G.V. 1990. Psammophis phillipsi. Olive grass snake. Ophiophagy. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 37: 47.

Haan, C.C. de; Cluchier, A. 2006. Chemical marking behaviour in the psammophiine snakes Malpolon monspessulanus and Psammophis phillipsi. pp. 211-212. In: Vences, M.; Köhler, J.; Ziegler, T. & Böhme, W. (eds.). Herpetologia Bonnensis II. Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Societas Europaea Herpetologica, 27 September - 2 October 2005, Bonn, Germany. Societas Europaea Herpetologica, Bonn. 262 pp.

Hughes, B.; Wade, E. 2004. Is Psammophis sibilans occidentalis Werner, 1919 a junior synonym of P. phillipsi (Hallowell, 1844)? (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetozoa 16(3-4): 127-132.

Joger, U. 1982. Zur Herpetofaunistik Kameruns (II). Bonner Zoologische Beiträge 33(2-4): 313-342.

Lea, J.M.; Politano, E.; Luiselli, L. 2003. Changes in the herpetofauna of a fresh water river in Southern Nigeria, after 20 years of development. Russian Journal of Herpetology 10(3): 191-198.

Luiselli, L. 2006. Ecological modelling of convergence patterns between European and African 'whip' snakes. Acta Oecologica 30(1): 62-68.

McLean, S. 1990. Reptile mortalities caused by a grass fire. Lammergeyer 41: 46.

Pauwels, O.S.G.; Essono, T.B.B.; Carlino, P.; Chirio, L.; Huijbregts, B.; Leuteritz, T.E.J.; Rousseaux, D.; Tobi, E.; Vigna, C.; Neer, W. van 2017. Miscellanea Herpetologica Gabonica VII. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 52(1): 1-7.

Pauwels, O.S.G.; Garff, B. le; Ineich, I.; Carlino, P.; Melcore, I.; Boundenga, L.; Vigna, C.; Stévart, T.; Jeffery, K.; Orbell, C.; Squarcini, J.B.; Vande weghe, J.P.; White, L. 2016. Miscellanea Herpetologica Gabonica V & VI. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 51(11): 177-185.

Perret, J.L. 1961. Études herpétologiques Africaines. III. Bulletin Soc. Neuchâtel. Sci. Nat. (3) 84: 133-138.

Senter, P. 2001. Natural history notes: Psammophis phillipsii (Olive Grass Snake). Reproduction. Herpetological Review 32(1): 51.

Psammophis pulcher

Drewes, R.C.; Spawls, S. 1973. The occurrence of the colubrid snake, Psammophis pulcher, in Kenya. Herpetologica 29(4): 306-307.

Psammophis punctulatus

Baha el Din, S.M.; Ghazai, O.F. 2005. On the occurrence of Psammophis punctulatus Bibron & Dumeril 1854 in Egypt. Herpetological Bulletin 94: 4-5.

Vinciguerra, D. 1931. Spedizione del Barone Raimondo Franchetti in Dancalia. Rettili, batraci e pesci. Annali del Museo Civico de Storia Naturale di Genova 55: 96-108.

Psammophis rukwae

Broadley, D.G. 1966. A review of the African stripe-bellied sand-snakes of the genus Psammophis. Arnoldia 2(36): 1-11.

Psammophis schokari

Al-Johany, A.M.; Al-Sadoon, M.K. 1996. Selected body temperature and metabolic rate-temperature curves of three species of desert snakes. Journal of Arid Environments 34(3): 363-370.

Alshammari, A.M.; Busais, S.M.; Ibrahim, A.A. 2017. Snakes in the Province of Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, including two new records. Herpetozoa 30(1-2): 59-63.

Baha el Din, S.M.; Attum, O. 1998. Natural history notes: Psammophis schokari (Schokari Sand Snake). Diet. Herpetological Review 29(2): 104.

Bogdanov, O.P. 1956. [On the discovery of the sand snake Psammophis schokari Forskål in the USSR]. (In Russian). C. R. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. 111(5): 1142-1143.

Brandstätter, F. 1997. Ethnobiologie von Sandrennattern. Tier und Museum 5(4): 112-115.

Cottone, A.M.; Bauer, A.M. 2009. Sexual size dimorphism, diet, and reproductive biology of the Afro-Asian Sand Snake, Psammophis schokari (Psammophiidae). Amphibia-Reptilia 30(3): 331-340.

Crochet, P.A. 1997. Herpetological observations in southern Israel. British Herpetological Society Bulletin 60: 13-24.

Goldberg, S.R. 2015. Reproduction in the Schokari Sand Racer, Psammophis schokari (Squamata: Colubridae) from Israel. Herpetological Bulletin 131: 22-23.

Gorelov, Y.K.; Szczerbak, N.N. 1966. A new finding of the snake Psammophis schokari Forsk. on the territory of USSR. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 45: 467-468.

Haas, G. 1957. Some amphibians and reptiles from Arabia. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Ser. 4) 29(4): 47-86.

Haas, G.; Battersby, J.C. 1959. Amphibians and reptiles from Arabia. Copeia 1959: 196-202.

Hingley, K.J. 1988. The sand snake, Psammophis schokari, in captivity. Snake Keeper 2(2): 16-18.

Johnsen, P. 1961. Afrikansk sandslange (Psammophis sibilans schokari Forsk.) indslæbt i Danmark. Flora og Fauna (Copenhagen) 67: 157-158.

Kark, S.; Warburg, I.; Werner, Y.L. 1997. Polymorphism in the snake Psammophis schokari on both sides of the desert edge in Israel and Sinai. Journal of Arid Environments 37(3): 513-527.

Marx, H. 1988. The colubrid snake, Psammophis schokari, from the Arabian Peninsula. Fieldiana Zoology 40: 1-16.

Mawe, A.D. 2010. Iraq: the unknown frontier. Part 2. Herptile 35(4): 142-147.

Mohamed, H.A. 1990. Some physiological aspects during activity in three different species of snakes. Proceedings of the Zoological Society A.R. Egypt 21: 299-311.

Murzin, V.S.; Tsellarius, A.Y.; Cherlin, V.A. 1977. Hibernation of Psammophis schokari Forskål in Badkhyz. Izvestiya Akad. Nauk Turkmen. SSR (Biol.) 1977(4): 85-86.

Nouira, S.; Blanc, C.P. 1986. Le peuplement en reptiles au sud du Chott El Djerid. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Tunis 63(4): 553-566.

Oudjani, D.; Aymerich, M.; Mediani, M. 2016. Rhagerhis moilensis (Reuss, 1834), as prey of Psammophis schokari (Forskål, 1775). Herpetozoa 28(3/4): 184-187.

Rato, C.; Brito, J.C.; Carretero, M.A.; Larbes, S.; Shacham, B.; Harris, D.J. 2007. Phylogeography and genetic diversity of Psammophis schokari (Serpentes) in North Africa based on mitochondrial DNA sequences. African Zoology 42(1): 112-117.

Sadia, F.; Hafeez, M.A.; Tariq, S. 1999. Morphology of the pineal complex in three species of snakes (Ophidia, Reptilia) from Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 31(1): 39-44.

Sallam, F.A.E. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships among the Egyptian squamates (lizards and snakes) inferred from protein and isoenzyme characteristics. Journal of the Egyptian German Society of Zoology 48(C): 1-17.

Sayed, N.H.M. 2012. Genetic diversity among eight Egyptian snakes (Squamata-Serpents: Colubridae) using RAPD-PCR. Life Science Journal Acta Zhengzhou University Overseas Edition 9(1): 423-430.

Schacham, B. 2001. Polymorphism in the schokari sand snake, Psammophis schokari (Ophidia: Boiginae): an interim report on shelter use in the Palmahim sands, Israel. pp. 139-146. In: Valakos, E.; Lymberakis, P.; Pafilis, P. & Mylonas, M. (eds.). Herpetologia candiana. Natural History Museum of Crete, Irakleio. 151 pp.

Soorae, P.S. 2004. A herpetological survey of some islands in the Arabian Gulf, Abu Dhabi Emirate, United Arab Emirates. Zoology in the Middle East 32: 33-38.

Tapia, M. 2009. [Presence of Psammophis schokari in Melilla]. Boletin de la Asociacion Herpetologica Espanola 20: 94-95.

Tsellarius, A.Y.; Cherlin, V.A. 1981. [On the question of interspecific relationships of Psammophis lineolatum & Psammophis schokari in Badkhyz]. (In Russian, English summary). Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Turkmenskoi SSR Seriya Biologicheskikh Nauk 1981(1): 79-80.

Vasconcelos Gonçalves, D.; Martínez-Freiría, F.; Crochet, P.A.; Geniez, P.; Carranza, S.; Brito, J.C. 2018. The role of climatic cycles and trans-Saharan migration corridors in species diversification: Biogeography of Psammophis schokari group in North Africa. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 118: 64-74

Villiers, A. 1950. Contribution a l'étude de l'Air (Mission L. Chopard et A. Villiers). Reptiles. Ophidiens et cheloniens. Mem. Inst. Franc. Afr. Noire 10: 337-344.

Psammophis sibilans

Blackwell, K. 1954. Behaviour of the African snake, Psammophis sibilans, before and during egg laying. British Journal of Herpetology 1: 189.

Brandstätter, F. 1995. Haltung und Zucht der Sandrenn-Natter Psammophis sibilans (Linnaeus, 1758). Sauria (Berlin) 17(3): 3-7.

Brandstätter, F. 1996. Was Linnaeus wrong? - Errors and mistakes in the first description of Psammophis sibilans (Linnaeus, 1758) (Colubridae). Linnean 12(3): 36-39.

Broadley, D.G. 1959. Snakes of Southern Rhodesia. 8. The Olive Grass-Snake (Psammophis sibilans sibilans) (Linnaeus. African Wild Life 13: 29-31.

Broadley, D.G. 1959. The olive grass snake. African Wild Life 13: 29-31.

Broadley, D.G. 1963. Psammophis sibilans (Linnaeus 1758) - a taxonomic dustbin. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Rhodesia 20: 5-7.

FitzSimons, V. 1956. Reptiles and Amphibians of the Wonderboom Nature Reserve. Fauna and Flora (Pretoria) 7: 89-106.

Hughes, B. 2004. Misidentification of Dromophis lineatus (Dumeril & Bibron, 1854) as Psammophis sibilans (Linne 1758) and the perpetuation of error. African Journal of Herpetology 53(1): 63-76.

Hussein, M.F.; Boulos, R.; Al-Badry, K.S. 1977. Activity of some Egyptian reptiles with reference to light, humidity and temperature. Bulletin of the Faculty of Science Cairo University 46: 313-328.

Hussein, M.F.; Boulos, R.; Al-Badry, K.S. 1977. On the heat death of some Egyptian reptiles. Bulletin of the Faculty of Science Cairo University 46: 299-312.

Ibrahim, A.A. 2002. Geographic distribution: Psammophis sibilans sibilans (African Beauty Snake). Herpetological Review 33(1): 69.

Kamal, A.M. 1969. Observations on the egg-laying habits and period of incubation of the snake, Psammophis sibilans in captivity, with a note on the species of snakes present in Egypt. Proceedings zool. Soc. Un. Arab Rep. 3: 41-44.

Mohamed, H.A. 1990. Some physiological aspects during activity in three different species of snakes. Proceedings of the Zoological Society A.R. Egypt 21: 299-311.

Newman, A.C. 1965. Further observations from Umtali snake park. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Rhodesia 23/24: 55-57.

Rahm, U. 1953. Einige Schlangen des westafrikanischen Urwaldes. DATZ (Die Aquarien- und Terrarien-Zeitschrift) 6: 292-294.

Rider, D.S. 1958. Note on Psammophis s. sibilans food. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Rhodesia 4: 7.

Rudnai, J. 1987. A nine year record of snake sightings in the Embakasi area. E.A.N.H.S. (East Africa Natural History Society) Bulletin 17(2): 22-23.

Saad, A.H.; El-Deeb, S.; Shoukrey, N.; Soliman, M.A.W. 1995. Sex differences in skin allograft rejection in the snake, Psammophis sibilans. Herpetopathologia 2(2): 145-149.

Sayed, N.H.M. 2011. Genetic diversity among five Egyptian non-poisonous snakes using protein and isoenzymes electrophoresis. Life Science Journal Acta Zhengzhou University Overseas Edition 8(4): 1034-1042.

Sayed, N.H.M. 2012. Genetic diversity among eight Egyptian snakes (Squamata-Serpents: Colubridae) using RAPD-PCR. Life Science Journal Acta Zhengzhou University Overseas Edition 9(1): 423-430.

Steehouder, T. 1992. A successful cross-breeding with Psammophis sibilans and Psammophis subtaeniatus in the terrarium. Litteratura Serpentium (English Edition) 12(6): 134-144.

Villiers, A. 1950. Contribution a l'étude de l'Air (Mission L. Chopard et A. Villiers). Reptiles. Ophidiens et cheloniens. Mem. Inst. Franc. Afr. Noire 10: 337-344.

Villiers, A. 1956. Le Parc National du Niokolo-Koba, Reptiles. Memoires de l'Institut Fondamental D'Afrique Noire 48: 143-162.

Psammophis subtaeniatus

Böhme, W. 1987. Zur Kenntnis von Psammophis subtaeniatus Peters, 1882 an seinem nordöstlichen Arealand (Serpentes: Colubridae: Psammophini). Salamandra 23(2-3): 84-89.

Broadley, D.G. 1963. Snakes of Southern Rhodesia. 13. The stripe-bellied sandsnake (Psammophis subtaeniatus subtaeniatus Peters). African Wild Life 17: 39-40.

Gough, L.H. 1908. Description of two new species of Psammophis from South Africa. Zoologischer Anzeiger 33: 101-103.

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1982. Opinion 1210. Psammophis sibilans subtaeniata Peters, 1882 (Reptilia, Serpentes): conserved. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 39(2): 114-116.

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1982. Opinion 1210. Psammophis sibilans subtaeniata Peters, 1882 (Reptilia, Serpentes): conserved. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 39(2): 114-116.

Steehouder, T. 1992. A successful cross-breeding with Psammophis sibilans and Psammophis subtaeniatus in the terrarium. Litteratura Serpentium (English Edition) 12(6): 134-144.

Psammophis sudanensis

Böhme, W. 1986. Preliminary note on the taxonomic status of Psammophis leucogaster Spawls, 1983 (Colubridae: Psammophini). Litteratura Serpentium (English Edition) 6(5): 171-180.

Sayed, N.H.M. 2012. Genetic diversity among eight Egyptian snakes (Squamata-Serpents: Colubridae) using RAPD-PCR. Life Science Journal Acta Zhengzhou University Overseas Edition 9(1): 423-430.

Steehouder, A.M. 1984. Repeated successful breeding of the red striped sand snake Psammophis subtaeniatus sudanensis, and some remarks on the 'polishing behaviour' of this species. Litteratura Serpentium 4(3-4): 90-103.

Steehouder, A.M. 1986. Breeding results. Psammophis subtaeniatus sudanensis. Litteratura Serpentium (English Edition) 6(2): 76.

Steehouder, A.M. 1986. Possible external differences of sex in Psammophis subtaeniatus sudanensis. Litteratura Serpentium (English Edition) 6(4): 127-130.

Steehouder, A.M. 1992. Remarkable tail loss in Psammophis subtaeniatus sudanensis. Litteratura Serpentium (English Edition) 12(3): 50-51.

Trape, J.F. 2005. Note sur quelques serpents meconnus du Burkina Faso de la collection de Benigno Roman. Bulletin de la Societe Herpetologique de France 116: 39-49.

Psammophis tanganicus

Bezy, R.L.; Drewes, R.C. 1985. Specific status of the east African colubrid snake, Psammophis tanganicus. Journal of Herpetology 19(2): 246-253.

Psammophis trinasalis

Broadley, D.G. 2002. A review of the species of Psammophis Boie found south of latitude 12S (serpentes: Psammophiinae). African Journal of Herpetology 51(2): 83-119.

FitzSimons, V.; Brain, C.K. 1958. A short account of the reptiles of the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park. Koedoe 1: 99-104.

Flemming, A.F. 1994. Reproductive cycles of the snakes Psammophis crucifer, P. leightoni trinasalis and P. notostictus (Serpentes: Colubridae) in the Orange Free State, South Africa. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 43: 19-27.

Hoesch, W. 1960. Südwestafrikanische Schlangen im Vivarium. DATZ (Die Aquarien- und Terrarien-Zeitschrift) 13: 342-343.

Spawls, S.; Graff, J. de 1989. New snake records for Botswana, southern Africa. Herpetological Review 20(1): 14-15.

Werner, F. 1903. Über Reptilien und Batrachier aus Guatemala und China in der zoologischen Staats-Sammlung in München, nebst einem Anhang über seltene Formen aus anderen Gebieten. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 22(2): 343-384.

Psammophis trivirgatus

Cottone, A.M.; Bauer, A.M. 2009. Ecological notes on two sympatric Psammophis species from East Africa. African Journal of Herpetology 58(2): 126-130.

Kirchhof, S.; Bosco Losogo, L.; Malonza, P.K. 2018. Natural history notes: Psammophis punctulatus trivirgatus (Southern Speckled Sand Snake). Diet. Herpetological Review 49(3): 552-553.

Spawls, S. 1973. An ususual concentration of sand snakes. Bulletin E. Afr. nat. Hist. Soc. 1973(Sept.): 122-123.

Psammophis zambiensis

Hughes, B.; Wade, E. 2002. On the African leopard whip snake, Psammophis leopardinus Bocage, 1887 (Serpentes, Colubridae), with the description of a new species from Zambia. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum Zoology Series 68(2): 75-81.