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Taxonomy of the genus Ophiophagus Biodiversity of the family Elapidae [terrestrial species]

Bibliography of the genus
Ophiophagus (King Cobra)

(Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae)

Note: In order to limit redundancy, relevant literature indexed in the related bibliographies in the left column may not have been included in this page. For a comprehensive search of literature, these bibliographies should therefore also be consulted.


Ophiophagus hannah

Various authors. 2013. King Cobra Special Issue. Hamadryad 36(2): 1-184. (King Cobra related articles pp. 1-107).

Acharjyo, L.N.; Mohapatra, S.; Mishra, B. 1978. On skin sloughing of king cobras, Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor) in captivity. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 75(1): 234-236.

Acharjyo, L.N.; Murthy, T.S.N. 1983. Studies on the king cobras of Orissa, India. The Snake 15(1): 22-31.

Acharjyo, L.N.; Patnaik, S.K. 1987. A note on longevity of a king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) in captivity. Hamadryad 12(1): 2.

Balaji, K.; Satyanarayana, J.E. 2018. Reptile Rap: King Cobra: Occurrence of Ophiophagus hannah in Papikonda National Park, Eastern Ghats, Andhra Pradesh. Zoos' Print Magazine 33(3): 15-18.

Balaji, K.; Satyanarayana, J.E. 2018. King Cobra: Occurrence of Ophiophagus hannah in Papikonda National Park, Eastern Ghats, Andhra Pradesh. Zoos' Print 33(3): 15-18.

Barve, S.; Bhaisare, D.; Ajay, G.; Shankar, P.G.; Whitaker, R.; Goode, M. 2013. A preliminary study on translocation of "rescued" King Cobras (Ophiophagus hannah). Hamadryad 36(2): 80-86.

Bashir, T.; Poudyal, K.; Bhattacharyya, T.; Sathyakumar, S.; Subba, J.B. 2010. Sighting of king cobra Ophiophagus hannah in Sikkim, India: a new altitude record for the northeast. Journal of Threatened Taxa 2(6): 990-991.

Bedi, R. 1984. Indian wildlife. Brijbasi, New Delhi. 312 pp.

Bhat, H.R. 2000. King Cobra swallowing rock python. Cobra (Chennai) 42: 12-14.

Bhattacharyya, T.P.; Mitra, D. 2005. Status, distribution and bioecology of King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) in the Sundarbans Mangroves. Tigerpaper (Bangkok) 32(2): 8-13.

Biswas, S.; Acharjyo, L.N.; Misra, R. 1976. On the feeding habits of the king cobra Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor) at Nandankanan Biological Park, Orissa. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 73(1): 225-226.

Bogert, C.M. 1945. Hamadryas preoccupied for the king cobra. Copeia 1945: 47.

Bogert, C.M. 1954. Snakes that spit their venom. Animal Kingdom 57: 66-70.

Burchfield, P.M. 1977. Breeding the king cobra Ophiophagus hannah at Brownsville Zoo. International Zoo Yearbook 17: 136-140.

Burton, R.W. 1950. The record hamadryad or king cobra [Naja hannah (Cantor)] and lengths and weights of large specimens. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 49(3): 561-562.

Champion-Jones, R.N. 1938. The head shields of the hamadryad (Naia hannah): an abnormal example. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 40: 336.

Charlton, T. 2018. King Cobra: Natural History and Captive Management. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. 151 pp.

Cochran, D.M. 1944. Dangerous reptiles (popular). Rep. Smithson. Instn. 1943: 275-325.

Craddock, W.H. 1903. Food of the Hamadryad or King Cobra. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 15: 143.

Daniels, R.J.R. 2000. Notes on King Cobra behaviour. Cobra (Chennai) 42: 15-19.

Das, A.; Nair, M.V.; Ahmed, M.F.; Sharma, P.K. 2008. Distribution of King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) in northeastern India with new altitudinal record and notes on its habitat. Tigerpaper (Bangkok) 35(4): 1-6.

Das, I.; Ghodke, S. 2003. Natural history notes: Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Juvenile diet. Herpetological Review 34(3): 253.

Das, I.; Whitaker, R. 1996. Bibliography of the king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah). Smithsonian Herpetological Information Service 108: 1-24.

Dattatri, S. 1987. Breeding the king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) in captivity. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 84(1): 222-227.

Dobbs, J.S. 1967. The feeding of dead food to a king cobra Ophiophagus hannah. International Zoo Yearbook 7: 229.

Dolia, J. 2018. Notes on the distribution and natural history of the King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah Cantor, 1836) from the Kumaon Hills of Uttarakhand, India. Herpetology Notes 11: 217-222.

Dunton, S. 1955. King cobras. Animal Kingdom 58: 110.

Evans, G.H. 1902. The King Cobra, or Hamadryad, Naia bungarus (Boulenger), Ophiophagus elaps (Gunther). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 14: 409-418.

Faiz, A.U.H.; Fakhar-i-Abbas; Bagaturov, M.F.; Faiz, L.Z.; Akhtar, T. 2017. First sighting and occurrence record of King cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) in Pakistan. Herpetology Notes 10: 349-350.

Fleming, R.L.; Fleming, R.L. 1973. Some snakes from Nepal. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 70(3): 426-437.

Ganthavorn, S. 1971. A case of king cobra bite. Toxicon 9: 293-294.

Gaulke, M.; Curio, E. 2008. Die Jugendzeichnung zentral-philippinischer Königskobras (Ophiophagus hannah). Sauria (Berlin) 30(3): 47-50.

Gaulke, M.; Demegillo, A.; Reiter, J.; Tacud, B. 2003. Additions to the herpetofauna of Panay Island, Philippines. Salamandra 39(2): 111-122.

Greene, H.W. 1976. Scale overlap, a directional sign stimulus for prey ingestion by ophiophagous snakes. Zeitschrift Tierpsychol. 41(2): 113-120.

Harit, D.N. 2009. King Cobra Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor, 1836) (Reptilia: Elapidae) and its record clutch size in Mizoram, north east India. Cobra (Chennai) 3(1): 4-6.

Harrison, T. 1950. Chick versus king cobra. Sarawak Museum Journal 5(2): 326-327.

Hesed, K. 2006. Natural history notes: Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Diet. Herpetological Review 37(4): 480.

Home, W.M.L. 1928. Hamadryads in the Kumaon Terai. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 32(3): 610-611.

Howe, P.A.W. 1931. Encounter with a hamadryad. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 35: 225-226.

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1964. Opinion 709. Dendraspis Fitzinger, 1843 (ReptiJia): suppressed, under the Plenary Powers. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 21: 210-211.

Jones, G.S. 1974. Distribution records of Ophiophagus hannah (Serpentes) and Tamiops rodolophei: (Mammalia). Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum 27(1-2): 133-134.

Jones, R.N.C. 1936. An encounter with a hamadryad (Naia bungarus). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 39: 185.

Joshi, R. 2018. Varanus bengalensis predation by Ophiophagus hannah in Rajaji Tiger Reserve, India. Biawak 12(1): 34-36.

Joynson, H.W. 1917. A hamadryad's nest. Journal of the Natural History Society of Siam 2(3): 255.

Kauffeld, C.F. 1947. The Hooden Clan. Fauna (Philadelphia) 9: 82-87.

Kauffeld, C.F. 1954. Manipulation of odor as an aid in feeding captive snakes, with special reference to king cobras. Herpetologica 10: unpaginated.

Kauffeld, C.F. 1963. More at home with cobras. Conclusion: the king. Bulletin of the Philadelphia Herpetological Society 11: 13-18.

Krishna, S.B. 2002. Natural history notes: Ohpiophagus [Ophiophagus] hannah (King Cobra). Diet. Herpetological Review 33(2): 141.

Leakey, J.H.E. 1969. Observations made on king cobras in Thailand during May 1966. Journal nat. Res. Counc. Thailand 5: 1-10.

Lester, J.W. 1949. Sexual behaviour of grass snake with hamadryad. British Journal of Herpetology 1(2): 54.

Leviton, A.E. 1964. Contribution to a review of Philippine snakes. 7. The snakes of the genera Naja and Ophiophagus. Philippine Journal of Science 93: 531-550.

Lim, K.K.P.; Leong, T.M.; Lim, F.L.K. 2011. The King Cobra, Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor) in Singapore (Reptilia: Squamata: Elapidae). Nature in Singapore 4: 143-156.

Lobo, J.V.; Sreepada. K.S. 2018. Successful captive breeding of King Cobra Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor, 1836) at Pilikula Biological Park, Mangaluru, India. Russian Journal of Herpetology 25(1): 71-73.

MacDonald, A. 1948. Hamadryad at Bhim Tal, U.P. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 47: 389-390.

Menon, M.G.K. 1942. The king cobra (Naia hannah) in captivity. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 43(3): 531-532.

Misra, R.; Acharjyo, L.N.; Kumar, H.S. 1976. Some observations on the king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) at Nandankanan Biological Park, Orissa. Indian Forester 102(3): 189-190.

Mitra, D. 1996. Shedding of fangs in king cobra. Cobra (Madras) 23: 39.

Mohandas, T.V. 2004. Hatching of King Cobra eggs in Kudremukh National Park. Indian Forester 130(10): 1214.

Morris, R.C. 1926. Record of a death from the bite of a hamadryad or king cobra (Naia hannah). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 31: 226.

Murthy, K.L.N.; Murthy, K.V.R. 2010. Dead King Cobra Ophiophagus hannah found near Srikakulam in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh. Reptile Rap 10: 27-28.

Murthy, K.L.N.; Murthy, K.V.R. 2012. Sightings of King Cobra Ophiophagus hannah in northern coastal Andhra Pradesh. Reptile Rap 14: 29-32.

Mustill, F.J. 1936. A hamadryad's nest and eggs. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 39: 186-187.

Mutusamy, E.; Gopalakrishnakone, P. 1990. A king cobra bite, case report. The Snake 22: 60-62.

Nainggolan, F.J. 1932. [Nogmaals over de giftigheid van Naja bungarus (N. hannah)]. (In Dutch). Geneesk. Tijdschr. Ned. Indie 72: 307-308.

Nalavade, S.B. 2000. What is the northernmost range of the King Cobra Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor) in the western Ghats? Cobra (Chennai) 40: 14-16.

Oliver, J.A. 1956. Reproduction in the king cobra, Ophiophagus hannah Cantor. Zoologica (New York) 41(4): 145-152.

Panrak, P. 2010. 3.5 m. king cobra captured in Sattahip. Pattaya Mail 38(4) (October 1-7).

Peng, S.S.; Kumar, T.K.S.; Jayaraman, G.; Chang, C.C.; Chin, Y. 1997. Solution structure of toxin b, a long neurotoxin from the venom of the king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah). Journal of Biological Chemistry 272(12): 7817-7823.

Pfaff, C.S. 1996. The status of king cobras in North American zoos. American Zoo and Aquarium Association Regional Conference Proceedings 1996: 329-332.

Polder, J.J.W. 1969. Feeding king cobras Ophiophagus hannah at Rotterdam Zoo. International Zoo Yearbook 9: 56.

Rameshwaran, M. 2014. Recent records of King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) from dry eastern slopes of southern Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu. Cobra (Chennai) 8(2): 12-17.

Rao, C.; Gautam, T.; Choudhury, B.C.; Shankar, P.G.; Whitaker, R.; Goode, M. 2013. Habitat use of King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) in a heterogeneous landscape matrix in the tropical forests of the Western Ghats, India. Hamadryad 36(2): 69-79.

Rasaily, S.S.; Rai, M.; Chandran, M. 2008. First ever sighting of King Cobra nest in the Kumaon Hills of Uttarakhand. Indian Forester 134(10): 1405-1408.

Rooijen, J. van; Rooijen, M. van 2002. Einige Ergänzungen, Berichtigungen und neue Beobachtungen zur Herpetofauna von Pulau Tioman, west-Malaysia. Sauria (Berlin) 24(3): 3-12.

Saha, B.K. 2006. Distribution of King Cobra in northern Bengal. Herpinstance 4(1): 1.

Sangha, H.S.; Naoroji, R.; Sharma, M. 2011. Sighting of King Cobra Ophiophagus hannah in Arunachal Pradesh, India: a new altitude record for northeastern India. Reptile RAP 11: 19-20.

Shankar, P.G.; Ganesh, S.R.; Whitaker, R.; Prashanth, P. 2013. King Cobra Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor, 1836) encounters in human-modified rainforests of the Western Ghats, India. Hamadryad 36(2): 62-68.

Shankar, P.G.; Singh, A.; Ganesh, S.R.; Whitaker, R. 2013. Factors influencing human hostility to King Cobras (Ophiophagus hannah) in the Western Ghats of India. Hamadryad 36(2): 91-100.

Shankar, P.G.; Whitaker, R. 2013. Cannibalism in wild and captive King Cobras Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor, 1836). Hamadryad 36(2): 87-90.

Shankari, P.G.; Whitaker, N. 2009. Ecdysis in the King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah). Russian Journal of Herpetology 16(1): 1-5.

Siler, C.D.; Welton, L.J.; Brown, R.M.; Infante, C.; Diesmos, A.C. 2011. Natural history notes: Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Diet. Herpetological Review 42(2): 297.

Singh, A.; Joshi, R. 2016. A first record of the King Cobra Ophiophagus hannah (Reptilia: Squamata: Elapidae) nest from Garhwal Himalaya, northern India. Zoos' Print Magazine 31(9): 9-11.

Smith, H.C. 1936. A hamadryad's (Naia bungarus) nest and eggs. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 89: 186.

Smith, M.A. 1946. Cobras and king cobras. Zoo Life 1: 39-42.

Smith, W.J.L. 1935. Mating of the hamadryad or king cobra (Naia bungarus Schleg.). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 38: 200-201.

Soderberg, P. 1966. The proper scientific name of the hamadryad or king cobra. Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society 21: 343.

Soderberg, P. 1970. The seven major poisonous snakes of Thailand. 2. King cobra and the banded krait. Conservation News of South East Asia 7 [1966]: 60-61.

Strine, C.T.; Silva, I.; Crane, M.; Nadolski, B.; Artchawakom, T.; Goode, M.; Suwanwaree, P. 2014. Mortality of a wild King Cobra, Ophiophagus hannah Cantor, 1836 (Serpentes: Elapidae) from Northeast Thailand after ingesting a plastic bag. Asian Herpetological Research 5(4): 284-286.

Stuart, B.; Wogan, G.; Grismer, L.; Auliya, M.; Inger, R.F.; Lilley, R.; Chan-Ard, T.; Thy, N.; Nguyen, T.Q.; Srinivasulu, C.; Jelic, D. 2012. Ophiophagus hannah. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012: e.T177540A1491874. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T177540A1491874.en.

Subba Rao, M.V. 2013. Conservation of an endangered King Cobra in Salur Wildlife Sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh, India. B.R. Pub. Corp., Delhi. 125 pp.

Sy, E.Y. 2016. Geographic distribution: Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Herpetological Review 47(2): 263.

Sy, E.Y. 2016. Geographic distribution: Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Herpetological Review 47(2): 264.

Sy, E.Y. 2017. Geographic distribution: Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Herpetological Review 48(1): 130.

Sy, E.Y.; Baniqued, R.D.; Diesmos, A.C. 2016. Geographic distribution: Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Herpetological Review 47(2): 263-264.

Sy, E.Y.; Boos, R. 2015. Geographic distribution: Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Herpetological Review 46(2): 220.

Sy, E.Y.; Dichaves, J.A.L. 2017. Geographic Distribution: Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Herpetological Review 48(3): 591.

Sy, E.Y.; Labatos, B.V. 2017. Geographic distribution: Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Herpetological Review 48(1): 130.

Sy, E.Y.; Layola, L.A. de; Yu, C.M.T.; Diesmos, A.C. 2015. Geographic distribution: Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Herpetological Review 46(2): 220-221.

Sy, E.Y.; Letana, S.D. 2017. Geographic distribution: Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Herpetological Review 48(1): 130.

Sy, E.Y.; Wallbank, M. 2013. Geographic distribution: Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Philippines: Romblon Province. Herpetological Review 44(1): 110.

Theobald, C. 1925. Record of a death from bite of the hamadryad or king Cobra (Naia hannah). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 30: 706.

Urriza, R.C.; Elec, J.A.; Palapac, A.S. 2017. Geographic Distribution: Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Herpetological Review 48(3): 591.

Vonk, F.J.; Casewell, N.R.; Henkel, C.V.; Heimberg, A.M.; Jansen, H.J.; McCleary, R.J.R.; Kerkkamp, H.M.E.; Vos, R.A.; Guerreiro, I.; Calvete, J.J.; Wüster, W.; Woods, A.E.; Logan, J. 2013. The king cobra genome reveals dynamic gene evolution and adaptation in the snake venom system. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 110(51): 20651-20656.

Wall, F. 1924. The hamadryad or king cobra, Naia hannah (Cantor). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 30: 189-195.

Wegner, A.M.R. 1953. Slangen. III. (Die slangen van de Indo-Australisches Archipel). De Tropische Natuur 23(1): 3-9.

Weissenberg, S.; Ovadia, M.; Kochva, E. 1987. Species specific sensitivity towards the hemorrhagin of Ophiophagus hannah (Elapidae). Toxicon 25(5): 475-481.

Whitaker, N.; Shankar, P.G. 2002. Workshop on the Captive Management and Husbandry of the King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) at the Madras Crocodile Bank Centre for Herpetology, 5th-8th December, 2000. Reptile Rap (Newletter of the Reptile Network of South Asia) 4: 5-8.

Whitaker, N.; Shankar, P.G.; Whitaker, R. 2013. Nesting ecology of the King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) in India. Hamadryad 36(2): 101-107.

Whitaker, R.; Goode, M.; Gowri, S.P. 2011. Application of radiotelemetry techniques in snake research: King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah, Cantor, 1836) in Agumbe, Karnataka, India. ENVIS Bulletin Wildlife and Protected Areas 13(1): 151-160.

Whitaker, R.; Whitaker, N.; Martin, G. 2005. Notes on the captive husbandry of the King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) at the Centre for Herpetology/Madras Crocodile Bank, India. Herpetological Review 36(1): 47-49.

Whitaker, Z. (ed.) 1984. King cobras bred at the Snake Park. Hamadryad 9(3): 2.

Yadav, O.V.; Yankanchi, S.R. 2015. Occurence of Ophiophagus hannah Cantor, 1836 (Squamata, Elapidae) in Tillari, Maharashtra, India. Herpetology Notes 8: 493-494.

Yeomans, L. 2011. Breeding king cobras. Part 1. Feeding and sexing (including a new discovery in hemipene transformation). Herptile 36(3): 89-94.

Yeomans, L. 2011. Handling king cobras. Part 2. Hooks, gloves, and free handling. Herptile 36(2): 64-71.

Yeomans, L. 2011. Hearing in king cobras - a new discovery to science part 1. Herptile 36(1): 38-39.

Yeomans, L. 2011. Raising baby king cobras. Herptile 36(1): 7-11.

Yoganand, T.R.K.; Mohammed-Ali, S. 1993. A king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) from a marginal habitat. Hamadryad 18: 46.

Young, B.A. 1991. Morphological basis of 'growling' in the king cobra, Ophiophagus hannah. Journal of Experimental Zoology 260(3): 275-287.

Young, B.A.; Solomon, J.; Abishahin, G. 1999. How many ways can a snake growl? The morphology of sound production in Ptyas mucosus and its potential mimicry of Ophiophagus. Herpetological Journal 9(3): 89-94.

Zhao, E.; Li, S. 1983. Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor), a record new to Xizang (Tibet) Autonomous Region, China. Acta Herpetologica Sinica 2(4): 44.

Zhao, E.; Li, S. 1987. [The herpetofaunal composition and characteristics of Mount Namjagbarwa, Tibet]. (In Chinese, English summary). Acta Herpetologica Sinica 6(2): 36-42.

Zhao, E.; Liu, X.; Kang, S. 1986. Five snake species new to Sichuan. Acta Herpetologica Sinica 5(2): 157.

Zhong, C.; Zhou, W. 1988. Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor) found in Ruijin County, Jiangxi. Acta Herpetologica Sinica 1988(2): 153.