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Taxonomy of the family Elapidae [terrestrial species] Biodiversity of the family Elapidae [terrestrial species]

Bibliography of the family
Elapidae
[part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.)

(Reptilia: Serpentes)

Note: In order to limit redundancy, relevant literature indexed in the related bibliographies in the left column may not have been included in this page. For a comprehensive search of literature, these bibliographies should therefore also be consulted.


Baverstock, P.R.; Schwaner, T.D. 1985. Phylogeny of Australian elapid snakes: the genetic approach. pp. 159-164. In: Grigg, G., Shine, R. & Ehmann, H. (eds.). Biology of Australian frogs and reptiles. Surrey Beatty & Sons & Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, Chipping Norton, New South Wales. 527 pp.

Bogert, C.M. 1943. Dentitional phenomena in cobras and other elapids with notes on adaptive modifications. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 81(3): 285-360.

Bower, D.S.; Valentine, L.E.; Grice, A.C.; Hodgson, L.; Schwarzkopf, L. 2014. A trade-off in conservation: Weed management decreases the abundance of common reptile and frog species while restoring an invaded floodplain. Biological Conservation 178: 123-128.

Braga, R.T.; Oliveira de Grande, T.; Souza Barreto, B. de; Diniz-Filho, J.A.F.; Terribile, L.C. 2014. Elucidating the global elapid (Squamata) richness pattern under metabolic theory of ecology. Acta Oecologica 56: 41-46.

Branch, W.R. 1979. The venomous snakes of southern Africa. Part 2. Elapidae and Hydrophiidae. Snake 11(2): 199-225.

Branch, W.R. 1981. The venomous snakes of southern Africa. 2. Elapidae and Hydrophidae. Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society 17(1): 1-47.

Brazenor, C.W. 1947. A new snake from Torokina, Bougainville Island. Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria 15: 128-130.

Brewer, D.; Heales, D.; Milton, D.; Dell, Q.; Fry, G.; Venables, B.; Jones, P. 2006. The impact of turtle excluder devices and bycatch reduction devices on diverse tropical marine communities in Australia's northern prawn trawl fishery. Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) 81(2-3): 176-188.

Cabrelli, A.L.; Stow, A.J.; Hughes, L. 2014. A framework for assessing the vulnerability of species to climate change: a case study of the Australian elapid snakes. Biodiversity and Conservation 23(12): 3019-3034.

Campbell, J.A.; Lamar, W.W. 2004. The venomous reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. Vol. 1-2. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, N.Y. 870 pp.

Castoe, T.A.; Smith, E.N.; Brown, R.M.; Parkinson, C.L. 2007. Higher-level phylogeny of Asian and American Coralsnakes, their placement within the Elapidae (Squamata), and the systematic affinities of the enigmatic Asian Coralsnake Hemibungarus calligaster Wiegmann, 1834. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151(4): 809-831.

Cogger, H.G. 1985. Australian proteroglyphous snakes - an historical overview. pp. 143-154. In: Grigg, G., Shine, R. & Ehmann, H. (eds.). Biology of Australian frogs and reptiles. Surrey Beatty & Sons & Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, Chipping Norton, New South Wales. 527 pp.

David, P.; Vogel, G. 2010. Venomous snakes of Europe, Northern, Central, and Western Asia. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main. 162 pp.

Detrait, J.; Saint Girons, H. 1986. Correlations entre les communautes antigeniques des venins et le pouvoir neutralisant des immunserums antiveniment chez des Elapidae et des Viperidae. Rapports avec la position systematique. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 111(3-4): 173-182.

Dickinson, W.H. 1945. On "spitting" cobras. Herpetologica 8: 28-30.

Dobiey, M.; Vogel, G. 2007. Venomous snakes of Africa / Giftschlangen Afrikas. [Terralog vol. 15]. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main. 148 pp.

Eipper, S. 2012. A Guide to Australian Snakes in Captivity: Elapids and Colubrids. Australian Birdkeeper / Reptile Publications, Burleigh, Queensland. 280 pp.

Gehlbach, F.R. 1970. Death-feigning and erratic behaviour in leptotyphlopid, colubrid, and elapid snakes. Herpetologica 26: 24-34.

Goetz, J.C. 1974. Field notes on elapid snakes of East and South Africa. Herp 10(3-4): 3-8.

Golay, P. 1985. Checklist and keys to the terrestrial proteroglyphs of the world (Serpentes: Elapidae-Hydrophiidae). Elapsoidea, Geneva: I-Ix, 1-91.

Golay, P.; Smith, H.M.; Broadley, D.G.; Dixon, J.R.; McCarthy, C.; Rage, J.C.; Sch tti, B.; Toriba, M. 1993. Endoglyphs and other major venomous snakes of the world: a checklist. Azemiops, Geneva, Switzerland. 478 pp.

Gorman, G.C. 1981. The chromosomes of Laticauda and a review of karyotypic evolution in the Elapidae. Journal of Herpetology 15(2): 225-233.

Greene, H.W.; Pyburn, W.F. 1973. Comments on aposematism and mimicry among coral snakes. Biologist, Va 55(4): 144-148.

Harding, K.A.; Welch, K.R.G. 1980. Venomous snakes of the world. A checklist. Pergamon, New York. 188 pp.

Hoser, R.T. 2002. Further comments on sidewinding in Australian elapid snakes with a report on sidewinding in a pygopodid lizard. Herpetofauna (Sydney) 32(1): 54.

Hoser, R.T. 2012. A reassessment of the higher taxonomy of the Elapidae. Australasian Journal of Herpetology 10: 49-63.

Hoser, R.T. 2013. New tribes and sub-tribes of vipers and elapid snakes and two new species of snake (Squamata: Serpentes). Australasian Journal of Herpetology 17: 58-63.

Hutchinson, M.N. 1990. The generic classification of the Australian terrestrial elapid snakes. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 29(3): 397-405.

Ineich, I.; Martelli, J.L.; Clary, J. 2002. Catalogue des collections de reptiles du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Lyon. Troisieme note: Elapidae (Elapinae et Hydrophiinae). Cahiers Scientifiques Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Lyon 1: 5-14.

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1982. Opinion 1201. Elapidae Boie, 1827 (Reptilia, Serpentes): ruling to stabilize nomenclature of taxa in this family (and others). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 39(1): 21-26.

Jackson, K. 2002. How tubular venom-conducting fangs are formed. Journal of Morphology 252(3): 291-297.

Kamal, A.M. 1969. The phylogenetic position of the family Elapidae in the light of the developmental study of the skull. Zeitschrift Zool. Syst. Evolforsch. 7: 254-259.

Kamal, A.M. 1977. Notes on the distinctive characters of the elapid osteocranium. Bulletin of the Faculty of Science Cairo University 46: 121-125.

Kardong, K.V. 1983. The evolution of the venom apparatus in snakes from colubrids to viperids and elapids. Memorias do Instituto Butantan (Sao Paulo) 46 [1982]: 105-118.

Kellaway, C.H.; Eades, T. 1929. Field notes on the common Australian venomous snakes. Med. J. Australia 2: 249-257.

Keogh, J.S. 1998. Molecular phylogeny of elapid snakes and a consideration of their biogeographic history. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 63(2): 177-203.

Keogh, J.S. 1999. Evolutionary implications of hemipenial morphology in the terrestrial Australian elapid snakes. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 125(2): 239-278.

Klemmer, K. 1963. Liste der rezenten Giftschlangen. Elapidae, Hydrophiidae, Viperidae und Crotalidae. pp. 253-464. In: Anonymous. Die Giftschlangen der Erde. Behringwerk-Mitteilungen, Sonderband, Marburg/Lahn.

Knight, A.; Mindell, D.P. 1994. On the phylogenetic relationship of Colubrinae, Elapidae, and Viperidae and the evolution of front-fanged venom systems in snakes. Copeia 1: 1-9.

Lee, M.S.Y. 1997. Phylogenetic relationships among Australian elapid snakes: the soft anatomical data reconsidered. Herpetological Journal 7(3): 93-102.

Leitao de Araujo, M. 1978. Notas sobre ovos de serpentes (Boidae, Colubridae, Elapidae e Viperidae). Iheringia (Zoologia) 51: 9-37.

Leitao de Araujo, M.; Ely, L.A.M. 1980. Notas sobre a biologia de tanatofidios criados em cativeiro - 2-2 parte (Ophidia-Elapidae e Viperidae). Iheringia Serie Zoologia 55: 9-26.

Lillywhite, H.B. 1980. Behavioral thermoregulation in Australian elapid snakes. Copeia 1980(3): 452-458.

Longmore, R. 1986. Atlas of elapid snakes of Australia. Australian Flora and Fauna Series 7. Bureau of Flora and Fauna, Canberra. 115 pp.

Maryan, B. 1997. Aussie elapids are friendly. Monitor (Journal of the Victorian Herpetological Society) 9(1): 3-5.

McCarthy, C.J. 1985. Monophyly of elapid snakes (Serpentes: Elapidae). An assessment of the evidence. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 83(1): 79-93.

McDowell, S.B. 1967. Aspidomorphus, a genus of New Guinea snakes of the family Elapidae, with notes on the related genera. Journal of Zoology (London) 151: 497-543.

McDowell, S.B. 1985. The terrestrial Australian elapids: general summary. pp. 261-264. In: Grigg, G., Shine, R. & Ehmann, H. (eds.). Biology of Australian frogs and reptiles. Surrey Beatty & Sons & Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, Chipping Norton, New South Wales. 527 pp.

McLain, J.M. 1984. Venomous snakes of the world - family Elapidae. Freshwater and Marine Aquarium 7(1): 42-43, 53-54.

Meier, J.; Stocker, K.F. 1995. Biology and distribution of venomous snakes of medical importance and the composition of snake venoms. pp. 367-412. In: Meier, J. & White, J. (eds.). Handbook of clinical toxicology of animal venoms and poisons. CRC Press, Boca Raton, New York, etc. 752 pp.

Mengden, G.A. 1983. The taxonomy of Australian elapid snakes: a review. Records of the Australian Museum 35(5): 195-222.

Mengden, G.A. 1985. Australian elapid phylogeny: a summary of the chromosomal and electrophoretic data. pp. 185-192. In: Grigg, G., Shine, R. & Ehmann, H. (eds.). Biology of Australian frogs and reptiles. Surrey Beatty & Sons & Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, Chipping Norton, New South Wales. 527 pp.

Mori, A.; Hasegawa, M. 1997. The Coral Snake "mimic" problem, reconsidered. (In Japanese). Biological Sciences (Tokyo) 49(1): 32-36.

Morris, K.D.; Rice, G.E. 1981. Some vertebrates recorded on a visit to Queen Victoria Spring in December 1977. Western Australian Naturalist 15(1): 11-13.

Mulvany, D.P.F. 1936. An adventure with a cobra. Journal R. Army Med. Corps 66(1): 36-38.

Murphy, J.B. 2014. Studies on venomous reptiles in zoos and aquariums. Part I. Introduction, rear-fanged colubrid snakes, elapids, sea kraits and seasnakes. Herpetological Review 45(1): 158-178.

Noyes, H. 1934. Spitting cobras. Field 1934: 1477.

Ogamba, E.N.; Abowei, J.F.N. 2012. Some aquatic reptiles in culture fisheries management. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 1(1): 5-15.

Peters, U. 1977. Einige australische Schlangen. Aquarium (Minden) 11(95): 221-226.

Petzold, H.G. 1976. Bemerkungen zur F tterungstechnik bei nahrungsspezialisierten Giftnattern und einige Angaben zur Haltungsdauer von Elapiden im Tierpark Berlin. Zoologische Garten (Jena) 46(1-2): 9-23.

Rasmussen, S.; Young, B.; Krimm, H. 1995. On the 'spitting' behaviour in cobras (Serpentes: Elapidae). Journal of Zoology (London) 237(1): 27-35.

Reed, R.N.; Shine, R. 2002. Lying in wait for extinction: ecological correlates of conservation status among Australian elapid snakes. Conservation Biology 16(2): 451-461.

Reid, H.A. 1965. Cobra bites. Trop. Dis. Bull 62: 137-138.

Rose, W. 1956. Survival value of hoodspreading in cobras. African Wild Life 10: 226.

Roze, J.A. 1967. A check list of the New World venomous coral snakes (Elapidae), with descriptions of new forms. American Museum Novitates 2287: 1-60.

Sanders, K.L.; Lee, M.S.Y. 2008. Molecular evidence for a rapid late-Miocene radiation of Australasian venomous snakes (Elapidae, Colubroidea). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46(3): 1165-1173.

Savage, J.M.; Slowinski, J.B. 1992. The colouration of the venomous Coral Snakes (family Elapidae) and their mimics (families Aniliidae and Colubridae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 45(3): 235-254.

Scanlon, J.D. 2001. Sidewinding in terrestrial Australian elapid snakes. Herpetofauna (Sydney) 31(1): 11-18.

Schmidt, C.V.; Gorb, S.N. 2012. Snake scale microstructure: phylogenetic significance and functional adaptations. Zoologica (Stuttgart) 157: 1-106.

Schmidt, D. 1994. Verdammt und beliebt - Giftschlangen! DATZ (Die Aquarien- und Terrarien-Zeitschrift) 47(3): 166-168.

Shaw, C.E. 1951. Male combat in American colubrid snakes with remarks on combat in other colubrid and elapid snakes. Herpetologica 7: 149-168.

Shaw, C.E. 1958. All cobras have hoods. Zoonooz 31: 10-13.

Shea, G.; Shine, R.; Covacevich, J.C. 1993. Family Elapidae. pp. 295-309. In: Glasby, C.J.; Ross, G.J.B. & Beesley, P.L. (eds.). Fauna of Australia. Vol. 2A. Amphibia & Reptilia. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra. 439 pp.

Shine, R. 1977. Reproduction in Australian elapid snakes. 2. Female reproductive cycles. Australian Journal of Zoology 25(4): 655-666.

Shine, R. 1979. Activity patterns in Australian elapid snakes (Squamata: Serpentes: Elapidae). Herpetologica 35(1): 1-11.

Shine, R. 1985. Ecological evidence of the phylogeny of Australian elapid snakes. pp. 255-260. In: Grigg, G., Shine, R. & Ehmann, H. (eds.). Biology of Australian frogs and reptiles. Surrey Beatty & Sons & Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, Chipping Norton, New South Wales. 527 pp.

Slowinski, J.B.; Knight, A.; Rooney, A.P. 1997. Inferring species trees from gene trees: a phylogenetic analysis of the Elapidae (Serpentes) based on the amino acid sequences of venom proteins. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 8(3): 349-362.

Slowinski, J.B.; Lawson, R. 2005. Elapid relationships. pp. 174-189. In: Donnelly, M.A.; Crother, B.I.; Guyer, C.; Wake, M.H.; White, M.E. (eds.). Ecology and evolution in the tropics: a herpetological perspective. University of Chicago Press, Chicago & London. 675 pp.

Slowinski, J.B.; Page, R.D.M. 1999. How should species phylogenies be inferred from sequence data? Systematic Biology 48(4): 814-825.

Smith, H.M.; Smith, R.B. 1980. Comments on application for suppression and validation of elapid snake names. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 36(4): 199-200.

Soares, A.M.; Anzaloni Pedrosa, L.H.; Fontes, M.R.M.; Silva, R.J. da; Giglio, J.R. 1998. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a tool for the taxonomic identification of snakes from the Elapidae and Viperidae families. Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins 4(2): 137-142.

Sokolov, A.Y. 2005. On the morphofunctional peculiarities of the jaw apparatus of ophiophagous elapid snakes and on the some [same] stages in evolution of Elapidae. Russian Journal of Herpetology 12: 307-309. (Supplement).

Stark, M.A. 1986. Geographical distribution. Reptilia. Serpentes. Elapidae. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 32: 31.

Storr, G.M. 1985. Phylogenetic relationship of Australian elapid snakes: external morphology with an emphasis on species in Western Australia. pp. 221-222. In: Grigg, G., Shine, R. & Ehmann, H. (eds.). Biology of Australian frogs and reptiles. Surrey Beatty & Sons & Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, Chipping Norton, New South Wales. 527 pp.

Stow, A.; Shine, R. 1993. Cage cleaning, investigatory behaviour and the induction of defecation in elapid snakes. pp. 311-314. In: Lunney, D. & Ayers, D. (eds.). Herpetology in Australia: a diverse discipline. Surrey Beatty & Sons, Chipping Norton, New South Wales. 414 pp.

Szyndlar, Z. 1992. Osteology of African cobras: preliminary observations. pp. 425-428. In: Korsos, Z. & Kiss, I. (eds.): Proceedings of the 6th Ordinary General Meeting of the Societas Europaea Herpetologica, 19-23 August 1991, Budapest, Hungary. Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest. 531 pp.

Tainturier, J.L. 1979. Contribution a l' tude des envenimations par les Elapidae. Dissertation Abstracts International (C) 39(4): 699.

Terribile, L.C.; Diniz-Filho, J.A.F. 2009. Spatial patterns of species richness in New World Coral Snakes and the metabolic theory of ecology. Acta Oecologica 35(2): 163-173.

Terribile, L.C.; Diniz-Filho, J.A.F.; Lima-Ribeiro, M.S.; Rodr guez, M.A. 2012. Integrating phylogeny, environment and space to explore variation in macroecological traits of Viperidae and Elapidae (Squamata: Serpentes). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 50(3): 202-209.

Terribile, L.C.; Olalla-Tarraga, M.A.; Diniz-Filho, J.A.F.; Rodriguez, M.A. 2009. Ecological and evolutionary components of body size: geographic variation of venomous snakes at the global scale. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 98(1): 94-109.

Terribile, L.C.; Olalla-Tarraga, M.A.; Morales-Castilla, I.; Rueda, M.; Vidanes, R.M.; Rodriguez, M.A.; Diniz-Filho, J.A.F. 2009. Global richness patterns of venomous snakes reveal contrasting influences of ecology and history in two different clades. Oecologia (Berlin) 159(3): 617-626.

Terribile, L.C.; Oliveira, G. de; Albuquerque, F.; Rodriguez, M.A.; Diniz-Filho, J.A.F. 2009. Global conservation strategies for two clades of snakes: combining taxon-specific goals with general prioritization schemes. Diversity and Distributions 15(5): 841-851.

Thompson, J.C. 1913. Contributions to the synonomy of serpents in the family Elapidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 65: 508-514.

Ulber, T.M. (ed.). 2002. Catalogue of valid species and synonyms. A bibliographic reference. Vol. 3. Elapinae. Herprint International, Bredell, South Africa. 528 pp.

Underwood, G.L.; Stimson, A.F. 1980. Comments on application for suppression and validation of elapid snake. (1). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 36(4): 198-199.

Vogel, G. 2006. Venomous snakes of Asia / Giftschlangen Asiens. Edition Chimaira & Aqualog Verlag ACS, Frankfurt am Main & Rodgau. 148 pp.

Wallach, V. 1980. Report on a bite by a side-stabbing snake Atractaspis irregularis, with notes on elapid bites. Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa 24: 15-18.

Wallach, V. 1985. A cladistic analysis of the terrestrial Australian Elapidae. pp. 223-253. In: Grigg, G., Shine, R. & Ehmann, H. (eds.). Biology of Australian frogs and reptiles. Surrey Beatty & Sons & Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, Chipping Norton, New South Wales. 527 pp.

Webb, J.K.; Du, W.G.; Pike, D.A.; Shine, R. 2010. Generalization of predator recognition: velvet geckos display anti-predator behaviours in response to chemicals from non-dangerous elapid snakes. Current Zoology 56(3): 337-342.

White, J. 1987. Elapid snakes: management of bites. pp. 430-457. In: Covacevich, J., Davie, P. & Pearn, J. (eds.). Toxic plants & animals. A guide for Australia. Queensland Museum, Brisbane. 501 pp.

Wilkey, R. 2002. A checklist for African snakes. Vol. II: the family Elapidae (cobras, mambas and allied species) & the family Hydrophiidae (sea snakes). Richard Terrell Society, London. 78 pp.

Winchell, S. 2011. Kobras. Reptilia (D) 16(89): 16-23.

W ster, W.; Golay, P.; Warrell, D.A. 1997. Synopsis of recent developments in venomous snake systematics. Toxicon 35(3): 319-340.

W ster, W.; Golay, P.; Warrell, D.A. 1998. Synopsis of recent developments in venomous snake systematics, no. 2. Toxicon 36(2): 299-307.

Young, B.A.; Kardong, K.V. 2010. The functional morphology of hooding in cobras. Journal of Experimental Biology 213(9): 1521-1528.

Zaher, H.; Grazziotin, F.G.; Cadle, J.E.; Murphy, R.W.; Moura-Leite, J.C. de; Bonatto, S.L. 2009. Molecular phylogeny of advanced snakes (Serpentes, Caenophidia) with an emphasis on South American xenodontines: a revised classification and descriptions of new taxa. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia (Sao Paulo) 49(11): 115-153.