Taxonomy: families

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Snakes (Serpentes)    Genera Acanthophis Death Adders Antaioserpens Robust Burrowing Snakes Aspidelaps Shield-nosed Cobras Aspidomorphus Papuan Crowned Snakes Austrelaps Australian Copperheads Brachyurophis Australian Shovel-nosed Snakes Bungarus Kraits Cacophis Australian Dwarf Crowned Snakes Calliophis South Asian Coral Snakes Cryptophis Australian Small-eyed Snakes Demansia Sahul Whip Snakes Dendroaspis Mambas Denisonia Mud Adder and Ornamental Snake Drysdalia Australian Crowned Snakes Echiopsis Bardick Elapognathus Western Crowned Snake, etc. Elapsoidea African Garter Snakes Furina Australian Naped Snakes Hemachatus Ring-necked Spitting Cobra Hemiaspis Australian Swamp Snakes Hemibungarus Barred Coral Snakes Hoplocephalus Broad-headed Snakes Leptomicrurus Black-backed Coral Snakes Loveridgelaps Solomons Small-eyed Snake Micropechis Papuan Small-eyed Snake Micruroides Western Coral Snake Micrurus American Coral Snakes Naja Typical Cobras Narophis Australian Black-naped Snake Neelaps Western Black-striped Snake Notechis Australian Tiger Snake Ogmodon Fijian Burrowing Snake Ophiophagus King Cobra Oxyuranus Taipans Parapistocalamus Bougainville Coral Snake Paroplocephalus Lake Cronin Snake Pseudechis Australian Black Snakes and King Brown Snakes Pseudohaje Tree Cobras Pseudonaja Australian Brown Snakes Rhinoplocephalus Square-nosed Snake Salomonelaps Solomon Islands Coral Snake Simoselaps Australian Coral Snakes Sinomicrurus East Asian Coral Snakes Suta Australian Hooded Snakes and Curl Snakes Toxicocalamus Papuan Worm-eating Snakes Tropidechis Rough-scaled Snake Vermicella Bandy-bandys Walterinnesia Black Desert Cobras

Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk). Latest update: May 12th, 2024. Biodiversity of the family Elapidae (part 1: terrestrial species) Bibliography of the family Elapidae (part 1: terrestrial species) Elapidae (part 1: terrestrial species) Cobras, Mambas, etc. Giftnattern     Giftsnoge Contents: Endemicity: 47 genera of which 23 (48.9%) are endemic   0% 100% 338 species of which 199 (58.9%) are endemic   0% 100% Remarks: In addition to the terrestrial species, the family Elapidae now includes the sea snakes, formerly considered as one or two separate family, Hydrophiidae and (or including) Laticaudidae. Current knowledge support the inclusion of all these snakes in one family, Elapidae, separating them only on the subfamily level (e.g., Goin, Goin & Zug 1978; Slowinski, Knight & Rooney 1997; Pyron, Burbrink & Wiens 2013; Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014). Nevertheless, the sea snakes are clearly distinguishable from the terrestrial species, even to layman, in their morphological adaptation of the oar-shaped tail to their almost strictly marine life style and habitat. For this reason, the terrestrial and marine species are treated separately herein, although recognized as part of the same family. Of historical interest, Smith, Smith & Sawin (1977), based on unpublished material from Samuel McDowell, completely rearranged the taxonomy of Elapidae and Hydrophiidae, retaining both families, but resulting in an arrangement which included terrestrial as well as marine genera in both families. For suggested classifications placing genera outside the family Elapidae, see under each genus. Distribution:  North America, Central America, South America, Africa, Middle East, S. Asia, Malay Archipelago, Australia, W. Pacific Ocean. Reported from: Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, China, Colombia, Congo-Brazzaville, Congo-Kinshasa, Costa Rica, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, French Guiana, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Ivory Coast, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Laos, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritania, Mexico, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Rwanda, Sao Tome & Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Surinam, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad & Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Uruguay, USA, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Sahara, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe.