Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk).
Latest update:
July 22nd, 2024.
 
|
Genus
Atractus
 |
Spindle Snakes, Tellurian Snakes, (Earth Snakes, Ground Snakes)
|
 |
Spindelnattern
|
 |
Tensnoge
|
|
1828 |  |
Atractus Wagler (type species: Atractus trilineatus Wagler 1828) |
|
1843 | |
Urobrachys Fitzinger (type species: Brachyorrhos flammigerus Boie 1827) |
|
1858 | |
Isoscelis Günther (type species: Isoscelis maculata Günther 1858) |
|
1911 | |
Atractopsis Despax (type species: Atractus paucidens Despax 1910) |
Contents:
152 species, of which 109 (71.7%) are endemic.
Endemism: 0%  100%
Distribution:
Panama, South America.
Reported from:
Argentina,
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Acre,
Alagoas,
Amapa,
Amazonas,
Bahia,
Ceara,
Distrito Federal,
Espirito Santo,
Goias,
Maranhao,
Mato Grosso,
Mato Grosso do Sul,
Minas Gerais,
Para,
Parana,
Pernambuco,
Rio de Janeiro,
Rio Grande do Sul,
Rondonia,
Roraima,
Santa Catarina,
Sao Paulo,
Sergipe,
Tocantins),
Colombia
(incl.
Gorgona Island),
Ecuador,
French Guiana,
Guyana,
Panama,
Paraguay,
Peru,
Surinam,
Trinidad & Tobago
(Tobago,
Trinidad),
Uruguay,
Venezuela.
| |
|
Atractus aboiporu
|
Serra do Navio Spindle Snake
|
|
Serra-do-Navio-Spindelnatter
|
|
Serra do Navio-tensnog
|
|
2019 | |
Atractus aboiporu Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Fouquet, Costa Prudente & Torres-Carvajal |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Amapa).
|
|
|
Atractus acheronius
|
Rio Negro Spindle Snake
|
|
Rio-Negro-Spindelnatter
|
|
Rio Negro-tensnog
|
|
2009 | |
Atractus acheronius Passos, Fuenmayor & Barrio-Amoros |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus akerios
|
Nova Vida Spindle Snake
|
|
Nova-Vida-Spindelnatter
|
|
Nova Vida-tensnog
|
|
2021 | |
Atractus akerios Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, Venegas & Torres-Carvajal |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Maranhao,
Para).
|
|
|
Atractus albuquerquei
|
Guamá River Spindle Snake, Albuquerque Spindle Snake
|
|
Guamá-Spindelnatter
|
|
Guamá-tensnog
|
|
1983 | |
Atractus albuquerquei Cunha & Nascimento |
Distribution:
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Acre,
Amazonas,
Goias,
Mato Grosso,
Mato Grosso do Sul,
Minas Gerais,
Para,
Rondonia,
Tocantins).
|
|
|
Atractus alphonsehogei
|
Bela Vista Spindle Snake, (Striped Spindle Snake)
|
|
Bela-Vista-Spindelnatter
|
|
Bela Vista-tensnog
|
|
1983 | |
Atractus alphonsehogei Cunha & Nascimento |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Maranhao,
Para).
|
|
|
Atractus altagratiae
|
Cururú River Spindle Snake
|
|
Cururú-Spindelnatter
|
|
Cururú-tensnog
|
|
2008 | |
Atractus altagratiae Passos & Fernandes |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Para).
|
|
|
Atractus alytogrammus
|
Pale-striped Spindle Snake
|
|
Hellstreifige Spindelnatter
|
|
Lysstribet Tensnog
|
|
2014 | |
Atractus alytogrammus Köhler & Kieckbusch |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus andinus
|
Andean Spindle Snake, (Antioquia Spindle Snake)
|
|
Andes-Spindelnatter
|
|
Andes-tensnog
|
|
1944 | |
Atractus andinus Prado |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus apophis
|
Huila Spindle Snake
|
|
Huila-Spindelnatter
|
|
Huila-tensnog
|
|
2010 | |
Atractus apophis Passos & Lynch |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus arangoi
|
Putumayo Spindle Snake, Puerto Asis Spindle Snake
|
|
Putumayo-Spindelnatter
|
|
Putumayo-tensnog
|
|
1939 | |
Atractus arangoi Prado |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of major (e.g., Schargel, Lamar, Passos, Valencia, Cisneros-Heredia & Campbell 2013).
Revalidated as a separate species by Arteaga, Quezada, Vieira & Guayasamin (2022), although treated as such already by Bolívar, Velasco & Castañeda (2021), but without discussion.
Distribution:
Colombia,
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus atlas
|
Atlas Spindle Snake, Atlas Ground Snake
|
|
Atlas-Spindelnatter
|
|
Atlas-tensnog
|
|
2018 | |
Atractus atlas Passos, Scanferla, Melo-Sampaio, Brito & Almendariz |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a population of gigas (Arteaga, Quezada, Vieira & Guayasamin 2022).
Peruvian refer to paulus (Melo-Sampaio & Venegas 2023).
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus atratus
|
Dark-bellied Spindle Snake
|
|
Dunkelbauch-Spindelnatter
|
|
Mørkbuget Tensnog
|
|
2010 | |
Atractus atratus Passos & Lynch |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus attenuatus
|
Rio Cauca Spindle Snake
|
|
Rio-Cauca-Spindelnatter
|
|
Rio Cauca-tensnog
|
|
2006 | |
Atractus attenuatus Myers & Schargel |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus avernus
|
Caquetá Spindle Snake
|
|
Caquetá-Spindelnatter
|
|
Caquetá-tensnog
|
|
2009 | |
Atractus avernus Passos, Chiesse, Torres-Carvajal & Savage |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus ayeush
|
Lara-Falcón Spindle Snake
|
|
Lara-Falcón-Spindelnatter
|
|
Lara-Falcón-tensnog
|
|
2011 | |
Atractus ayeush Esqueda |
Remarks:
Omitted by Wallach, Williams & Boundy (2014).
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus badius
|
Guianan Spindle Snake, Tigrita Spindle Snake
|
|
Guiana-Spindelnatter
|
|
Guiana-tensnog
|
|
1827 | |
Brachyorrhos badius Boie |
|
| |
Calamaria badius Schlegel 1837 |
|
| |
Rabdosoma badium Duméril, Bibron & Duméril 1854 |
|
| |
Atractus badius Boulenger 1894 |
|
1862 | |
Rabdosoma badium subbicinctum Jan (Hoogmoed 1980) |
|
| |
Atractus subbicinctum Boulenger 1894 |
|
1862 | |
Rabdosoma badium rubinianum Jan (status uncertain; Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
|
1862 | |
Rabdosoma dubium Jan (status uncertain; Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
|
1904 | |
Atractus micheli Mocquard (Hoogmoed 1980) |
Remarks:
Previously included microrhynchus.
Now restricted to the Guiana Shield.
Records from other regions refer to other species (Passos, Melo-Sampaio, Ramos, Grazziotin, Fouquet & Torres-Carvajal 2022).
Records from Argentina have been referred to snethlageae (Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002), but see remarks under that species.
Dixon & Soini's (1977) Peruvian records of this species represent an undescribed species (Hoogmoed 1980).
Presence in Guyana needs confirmation (Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013).
A report from Venezuela are erroneous (Rivas, Molina, Ugueto, Barros, Barrio-Amorós & Kok 2012).
Distribution:
Brazil
(Amapa,
Para),
French Guiana,
Surinam.
|
|
|
Atractus biseriatus
|
Two-lined Spindle Snake, Manizales Spindle Snake
|
|
Zweistreifige Spindelnatter
|
|
Tostribet Tensnog
|
|
1941 | |
Atractus biseriatus Prado |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus bocki
|
Cochabamba Spindle Snake
|
|
Cochabamba-Spindelnatter
|
|
Cochabamba-tensnog
|
|
1909 | |
Atractus bocki Werner |
|
1991 | |
Atractus canedii Scrocchi & Cei (Passos, Aguayo & Scrocchi 2009) |
Other common names:
canedii: Argentine Spindle Snake
Distribution:
Argentina,
Bolivia.
|
|
|
Atractus bocourti
|
Huanuco Spindle Snake
|
|
Huanuco-Spindelnatter
|
|
Huanuco-tensnog
|
|
1894 | |
Atractus bocourti Boulenger |
Remarks:
Records from Ecuador are erroneous (Arteaga, Mebert, Valencia, Cisneros-Heredia, Peñafiel, Reyes-Puig, Vieira-Fernandes & Guayasamin 2017).
Distribution:
Colombia,
Peru.
|
|
|
Atractus boimirim
|
Jamari River Spindle Snake
|
|
Jamari-Spindelnatter
|
|
Jamari-tensnog
|
|
2016 | |
Atractus boimirim Passos, Prudente & Lynch |
Remarks:
In the description of boimirim, Passos, Prudente & Lynch (2016) mention a paratype from the state of Amazonas, Brazil,
but the locality is in fact in the state of Para.
Distribution:
Brazil
(Para,
Rondonia).
|
|
|
Atractus boulengerii
|
Common Colombian Spindle Snake
|
|
Gewöhnliche Kolumbianische Spindelnatter
|
|
Almindelig Colombiansk Tensnog
|
|
1896 | |
Atractus boulengerii Peracca |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus caete
|
Caetê Spindle Snake
|
|
Caetê-Spindelnatter
|
|
Caetê-tensnog
|
|
2010 | |
Atractus caete Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Alagoas).
|
|
|
Atractus careolepis
|
Magdalena Spindle Snake
|
|
Magdalena-Spindelnatter
|
|
Magdalena-tensnog
|
|
2014 | |
Atractus careolepis Köhler & Kieckbusch |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus carrioni
|
Loja Spindle Snake, Intermontane Valley Spindle Snake
|
|
Loja-Spindelnatter
|
|
Loja-tensnog
|
|
1930 | |
Atractus carrioni Parker |
Distribution:
Ecuador,
Peru.
|
|
|
Atractus caxiuana
|
Para Spindle Snake
|
|
Para-Spindelnatter
|
|
Para-tensnog
|
|
2006 | |
Atractus caxiuana Da Costa Prudente & Dos Santos-Costa |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Para,
Rondonia),
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus cerberus
|
Pacoche Spindle Snake, Cerberus Ground Snake
|
|
Pacoche-Spindelnatter
|
|
Pacoche-tensnog
|
|
2017 | |
Atractus cerberus Arteaga, Mebert, Valencia, Cisneros-Heredia, Peñafiel, Reyes-Puig, Vieira-Fernandes & Guayasamin |
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus charitoae
|
Vaupés Spindle Snake
|
|
Vaupés-Spindelnatter
|
|
Vaupés-tensnog
|
|
2004 | |
Atractus charitoae Silva-Haad |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus chthonius
|
Finca Meremburg Spindle Snake
|
|
Finca-Meremburg-Spindelnatter
|
|
Finca Meremburg-tensnog
|
|
2010 | |
Atractus chthonius Passos & Lynch |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus clarki
|
Santa Cruz de Cana Spindle Snake
|
|
Santa-Cruz-de-Cana-Spindelnatter
|
|
Santa Cruz de Cana-tensnog
|
|
1939 | |
Atractus clarki Dunn & Bailey |
Distribution:
Colombia,
Panama.
|
|
|
Atractus collaris
|
Collared Spindle Snake, Ring-necked Spindle Snake
|
|
Halsband-Spindelnatter
|
|
Halsbånd-tensnog
|
|
1897 | |
Atractus collaris Peracca |
|
1935 | |
Leptocalamus limitaneus Amaral (Passos, Prudente, Ramos, Caicedo-Portilla & Lynch 2018) |
|
| |
Atractus limitaneus Savage 1960 |
Remarks:
Previously included gaigeae.
Distribution:
Brazil
(Amazonas),
Colombia,
Ecuador,
Peru.
|
|
|
Atractus crassicaudatus
|
Rough-tailed Spindle Snake, Thick-tailed Spindle Snake
|
|
Rauhschwanz-Spindelnatter
|
|
Ruhalet Tensnog
|
|
1854 | |
Rabdosoma crassicaudatum Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril |
|
| |
Atractus crassicaudatus Boulenger 1894 |
|
1914 | |
Atractus fuhrmanni Peracca (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
Distribution:
Colombia,
Panama.
|
|
|
Atractus dapsilis
|
Oriximina Spindle Snake
|
|
Oriximina-Spindelnatter
|
|
Oriximina-tensnog
|
|
2019 | |
Atractus dapsilis Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Fouquet, Costa Prudente & Torres-Carvajal |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Amazonas,
Para).
|
|
|
Atractus darienensis
|
Darien Spindle Snake
|
|
Darien-Spindelnatter
|
|
Darien-tensnog
|
|
2003 | |
Atractus darienensis Myers |
Distribution:
Panama.
|
|
|
Atractus depressiocellus
|
Small-eyed Spindle Snake
|
|
Kleinäugige Spindelnatter
|
|
Småøjet Tensnog
|
|
2003 | |
Atractus depressiocellus Myers |
Distribution:
Panama.
|
|
|
Atractus discovery
|
Amaluza Spindle Snake, (Discovery Ground Snake)
|
|
Amaluza-Spindelnatter
|
|
Amaluza-tensnog
|
|
2022 | |
Atractus discovery Arteaga, Quezada, Vieira & Guayasamin |
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus duboisi
|
Napo Spindle Snake
|
|
Napo-Spindelnatter
|
|
Napo-tensnog
|
|
1880 | |
Rabdosoma Duboisi Boulenger |
|
| |
Atractus duboisi Passos, Chiesse, Torres-Carvajal & Savage 2009 |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of occipitoalbus (e.g., Savage 1960; Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970). Revalidated by Passos, Chiesse, Torres-Carvajal & Savage (2009).
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus duidensis
|
Mount Duida Spindle Snake
|
|
Duida-Spindelnatter
|
|
Duida-tensnog
|
|
1961 | |
Atractus duidensis Roze |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus dunni
|
North Ecuadorian Spindle Snake, Sleepy Ground Snake
|
|
Nordecuadorianische Spindelnatter
|
|
Nordecuadoriansk Tensnog
|
|
1883 | |
Rabdosoma maculatum Bocourt [not Isoscelis maculata Günther 1858] |
|
1955 | |
Atractus dunni Savage |
Remarks:
Records from Peru (e.g., Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970; Henle & Ehrl 1991) are erroneous (Cisneros-Heredia 2005).
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
Atractus dunni
© Henrik Bringsøe
|
|
Atractus echidna
|
Nariño Spindle Snake
|
|
Nariño-Spindelnatter
|
|
Nariño-tensnog
|
|
2009 | |
Atractus echidna Passos, Mueses-Cisneros, Lynch & Fernandes |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus ecuadorensis
|
Ecuadorian Spindle Snake
|
|
Gewöhnliche Ecuadorianische Spindelnatter
|
|
Almindelig Ecuadoriansk Tensnog
|
|
1955 | |
Atractus ecuadorensis Savage |
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus edioi
|
Minacu Spindle Snake
|
|
Minacu-Spindelnatter
|
|
Minacu-tensnog
|
|
2005 | |
Atractus edioi Silva, Silva, Ribeiro, Souza & Souza |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Goias).
|
|
|
Atractus elaps
|
Black Spindle Snake, Ornate Spindle Snake
|
|
Schwarze Spindelnatter
|
|
Sort Tensnog
|
|
1858 | |
Rhabdosoma elaps Günther |
|
| |
Atractus elaps Savage 1960 |
|
1862 | |
Rabdosoma brevifrenum Jan (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
|
1931 | |
Atractus elaps tetrazonus Amaral (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
|
1943 | |
Geophis diplozeugus Schmidt & Walker (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
Remarks:
Not mentioned for Surinam by Kuijpers (2024).
Distribution:
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Amazonas,
Para,
Rondonia),
Colombia,
Ecuador,
Peru,
Surinam,
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus emigdioi
|
Trujilo Spindle Snake
|
|
Trujilo-Spindelnatter
|
|
Trujilo-tensnog
|
|
1971 | |
Atractus emigdioi Sponga |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus emmeli
|
Bolivian Spindle Snake
|
|
Bolivianische Spindelnatter
|
|
Boliviansk Tensnog
|
|
1888 | |
Geophis emmeli Boettger |
|
| |
Atractus emmeli Boulenger 1894 |
|
1896 | |
Atractus boettgeri Boulenger (syn. Passos, Azevedo, Nogueira, Fernandes & Sawaya 2019) |
|
1898 | |
Atractus balzani Boulenger (syn. Passos, Sudre, Doria & Campbell 2018) |
|
1916 | |
Atractus taeniatus Griffin (syn. Passos, Azevedo, Nogueira, Fernandes & Sawaya 2019) |
|
1991 | |
Atractus paravertebralis Henle & Ehrl (syn. Passos, Azevedo, Nogueira, Fernandes & Sawaya 2019) |
Other common names:
balzani: Misiones Mosetenes Spindle Snake
Distribution:
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Acre,
Rondonia),
Peru.
|
|
|
Atractus eriki
|
Escuque Spindle Snake
|
|
Escuque-Spindelnatter
|
|
Escuque-tensnog
|
|
2007 | |
Atractus eriki Esqueda, la Marca & Bazo |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus erythromelas
|
Red-Black Spindle Snake
|
|
Rot-Schwarze Spindelnatter
|
|
Rød-sort Tensnog
|
|
1903 | |
Atractus erythromelas Boulenger |
Distribution:
Colombia,
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus esepe
|
Caimito Spindle Snake, Indistinct Ground Snake
|
|
Caimito-Spindelnatter
|
|
Caimito-tensnog
|
|
2017 | |
Atractus esepe Arteaga, Mebert, Valencia, Cisneros-Heredia, Peñafiel, Reyes-Puig, Vieira-Fernandes & Guayasamin |
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus favae
|
Surinam Spindle Snake
|
|
Surinam-Spindelnatter
|
|
Surinam-tensnog
|
|
1840 | |
Calamaria favae Filippi |
|
| |
Rabdosoma favae Jan 1862 |
|
| |
Atractus favae Boulenger 1894 |
|
1854 | |
Rabdosoma longicaudatum Duméril, Bibron & Duméril (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
Distribution:
Guyana,
Surinam.
|
|
|
Atractus flammigerus
|
Flaming Spindle Snake, Blotched Spindle Snake
|
|
Feuer-Spindelnatter
|
|
Flamme-tensnog
|
|
1827 | |
Brachyorrhos flammigerus Boie |
|
| |
Atractus flammigerus Hoogmoed 1980 |
|
1979 | |
Geophis alasukai Gasc & Rodrigues (Hoogmoed 1983) |
Remarks:
Previously included snethlageae.
Formerly regarded as a synonym of badius (e.g., Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970).
Revalidated as a separate species by Hoogmoed (1980).
Now restricted to French Guiana, Surinam, and Amapa (Brazil).
Records from Peru and western Brazil are based on confusion with other species (snethlageae, torquatus) (Passos, Ramos, Fouquet & Prudente 2017).
Distribution:
Brazil
(Amapa,
Para),
French Guiana,
Surinam.
|
|
|
Atractus franciscopaivai
|
La Pedrera Spindle Snake
|
|
La-Pedrera-Spindelnatter
|
|
La Pedrera-tensnog
|
|
2004 | |
Atractus franciscopaivai Silva-Haad |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus francoi
|
Mangaratiba Spindle Snake
|
|
Mangaratiba-Spindelnatter
|
|
Mangaratiba-tensnog
|
|
2010 | |
Atractus francoi Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Rio de Janeiro,
Sao Paulo).
|
|
|
Atractus fuliginosus
|
Sooty Spindle Snake, (Dark Spindle Snake)
|
|
Aschgraue Spindelnatter
|
|
Sodfarvet Tensnog
|
|
1845 | |
Coluber fuliginosus Hallowell |
|
| |
Atractus fuliginosus Roze 1958 |
Distribution:
Colombia,
Trinidad & Tobago
(Tobago),
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus gaigeae
|
Southeast Ecuadorian Spindle Snake, (Gaige's Spindle Snake, Gaige's Ground Snake)
|
|
Südecuadorianische Spindelnatter
|
|
Sydøstecuadoriansk Tensnog
|
|
1955 | |
Atractus gaigeae Savage |
|
| |
Atractus collaris gaigeae Dixon & Soini 1977 |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of collaris (e.g., Dixon & Soini 1977).
Almendáriz (1992) and Vigle (2010) regarded gaigeae as a separate species.
Validity confirmed by Passos, Prudente, Ramos, Caicedo-Portilla & Lynch (2018).
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus gigas
|
Giant Spindle Snake, Giant Ground Snake
|
|
Riesen-Spindelnatter
|
|
Kæmpe-tensnog
|
|
2006 | |
Atractus gigas Myers & Schargel |
Remarks:
Now restricted to Ecuador.
Previously included the populations now assigned to atlas and paulus.
Peruvian refer to paulus (Melo-Sampaio & Venegas 2023).
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus guentheri
|
Cañavieras Spindle Snake
|
|
Cañavieras-Spindelnatter
|
|
Cañavieras-tensnog
|
|
1861 | |
Geophis güntheri Wucherer |
|
| |
Atractus guentheri Boulenger 1894 |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Bahia).
|
|
|
Atractus heliobelluomini
|
La Chorrera Spindle Snake
|
|
La-Chorrera-Spindelnatter
|
|
La Chorrera-tensnog
|
|
2004 | |
Atractus heliobelluomini Silva-Haad |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus heyeri
|
Yacambú Spindle Snake
|
|
Yacambú-Spindelnatter
|
|
Yacambú-tensnog
|
|
2015 | |
Atractus heyeri Esqueda & McDiarmid in Mumaw, González & Fernández |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus hoogmoedi
|
Santa Luzia Spindle Snake
|
|
Santa-Luzia-Spindelnatter
|
|
Santa Luzia-tensnog
|
|
2010 | |
Atractus hoogmoedi Prudente & Passos |
Remarks:
Previously (e.g., Cunha & Nascimento 1984) regarded as a population of zidoki (Prudente & Passos 2010).
Distribution:
Brazil
(Para).
|
|
|
Atractus hostilitractus
|
Mortí River Spindle Snake
|
|
Mortí-Spindelnatter
|
|
Mortí-tensnog
|
|
2003 | |
Atractus hostilitractus Myers |
Distribution:
Panama.
|
|
|
Atractus imperfectus
|
Piedras-Pacora Spindle Snake, (Imperfect Spindle Snake)
|
|
Piedras-Pacora-Spindelnatter
|
|
Piedras-Pacora-tensnog
|
|
2003 | |
Atractus imperfectus Myers |
Distribution:
Panama.
|
|
|
Atractus indistinctus
|
Ocaña Spindle Snake, (Indistinct Spindle Snake)
|
|
Ocaña-Spindelnatter
|
|
Ocaña-tensnog
|
|
1940 | |
Atractus indistinctus Prado |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus insipidus
|
Uraricapará River Spindle Snake, Border Spindle Snake
|
|
Uraricapará-Spindelnatter
|
|
Uraricapará-tensnog
|
|
1961 | |
Atractus insipidus Roze |
Remarks:
Reports from Rondonia, Brazil (e.g., Bernarde, Albuquerque, Barros & Turci 2012; Silva 1993), are of uncertain status, but not conspecific with insipidus (Passos, Kok, Albuquerque & Rivas 2013). Reports from Canaima National Park in Venezuela (e.g., Schargel & García-Pérez 2002) were based on misidentified tamessari (Passos, Kok, Albuquerque & Rivas 2013).
Distribution:
Brazil
(Roraima),
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus iridescens
|
Iridescent Spindle Snake
|
|
Irisierende Spindelnatter
|
|
Iriserende Tensnog
|
|
1896 | |
Atractus iridescens Peracca |
Distribution:
Colombia,
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus lancinii
|
El Junquito Spindle Snake
|
|
El-Junquito-Spindelnatter
|
|
El Junquito-tensnog
|
|
1961 | |
Atractus lancinii Roze |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus lasallei
|
Yellow-spotted Spindle Snake, Highland Spindle Snake
|
|
Gelbflecken-Spindelnatter
|
|
Gulplettet Tensnog
|
|
1931 | |
Atractus lasallei Amaral |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus latifrons
|
Wedge-tailed Spindle Snake, Broad-headed Spindle Snake
|
|
Keilschwanz-Spindelnatter
|
|
Kilehalet Tensnog
|
|
1868 | |
Geophis latifrons Günther |
|
| |
Atractus latifrons Boulenger 1896 |
|
1927 | |
Elaps herthae Ahl (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
Remarks:
Although reported to occur in Venezuela (Martins & Oliveira 1993; Almeida, Feitosa, Passos & Prudente 2014), these authors did not refer to any vouchers.
Presence in the country appears to need verfication, following both Rivas, Molina, Ugueto, Barros, Barrio-Amorós & Kok (2012) and Mumaw, González & Fernández (2015),
who did not include latifrons in their checklists for the country, although the latter authors listed it as possibly occurring.
Not included for French Guiana and Surinam by Kuijpers (2024).
Distribution:
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Acre,
Amapa,
Amazonas,
Mato Grosso,
Para,
Rondonia,
Roraima),
Colombia,
French Guiana,
Peru,
Surinam.
|
|
|
Atractus lehmanni
|
Azuay Spindle Snake
|
|
Azuay-Spindelnatter
|
|
Azuay-tensnog
|
|
1898 | |
Atractus lehmanni Boettger |
Remarks:
Now restricted to Colombia.
Records from Ecuador are based on misidentifications (Himes, Arteaga, Vera Pérez & Enge 2022).
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus longimaculatus
|
Quindío Spindle Snake
|
|
Quindío-Spindelnatter
|
|
Quindío-tensnog
|
|
1940 | |
Atractus longimaculatus Prado |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of werneri (e.g., Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970). Regarded as a valid species by Wallach, Williams & Boundy (2014).
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus loveridgei
|
Jericó Spindle Snake
|
|
Jericó-Spindelnatter
|
|
Jericó-tensnog
|
|
1930 | |
Atractus loveridgei Amaral |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus macondo
|
Macondo Spindle Snake
|
|
Macondo-Spindelnatter
|
|
Macondo-tensnog
|
|
2008 | |
Atractus macondo Passos, Lynch & Fernandes |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus maculatus
|
Spotted Spindle Snake
|
|
Gefleckte Spindelnatter
|
|
Plettet Tensnog
|
|
1858 | |
Isoscelis maculata Günther |
|
| |
Rhabdosoma maculatum Günther 1858 |
|
| |
Atractus maculatus Boulenger 1894 |
Remarks:
Previously included zebrinus.
Distribution:
Brazil
(Alagoas,
Ceara,
Espirito Santo,
Parana,
Pernambuco,
Rio de Janeiro),
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus major
|
Brown Spindle Snake, (Giant Spindle Snake)
|
|
Braune Spindelnatter
|
|
Brun Tensnog
|
|
1893 | |
Atractus major Boulenger |
|
1939 | |
Atractus arangoi Prado (Schargel, Lamar, Passos, Valencia, Cisneros-Heredia & Campbell 2013) |
Remarks:
Prveiously included arangoi.
Reported from Surinam by Reed & Borowsky (1970), but omitted(?) by Abuys (1983b, 2003).
Distribution:
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Acre,
Amazonas,
Mato Grosso,
Para,
Rondonia,
Roraima),
Colombia,
Ecuador,
Peru,
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus manizalesensis
|
Villmaria Spindle Snake
|
|
Villmaria-Spindelnatter
|
|
Villmaria-tensnog
|
|
1940 | |
Atractus manizalesensis Prado |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus mariselae
|
Boconó Spindle Snake
|
|
Boconó-Spindelnatter
|
|
Boconó-tensnog
|
|
1969 | |
Atractus mariselae Lancini |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus marthae
|
Cordillera Oriental Spindle Snake
|
|
Oriental-Spindelnatter
|
|
Oriental-tensnog
|
|
2019 | |
Atractus marthae Meneses-Pelayo & Paulo Passos |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus matthewi
|
Anzoátegui Spindle Snake
|
|
Anzoátegui-Spindelnatter
|
|
Anzoátegui-tensnog
|
|
2004 | |
Atractus matthewi Markezich & Barrio-Amoros |
|
2004 | |
Atractus nororientalis Sánchez, De Souza, Esqueda & Manzanilla (Kok, Fuenmayor & Pauwels 2007) |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus medusa
|
Medusa Spindle Snake
|
|
Medusa-Spindelnatter
|
|
Medusa-tensnog
|
|
2009 | |
Atractus medusa Passos, Mueses-Cisneros, Lynch & Fernandes |
Remarks:
A record from Ecuador (Cisneros-Heredia & Romero 2015) most likely represent iridescens
(Arteaga, Mebert, Valencia, Cisneros-Heredia, Peñafiel, Reyes-Puig, Vieira-Fernandes & Guayasamin 2017).
Distribution:
Colombia
(Gorgona Island).
|
|
|
Atractus melanogaster
|
Tolima Black-bellied Spindle Snake
|
|
Tolima-Schwarzbauch-Spindelnatter
|
|
Sortbuget Tolima-tensnog
|
|
1916 | |
Atractus melanogaster Werner |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus melas
|
Dark Spindle Snake, Los Mangos Spindle Snake
|
|
Dunkle Spindelnatter
|
|
Mørk Tensnog
|
|
1908 | |
Atractus melas Boulenger |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus meridensis
|
Mérida Spindle Snake
|
|
Mérida-Spindelnatter
|
|
Mérida-tensnog
|
|
2005 | |
Atractus meridensis Esqueda & la Marca |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus michaelsabini
|
Corraleja Spindle Snake, (Michael Sabin's Ground Snake)
|
|
Corraleja-Spindelnatter
|
|
Corraleja-tensnog
|
|
2022 | |
Atractus michaelsabini Arteaga, Quezada, Vieira & Guayasamin |
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus micheleae
|
Canaguá Spindle Snake
|
|
Canaguá-Spindelnatter
|
|
Canaguá-tensnog
|
|
2005 | |
Atractus micheleae Esqueda & la Marca |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus microrhynchus
|
Guayaquil Spindle Snake
|
|
Guayaquil-Spindelnatter
|
|
Guayaquil-tensnog
|
|
1868 | |
Rhabdosoma microrhynchum Cope |
|
| |
Atractus microrhynchus Savage 1960 |
|
1955 | |
Atractus occidentalis Savage (syn. Arteaga, Quezada, Vieira & Guayasamin 2022) |
Other common names:
occidentalis: Mindo Spindle Snake, (Andean Spindle Snake)
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of badius (e.g., Dixon & Soini 1977). Validity confirmed by Passos, Mueses-Cisneros, Lynch & Fernandes (2009).
Distribution:
Ecuador,
Peru.
|
|
|
Atractus mijaresi
|
Mucurubá Spindle Snake
|
|
Mucurubá-Spindelnatter
|
|
Mucurubá-tensnog
|
|
2005 | |
Atractus mijaresi Esqueda & la Marca |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus modestus
|
West Ecuadorian Spindle Snake, (Modest Spindle Snake, Modest Ground Snake)
|
|
Westecuadorianische Spindelnatter
|
|
Vestecuadoriansk Tensnog
|
|
1894 | |
Atractus modestus Boulenger |
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus multicinctus
|
Many-banded Spindle Snake
|
|
Vielbändige Spindelnatter
|
|
Mangebåndet Tensnog
|
|
1865 | |
Rabdosoma badium multicinctum Jan |
|
| |
Atractus multicinctus Boulenger 1898 |
Distribution:
Colombia,
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus multidentatus
|
Many-toothed Spindle Snake
|
|
Vielzähnige Spindelnatter
|
|
Mangetandet Tensnog
|
|
2009 | |
Atractus multidentatus Passos, Fuenmayor & Barrio-Amoros |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus nasutus
|
Sharp-nosed Spindle Snake
|
|
Spitzschnäuzige Spindelnatter
|
|
Spidssnudet Tensnog
|
|
2009 | |
Atractus nasutus Passos, Arredondo, Fernandes & Lynch |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus natans
|
Mamirauá Spindle Snake
|
|
Mamirauá-Spindelnatter
|
|
Mamirauá-tensnog
|
|
2003 | |
Atractus natans Hoogmoed & Prudente |
|
2004 | |
Atractus emersoni Silva-Haad (Passos, Cisneros-Heredia, Rivera, Aguilar & Schargel 2012) |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Amazonas,
Para
[incl.
Marajo Island]),
Colombia,
Peru.
|
|
|
Atractus nawa
|
Porto Walter Spindle Snake
|
|
Porto-Walter-Spindelnatter
|
|
Porto Walter-tensnog
|
|
2021 | |
Atractus nawa Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, Venegas & Torres-Carvajal |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Acre).
|
|
|
Atractus nicefori
|
North Colombian Spindle Snake
|
|
Nordkolumbianische Spindelnatter
|
|
Nordcolombiansk Tensnog
|
|
1930 | |
Atractus nicefori Amaral |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus nigricauda
|
Black-tailed Spindle Snake
|
|
Schwarzschwanz-Spindelnatter
|
|
Sorthalet Tensnog
|
|
1943 | |
Atractus nigricaudus Schmidt & Walker |
Remarks:
Although the grammatical gender of Atractus is masculine, the ending of the specific epithet, nigricauda, should not be changed to "-us",
since it is a noun in aposition, not an adjective (see Böhme & Denzer 2019).
Distribution:
Peru.
|
|
|
Atractus nigriventris
|
Santander Black-bellied Spindle Snake, Chita Spindle Snake
|
|
Santander-Schwarzbauch-Spindelnatter
|
|
Sortbuget Santander-tensnog
|
|
1933 | |
Atractus nigriventris Amaral |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus obesus
|
Fat Spindle Snake, Santa Barbara Spindle Snake
|
|
Dicke Spindelnatter
|
|
Tyk Tensnog
|
|
1960 | |
Atractus obesus Marx |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus obtusirostris
|
Big-nosed Spindle Snake
|
|
Schnauzen-Spindelnatter
|
|
Snude-tensnog
|
|
1916 | |
Atractus obtusirostris Werner |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus occipitoalbus
|
Grey Spindle Snake
|
|
Graue Spindelnatter
|
|
Grå Tensnog
|
|
1862 | |
Rhabdosoma occipitoalbum Jan |
|
| |
Atractus occipitoalbus Boulenger 1894 |
Remarks:
Records from Bolivia (e.g., Fugler 1983; Fugler & Riva 1990; Pincheira-Donoso 2002; Quinteros-Muñoz 2013) and Acre, Brazil (Silva, Silva, Ribeiro, Souza & Souza 2005; Costa & Bérnils 2018),
refer to emmeli (Passos, Azevedo, Nogueira, Fernandes & Sawayab 2019; Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021).
Records from Peru (e.g., Henle & Ehrl 1991; Carillo & Icochea 1995) refer to other species (Passos, Chiesse, Torres-Carvajal & Savage 2009).
Not mentioned for Brazil by Nogueira & al. (2019).
Distribution:
Colombia,
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus ochrosetrus
|
Ochre-bellied Spindle Snake
|
|
Ockerbauch-Spindelnatter
|
|
Okkerbuget Tensnog
|
|
2005 | |
Atractus ochrosetrus Esqueda & la Marca |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus oculotemporalis
|
Antioquia Spindle Snake, Hispanic Spindle Snake
|
|
Antioquia-Spindelnatter
|
|
Antioquia-tensnog
|
|
1932 | |
Atractus oculo-temporalis Amaral |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus orcesi
|
Orellana Spindle Snake
|
|
Orellana-Spindelnatter
|
|
Orellana-tensnog
|
|
1955 | |
Atractus orcesi Savage |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of occipitoalbus (e.g., Savage 1960; Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970). Revalidated by Passos, Chiesse, Torres-Carvajal & Savage (2009).
Distribution:
Colombia,
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus pachacamac
|
Sumaco Spindle Snake
|
|
Sumaco-Spindelnatter
|
|
Sumaco-tensnog
|
|
2021 | |
Atractus pachacamac Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, Venegas & Torres-Carvajal |
Distribution:
Colombia,
Ecuador,
Peru.
|
|
|
Atractus paisa
|
Sonsón Spindle Snake
|
|
Sonsón-Spindelnatter
|
|
Sonsón-tensnog
|
|
2009 | |
Atractus paisa Passos, Arredondo, Fernandes & Lynch |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus pamplonensis
|
Pamplona Spindle Snake
|
|
Pamplona-Spindelnatter
|
|
Pamplona-tensnog
|
|
1937 | |
Atractus pamplonensis Amaral |
Distribution:
Colombia,
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus pantostictus
|
São Paulo Spindle Snake, Central Brazil Spindle Snake
|
|
São-Paulo-Spindelnatter
|
|
São Paulo-tensnog
|
|
1993 | |
Atractus pantostictus Fernandes & Puorto |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Distrito Federal,
Goias,
Mato Grosso,
Minas Gerais,
Sao Paulo,
Tocantins).
|
|
|
Atractus paraguayensis
|
Paraguayan Spindle Snake
|
|
Paraguayische Spindelnatter
|
|
Paraguayisk Tensnog
|
|
1924 | |
Atractus paraguayensis Werner |
|
| |
Atractus reticulatus paraguayensis Amaral 1930 |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a subspecies of reticulatus (e.g., Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970). Revalidated as a separate species by Fernandes (1995).
Distribution:
Argentina,
Brazil
(Parana,
Rio Grande do Sul,
Santa Catarina),
Paraguay.
|
|
|
Atractus paucidens
|
Pichincha Spindle Snake, Rainforest Spindle Snake
|
|
Pichincha-Spindelnatter
|
|
Pichincha-tensnog
|
|
1910 | |
Atractus paucidens Despax |
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus pauciscutatus
|
Small-scaled Spindle Snake
|
|
Kleinschuppige Spindelnatter
|
|
Finskællet Tensnog
|
|
1943 | |
Atractus pauciscutatus Schmidt & Walker |
Distribution:
Peru.
|
|
|
Atractus paulus
|
Namballe Spindle Snake
|
|
Namballe-Spindelnatter
|
|
Namballe-tensnog
|
|
2023 | |
Atractus paulus Melo-Sampaio & Venegas |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a population of gigas or atlas.
Peruvian records of these two species refer to paulus (Melo-Sampaio & Venegas 2023).
Distribution:
Peru.
|
|
|
Atractus peruvianus
|
Peruvian Spindle Snake
|
|
Peruvianische Spindelnatter
|
|
Peruviansk Tensnog
|
|
1862 | |
Rabdosoma peruvianum Jan |
|
| |
Atractus peruvianus Boulenger 1894 |
Distribution:
Peru.
|
|
|
Atractus poeppigi
|
Black-backed Spindle Snake, Basin Spindle Snake
|
|
Schwarzrücken-Spindelnatter
|
|
Sortrygget Tensnog
|
|
1862 | |
Rabdosoma pöppigi Jan |
|
| |
Geophis poeppigi Schmidt & Walker 1943 |
|
| |
Atractus poeppigi Dixon, Thomas & Greene 1976 |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Amazonas),
Colombia,
Peru.
|
|
|
Atractus potschi
|
Alagoas Spindle Snake
|
|
Alagoas-Spindelnatter
|
|
Alagoas-tensnog
|
|
1995 | |
Atractus potschi Fernandes |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Alagoas,
Bahia,
Sergipe).
|
|
|
Atractus punctiventris
|
Colombian Spot-bellied Spindle Snake, Pointed Spindle Snake, Villavicencio Spindle Snake
|
|
Kolumbianische Bauchflecken-Spindelnatter
|
|
Colombiansk Bugplettet Tensnog
|
|
1933 | |
Atractus punctiventris Amaral |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus resplendens
|
Resplendent Spindle Snake
|
|
Glanz-Spindelnatter
|
|
Glans-tensnog
|
|
1901 | |
Atractus torquatus resplendens Werner |
|
| |
Atractus resplendens Savage 1960 |
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus reticulatus
|
Reticulated Spindle Snake
|
|
Netz-Spindelnatter
|
|
Net-tensnog
|
|
1885 | |
Geophis reticulatus Boulenger |
|
| |
Atractus reticulatus Boulenger 1894 |
|
1992 | |
Atractus reticulatus scrocchii Alvarez, Rey & Cei (Fernandes 1995) |
Remarks:
Previously included paraguayensis (e.g., Amaral 1930).
Not mentioned for Mato Grosso do Sul by
Ferreira, Terra, Piatti, Delatorre, Strüssmann, Béda, Kawashita-Ribeiro, Landgref-Filho, Aoki, Campos, Souza, Ávila, Duleba, Martins, Rita & Albuquerque (2017).
Distribution:
Argentina,
Brazil
(Mato Grosso do Sul,
Minas Gerais,
Parana,
Rio Grande do Sul,
Santa Catarina,
Sao Paulo),
Colombia,
Paraguay,
Uruguay.
|
|
|
Atractus riveroi
|
Tepui Spindle Snake
|
|
Tepui-Spindelnatter
|
|
Tepui-tensnog
|
|
1961 | |
Atractus riveroi Roze |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Roraima),
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus ronnie
|
Baturité Spindle Snake
|
|
Baturité-Spindelnatter
|
|
Baturité-tensnog
|
|
2007 | |
Atractus ronnie Passos, Fernandes & Borges-Nojosa |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Ceara).
|
|
|
Atractus roulei
|
Alausi Spindle Snake
|
|
Alausi-Spindelnatter
|
|
Alausi-tensnog
|
|
1910 | |
Atractus roulei Despax |
|
2017 | |
Atractus pyroni Arteaga, Mebert, Valencia, Cisneros-Heredia, Peñafiel, Reyes-Puig, Vieira-Fernandes & Guayasamin (syn. Passos, Melo-Sampaio, Ramos, Grazziotin, Fouquet & Torres-Carvajal 2022) |
Other common names:
pyroni: Bolívar Spindle Snake, Pyron's Ground Snake
Distribution:
Ecuador.
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|
|
Atractus sanctaemartae
|
Santa Marta Spindle Snake
|
|
Santa-Marta-Spindelnatter
|
|
Santa Marta-tensnog
|
|
1946 | |
Atractus sanctaemartae Dunn |
|
1997 | |
Atractus nebularis Bernal-Carol & Roze (Passos, Lynch & Fernandes 2008) |
Other common names:
nebularis: Cloud Forest Spindle Snake
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus sanguineus
|
Blood Spindle Snake, Yarumal Spindle Snake
|
|
Blut-Spindelnatter
|
|
Blod-tensnog
|
|
1944 | |
Atractus sanguineus Prado |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus savagei
|
Tulcán Spindle Snake
|
|
Tulcán-Spindelnatter
|
|
Tulcán-tensnog
|
|
2014 | |
Atractus savagei Salazar-Valenzuela, Torres-Carvajal & Passos |
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus schach
|
Mamadam Spindle Snake, (Amazon Spindle Snake)
|
|
Mamadam-Spindelnatter
|
|
Mamadam-tensnog
|
|
1827 | |
Brachyorrhos schach Boie |
|
| |
Atractus schach Hoogmoed 1980 |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of badius.
Revalidated as a separate species by Hoogmoed (1980).
Now restricted to Guyana, Surinam, and French Guiana.
Records from other countries refer to other species (Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Fouquet, Prudente & Torres-Carvajal 2019).
Distribution:
French Guiana,
Guyana,
Surinam.
|
|
|
Atractus serranus
|
Paranapiacaba Montains Spindle Snake, Serrana Spindle Snake
|
|
Paranapiacaba-Spindelnatter
|
|
Paranapiacaba-tensnog
|
|
1930 | |
Atractus serranus Amaral |
Remarks:
A record from Rio de Janeiro (Rocha, Bergallo, Pombal, Geise, Sluys, Fernandes & Caramaschi 2004) is regarded as doubtful.
The species was not listed for the state by neither Costa & Bérnils (2018), nor Oliveira, Gonzalez, Passos, Vrcibradic & Rocha (2020).
A record from Alagoas (Silva, Silva, Sena & Nascimento 2006) is also considered doubtful.
The species was not listed for the state by Costa & Bérnils (2018).
Distribution:
Brazil
(Sao Paulo).
|
|
|
Atractus snethlageae
|
Gurupi River Spindle Snake, (Brown Spindle Snake)
|
|
Gurupi-Spindelnatter
|
|
Gurupi-tensnog
|
|
1983 | |
Atractus flammigerus snethlageae Cunha & Nascimento |
|
| |
Atractus snethlageae Vanzolini 1986 |
Remarks:
Records from Ecuador refer to nawa and pachacamac (Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, Venegas & Torres-Carvajal 2021).
Records from Argentina needs confirmation (Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, Venegas & Torres-Carvajal 2021).
Distribution:
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Acre,
Amazonas,
Maranhao,
Mato Grosso,
Para,
Rondonia),
Colombia,
Peru.
|
|
|
Atractus spinalis
|
Cipó Mountains Spindle Snake
|
|
Cipó-Spindelnatter
|
|
Cipó-tensnog
|
|
2013 | |
Atractus spinalis Passos, Junior, Recoder, Sena, Vechio, Pinto, Mendonca, Cassimiro & Rodrigues |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Minas Gerais).
|
|
|
Atractus steyermarki
|
Chimantá Tepui Spindle Snake
|
|
Chimantá-Spindelnatter
|
|
Chimantá-tensnog
|
|
1958 | |
Atractus steyermarki Roze |
|
2008 | |
Atractus guerreroi Myers & Donnelly (Passos, Kok, Albuquerque & Rivas 2013) |
Remarks:
Passos, Kok, Albuquerque & Rivas (2013) synonymized guerreroi with steyermarki.
Nevertheles, guerreroi has been listed subsequently as a valid species by some authors (e.g., Mumaw, González & Fernández 2015; Kuijpers 2024).
Distribution:
Guyana,
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus stygius
|
Mato Grosso Spindle Snake
|
|
Mato-Grosso-Spindelnatter
|
|
Mato Grosso-tensnog
|
|
2019 | |
Atractus stygius Passos, Azevedo, Nogueira, Fernandes & Sawaya |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Mato Grosso).
|
|
|
Atractus surucucu
|
Surucucu Spindle Snake
|
|
Surucucu-Spindelnatter
|
|
Surucucu-tensnog
|
|
2008 | |
Atractus surucucu Prudente & Passos |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Roraima).
|
|
|
Atractus tamaensis
|
Tamá Spindle Snake
|
|
Tamá-Spindelnatter
|
|
Tamá-tensnog
|
|
2005 | |
Atractus tamaensis Esqueda & la Marca |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus tamessari
|
Kaieteur Spindle Snake
|
|
Kaieteur-Spindelnatter
|
|
Kaieteur-tensnog
|
|
2006 | |
Atractus tamessari Kok |
Distribution:
Guyana,
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus taphorni
|
La Carbonera Spindle Snake
|
|
La-Carbonera-Spindelnatter
|
|
La Carbonera-tensnog
|
|
2002 | |
Atractus taphorni Schargel & García-Pérez |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus tartarus
|
Vila Palestina Spindle Snake
|
|
Vila-Palestina-Spindelnatter
|
|
Vila Palestina-tensnog
|
|
2016 | |
Atractus tartarus Passos, Prudente & Lynch |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Maranhao,
Para).
|
|
|
Atractus thalesdelemai
|
Passo Fundo Spindle Snake
|
|
Passo-Fundo-Spindelnatter
|
|
Passo Fundo-tensnog
|
|
2005 | |
Atractus thalesdelemai Passos, Fernandes & Zanella |
|
2007 | |
Atractus kangueryensis Cacciali, Villalba & Yanosky (Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite 2010) |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Rio Grande do Sul),
Paraguay.
|
|
|
Atractus titanicus
|
Titan Spindle Snake
|
|
Titan-Spindelnatter
|
|
Titan-tensnog
|
|
2009 | |
Atractus titanicus Passos, Arredondo, Fernandes & Lynch |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus torquatus
|
Rusty Spindle Snake, Neck-banded Spindle Snake, Red Spindle Snake
|
|
Rostfarbige Spindelnatter
|
|
Rustfarvet Tensnog
|
|
1854 | |
Rabdosoma torquatum Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril |
|
| |
Atractus torquatus Boulenger 1894 |
|
1862 | |
Rabdosoma varium Jan (Passos & Prudente 2012) |
|
2004 | |
Atractus davidhardi Silva-Haad (Passos & Prudente 2012) |
|
2004 | |
Atractus janethae Silva-Haad (Passos & Prudente 2012) |
|
2004 | |
Atractus lucilae Silva-Haad (Passos & Prudente 2012) |
Remarks:
Reported from Bolivia (e.g., Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970; Pincheira-Donoso 2002), but presence in the country was regarded as doubtful by Passos & Prudente (2012).
Distribution:
Brazil
(Amapa,
Amazonas,
Para,
Roraima),
Colombia,
Ecuador,
French Guiana,
Guyana,
Peru,
Surinam,
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus touzeti
|
Guacamayos Spindle Snake
|
|
Guacamayos-Spindelnatter
|
|
Guacamayos-tensnog
|
|
2013 | |
Atractus touzeti Schargel, Lamar, Passos, Valencia, Cisneros-Heredia & Campbell |
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus trefauti
|
Roura Spindle Snake
|
|
Roura-Spindelnatter
|
|
Roura-tensnog
|
|
2019 | |
Atractus trefauti Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Fouquet, Costa Prudente & Torres-Carvajal |
Distribution:
Brazil
(Amapa,
Para),
French Guiana.
|
|
|
Atractus trihedrurus
|
South Brazilian Spindle Snake, (False São Paulo Spindle Snake)
|
|
Südbrasilianische Spindelnatter
|
|
Sydbrasiliansk Tensnog
|
|
1926 | |
Atractus trihedrurus Amaral |
Remarks:
Generic assignment regarded as uncertain by Peters & Donoso-Barros (1970).
Revalidated by Fernandes (1996).
Records from Rio Grande do Sul are considered erroneous (Costa & Bérnils 2018).
Not listed for Rio de Janeiro by Oliveira, Gonzalez, Passos, Vrcibradic & Rocha (2020).
Distribution:
Brazil
(Parana,
Santa Catarina,
Sao Paulo).
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|
|
Atractus trilineatus
|
Venezuelan Three-lined Spindle Snake
|
|
Venezuelanische Dreistreifen-Spindelnatter
|
|
Venezuelansk Trestribet Tensnog
|
|
1826 | |
Brachyorrhos kuhlii Schlegel [suppressed name; International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 2008: Opinion 2210] |
|
1828 | |
Atractus trilineatus Wagler [conserved name; International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 2008: Opinion 2210] |
|
1837 | |
Calamaria brachyorrhos Schlegel (Hoogmoed 1982; Murphy, Mumpuni, Lang, Gower & Sanders 2012) |
|
1862 | |
Rabdosoma punctatovittatum Jan (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
|
1862 | |
Rabdosoma trivirgatum Jan (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
Remarks:
Presence in Surinam has been rejected (Hoogmoed 1979, 1982; Hoogmoed & Prudente 2003), however, a specimen from the country was listed by Köhler & Kieckbusch (2014).
Not mentioned for the country by Kuijpers (2024).
Distribution:
Brazil
(Amazonas,
Roraima),
Guyana,
Surinam,
Trinidad & Tobago
(Tobago,
Trinidad),
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus trivittatus
|
Colombian Three-lined Spindle Snake, (Three-banded Spindle Snake)
|
|
Kolumbianische Dreistreifen-Spindelnatter
|
|
Colombiansk Trestribet Tensnog
|
|
1933 | |
Atractus trivittatus Amaral |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus turikensis
|
Turik Mesa Spindle Snake
|
|
Turik-Mesa-Spindelnatter
|
|
Turik Mesa-tensnog
|
|
2000 | |
Atractus turikensis Barros B. |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus typhon
|
Typhon Spindle Snake
|
|
Taifun-Spindelnatter
|
|
Tyfon-tensnog
|
|
2009 | |
Atractus typhon Passos, Mueses-Cisneros, Lynch & Fernandes |
Distribution:
Colombia,
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus ukupacha
|
El Chaco Spindle Snake
|
|
El-Chaco-Spindelnatter
|
|
El Chaco-tensnog
|
|
2021 | |
Atractus ukupacha Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, Venegas & Torres-Carvajal |
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus univittatus
|
One-striped Spindle Snake, One-banded Spindle Snake
|
|
Einzelstreifige Spindelnatter
|
|
Enkeltstribet Tensnog
|
|
1862 | |
Rabdosoma univittatum Jan |
|
| |
Atractus univittatus Roze 1961 |
Remarks:
Not listed for Venezuela by Mumaw, González & Fernández (2015).
Distribution:
Colombia,
Trinidad & Tobago
(Tobago),
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus variegatus
|
Variegated Spindle Snake
|
|
Bunte Spindelnatter
|
|
Broget Tensnog
|
|
1942 | |
Atractus variegatus Prado |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus ventrimaculatus
|
Venezuelan Spot-bellied Spindle Snake, Speckled Spindle Snake
|
|
Gesprenkelte Spindelnatter
|
|
Spættet Tensnog
|
|
1905 | |
Atractus ventrimaculatus Boulenger |
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus vertebralis
|
Puno Spindle Snake, Vertebral Spindle Snake
|
|
Puno-Spindelnatter
|
|
Puno-tensnog
|
|
1904 | |
Atractus vertebralis Boulenger |
Distribution:
Peru.
|
|
|
Atractus vertebrolineatus
|
Midline Spindle Snake, (Ocaña Spindle Snake)
|
|
Rückenstreifen-Spindelnatter
|
|
Rygstribet Tensnog
|
|
1941 | |
Atractus vertebrolineatus Prado |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus vittatus
|
Venezuelan Striped Spindle Snake
|
|
Venezuelanische Gestreifte Spindelnatter
|
|
Venezuelansk Stribet Tensnog
|
|
1894 | |
Atractus vittatus Boulenger |
Remarks:
Generic position uncertain (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970). May belong to the genus
Geophis.
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Atractus wagleri
|
Boyacá Spindle Snake
|
|
Boyacá-Spindelnatter
|
|
Boyacá-tensnog
|
|
1945 | |
Atractus wagleri Prado |
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus werneri
|
Argélia Spindle Snake
|
|
Argélia-Spindelnatter
|
|
Argélia-tensnog
|
|
1914 | |
Atractus werneri Peracca |
|
1940 | |
Atractus colombianus Prado (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
Remarks:
Previously included longimaculatus.
Distribution:
Colombia.
|
|
|
Atractus zebrinus
|
Zebra Spindle Snake
|
|
Zebra-Spindelnatter
|
|
Zebra-tensnog
|
|
1862 | |
Rabdosoma zebrinum Jan |
|
| |
Atractus zebrinus Fernandes, Freire & Puorto 2000 |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of maculatus (e.g., Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970). Revalidated by Fernandes, Freire & Puorto (2000).
Records from Bahia are considered erroneous (Costa & Bérnils 2018).
Distribution:
Brazil
(Espirito Santo,
Minas Gerais,
Parana,
Rio de Janeiro,
Santa Catarina,
Sao Paulo).
|
|
|
Atractus zgap
|
Santa Rosa Spindle Snake, (ZGAP Ground Snake)
|
|
Santa-Rosa-Spindelnatter
|
|
Santa Rosa-tensnog
|
|
2022 | |
Atractus zgap Arteaga, Quezada, Vieira & Guayasamin |
Distribution:
Ecuador.
|
|
|
Atractus zidoki
|
Haut Oyapock Spindle Snake
|
|
Haut-Oyapock-Spindelnatter
|
|
Haut Oyapock-tensnog
|
|
1979 | |
Atractus zidoki Gasc & Rodrigues |
Remarks:
Records from south of the Amazon River in Para (e.g., Cunha & Nascimento 1984) have subsequently been described as a separate species (hoogmoedi). Means' (2007) records from Colombia and Guyana were apparently overlooked by Prudente & Passos (2010).
Distribution:
Brazil
(Amapa),
Colombia,
French Guiana,
Surinam.
|
|
|