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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk).
Latest update: December 31st, 2022.


Taxonomy of the family Chelidae
Bibliography of the genus Phrynops
Biodiversity of the family Chelidae








Genus
Phrynops

Lesser Toad-headed Turtles

Kleine Krötenkopfschildkröten

Små Tudsehovedskildpadder

1830 Phrynops Wagler (type species: Emys geoffroana Schweigger 1812)
1872 Spatulemys Gray (type species: Spatulemys lasalae Gray 1872; syn. Fritz & Havas 2006)

Contents: 4 species, none of which are endemic.
Endemism: 0% 100%
Remarks: Previously included the species now placed in Mesoclemmys and Rhinemys (e.g., Iverson 1992). Generic allocation of the species considered here to belong to Mesoclemmys, Phrynops, and Rhinemys is still controversial (Fritz & Havas 2006).
Distribution: South America.
Reported from: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Acre, Alagoas, Amapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceara, Distrito Federal, Espirito Santo, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Para, Paraiba, Parana, Pernambuco, Piaui, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Rondonia, Roraima, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Tocantins), Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Surinam, Uruguay, Venezuela.

Phrynops geoffroanus

Brazilian Toad-headed Turtle, (Geoffroy's Toad-headed Turtle, Geoffroy's Side-necked Turtle)

Dunkle Krötenkopfschildkröte

Brasiliansk Tudsehovedskildpadde

1812 Emys geoffroana Schweigger
Chelodina geoffroana Fitzinger 1826
Phrynops geoffroana Wagler 1830
Platemys geoffroana Wagler 1833
Hydraspis geoffroana Fitzinger 1835
Rhinemys geoffroana Baur 1890
1820 Emys depressa Wied-Neuwied in Merrem (Fritz & Havas 2006)
Chelys depressa Gray in Griffith 1831
Hydraspis depressa Gray 1831
Platemys depressa Strauch 1862
1824 Emys viridis Spix (Fritz & Havas 2006)
Chelys viridis Gray in Griffith 1831
Hydraspis viridis Gray 1831
1835 Platemys neuwiedii Duméril & Bibron (Fritz & Havas 2006)
1835 Platemys waglerii Duméril & Bibron (Fritz & Havas 2006)
Hydraspis wagleri Gray 1844
Phrynops wagleri Stejneger 1909
1895 Hydraspis boulengeri Bohls (Fritz & Havas 2006)
1926 Hydraspis lutzi Ihering in Leuderwaldt (Fritz & Havas 2006)

Introduced to: Anguilla (Anguilla Island).
Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Acre, Alagoas, Amapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceara, Distrito Federal, Espirito Santo, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Para, Paraiba, Parana, Pernambuco, Piaui, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Rondonia, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Sergipe, Tocantins), Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Venezuela.


Phrynops geoffroanus
© Rune Midtgaard

Phrynops hilarii

Spotted-bellied Toad-headed Turtle, Spotted-bellied Side-necked Turtle, (Hilaire's Side-necked Turtle)

Bauchflecken-Krötenkopfschildkröte, (Hilaires Krötenkopfschildkröte)

Pletskjoldet Tudsehovedskildpadde

1835 Platemys hilarii Dumeril & Bibron
Hydraspis hilairii [lapsus] Gray 1844
Hydraspis geoffroyanus hilarii Siebenrock 1905
Phrynops hilarii Stejneger 1909
Phrynops geoffroana hilarii Müller 1939
1872 Spatulemys lasalae Gray (Fritz & Havas 2006)

Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina), Paraguay, Uruguay.


Phrynops hilarii
© Rune Midtgaard

Phrynops tuberosus

Spotted Toad-headed Turtle, Northern Toad-headed Turtle, Guianan Toad-headed Turtle, Cotinga River Toad-headed Turtle, (Peters' Side-necked Turtle)

Stachelige Krötenkopfschildkröte

Plettet Tudsehovedskildpadde

1870 Platemys tuberosa Peters
Hydraspis tuberosa Gray 1870
Phrynops tuberosa Stejneger 1909
Phrynops geoffroana tuberosa Müller 1939

Remarks: Now restricted to Brazil (Roraima), Guyana, and Venezuela (Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2017). Previous records from other countries and states apparently refer to other species. Records from Ceara are erroneous (Costa & Bérnils 2018).
Distribution: Brazil (Roraima), Guyana, Venezuela.


Phrynops williamsi

Rio Cadea Toad-headed Turtle, (Williams' Toad-headed Turtle, Williams' Side-necked Turtle)

Williams' Krötenkopfschildkröte

Rio Cadea-tudsehovedskildpadde

1983 Phrynops williamsi Rhodin & Mittermeier

Distribution: Argentina, Brazil (Parana, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina), Paraguay, Uruguay.