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Taxonomy of the genus Xenodon Biodiversity of the family Colubridae

Bibliography of the genus
Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads and South American Hognose Snakes)

(Reptilia: Serpentes: Colubridae)

Note: In order to limit redundancy, relevant literature indexed in the related bibliographies in the left column may not have been included in this page. For a comprehensive search of literature, these bibliographies should therefore also be consulted.


Xenodon in general

Bailey, J.R. 1962. Lystrophis Cope,1885 (Reptilia); proposed validation under the plenary powers. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 19: 164-169.

Boulenger, E.G. 1915. On a colubrid snake (Xenodon) with a vertically movable maxillary bone. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1915: 83-85.

Breitling, R. 1993. Zur Entdeckerpriorität der Oberkieferkinese bei Xenodon (Colubridae: Xenodontinae). Salamandra 29(2): 155-156.

Cadle, J.E. 1984. Molecular systematics of Neotropical xenodontine snakes. 1. South American xenodontines. Herpetologica 40(1): 8-20.

Hubbs, C.L. 1932. The use of the generic name Ophis for an eel, a snake and a mollusc. Copeia 1932: 26-27.

Hutwalker, A. 2009. Die gebänderten Hakennasennatter der Gattung Lystrophis Haltung und Nachzucht einer kleinen Schönheit. Reptilia (D) 14(77): 52-57.

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1964. Opinion 698. Lystrophis Cope 1885 (Reptilia): validated under the Plenary Powers. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 21: 101-103.

Lemos Romano, S.A. de; Hoge, A.R. 1972. Nota sobre Xenodon e Ophis Serpentes, Colubridae. Memorias do Instituto Butantan (Sao Paulo) 36: 209-214.

Orejas-Miranda, B.R. 1966. The snake genus Lystrophis in Uruguay. Copeia 1966: 193-205.

Peters, W.C.H. 1864. Über einige neue Säugethiere (Mormops, Macrotus, Vesperus, Molossus, Capromys), Amphibien (Plathydactylus, Otocryptis, Euprepes, Ungalia, Dromicus, Tropidonotus, Xenodon, Hylodes), und Fische (Sillago, Sebastes, Channa, Myctophum, Carassius, Barbus,..... Monatsberichte der Königlich Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1864(June): 381-399.

Xenodon angustirostris

Gutiérrez Rodríguez, A.A.; Sunyer, J. 2017. Distribution notes: Xenodon angustirostris (Peters, 1864). Mesoamerican Herpetology 4(2): 479-480.

Myers, C.W.; McDowell, S.B. 2014. New taxa and cryptic species of Neotropical snakes (Xenodontinae), with commentary on hemipenes as generic and specific characters. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 385: 1-112.

Smith, H.M. 1940. Descriptions of new lizards and snakes from Mexico and Guatemala. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 53: 55-64.

Xenodon dorbignyi

Francini, F.; Grisolia, C.S.; Peluso, F.O. 1995. Biologia comportamental de juveniles de Lystrophis dorbignyi (Serpentes, Colubridae) en cautiverio. Iheringia Serie Zoologia 78: 171-176.

Francini, F.; Peluso, F.O.; Grisolia, C.S. 1991. Observaciones sobre una postura de Lystrophis dorbignyi (Dumeril, Bibron, y Dumeril, 1854) (Ophidia - Colubridae). Neotropica (La Plata) 37(97): 25-29.

Kunz, T.S.; Rohling, G.I.; Giasson, L.O.M. 2011. Novos registros de répteis para as áreas abertas naturais do planalto e do litoral sul de Santa Catarina, Brasil. [New records of reptiles from natural open areas of the plateau and South coast of Santa Catarina, Brazil]. Biotemas 24(3): 59-68.

Lema, T. de 1961. Notas sôbre os répteis do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. X. Estudo das marcas vertebrais de Lystrophis dorbignyi (Dum., Bibr. & Dum.) e descrição de um exemplar anomalo (Serpentes: Colubri-dae). Iheringia (Zoologia) 17: 11-14.

Lema, T. de 1994. Lista comentada dos repteis ocorrentes no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Comunicacoes do Museu de Ciencias da PUCRGS 7: 41-150.

Nenda, S.J.; Cacivio, P.M. 2007. Reptilia, Colubridae, Xenodontinae, Lystrophis dorbignyi, Lystrophis pulcher, and Lystrophis semicinctus: distribution extension, new provinces records in Argentina. Check List 3(2): 126-130.

Oliveira, R.B. de; Di-Bernardo, M.; Funk Pontes, G.M.; Maciel, A.P.; Krause, L. 2001. Dieta e comportamento alimentar da cobra-Nariguda, Lystrophis dorbignyi (Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril, 1854) no litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Cuadernos de Herpetologia 14(2): 117-122.

Oliveira, R.B. de; Pontes, G.M.F.; Maciel, A.P.; Ribeiro Gomes, L.; Di-Bernardo, M. 2011. Reproduction of Xenodon dorbignyi on the north coast of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Herpetological Journal 21(4): 219-225.

Oliveira, R.B. de; Pontes, G.M.F.; Solé, M.; Di-Bernardo, M.; Martins, M.B. 2004. Natural history notes: Lystrophis dorbignyi (Nariguda) and Helicops infrataeniatus (Cobra-d'Agua). Predation. Herpetological Review 35(1): 70-71.

Tozetti, A.M.; Oliveira, R.B. de; Pontes, G.M.F. 2009. Defensive repertoire of Xenodon dorbignyi (Serpentes, Dipsadidae). Biota Neotropica 9(3): 157-163.

Tozetti, A.M.; Pontes, G.M.F.; Borges-Martins, M.; Oliveira, R.B. 2010. Temperature preferences of Xenodon dorbignyi: field and experimental observations. Herpetological Journal 20(4): 277-280.

Yanosky, A.A.; Chani, J.M. 1986. Lystrophis dorbignyi (Dumeril, Bibron et Dumeril). Revue Francaise d'Aquariologie Herpetologie 12(3) [1985]: 2 pp.

Yanosky, A.A.; Chani, J.M. 1988. Possible dual mimicry of Bothrops and Micrurus by the colubrid, Lystrophis dorbignyi. Journal of Herpetology 22(2): 222-224.

Xenodon guentheri

Abegg, A.D.; Ceron, K.; Lhanos, F.H. 2018. Natural history notes: Xenodon guentheri (Günther's False Fer-de-lance). Defensive behavior. Herpetological Review 49(1): 141-142.

Xenodon histricus

Carreira, S.; Lombardo, I. 2007. Natural history notes: Lystrophis histricus (Rayed or Jan's Hog-nosed Snake). Diet. Herpetological Review 38(2): 208.

Carreira, S.; Lombardo, I.; Colina, M.; Gómez, J.C. 2011. Natural history notes: Xenodon histricus (Rayed or Jan's Hog-nosed Snake). Reproduction. Herpetological Review 42(2): 305.

D'Angelo, J.S.; Agnolín, F.L.; Godoy, F.A. 2015. Xenodon histricus (Jan, 1863) (Squamata: Dipsadidae): distribution extension and new province record in Argentina. Check List 11(5)(Article 1737): 1-3.

Orejas-Miranda, B.R. 1971. Nuevo hallazgo de Lystrophis histricus para el Uruguay. Boletin de la Sociedad Zoologica del Uruguay 1: 61-62.

Prigioni, C.; Borteiro, C.; Kolenc, F. 2011. Amphibia and Reptilia, Quebrada de los Cuervos, Departamento de Treinta y Tres, Uruguay. Check List 7(6): 763-767.

Silva Alves, S. da; Rigon Bolzan, A.M.; Santos, T.G. dos; Gressler, D.T.; Cechin, S.Z. 2013. Rediscovery, distribution extension and defensive behaviour of Xenodon histricus (Squamata: Serpentes) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Salamandra 49(4): 219-222.

Vinas, M.; Olmedo, E.V. de 1988. Sobre Lystrophis histricus (Jan) en la Argentina (Serpentes, Colubridae). Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales 'Bernardino Rivadavia' e Instituto Nacional de Investigacion de las Ciencias Naturales Zoologia 15(1): 3-6.

Xenodon matogrossensis

Giraudo, A.R. 1997. Geographic distribution: Lystrophis matogrossensis (South America Hognose Snake). Herpetological Review 28(3): 159.

Scrocchi, G.; Cruz, F.B. 1993. Description of a new species of the genus Lystrophis Cope and a revalidation of Lystrophis pulcher (Jan, 1863) (Serpentes; Colubridae). Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 38(10): 171-186.

Xenodon merremii

Amaral, A. do 1929. Valor systematico de varias formas de ophidios neotropicos. Memorias do Instituto Butantan (Sao Paulo) 4: 3-68.

Amaral, A. do 1934. Curiosos habitos e particularidades da Boipeva (Xenodon merremi: Colubridae). Bol. Biol. S. Paulo N.S. 2(1): 1-3.

Anthony, J.; Serra, R.G. 1949. Sur une particularite remarquable de l'appareil de la morsure chez un serpent aglyphe de L'Amerique tropicale, "Xenodon merremii". Revista Brasileira de Biologia 9(2): 153-160.

Aroztegui, A.; Alvarez, B.; Cespedez, J. 2008. Natural history notes: Waglerophis merremi (false yarara). Diet. Herpetological Review 39(4): 475.

Belluomini, H.E. 1959. Bicefalia em Xenodon merremii (Wagler 1824) (Serpentes). Memorias do Instituto Butantan (Sao Paulo) 28: 85-89.

Bergna, S.; Albarez de Avanza, B. 1992. Quelques remarques sur la biologie et le mimetisme de Waglerophis merremi (Wagler), (Ophidia, Colubridae, Xenodontinae). Revue Francaise d'Aquariologie Herpetologie 19(3): 93-96.

Cacciali, P. 2009. [Arthropod remains found in the faeces of Waglerophis merremi: is this an insectivorous snake?]. Boletin de la Asociacion Herpetologica Espanola 20: 59-60.

Cacciali, P. 2010. Chromatic variation in populations of Xenodon merremi (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) in Paraguay. Acta Herpetologica 5(1): 107-112.

Caldeira Costa, H.; Assis, C.L. de; Azevedo Werneck, H. de; Valle Nunes, A.; Neves Feio, R. 2009. Ataque de um falçao acaua (Herpetotheros cachinnans) sobre a serpente Boipeva (Xenodon merremii) na Mata Atlantica de Minas Gerais, sudeste do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoociencias 11(2): 171-173.

Campos Brites, V.L. de; Bauab, F. 1995. Una incubadora para huevos de ofidios y saurios. Acta Zoologica Lilloana 43(1): 225-227.

Carreira, S.; Achaval, F. 2007. Sobre la presencia de Waglerophis merremi (Wagler, 1824) en Uruguay (Reptilia: Squamata). Boletin de la Sociedad Zoologica del Uruguay Segunda Epoca 16: 32-35.

Chiaraviglio, M.; Gutierrez, M. 1994. Reconocimiento de olor feromonal conespecifico en Waglerophis merremii (Serpentes: Colubridae). Influencia estacional y hormonal. Cuadernos de Herpetologia 8(1): 126-130.

Cordeiro, C.L.S.; Sawaya, P. 1982. Comparative behaviour of Waglerophis merremii (Wagler 1824) (Serpentes-Colubridae) under the influence of inhalant anasthetics. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 15(4-5): 339.

Darevsky, I.S. 1971. Delayed fertilization in the Brazilian colubrid snake Xenodon merremii (Wagler). Journal of Herpetology 5: 82-83.

Dirksen, L.; Duarte, M.R. 1998. Polymorphismus in Waglerophis merremii (Wagler, 1824). Herpetofauna (Weinstadt) 20(115): 20.

Espinoza, N.C. de 1977. New records of colubrid snakes from Peru, with notes on their ecology and distribution. Herpetological Review 8(3): 3.

Feranandes-Ferreira, H.; Borges-Nojosa, D.M.; Cassiano Lima, D.; Borges-Leite, M.J.; Cunha Passos, D.; Tavares, A.A. 2010. Natural history notes: Waglerophis merremii (Wagler's Snake). Feeding behavior. Herpetological Review 41(3): 373.

Fernandez, F.M.; Schoos, S.S. de 1990. Actividad hemolitica natural de Waglerophis merremi (Wagler) (Reptilia, Colubridae). Acta Zoologica Lilloana 39(2): 17-21.

Hoogmoed, M.S. 1985. Xenodon werneri Eiselt, a poorly known snake from Guiana, with notes on Waglerophis merremii (Wagler) (Reptilia: Serpentes: Colubridae). Notes on the herpetofauna of Surinam 9. Zoologische Mededelingen (Leiden) 59(8): 79-88.

Hubbs, C.L. 1932. The use of the generic name Ophis for an eel, a snake and a mollusc. Copeia 1932: 26-27.

Ibisch, P.; Böhme, W. 1993. Zur Kenntnis der innerandinen Herpetofauna Boliviens (Provinz Arque, Departamento Cochabamba). Herpetofauna (Weinstadt) 15(84): 15-26.

Klingelhöffer, W. 1950. Über das Gebitz von Xenodon merremi. Deuts. Aquar. Terrar. Z. (Stuttgart) 3: 187-188.

Kornacker, P.M. 1998. Erstnachweis von Waglerophis merremii (Wagler, 1824) für Venezuela - nebst einigen Angaben zur Art. Herpetofauna (Weinstadt) 20(113): 14-18.

Lavilla, E.O.; Scrocchi, G.J.; Teran, E.M.T. 1979. Sobre algunos aspectos del comportamiento en cautiverio de Xenodon merremii (Wagler) (Ophidia: Colubridae). Acta Zoologica Lilloana 35(1): 287-293.

Lema, T. de 1961. Notas sôbre os répteis do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. XI. Bicefelia em Xenodon merremii (Wagler) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Iheringia (Zoologia) 17: 15-19.

Lema, T. de 1962. Deformacao acidental em Xenodon merremii (Wagler, 1824) (Serpentes, Colubridae). Iheringia (Zoologia) 24: 1-6.

Moura-Leite, J.C. de; Bernarde, P.S. 1999. Geographic distribution: Waglerophis merremii (Boipeva). Herpetological Review 30(1): 56.

Oliveira e Almeida, T.; Carvalho, M.F.; Caldeira Costa, H. 2010. Exchanging carrion for fresh meat: the vulture Cathartes burrovianus (Aves, Cathartidae) preys on the snake Xenodon merremii (Serpentes, Dipsadidae) in southeastern Brazil. Biotemas 23(4): 177-180.

Pizzatto, L.; Jordao, R.S.; Marques, O.A.V. 2008. Overview of reproductive strategies in Xenodontini (Serpentes: Colubridae: Xenodontinae) with new data for Xenodon neuwiedii and Waglerophis merremii. Journal of Herpetology 42(1): 153-162.

Ribeiro, M.M.; Freire, E.M.X. 2012. Natural history notes: Rhinella granulosa (Common Lesser Toad), Xenodon merremii. Predation. Herpetological Review 43(3): 469.

Schetty, P. 1950. Eine selten importierte Brasilianerin. Deuts. Aquar. Terrar. Z. (Stuttgart) 3(7): 108-109.

Tourmente, M.; Giojalas, L.C.; Chiaraviglio, M. 2011. Sperm parameters associated with reproductive ecology in two snake species. Herpetologica 67(1): 58-70.

Travaglia-Cardoso, S.R. 2007. Natural history notes: Waglerophis merremii (Boipeva). Reproduction. Herpetological Review 38(4): 471.

Vitt, L.J. 1983. Ecology of an anuran-eating guild of terrestrial tropical snakes. Herpetologica 39(1): 52-66.

Vitt, L.J.; Vangilder, L.D. 1984. Ecology of a snake community in northeastern Brazil. Amphibia-Reptilia 4(2-4) [1983]: 273-296.

Vuoto, J.A. 1996. Ampliacion del area de distribucion de Waglerophis merremii (Wagler 1824) (Serpentes: Colubridae) sobre las provincias de Entre Rios, Santa Fe y Buenos Aires, Argentina. Cuadernos de Herpetologia 10(1-2): 67-70.

Xenodon nattereri

Argôlo, A.J.S. 2002. Geographic distribution: Lystrophis nattereri (NCN). Herpetological Review 33(2): 150.

Brasileiro, C.A.; Martins, M.; Kiefer, M.C. 2003. Natural history notes: Lystrophis nattereri (NCN). Predation. Herpetological Review 34(1): 70.

Hoge, A.R.; Cordeiro, C.L.; Lemos Romano, S.A. de 1975. Posicão taxonomico de Lystrophis nattereri (Steindachner) (Serpentes, Colubridae). Memorias do Instituto Butantan (Sao Paulo) 39: 37-50.

Lima Silveira, A.; Ribeiro Costa, E.; Salles, L.M. 2004. Geographic distribution: Lystrophis nattereri. Herpetological Review 35(4): 412.

Xenodon neuwiedii

Amaral, A. do 1926. Notas de ophiologia. 1a. Nota de ophiologia. Sôbre a invalidez de um gênero e algunas espécies de ophidios sul-americanos. Revista do Museu Paulista (São Paulo) 14: 17-33.

Argôlo, A.J.S. 1999. Geographic distribution: Xenodon neuwiedii. Herpetological Review 30(1): 56.

Aximoff, I.; Spencer, C. 2016. Natural history notes: Xenodon neuwiedii (Neuwied's False Fer-de-lance). Reproduction. Herpetological Review 47(1): 155.

Braz, H.B.; Marques, O.A.V. 2016. Tail-first ingestion of prey by the false coral snake, Erythrolamprus aesculapii: does it know where the tail is. Salamandra 52(2): 211-214.

Costa, H.C.; Borges Martins, L.; Carvalho, T.R. de 2012. [Xenodon neuwiedii (Serpentes: Xenodontinae): diet]. (In Portuguese). Herpetologia Brasileira 1(1): 38-40.

Maia, T.; Wachlevski, M.; Barcante, L.; Rocha, C.F.D. 2011. Natural history notes: Xenodon neuwiedii (False Lancehead). Diet. Herpetological Review 42(3): 447.

Pizzatto, L.; Jordao, R.S.; Marques, O.A.V. 2008. Overview of reproductive strategies in Xenodontini (Serpentes: Colubridae: Xenodontinae) with new data for Xenodon neuwiedii and Waglerophis merremii. Journal of Herpetology 42(1): 153-162.

Serafim, H.; Ienne, S.; Salino, A.; Cicchi, P.J.P. 2008. Natural history notes: Bokermannohyla circumdata (Espirito Santo Treefrog). Predation. Herpetological Review 39(4): 458-459.

Silva, V.X. da; Rodrigues, M.T. 2001. Natural history notes: Xenodon neuwiedii (Quiriripita). Diet. Herpetological Review 32(3): 188.

Xenodon pulcher

Buasso, C.M.; Leynaud, G.C.; Cruz, F.B. 2006. Predation on snakes of Argentina: Effects of coLoration and ring pattern on coral and False Coral Snakes. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 41(3): 183-188.

Cabral, H.; Piatti, L.; Souza, F.L. de; Scrocchi, G.; Ferreira, V.L. 2015. Xenodon pulcher (Jan, 1863) (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) first record for Brazil and a distribution extension. Herpetology Notes 8: 361-364.

Nenda, S.J.; Cacivio, P.M. 2007. Reptilia, Colubridae, Xenodontinae, Lystrophis dorbignyi, Lystrophis pulcher, and Lystrophis semicinctus: distribution extension, new provinces records in Argentina. Check List 3(2): 126-130.

Scrocchi, G.; Cruz, F.B. 1993. Description of a new species of the genus Lystrophis Cope and a revalidation of Lystrophis pulcher (Jan, 1863) (Serpentes; Colubridae). Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 38(10): 171-186.

Steindachner, F. 1867. Herpetologische Notizen. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 55: 263-273.

Trutnau, L. 2004. Einige Bemerkungen zur Naturgeschichte, Pflege und Nachzucht der (Falschen Korallenschlange) Lystrophis pulcher (JAN, 1863). Herpetofauna (Weinstadt) 25(142): 25-35.

Xenodon rabdocephalus

Goldberg, S.R. 2008. Reproduction in the false Fer-de-lance, Xenodon rabdocephalus (Serpentes: Colubridae) from Costa Rica. Herpetological Bulletin 103: 16-18.

Kuch, U.; Freire-Lascano, A. 2002. Snake records from Bolivar province, Ecuador. Herpetozoa 15(3-4): 182.

Minton, S.A.; Smith, H.M. 1960. A new subspecies of Coniophanes fissidens and notes on Central American amphibians and reptiles. Herpetologica 16: 103-111.

Myers, C.W.; McDowell, S.B. 2014. New taxa and cryptic species of Neotropical snakes (Xenodontinae), with commentary on hemipenes as generic and specific characters. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 385: 1-112.

Paolillo-O., A. 1984. First record of the colubrid snake, Xenodon rhabdocephalus (Wied.), for Venezuela. Herpetological Review 15(1): 22-23.

Xenodon semicinctus

Giambelluca, L.A. 1999. Lystrophis semicinctus (Ophidia: Colubridae) nueva cita para la provincia de Chubut (Argentina). Boletin de la Asociacion Herpetologica Espanola 10: 19.

Müller, P. 1969. Über die nördliche Arealgrenze von Lystrophis semicinctus (Dumeril, Bibron und Dumeril). Aqua Terra 6: 96-99.

Nenda, S.J.; Cacivio, P.M. 2007. Reptilia, Colubridae, Xenodontinae, Lystrophis dorbignyi, Lystrophis pulcher, and Lystrophis semicinctus: distribution extension, new provinces records in Argentina. Check List 3(2): 126-130.

Xenodon severus

Alemán, C. 1952. Apuntes sobre reptiles y anfibios de la region Baruta-El Hatillo. Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle 12(31): 11-30.

Alemán, C. 1953. Contribution al estudio de los reptiles y batracios de la Sierra de Perija. Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle 13(35): Unpaginated.

Hoge, A.R. 1952. Snakes from the Uaupes region. Memorias do Instituto Butantan (Sao Paulo) 24: 225-227.

Johnson, M.L. 1952. Herpetological notes from northeastern Brazil. Copeia 1952: 283-284.

Kahn, T.R. 2011. Cobra-like hooding and mouth-gapping in an atypically monocle patterned Xenodon severus (Linnaeus, 1758): a case of convergent evolutionary behavior. Herpetotropicos 6(1-2): 25-26.

Mijares-Urrutia, A.; Arends-R., A. 1999. Additional new regional and local records of amphibians and reptiles from the state of Falcon, Venezuela. Herpetological Review 30(2): 115.

Prado, A.; Hoge, A.R. 1947. Observações sobre serpentes do Peru, com a descrição de uma nova especie. Ciencia (Mexico) 8(6-9): 180.

Roze, J.A. 1959. Taxonomic notes on a collection of Venezuelan reptiles in the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum Novitates 1934: 1-14.

Xenodon suspectus

Dixon, J.R. 1983. Taxonomic status of the Brazilian colubrid snake Xenodon suspectus Cope. Texas Journal of Science 35(3): 257-260.

Myers, C.W.; McDowell, S.B. 2014. New taxa and cryptic species of Neotropical snakes (Xenodontinae), with commentary on hemipenes as generic and specific characters. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 385: 1-112.