Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk).
Latest update:
January 31st, 2025.
 
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Genus
Bothriechis
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Palm Pitvipers
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Palmenlanzenottern
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Palmelanseslanger
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1859 |  |
Bothriechis Peters (type species: Bothriechis nigroviridis Peters 1859) |
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1860 | |
Teleuraspis Cope (type species: Trigonocephalus schlegelii Berthold 1846) |
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1861 | |
Thamnocenchris Salvin (type species: Thamnocenchris aurifer Salvin 1860) |
Contents:
12 species, of which 4 (33.3%) are endemic.
Endemism: 0%  100%
Remarks:
Previously included in
Bothrops.
Distribution:
S. Mexico, Central America, NW. South America.
Reported from:
Belize,
Colombia,
Costa Rica,
Ecuador,
El Salvador,
Guatemala,
Honduras,
Mexico
(Chiapas,
Oaxaca,
Tabasco),
Nicaragua,
Panama,
Peru.
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Bothriechis aurifer
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Yellow-blotched Palm Pitviper
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Gelbgefleckte Palmenlanzenotter
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Gulplettet Palmelanseslange
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1860 | |
Thamnocenchris aurifer Salvin |
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Bothriechis aurifera Cope 1871 |
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Bothrops aurifer Müller 1877 |
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Lachesis aurifera Boulenger 1896 |
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Trimeresurus aurifer Mocquard 1909 |
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Bothrops nigroviridis aurifera Barbour & Loveridge 1929 |
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Trimeresurus nigroviridis aurifer Smith 1941 |
Distribution:
Guatemala,
Mexico
(Chiapas).
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Bothriechis bicolor
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Guatemalan Palm Pitviper
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Guatemalische Palmenlanzenotter, Zweifarbige Palmenlanzenotter
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Guatemalansk Palmelanseslange
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1868 | |
Bothrops bicolor Bocourt |
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Bothriechis bicolor Günther 1895-1902 |
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Lachesis bicolor Boulenger 1896 |
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Trimeresurus bicolor Mocquard 1909 |
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1978 | |
Bothriechis ornatus Julia-Zertuche & Varela (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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Bothrops ornatus Alvarez del Toro 1982 |
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1877 | |
Bothrops bernoullii Müller (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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Bothriechis bernoullii Müller 1878 |
Remarks:
Previously included the populations now assigned to thalassinus.
Records from Honduras refer to that species (McCranie 2011).
Distribution:
Guatemala,
Mexico
(Chiapas).
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Bothriechis guifarroi
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Texícuat Palm Pitviper
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Texicuat-Palmenlanzenotter
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Texícuat-palmelanseslange
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2013 | |
Bothriechis guifarroi Townsend, Medina-Flores, Wilson, Jadin & Austin |
Distribution:
Honduras.
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Bothriechis lateralis
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Side-striped Palm Pitviper, Yellow-lipped Palm Pitviper
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Grüngelbe Palmenlanzenotter
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Sidestribet Palmelanseslange
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1863 | |
Bothriechis lateralis Peters |
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Bothrops lateralis Müller 1877 |
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Lachesis lateralis Boulenger 1896 |
Remarks:
Presence in Nicaragua needs confirmation (Campbell & Lamar 2004).
Distribution:
Costa Rica,
Panama.
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Bothriechis marchi
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Honduran Palm Pitviper, (March's Palm Pitviper)
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Honduranische Palmenlanzenotter, (Marchs Palmenlanzenotter)
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Honduras-palmelanseslange
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1929 | |
Bothrops nigroviridis marchi Barbour & Loveridge |
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Trimeresurus nigroviridis marchi Clark & Inger 1942 |
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Bothriechis nigroviridis marchi Hoge & Romano-Hoge 1983 |
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Bothriechis aurifer marchi Burger in Pérez-Higareda, Smith & Julia-Zertuche 1985 |
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Bothriechis marchi Campbell & Lamar 1989 |
Remarks:
Presence in Nicaragua is regarded as doubtful (Wilson & McCranie 1992).
Distribution:
Honduras.
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Bothriechis nigroadspersus
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Central American Eyelash Palm Pitviper, Central American Eyelash Pitviper
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Zentralamerikanische Greifschwanz-Lanzenotter
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Centralamerikansk Brynet Palmelanseslange
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1870 | |
Bothrops nigroadspersus Steindachner |
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Teleuraspis nigroadspersus Cope 1871 |
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Bothriechis nigroadspersus Arteaga, Pyron, Batista, Vieira, Meneses Pelayo, Smith, Barrio Amorós, Koch, Agne, Valencia, Bustamante & Harris 2024 |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of schlegelii (e.g., Campbell & Lamar 2004).
Revalidated as a separate species by Arteaga, Pyron, Batista, Vieira, Meneses Pelayo, Smith, Barrio Amorós, Koch, Agne, Valencia, Bustamante & Harris (2024).
Distribution:
Belize,
Colombia,
Costa Rica,
Guatemala,
Honduras,
Mexico
(Chiapas,
Oaxaca,
Tabasco),
Nicaragua,
Panama.
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Bothriechis nigroviridis
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Black-speckled Palm Pitviper
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Schwarzgefleckte Palmenlanzenotter, Schwarzgelbe Palmenlanzenotter
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Sortplettet Palmelanseslange
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1859 | |
Bothriechis nigroviridis Peters |
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Bothrops nigroviridis Müller 1877 |
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Lachesis nigroviridis Boulenger 1896 |
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Trimeresurus nigroviridis Pope 1955 |
Remarks:
Previously included aurifer and rowleyi. Records of nigroviridis from Mexico refer to these species.
Distribution:
Costa Rica,
Panama.
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Bothriechis nubestris
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Talamanca Palm Pitviper
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Talamanca-Palmenlanzenotter
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Talamanca-palmelanseslange
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2016 | |
Bothriechis nubestris Doan, Mason, Castoe, Sasa & Parkinson |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a population of nigroviridis.
Distribution:
Costa Rica.
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Bothriechis rowleyi
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Mexican Palm Pitviper, (Rowley's Palm Pitviper)
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Rowleys Palmenlanzenotter
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Mexicansk Palmelanseslange
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1968 | |
Bothrops rowleyi Bogert |
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Bothrops nigroviridis rowleyi Smith & Moll 1969 |
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Bothriechis rowleyi Campbell & Lamar 1989 |
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1969 | |
Bothrops nigroviridis macdougalli Smith & Moll (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
Distribution:
Mexico
(Chiapas,
Oaxaca).
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Bothriechis schlegelii
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South American Eyelash Palm Pitviper, (Eyelash Pitviper, Horned Palm Pitviper)
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Südamerikanische Greifschwanz-Lanzenotter
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Sydamerikansk Brynet Palmelanseslange
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1845 | |
Trigonocephalus schlegelii Berthold |
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Teleuraspis schlegelii Cope 1860 |
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Bothrops schlegelii Jan 1863 |
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Thanatos schlegelii Posada-Arango 1889 |
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Thanatophis schlegelii Posada-Arango 1889 |
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Bothriechis schlegelii Günther 1895-1902 |
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Lachesis schlegelii Boulenger 1896 |
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Trimeresurus schlegelii Mocquard 1909 |
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1859 | |
Lachesis nitidus Günther (syn. Reyes-Velasco 2024) |
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Teleuraspis nitida Cope 1871 |
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Bothriechis nitidus Arteaga, Pyron, Batista, Vieira, Meneses Pelayo, Smith, Barrio Amorós, Koch, Agne, Valencia, Bustamante & Harris 2024 |
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1863 | |
Bothrops boussingaultii Jan (syn. Campbell & Lamar 2004; Reyes-Velasco 2024 [by implication]) |
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1889 | |
Thanatos torvus Posada-Arango (syn. Reyes-Velasco 2024) |
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Thanatophis torvus Posada-Arango 1889 |
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Bothriechis torvus Arteaga, Pyron, Batista, Vieira, Meneses Pelayo, Smith, Barrio Amorós, Koch, Agne, Valencia, Bustamante & Harris 2024 |
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1896 | |
Thanatophis colgadora García (syn. Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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1909 | |
Teleuraspis birri Posada-Arango (syn. Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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2024 | |
Bothriechis hussaini Arteaga, Pyron, Batista, Vieira, Meneses Pelayo, Smith, Barrio Amorós, Koch, Agne, Valencia, Bustamante & Harris (syn. Reyes-Velasco 2024) |
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2024 | |
Bothriechis khwargi Arteaga, Pyron, Batista, Vieira, Meneses Pelayo, Smith, Barrio Amorós, Koch, Agne, Valencia, Bustamante & Harris (syn. Reyes-Velasco 2024) |
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2024 | |
Bothriechis klebbai Arteaga, Pyron, Batista, Vieira, Meneses Pelayo, Smith, Barrio Amorós, Koch, Agne, Valencia, Bustamante & Harris (syn. Reyes-Velasco 2024) |
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2024 | |
Bothriechis rahimi Arteaga, Pyron, Batista, Vieira, Meneses Pelayo, Smith, Barrio Amorós, Koch, Agne, Valencia, Bustamante & Harris (syn. Reyes-Velasco 2024) |
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2024 | |
Bothriechis rasikusumorum Arteaga, Pyron, Batista, Vieira, Meneses Pelayo, Smith, Barrio Amorós, Koch, Agne, Valencia, Bustamante & Harris (syn. Reyes-Velasco 2024) |
Other common names:
hussaini: Buenaventura Eyelash Palm Pitviper, (Hussain's Eyelash Pitviper)
khwargi: Betulia Eyelash Palm Pitviper, (Khwarg's Eyelash Pitviper)
klebbai: Charalá Eyelash Palm Pitviper, (Klebba's Eyelash Pitviper)
nitidus: Ecuadorian Eyelash Palm Pitviper, Ecuadorian Eyelash Pitviper
rahimi: Esmeraldas Eyelash Palm Pitviper, (Rahim's Eyelash Pitviper)
rasikusumorum: Huila Eyelash Palm Pitviper, (Shah's Eyelash Pitviper)
schlegelii (sensu Arteaga & al. 2024): Highland Eyelash Palm Pitviper
torvus: Birri Eyelash Palm Pitviper, Birri Eyelash Pitviper
Remarks:
Previously included nigroadspersus and supraciliaris.
Arteaga, Pyron, Batista, Vieira, Meneses Pelayo, Smith, Barrio Amorós, Koch, Agne, Valencia, Bustamante & Harris (2024) revalidated nigroadspersus, nitidus, and torvus
as separate species and described hussaini, khwargi, klebbai, rahimi, and rasikusumorum.
Reyes-Velasco (2024) reassigned all these forms as synomyms of schlegelii, except nigroadspersus which he retained as a valid species.
Records from Venezuela are regarded as erroneous (Mumaw, González & Fernández 2015).
Distribution:
Colombia,
Ecuador,
Panama.
Peru.
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Bothriechis schlegelii
© Rune Midtgaard
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Bothriechis supraciliaris
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Blotched Palm Pitviper
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Bunte Palmenlanzenotter
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Broget Palmelanseslange
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1954 | |
Bothrops schlegelii supraciliaris Taylor |
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Bothrops supraciliaris Stuart 1963 |
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Bothriechis supraciliaris Solórzano, Gómez, Monge-Nájera, & Crother 1998 |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of schlegelii (e.g., Werman 1984b; Campbell & Lamar 1989). Revalidated by Solórzano, Gómez, Monge-Nájera, & Crother (1998), although regarded as a valid species in some previous works (e.g., Harding & Welch 1980; Hoge & Romano-Hoge 1981).
Distribution:
Costa Rica,
Panama.
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Bothriechis thalassinus
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Merendón Palm Pitviper
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Meerblaue Palmenlanzenotter
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Merendón-palmelanseslange
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2000 | |
Bothriechis thalassinus Campbell & Smith |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as populations of bicolor (McCranie 2011).
Distribution:
El Salvador,
Guatemala,
Honduras.
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