Reptiles of
Panama 

 

Bibliography of the reptiles of Panama Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Panama Introduced species
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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist
General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial.
Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:
Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Amphisbaenidae (Typical Worm Lizards)
Genus Amphisbaena (Neotropical Worm Lizards)
 
Amphisbaena fuliginosa
Spotted Worm Lizard
Auth 1994 Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2001 Koehler 2008 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ray, Castillo-H., Himes, Ruback & Knight 2015 [as varia] Roberto, Muniz Silva, Pinto & Avila 2021 Vanzolini 1951 Vanzolini 2002 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Amphisbaena spurrelli
Choco Worm Lizard
Auth 1994 Costa 2020 Gans 2005 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2001 Koehler 2008 Rivas-Fuenmayor, Molina, Ugueto, Barros, Barrio-Amoros & Kok 2012 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988

Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Alligatoridae (Alligators and Caimans)
Genus Caiman (Typical Caimans)
 
Caiman crocodilus
Common Caiman
Auth 1994 Busack & Pandya 2001 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Crocodylidae (Crocodiles)
Genus Crocodylus (Typical Crocodiles)
 
Crocodylus acutus
American Crocodile
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988

Lizards (Sauria)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Alopoglossidae (Fold-tongued Spectacled Tejus)
Genus Alopoglossus (Western Shade Tejus)
 
Alopoglossus harrisi
Darien Shade Teju
Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 [as Ptychoglossus festae] Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 [as Ptychoglossus festae] Harris 1994 [as Ptychoglossus festae] Hernandez-Morales, Sturaro, Nunes, Lotzkat & Peloso 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as Ptychoglossus festae] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as Ptychoglossus festae] Koehler 2000 [as Ptychoglossus festae] Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 [as Ptychoglossus festae]
 
Alopoglossus myersi
Pirre Mountains Shade Teju
Harris 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000
 
Alopoglossus plicatus
Costa Rican Shade Teju
Harris 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000
 Family Anguidae (Slowworms, etc.)
Genus Abronia (Arboreal Alligator Lizards)
 
Abronia monticola
Pico Blanco Alligator Lizard
Auth 1994 Good 1988 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Advenus (Darien Forest Lizard)
  *
Advenus montisilvestris
Darien Forest Lizard
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Myers 1973 Schools & Hedges 2021 Villa & Occhipinti 1988 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Diploglossus (Neotropical Forest Lizards)
 
Diploglossus monotropis
Yellow-headed Forest Lizard
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Schools & Hedges 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Gerrhonotus (Eastern Alligator Lizards)
 
Gerrhonotus rhombifer
Isthmian Alligator Lizard
Auth 1994 Good 1988 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Lamar, Barrio-Amoros, Dwyer, Abarca & Plecker 2015 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Mesoamericus (Talamancan Forest Lizard)
 
Mesoamericus bilobatus
Talamancan Forest Lizard
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Schools & Hedges 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Siderolamprus (Middle American Forest Lizards)
  *
Siderolamprus adercus
Panamanian Forest Lizard
Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Savage, Lips & Ibanez-D. 2008 Schools & Hedges 2021
  *
Siderolamprus laf
Chiriqui Forest Lizard
Lotzkat, Hertz & Koehler 2016 Schools & Hedges 2021
 Family Anolidae (Anoles)
Genus Dactyloa (Fringe-toed Anoles)
  *
Dactyloa brooksi
Mount Sapo Giant Anole
Barbour 1923 Batista, Vesely, Mebert, Lotzkat & Koehler 2015 [as insignis] Poe & Ryan 2017
  *
Dactyloa casildae
Panamanian Giant Anole
Arosemena, Ibanez & de Sousa 1991 Auth 1994 Batista, Vesely, Mebert, Lotzkat & Koehler 2015 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Lotzkat, Hertz, Bienentreu & Koehler 2013
 
Dactyloa chloris
Cauca Green Anole
Auth 1994 Batista, Vesely, Mebert, Lotzkat & Koehler 2015 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Morales, Miranda & Batista 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Dactyloa chocorum
Choco Green Anole
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Dactyloa frenata
Bridled Anole
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Batista, Vesely, Mebert, Lotzkat & Koehler 2015 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Lotzkat, Hertz, Bienentreu & Koehler 2013 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Dactyloa ginaelisae
Kankintu Anole
Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Vesely, Mebert, Lotzkat & Koehler 2015 Lotzkat, Hertz, Bienentreu & Koehler 2013
 
Dactyloa ibanezi
Cocle Anole
Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Vesely, Mebert, Lotzkat & Koehler 2015 Lotzkat, Hertz, Bienentreu & Koehler 2013 Poe, Latella, Ryan & Schaad 2009
  *
Dactyloa kathydayae
Las Cruces Giant Anole
Poe & Ryan 2017
  *
Dactyloa kunayalae
Kuna Yala Anole
Batista, Vesely, Mebert, Lotzkat & Koehler 2015 Hulebak, Poe, Ibanez & Williams 2007 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Lotzkat, Hertz, Bienentreu & Koehler 2013
 
Dactyloa latifrons
Popeyan Anole
Auth 1994 Batista, Vesely, Mebert, Lotzkat & Koehler 2015 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Dactyloa maia
Nurra Anole
Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Vesely, Mebert, Lotzkat & Koehler 2015
 
Dactyloa microtus
Costa Rican Tiny Anole
Auth 1994 Batista, Vesely, Mebert, Lotzkat & Koehler 2015 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Lotzkat, Hertz, Bienentreu & Koehler 2013 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Dactyloa purpurescens
Purple Anole
Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Vesely, Mebert, Lotzkat & Koehler 2015
Genus Norops (Brilliant Anoles)
 
Norops altae
Volcan Barba Anole
Auth 1994
  *
Norops apletophallus
Panama City Anole
Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler & Sunyer 2008
 
Norops aquaticus
Central American Water Anole
Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Norops auratus
Surinam Grass Anole
Auth 1994 Avila-Pires 1995 Batista, Hertz, Ponce & Lotzkat 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Norops benedikti
Bocas del Toro Anole
Lotzkat, Bienentreu, Hertz & Koehler 2011
 
Norops binotatus
Two-marked Anole
Koehler 2000
 
Norops biporcatus
Central American Giant Green Anole
Armstead, Ayala-Varela, Torres-Carvajal, Ryan & Poe 2017 Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Norops biscutiger
Golfito Anole
Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001
 
Norops capito
Big-headed Anole
Auth 1994 Batista, Hertz, Ponce & Lotzkat 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Norops carpenteri
Cartago Anole
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Myers 1971 [as Anolis procellaris] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Norops charlesmyersi
Chiriqui Anole
Koehler 2010 Nicholson & Koehler 2014
 
Norops cryptolimifrons
Cerro Brujo Anole
Batista, Hertz, Ponce & Lotzkat 2020 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler & Sunyer 2008
 
Norops datzorum
Tabasara Mountains Anole
Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler, Ponce, Sunyer & Batista 2007
  *
Norops elcopeensis
El Cope Anole
Poe, Scarpetta & Schaad 2015
  *
Norops fortunensis
La Fortuna Anole
Arosemena & Ibanez D. 1994 [as exsul] Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000
 
Norops fungosus
Cerro Pando Anole
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2010 Myers 1971 Nicholson & Koehler 2014 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Norops fuscoauratus
Lichen-coloured Anole
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Koehler 2000 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Norops gaigei
San Lorenzo Anole
Koehler, Batista, Vesely, Ponce, Carrizo & Lotzkat 2012
  *
Norops gruuo
Rio San Felix Anole
Flores & Pena 2017 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler, Ponce, Sunyer & Batista 2007 Lotzkat, Stadler, Batista, Hertz, Ponce, Hamad & Koehler 2012
 
Norops humilis
Central American Humble Anole
Auth 1994 Batista, Hertz, Ponce & Lotzkat 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Koehler, Alt, Grunfelder, Dehling & Sunyer 2006 Koehler, Poe, Ryan & Koehler 2015 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Norops intermedius
Intermediate Anole
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 [as laeviventris] McCranie, Koehler & Wilson 2000 [as laeviventris] Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970
 
Norops kemptoni
Finca Lerida Anole
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Hertz, Ponce & Lotzkat 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970
 
Norops lemurinus
Ghost Anole
Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 1999 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970
 
Norops limifrons
Slender Anole
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler & McCranie 2001 Koehler & Sunyer 2008 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Norops lionotus
Cucuyas Anole
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Norops magnaphallus
West Panamanian Anole
Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Lotzkat, Bienentreu, Hertz & Koehler 2011 Poe & Ibanez 2007
 
Norops oxylophus
Central American Stream Anole
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001
 
Norops pachypus
Thick Anole
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Lotzkat, Bienentreu, Hertz & Koehler 2011 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970
 
Norops pentaprion
Common Lichen Anole
Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2010 Nicholson & Koehler 2014
 
Norops poecilopus
Dappled Anole
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000
 
Norops polylepis
Many-scaled Anole
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Koehler, Batista, Vesely, Ponce, Carrizo & Lotzkat 2012 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970
  *
Norops pseudokemptoni
La Nevera Banded Anole
Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler, Ponce, Sunyer & Batista 2007 Lotzkat, Batista, Ponce & Hertz 2014
  *
Norops pseudopachypus
La Nevera Thick Anole
Batista, Hertz, Ponce & Lotzkat 2020 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler, Ponce, Sunyer & Batista 2007 Lotzkat, Bienentreu, Hertz & Koehler 2011
 
Norops salvini
Squeaking Anole
Bienentreu, Hertz, Koehler & Lotzkat 2013 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as vociferans] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as vociferans] Koehler 2010 Nicholson & Koehler 2014
 
Norops sulcifrons
Grooved Anole
Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Norops triumphalis
Victory Anole
Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Nicholson & Koehler 2014
 
Norops tropidogaster
New Granada Anole
Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler, Batista, Vesely, Ponce, Carrizo & Lotzkat 2012
 
Norops vittigerus
Garland Anole
Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 1999 Koehler 2000 Mullin 2020
 
Norops woodi
Panamanian Volcano Anole
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Corytophanidae (Basilisks)
Genus Basiliscus (Typical Basilisks)
 
Basiliscus basiliscus
Common Basilisk
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Basiliscus galeritus
Western Basilisk
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970
 
Basiliscus plumifrons
Plumed Basilisk
Auth 1994 Batista, Hertz, Ponce & Lotzkat 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970
 
Basiliscus vittatus
Banded Basilisk
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000
Genus Corytophanes (Helmeted Basilisks)
 
Corytophanes cristatus
Smooth-headed Helmeted Basilisk
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Eublepharidae (Eyelid Geckos)
Genus Coleonyx (Banded Eyelid Geckos)
 
Coleonyx mitratus
Central American Banded Gecko
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Seufer, Kaverkin & Kirschner (eds.) 2005
 Family Gymnophthalmidae (Scaly-tongued Spectacled Tejus)
Genus Anadia (Smooth-scaled Spectacled Tejus)
 
Anadia ocellata
Ocellated Smooth-scaled Teju
Auth 1994 Flores, Vasquez, Gonzalez, Rodriguez & Cruz 2014 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Oftedal 1974
 
Anadia vittata
Choco Smooth-scaled Teju
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Oftedal 1974
Genus Bachia (Earless Tejus)
 
Bachia blairi
Chiriqui Earless Teju
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Hertz, Ponce & Lotzkat 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 McDiarmid & DeWeese 1977 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Bachia pallidiceps
Rio Truando Earless Teju
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 McDiarmid & DeWeese 1977 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Centrosaura (Costa Rican Rough Teju)
 
Centrosaura apodema
Costa Rican Rough Teju
Lotzkat, Batista, Vargas, Hertz & Koehler 2012 Vasquez-Restrepo, Ibanez, Sanchez-Pacheco & Daza 2020
Genus Echinosaura (Southern Rough Tejus)
 
Echinosaura palmeri
Colombian Rough Teju
Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Fritts, Almendariz & Samec 2002 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Vasquez-Restrepo, Ibanez, Sanchez-Pacheco & Daza 2020
  *
Echinosaura panamensis
Panamanian Rough Teju
Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Fritts, Almendariz & Samec 2002 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Vasquez-Restrepo, Ibanez, Sanchez-Pacheco & Daza 2020 Yanez-Munoz, Torres-Carvajal, Reyes-Puig, Urgiles-Merchan & Koch 2021
Genus Gymnophthalmus (Snake-eyed Tejus)
 
Gymnophthalmus speciosus
Golden Snake-eyed Teju
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000
Genus Loxopholis (Western Root Tejus)
 
Loxopholis rugiceps
Rio Magdalena Root Teju
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Lotzkat, Hertz, Leon & Kohler 2012 Mora, Espinal, Chaves & Lopez 2019 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Loxopholis southi
Northern Root Teju
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Brunes, Silva, Marques-Souza, Rodrigues & Pellegrino 2019 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Uzzell & Barry 1971 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Pholidobolus (Flat-headed Mountain Tejus)
 
Pholidobolus vertebralis
Brown Mountain Teju
Auth 1994 Doan & Lamar 2012 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Uzzell 1973 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Hoplocercidae (Club-tailed Iguanas)
Genus Enyalioides (Wood Lizards)
 
Enyalioides heterolepis
Spiny Wood Lizard
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Torres-Carvajal, Etheridge & Queiroz 2011 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Morunasaurus (Manticores)
 
Morunasaurus groi
Northern Manticore
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Torres-Carvajal, Etheridge & Queiroz 2011 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Iguanidae (Greater Iguanas)
Genus Ctenosaura (Northern Spiny-tailed Iguanas)
 
Ctenosaura similis
Central American Black Iguana
Auth 1994 Etheridge in Burghardt & Rand 1982 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Koehler 2002 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Iguana (Green Iguanas)
 
Iguana iguana
South American Green Iguana
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Phrynosomatidae (North American Lesser Iguanas)
Genus Sceloporus (Northern Spiny Lizards)
 
Sceloporus malachiticus
Malachite Spiny Lizard
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Phyllodactylidae (Leaf-toed Geckos)
Genus Thecadactylus (Turnip-tailed Geckos)
 
Thecadactylus rapicauda
Northern Turnip-tailed Gecko
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler & Vesely 2011 Koehler 2000 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Polychrotidae (Monkey Lizards)
Genus Polychrus (Monkey Lizards)
 
Polychrus gutturosus
Central American Monkey Lizard
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Torres-Carvajal, Koch, Venegas & Poe 2017 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Polychrus marmoratus
Marbled Monkey Lizard
Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 Family Scincidae (Skinks)
Genus Marisora (Middle American Skinks)
 
Marisora alliacea
Costa Rican Four-lined Skink
McCranie, Matthews & Hedges 2020
 
Marisora unimarginata
Middle American Long-limbed Skink
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Burger 1952 [as mabouya] Hedges & Conn 2012 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 McCranie, Matthews & Hedges 2020 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Scincella (South Asian and American Ground Skinks)
 
Scincella cherriei
Central American Brown Forest Skink
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000
  *
Scincella rara
Panamanian Ground Skink
Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Myers & Donnelly 1991
 Family Sphaerodactylidae (Least Geckos, etc.)
Genus Gonatodes (American Padless Geckos)
 
Gonatodes albogularis
Yellow-headed Gecko
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2013 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Gonatodes annularis
Ringed Padless Gecko
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Lepidoblepharis (Scaly-eyed Geckos)
  *
Lepidoblepharis emberawoundule
Burbayar Scaly-eyed Gecko
Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Ponce, Vesely, Mebert, Hertz, Koehler, Carrizo & Lotzkat 2015
  *
Lepidoblepharis rufigularis
Red-throated Scaly-eyed Gecko
Batista, Ponce, Vesely, Mebert, Hertz, Koehler, Carrizo & Lotzkat 2015
 
Lepidoblepharis sanctaemartae
Santa Marta Scaly-eyed Gecko
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Batista, Ponce, Vesely, Mebert, Hertz, Koehler, Carrizo & Lotzkat 2015 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Lepidoblepharis victormartinezi
Colon Scaly-eyed Gecko
Batista, Ponce, Vesely, Mebert, Hertz, Koehler, Carrizo & Lotzkat 2015
 
Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma
Costa Rica Scaly-eyed Gecko
Auth 1994 Batista, Ponce, Vesely, Mebert, Hertz, Koehler, Carrizo & Lotzkat 2015 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Sphaerodactylus (Least Geckos)
 
Sphaerodactylus graptolaemus
Costa Rica Least Gecko
Auth 1994 Harris & Kluge 1984 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010
 
Sphaerodactylus homolepis
Yellow-tailed Dwarf Gecko
Auth 1994 Harris & Kluge 1984 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000
 
Sphaerodactylus lineolatus
Panama Least Gecko
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Harris & Kluge 1984 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000
 Family Teiidae (Greater Tejus)
Genus Ameiva (South American Ameivas)
 
Ameiva praesignis
Borriguerro Ameiva
Auth 1994 [as A. ameiva] Avila-Pires 1995 [as A. ameiva] Echternacht 1971 [as A. ameiva] Harvey, Ugueto & Gutberlet 2012 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as A. ameiva] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as A. ameiva] Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ugueto & Harvey 2011 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as A. ameiva]
Genus Cnemidophorus (Southern Whiptails)
  *
Cnemidophorus duellmani
Panamanian Rainbow Whiptail
Auth 1994 [as lemniscatus] Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as lemniscatus] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as lemniscatus] Koehler 2000 [as lemniscatus] McCranie & Hedges 2013 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as lemniscatus] Walker, Montgomery & Shandersky 2019
 
Cnemidophorus ruatanus
Northern Rainbow Whiptail
Walker, Montgomery & Shandersky 2019
Genus Holcosus (Northwestern Ameivas)
 
Holcosus festivus
Central American Ameiva
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Echternacht 1971 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Holcosus leptophrys
Delicate Ameiva
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Echternacht 1971 Flores, Bravo & Rios 2014 Harvey, Ugueto & Gutberlet 2012 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Holcosus quadrilineatus
Four-lined Ameiva
Auth 1994 Echternacht 1971 Flores, Gracia, Rodriguez & Pinilla 2016 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970
 Family Xantusiidae (Night Lizards)
Genus Lepidophyma (Tropical Night Lizards)
 
Lepidophyma flavimaculatum
Yellow-spotted Night Lizard
Auth 1994 Bezy & Camarillo-Rangel 2002 Grunwald, Reyes-Velasco, Ahumada-Carrillo, Montano-Ruvalcaba, Franz-Chavez, Forest, Ramirez-Chaparro, Teran-Juarez & Borja-Jimenez 2023 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as "cf. flavimaculatum"] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler 2000 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Lepidophyma reticulatum
Reticulated Tropical Night Lizard
Batista, Hertz, Ponce & Lotzkat 2020

Snakes (Serpentes)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Anomalepididae (Neotropical Blind Snakes)
Genus Anomalepis (Odd-scaled Blind Snakes)
 
Anomalepis mexicana
Lower Central American Blind Snake
Auth 1994 Gonzalez-Carvajal, Medina-Rangel & Rojas-Murcia 2018 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Kofron 1988 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014
Genus Helminthophis (Northwestern Blind Snakes)
 
Helminthophis frontalis
Pink-headed Blind Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Liotyphlops (Smooth Blind Snakes)
 
Liotyphlops albirostris
White-nosed Blind Snake
Auth 1994 Dixon & Kofron 1984 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Linares-Vargas, Bolivar-Garcia, Herrera-Martinez, Osorio-Dominguez, Ospina, Thomas & Daza 2021 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Boidae (Typical Boas)
Genus Boa (Red-tailed Boas)
 
Boa constrictor
South American Red-tailed Boa
Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stimson 1969
 
Boa imperator
Central American Red-tailed Boa
Auth 1994 [as B. constrictor] Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as B. constrictor] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as B. constrictor] Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as B. constrictor]
Genus Corallus (Tree Boas)
 
Corallus annulatus
Annulated Tree Boa
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Corallus ruschenbergerii
Mangrove Tree Boa
Henderson 1997 Henderson 2002 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Ray & Ruback 2015
Genus Epicrates (Rainbow Boas)
 
Epicrates maurus
Northern Rainbow Boa
Auth 1994 [as cenchria] Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as cenchria] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Stimson 1969 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as cenchria]
Genus Ungaliophis (Central American Dwarf Boas)
 
Ungaliophis panamensis
Panamanian Dwarf Boa
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids)
Genus Amastridium (Rusty-headed Snakes)
 
Amastridium veliferum
Southern Rusty-headed Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Wilson & Meyer 1969
Genus Atractus (Spindle Snakes)
 
Atractus clarki
Santa Cruz de Cana Spindle Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler & Kieckbusch 2014 Passos, Mueses-Cisneros, Lynch & Fernandes 2009 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Atractus crassicaudatus
Rough-tailed Spindle Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Atractus darienensis
Darien Spindle Snake
Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 2003
  *
Atractus depressiocellus
Small-eyed Spindle Snake
Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 2003 Ray & Ruback 2015
  *
Atractus hostilitractus
Morti River Spindle Snake
Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 2003
  *
Atractus imperfectus
Piedras-Pacora Spindle Snake
Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler & Kieckbusch 2014 Myers 2003 Ray & Ruback 2015
Genus Chironius (Sipos)
 
Chironius exoletus
Green Sipo
Auth 1994 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Chironius flavopictus
Yellow-spotted Sipo
Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Saenger & Ray 2016
 
Chironius grandisquamis
Large-scaled Sipo
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Clelia (Northern Snake Eaters)
 
Clelia clelia
Common Snake Eater
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Zaher 1996
 
Clelia equatoriana
Equatorial Snake Eater
Auth 1994 Chavez-Arribasplata, Vasquez, Torres, Echevarria & Venegas 2016 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Zaher 1996
Genus Coniophanes (Black-striped Snakes)
 
Coniophanes bipunctatus
Two-spotted Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Coniophanes fissidens
Central American Yellow-bellied Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Coniophanes joanae
Panamanian Black-striped Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Dendrophidion (Forest Racers)
 
Dendrophidion apharocybe
Central American Barred Forest Racer
Auth 1994 [as vinitor] Cadle 2012 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as vinitor] Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 [as vinitor] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as vinitor] Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as vinitor]
 
Dendrophidion clarkii
Panamanian Black-naped Forest Racer
Auth 1994 [as nuchale] Cadle & Savage 2012 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as nuchalis] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as nuchale] McCranie 2011 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 [as D. nuchale] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as nuchalis]
 
Dendrophidion paucicarinatum
Talamanca Forest Racer
Auth 1994 Cadle & Savage 2014 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Dendrophidion percarinatum
South American Forest Racer
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Cadle 2012 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Dendrophidion vinitor
Northern Barred Forest Racer
Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010
Genus Diaphorolepis (Frog Eaters)
 
Diaphorolepis wagneri
Ecuadorian Frog Eater
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters)
  *
Dipsas aparatiritos
Hidden Snail Eater
Ray, Sanchez-Martinez, Batista, Mulcahy, Sheehy, Smith, Pyron & Arteaga 2023
 
Dipsas articulata
Veraguas Snail Eater
Auth 1994 Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Lotzkat, Hertz & Koehler 2012 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Ray & Ruback 2015 Vecchiet, Ray, Knight & Wedow 2014 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Dipsas nicholsi
Panamanian Snail Eater
Auth 1994 [as variegata] Cadle & Myers 2003 Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as variegata] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as variegata]
 
Dipsas temporalis
Esmeraldes Snail Eater
Auth 1994 Cadle 2005 Flores, Cruz, Pena, Cisneros & Ortega 2015 Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Lotzkat, Hertz & Koehler 2012 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Dipsas tenuissima
Slender Snail Eater
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Dipsas viguieri
Darien Snail Eater
Auth 1994 Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Drymarchon (Indigo Snakes and Cribos)
 
Drymarchon melanurus
Black-tailed Cribo
Auth 1994 [as corais] Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as corais] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as corais]
Genus Drymobius (Central American Racers)
 
Drymobius margaritiferus
Speckled Racer
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Drymobius rhombifer
Diamondback Racer
Auth 1994 Chippaux 1987 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Enuliophis (White-headed Snake)
 
Enuliophis sclateri
White-headed Snake
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Enulius (Middle American Long-tailed Snakes)
 
Enulius flavitorques
Pacific Long-tailed Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Erythrolamprus (Neotropical Smooth Snakes)
 
Erythrolamprus bizonus
Double-banded Mock Coral Snake
Auth 1994 Curcio, Scali & Rodrigues 2015 Herrera & Ray 2016 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Erythrolamprus epinephelus
Fire-bellied Smooth Snake
Auth 1994 Dixon 1983 Dixon 1989 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Erythrolamprus mimus
Mimic Mock Coral Snake
Auth 1994 Curcio, Scali & Rodrigues 2015 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Geophis (Central American Earth Snakes)
  *
Geophis bellus
Altos de Pacora Earth Snake
Elizondo Lara, Sosa-Bartuano, Ruback & Ray 2015 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 2003 Ray & Ruback 2015 Savage & Watling 2008 Wilson & Townsend 2007
 
Geophis brachycephalus
Short-headed Earth Snake
Auth 1994 Downs 1967 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 2003 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Savage & Watling 2008 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wilson & Townsend 2007
  *
Geophis championi
Panamanian Earth Snake
Auth 1994 Downs 1967 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wilson & Townsend 2007
 
Geophis godmani
Irazu Earth Snake
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Hertz, Ponce & Lotzkat 2020 Downs 1967 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Savage & Watling 2008 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wilson & Townsend 2007
 
Geophis hoffmanni
Costa Rican Earth Snake
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Downs 1967 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Savage & Watling 2008 Townsend 2006 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wilson & Townsend 2007
 
Geophis talamancae
Talamanca Earth Snake
Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Savage & Watling 2008
  *
Geophis tectus
La Loma Earth Snake
Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Ray & Ruback 2015 Savage & Watling 2008
Genus Hydromorphus (Central American Water Snakes)
 
Hydromorphus concolor
Common Central American Water Snake
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Hydromorphus dunni
Panamanian Water Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Genus Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes)
 
Imantodes cenchoa
Common Blunt-headed Tree Snake
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Chippaux 1987 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 1982 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Imantodes gemmistratus
Central American Blunt-headed Tree Snake
Auth 1994 Banuelos-Alamillo, Trujillo-de la Torre, Quintero-Diaz & Carbajal-Marquez 2017 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 1982 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Imantodes inornatus
Yellow Blunt-headed Tree Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 1982 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Imantodes phantasma
Panamanian Blunt-headed Tree Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Medina-Rangel, Cardenas-Arevalo & Renteria-M. 2018 Myers 1982 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Lampropeltis (King Snakes and Milk Snakes)
 
Lampropeltis micropholis
Southern Milk Snake
Auth 1994 [as triangulum] Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as triangulum] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as triangulum] Markel 1990 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Ruane 2015 Ruane, Bryson, Pyron & Burbrink 2014 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as triangulum]
Genus Leptodeira (Typical Cat-eyed Snakes)
 
Leptodeira ornata
Panamanian Small-spotted Cat-eyed Snake
Auth 1994 [as septentrionalis] Barrio-Amoros 2019 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Duellman 1958 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as septentrionalis] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as septentrionalis] Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 [as septentrionalis] Torres-Carvajal, Sanchez-Nivicela, Posse, Celi & Koch 2020 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as septentrionalis]
 
Leptodeira rhombifera
Central American Banded Cat-eyed Snake
Auth 1994 [as annulata] Barrio-Amoros 2019 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Duellman 1958 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as annulata] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as annulata] McCranie 2011 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as annulata]
 
Leptodeira rubricata
Costa Rican Cat-eyed Snake
Barrio-Amoros 2019 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010
Genus Leptophis (Neotropical Parrot Snakes)
 
Leptophis cupreus
Copper Parrot Snake
Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista & Wilson 2017
 
Leptophis depressirostris
Satiny Parrot Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Oliver 1948 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Torres-Carvajal & Teran 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Leptophis nebulosus
Striped Parrot Snake
Jaramillo & Ibanez 2003 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Ray & Ruback 2015
 
Leptophis occidentalis
Guayaquil Parrot Snake
Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa & Avila 2022 Auth 1994 [as L. ahaetulla] Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as L. ahaetulla] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as L. ahaetulla] Murphy, Charles, Lehtinen & Koeller 2013 Oliver 1948 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 [as L. ahaetulla] Torres-Carvajal & Teran 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as L. ahaetulla]
 
Leptophis riveti
Oblique Parrot Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Oliver 1948 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Lygophis (South American Striped Ground Snakes)
 
Lygophis lineatus
Western Striped Ground Snake
Auth 1994 Chippaux 1987 Dixon 1989 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Michaud & Dixon 1987 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Masticophis (North American Whip Snakes and Coachwhips)
 
Masticophis mentovarius
Neotropical Whip Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Johnson 1977 Knight, Ruback, Wedow & Ray 2016 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Mastigodryas (Neotropical Lizard Eaters)
 
Mastigodryas alternatus
Central American Lizard Eater
Auth 1994 [as melanolomus] Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as melanolomus] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as melanolomus] McCranie 2011 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as melanolomus]
 
Mastigodryas pleei
Many-lined Lizard Eater
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Hertz, Ponce & Lotzkat 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Montingelli & Zaher 2011 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Ninia (Coffee Snakes)
 
Ninia atrata
Red-naped Coffee Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Savage 2002
 
Ninia celata
Pale-collared Coffee Snake
Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 McCranie & Wilson 1995
 
Ninia maculata
Spotted Coffee Snake
Angarita-Sierra 2014 Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Ninia psephota
Checkered Coffee Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Ninia sebae
Red-backed Coffee Snake
Geiger, Geiger & Ray 2014 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Nothopsis (Rugose Litter Snake)
 
Nothopsis rugosus
Rugose Litter Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Oxybelis (Neotropical Vine Snakes)
 
Oxybelis brevirostris
Short-nosed Vine Snake
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Oxybelis fulgidus
Green Vine Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Oxybelis vittatus
Striped Vine Snake
Auth 1994 [as aeneus] Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as aeneus] Jadin, Blair, Orlofske, Jowers, Rivas, Vitt, Ray, Smith & Murphy 2020 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as aeneus] Keiser 1974 [as aeneus] Keiser 1982 [as aeneus] Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 [as aeneus] Ray & Ruback 2015 [as aeneus] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as aeneus]
Genus Oxyrhopus (Calico Snakes)
 
Oxyrhopus petolarius
Banded Calico Snake
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Phimophis (South American Shovel-nosed Snakes)
 
Phimophis guianensis
Northern Tropical Shovel-nosed Snake
Auth 1994 Chippaux 1987 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Phrynonax (Neotropical Bird Snakes)
 
Phrynonax sexcarinatus
Southern Bird Snake
Auth 1994 [as poecilonotus] Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 [as P. poecilonotus] Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as poecilonotus] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as poecilonotus] Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 [as polylepis] Ray & Ruback 2015 [as poecilonotus]
Genus Pliocercus (Big-scaled False Coral Snakes)
 
Pliocercus euryzonus
Southern False Coral Snake
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Smith & Chiszar 2001 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Pseudoboa (Neotropical Scarlet Snakes)
 
Pseudoboa neuwiedii
Northern Scarlet Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Rhadinaea (Graceful Brown Snakes)
 
Rhadinaea calligaster
Thick Graceful Brown Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 1974 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Rhadinaea decorata
Adorned Graceful Brown Snake
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 1974 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Rhadinaea pulveriventris
Black-naped Graceful Brown Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 1974 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Rhadinaea sargenti
Panamanian Graceful Brown Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 1974 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Rhadinaea vermiculaticeps
Vermiculate Graceful Brown Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 1974 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Rhadinella (Dwarf Brown Snakes)
 
Rhadinella godmani
Central American Dwarf Brown Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 1974 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Rhinobothryum (Ringed Snakes)
 
Rhinobothryum bovallii
False Tree Coral Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Meza-Joya, Rojas-Morales & Ramo 2020 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Scaphiodontophis (Neck-banded Snakes)
 
Scaphiodontophis venustissimus
Southern Neck-banded Snake
Auth 1994 [as annulatus] Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as annulatus] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 McCranie 2011 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 [as zeteki] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as zeteki] Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Sibon (Neotropical Snail Eaters)
 
Sibon annulatus
Ringed Snail Eater
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler, Lotzkat & Hertz 2010 Lotzkat, Hertz & Koehler 2012 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Ray & Ruback 2015 Savage & McDiarmid 1992 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Sibon anthracops
White-naped Snail Eater
Dwyer 2015
 
Sibon argus
Argus Snail Eater
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Lotzkat, Hertz & Koehler 2012 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Savage & McDiarmid 1992
  *
Sibon canopy
Cocle Snail Eater
Arteaga & Batista 2023
 
Sibon irmelindicaprioae
Darien Snail Eater
Arteaga & Batista 2023
 
Sibon lamari
Costa Rican Snail Eater
Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Jaramillo A., Ibanez D., Jaramillo A. & Solis 2008 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Lotzkat, Hertz & Koehler 2012
 
Sibon leucomelas
Buenaventura Snail Eater
Arteaga & Batista 2023 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters 1960
 
Sibon longifrenis
Drab Snail Eater
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Lotzkat, Hertz & Koehler 2012 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Ray & Ruback 2015 Savage & McDiarmid 1992 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Sibon nebulatus
Cloudy Snail Eater
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Harvey 2008 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Koehler, Lotzkat & Hertz 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters 1960 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Sibon noalamina
West Panamanian Snail Eater
Lotzkat, Hertz & Koehler 2012
  *
Sibon perissostichon
Fine-scaled Snail Eater
Koehler, Lotzkat & Hertz 2010 Lotzkat, Hertz & Koehler 2012
Genus Siphlophis (Liana Snakes)
 
Siphlophis cervinus
Common Liana Snake
Auth 1994 Crumb, Duley, Ruback & Ray 2015 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Siphlophis compressus
Red-headed Liana Snake
Auth 1994 Guedes, Nunes, Prudente & Marques 2011 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Spilotes (Chicken Snakes)
 
Spilotes pullatus
Chicken Snake
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Stenorrhina (Scorpion Eaters)
 
Stenorrhina degenhardtii
South American Scorpion Eater
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes)
  *
Tantilla albiceps
Panamanian Centipede Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015 Wilson 1985
 
Tantilla alticola
Santa Rita Centipede Snake
Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers, Ruane, Knight, Knight & Ray 2013 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Solis, Ibanez & Jaramillo 1996 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015
 
Tantilla armillata
Black-necked Centipede Snake
Ray & Ruback 2015
  *
Tantilla berguidoi
Chucanti Centipede Snake
Batista, Mebert, Lotzkat & Wilson 2016 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020
 
Tantilla reticulata
Reticulated Centipede Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015 Wilson & Meyer 1971 Wilson 1985 Wilson 1987
 
Tantilla ruficeps
Orange-bellied Centipede Snake
Auth 1994 [as melanocephala] Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as melanocephala] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as melanocephala] Koehler 2008 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 [as T. melanocephala] Ray & Ruback 2015 Savage 2002 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as melanocephala] Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015 [as melanocephala]
 
Tantilla schistosa
Red Earth Centipede Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015
 
Tantilla supracincta
Northern Banded Centipede Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015 Wilson 1985 [as annulata] Wilson 1987
Genus Tretanorhinus (Neotropical Swamp Snakes)
 
Tretanorhinus mocquardi
Panama Swamp Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Tretanorhinus nigroluteus
Orange-bellied Swamp Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Trimetopon (Central American Dwarf Snakes)
 
Trimetopon barbouri
Panamanian Dwarf Snake
Auth 1994 Derry, Ruback & Ray 2015 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Ray, DeCero, Ruback, Wedow & Knight 2013 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Trimetopon pliolepis
Faded Dwarf Snake
Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Nunez Escalante, Acuna Obando, Salgera Garcia, Sandi Amador & Gloor 2021
 
Trimetopon slevini
Chiriqui Dwarf Snake
Auth 1994 Herse & Ray 2014 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Urotheca (Glass-tailed Snakes)
 
Urotheca decipiens
Collared Glass-tailed Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 1974 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Urotheca fulviceps
Tawny-headed Glass-tailed Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Knight 1988 Myers 1974 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Ray & Santana 2014 Sosa-Bartuano 2017 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Urotheca guentheri
Orange-bellied Glass-tailed Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 1974 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Urotheca pachyura
Thick-tailed Glass-tailed Snake
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Myers 1974 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads and South American Hognose Snakes)
 
Xenodon angustirostris
Central American Mock Lancehead
Auth 1994 [as rabdocephalus] Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as rabdocephalus] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as rabdocephalus] Myers & McDowell 2014 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 [as rabdocephalus] Ray & Ruback 2015 [as rabdocephalus] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as rabdocephalus]
 Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.)
Genus Micrurus (American Coral Snakes)
 
Micrurus alleni
Arrow-headed Coral Snake
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Roze 1996 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Micrurus ancoralis
Regal Coral Snake
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Roze 1996
 
Micrurus clarki
Yavisa Coral Snake
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Roze 1996 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Micrurus dissoleucus
Pygmy Coral Snake
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Roze 1996 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Micrurus dumerilii
Capuchin Coral Snake
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Prairie, Chandler, Ruback & Ray 2015 Roze 1996
 
Micrurus mipartitus
Red-tailed Coral Snake
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Roze 1996 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Micrurus mosquitensis
Misquito Coral Snake
Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Roze 1996
 
Micrurus multifasciatus
Many-banded Coral Snake
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Roze 1996
 
Micrurus nigrocinctus
Central American Coral Snake
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Roze 1996 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
  *
Micrurus stewarti
Panamanian Coral Snake
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Roze 1996 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Elapidae [part 2: marine species] (Sea Snakes)
Genus Hydrophis (Typical Sea Snakes)
 
Hydrophis platurus
Yellow-bellied Sea Snake
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Ineich 1988 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Kropach 1971 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Smith 1926 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes)
Genus Epictia (Neotropical Thread Snakes)
  *
Epictia pauldwyeri
Curundu Thread Snake
Auth 1994 [as goudotii] Hahn 1980 [as g. goudotii] Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as goudotii] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as goudotii] McCranie & Hedges 2016 [as goudotii] Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 [as g. goudotii] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as g. goudotii] Ray & Ruback 2015 [as goudotii] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as goudotii] Wallach 2016
Genus Trilepida (Three-scaled Thread Snakes)
 
Trilepida macrolepis
Large-scaled Thread Snake
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Tropidophiidae (Dwarf Boas)
Genus Trachyboa (Rough-scaled Dwarf Boas)
 
Trachyboa boulengeri
Northern Rough-scaled Dwarf Boa
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Viperidae (Vipers)
Genus Atropoides (Costa Rican Jumping Pitviper)
 
Atropoides picadoi
Costa Rican Jumping Pitviper
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Bothriechis (Palm Pitvipers)
 
Bothriechis lateralis
Side-striped Palm Pitviper
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Bothriechis nigroviridis
Black-speckled Palm Pitviper
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Bothriechis schlegelii
Eyelash Palm Pitviper
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Bothriechis supraciliaris
Blotched Palm Pitviper
Batista, Hertz, Ponce & Lotzkat 2020 Dejesus 2007 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010
Genus Bothrops (American Lanceheads)
 
Bothrops asper
Central American Lancehead
Auth 1994 Barrio-Amoros, Quiroz, Porras-Ramirez, Villanueva-Maldonado, Estrada-Garcia & Batista 2023 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Bothrops punctatus
Chocoan Lancehead
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Cerrophidion (Central American Montane Pitvipers)
 
Cerrophidion sasai
Costa Rican Montane Pitviper
Auth 1994 [as godmani] Campbell & Lamar 2004 [as godmani] Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as godmani] Jadin, Townsend, Castoe & Campbell 2012 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 [as godmani] Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 [as godmani] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as godmani]
Genus Lachesis (Bushmasters)
 
Lachesis acrochorda
Chocoan Bushmaster
Barrio-Amoros, Corrales, Rodriguez, Culebras, Dwyer & Flores 2020 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Fuentes & Corrales 2016 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 [as L. m. muta]
 
Lachesis melanocephala
Black-headed Bushmaster
Barrio-Amoros, Corrales, Rodriguez, Culebras, Dwyer & Flores 2020 Dwyer & Perez 2009 Gonzalez-Maya, Castaneda, Gonzalez, Pacheco & Ceballos 2014 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010
 
Lachesis stenophrys
Central American Bushmaster
Barrio-Amoros, Corrales, Rodriguez, Culebras, Dwyer & Flores 2020 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015
Genus Metlapilcoatlus (Northern Jumping Pitvipers)
 
Metlapilcoatlus mexicanus
Central American Jumping Pitviper
Auth 1994 [as nummifer] Campbell & Lamar 2004 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 [as nummifer] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 [as nummifer] Ray 2011 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as nummifer]
Genus Porthidium (Hognosed Pitvipers)
 
Porthidium lansbergi
Colombian Hognosed Pitviper
Auth 1994 Batista, Mebert, Miranda, Garces, Fuentes & Ponce 2020 Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Porthidium nasutum
Rainforest Hognosed Pitviper
Auth 1994 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Perez-Santos, Moreno & Gearhart 1993 Ray & Ruback 2015 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Porthidium volcanicum
Ujarran Hognosed Pitviper
Dwyer & Burg 2012

Turtles (Testudines)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles)
Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)
 
Caretta caretta
Loggerhead Sea Turtle
Auth 1994 Cornelius in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Pritchard 1979 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)
 
Chelonia mydas
Green Sea Turtle
Auth 1994 Cornelius in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)
 
Eretmochelys imbricata
Hawksbill Sea Turtle
Auth 1994 Cornelius in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Pritchard 1979 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles)
 
Lepidochelys olivacea
Olive Ridley Sea Turtle
Cornelius in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Pritchard 1979 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Chelydridae (American Snapping Turtles)
Genus Chelydra (American Snapping Turtles)
 
Chelydra acutirostris
South American Snapping Turtle
Auth 1994 [as serpentina] Bonin, Devaux & Dupre 2006 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as serpentina]
 Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
 
Dermochelys coriacea
Leatherback Sea Turtle
Auth 1994 Cornelius in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Pritchard 1979 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Emydidae (Western Pond Turtles)
Genus Trachemys (Slider Turtles)
 
Trachemys grayi
Western Central American Slider
McCord, Joseph-Ouni, Hagen & Blanck 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 
Trachemys venusta
Eastern Central American Slider
Auth 1994 [as scripta] Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Geoemydidae (Eastern Pond Turtles)
Genus Rhinoclemmys (Neotropical Wood Turtles)
 
Rhinoclemmys annulata
Brown Wood Turtle
Auth 1994 Fritz & Havas 2006 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Rhinoclemmys funerea
Black Wood Turtle
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Iverson 1992 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Rhinoclemmys melanosterna
Colombian Wood Turtle
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Iverson 1992 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wermuth & Mertens 1977
 Family Kinosternidae (American Mud and Musk Turtles)
Genus Kinosternon (American Mud Turtles)
 
Kinosternon albogulare
White-throated Mud Turtle
Berry & Iverson 2011 Forero-Medina & Castano-Mora 2011 Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 McCranie 2018 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 
Kinosternon angustipons
Narrow-bridged Mud Turtle
Auth 1994 Fritz & Havas 2006 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Iverson 1992 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Kinosternon leucostomum
White-lipped Mud Turtle
Auth 1994 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wermuth & Mertens 1977
 
Kinosternon scorpioides
Scorpion Mud Turtle
Berry & Iverson 2011 Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Wermuth & Mertens 1977
 Family Testudinidae (Tortoises)
Genus Chelonoidis (South American Tortoises)
 
Chelonoidis carbonarius
South American Red-footed Tortoise
Auth 1994 Fritz & Havas 2006 Ibanez, Solis, Jaramillo & Rand 2001 Iverson 1992 Jaramillo, Wilson, Ibanez & Jaramillo 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988