Reptiles of the Costa Rica  Related checklists:  Isla del Coco Bibliography of the reptiles of Costa Rica Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Costa Rica Introduced species

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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial. Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:

	Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Alligatoridae (Alligators and Caimans) Genus Caiman (Typical Caimans)   Caiman crocodilus Common Caiman Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Busack & Pandya 2001 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Crocodylidae (Crocodiles) Genus Crocodylus (Typical Crocodiles)   Crocodylus acutus American Crocodile Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002

	Lizards (Sauria)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Alopoglossidae (Fold-tongued Spectacled Tejus) Genus Alopoglossus (Western Shade Tejus)   Alopoglossus plicatus Costa Rican Shade Teju Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Anguidae (Slowworms, etc.) Genus Abronia (Arboreal Alligator Lizards)   Abronia monticola Pico Blanco Alligator Lizard Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Gutierrez-Rodriguez, Zaldivar-Riveron, Solano-Zavaleta, Campbell, Meza-Lazaro, Flores-Villela & Nieto-Montes de Oca 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Diploglossus (Neotropical Forest Lizards)   Diploglossus monotropis Yellow-headed Forest Lizard Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Schools & Hedges 2021 Genus Gerrhonotus (Eastern Alligator Lizards)   Gerrhonotus rhombifer Isthmian Alligator Lizard Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Dwyer & Plecker 2013 Lamar, Barrio-Amoros, Dwyer, Abarca & Plecker 2015 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Mesoamericus (Talamancan Forest Lizard)   Mesoamericus bilobatus Talamancan Forest Lizard Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Schools & Hedges 2021 Genus Siderolamprus (Middle American Forest Lizards)   * Siderolamprus cyanochloris Irazu Forest Lizard Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Schools & Hedges 2021   * Siderolamprus hylaius Costa Rican Forest Lizard Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Schools & Hedges 2021   * Siderolamprus orobius Hortensia Forest Lizard Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Schools & Hedges 2021  Family Anolidae (Anoles) Genus Dactyloa (Fringe-toed Anoles)   Dactyloa frenata Bridled Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Lotzkat, Hertz, Bienentreu & Koehler 2013 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Dactyloa ibanezi Cocle Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Lotzkat, Hertz, Bienentreu & Koehler 2013 Poe, Latella, Ryan & Schaad 2009 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as chocorum] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as chocorum] Savage 2002 [as chocorum]   * Dactyloa insignis Short-legged Giant Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Lotzkat, Hertz, Bienentreu & Koehler 2013 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Poe & Ryan 2017 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Dactyloa microtus Costa Rican Tiny Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Lotzkat, Hertz, Bienentreu & Koehler 2013 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   * Dactyloa savagei Fortuna Pass Giant Anole Barrio-Amoros & Paniagua 2020 Poe & Ryan 2017 Genus Norops (Brilliant Anoles)   * Norops alocomyos Copey Anole Koehler, Vargas & Lotzkat 2014   Norops altae Volcan Barba Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Koehler 2009 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Norops aquaticus Central American Water Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   * Norops arenal Volcan Arenal Anole Koehler & Vargas 2019 Valverde & Abarca 2022   Norops auratus Surinam Grass Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009   Norops benedikti Bocas del Toro Anole Lotzkat, Bienentreu, Hertz & Koehler 2011   Norops biporcatus Central American Giant Green Anole Armstead, Ayala-Varela, Torres-Carvajal, Ryan & Poe 2017 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Norops biscutiger Golfito Anole Taylor 1956   Norops capito Big-headed Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Norops carpenteri Cartago Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Echelle, Echelle & Fitch 1971 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Norops charlesmyersi Chiriqui Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Koehler 2010 Nicholson & Koehler 2014   Norops cryptolimifrons Cerro Brujo Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009   Norops cupreus Central American Copper Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Koehler, Batista, Vesely, Ponce, Carrizo & Lotzkat 2012 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Norops datzorum Tabasara Mountains Anole Koehler & Vargas 2010   Norops fungosus Cerro Pando Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Koehler 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Norops godmani Volcan Irazu Anole Boulenger 1885   Norops humilis Central American Humble Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Koehler, Alt, Grunfelder, Dehling & Sunyer 2006 Koehler, Poe, Ryan & Koehler 2015 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Norops intermedius Intermediate Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Norops kemptoni Finca Lerida Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 [as pandoensis]   * Norops leditzigorum Santa Elena Anole Koehler, Vargas & Lotzkat 2014   Norops lemurinus Ghost Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Norops limifrons Slender Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   * Norops marsupialis Pouched Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Koehler, Poe, Ryan & Koehler 2015 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Savage & Bolanos 2009   * Norops monteverde Puntarenas Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Koehler 2009   * Norops osa Osa Peninsula Anole Koehler, Batista, Vesely, Ponce, Carrizo & Lotzkat 2012 Koehler, Dehling & Koehler 2010   Norops oxylophus Central American Stream Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Norops pachypus Thick Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Norops pentaprion Common Lichen Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Koehler 2010 Nicholson & Koehler 2014 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage 2002   Norops polylepis Many-scaled Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Koehler, Batista, Vesely, Ponce, Carrizo & Lotzkat 2012 Koehler, Dehling & Koehler 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage 2002   Norops quaggulus Nicaraguan Humble Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Koehler, Alt, Grunfelder, Dehling & Sunyer 2006 Koehler, Poe, Ryan & Koehler 2015 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009   Norops salvini Squeaking Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Koehler 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as vociferans] Savage 2002 [as vociferans]   * Norops tenorioensis Volcan Tenorio Anole Koehler 2011   * Norops townsendi Cocos Island Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Zug 2013   * Norops tropidolepis Swift Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Lotzkat, Bienentreu, Hertz & Koehler 2011 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Norops unilobatus Awasbila Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Koehler & Vesely 2010 Koehler, Trejo-Perez, Petersen & Mendez de la Cruz 2014 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as sericeus] Savage 2002 [as sericeus]   Norops woodi Panamanian Volcano Anole Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Corytophanidae (Basilisks) Genus Basiliscus (Typical Basilisks)   Basiliscus basiliscus Common Basilisk Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Basiliscus plumifrons Plumed Basilisk Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Basiliscus vittatus Banded Basilisk Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Corytophanes (Helmeted Basilisks)   Corytophanes cristatus Smooth-headed Helmeted Basilisk Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Eublepharidae (Eyelid Geckos) Genus Coleonyx (Banded Eyelid Geckos)   Coleonyx mitratus Central American Banded Gecko Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Seufer, Kaverkin & Kirschner (eds.) 2005  Family Gymnophthalmidae (Scaly-tongued Spectacled Tejus) Genus Anadia (Smooth-scaled Spectacled Tejus)   Anadia ocellata Ocellated Smooth-scaled Teju Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 [as m. metallica] Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Bachia (Earless Tejus)   Bachia blairi Chiriqui Earless Teju Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Centrosaura (Costa Rican Rough Teju)   Centrosaura apodema Costa Rican Rough Teju Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Doan & Castoe 2005 Lotzkat, Batista, Vargas, Hertz & Koehler 2012 Marques-Souza, Prates, Fouquet, Camacho, Kok, Nunes, Vechio, Recoder, Mejia, Teixeira-Junior, Barrio-Amoros, Cassimiro, Lima, Sena & Rodrigues 2018 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Vasquez-Restrepo, Ibanez, Sanchez-Pacheco & Daza 2020 Genus Gymnophthalmus (Snake-eyed Tejus)   Gymnophthalmus speciosus Golden Snake-eyed Teju Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Recoder, Vechio, Marques-Souza, Teixeira, Silva-da-Silva, Santos Junior, Ribeiro, Barrio-Amoros & Rodrigues 2018 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Loxopholis (Western Root Tejus)   Loxopholis rugiceps Rio Magdalena Root Teju Mora, Espinal, Chaves & Lopez 2019   Loxopholis southi Northern Root Teju Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Iguanidae (Greater Iguanas) Genus Ctenosaura (Northern Spiny-tailed Iguanas)   Ctenosaura quinquecarinata Central American Armed Iguana Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hasbun & Koehler 2009 Koehler 2002 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Ctenosaura similis Central American Black Iguana Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Koehler 2002 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Iguana (Green Iguanas)   Iguana iguana South American Green Iguana Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [part] Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [part] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [part] Savage 2002 [part]   Iguana rhinolopha Northern Green Iguana Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as I. iguana [part]] Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as I. iguana [part]] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as I. iguana [part]] Savage 2002 [as I. iguana [part]]  Family Phrynosomatidae (North American Lesser Iguanas) Genus Sceloporus (Northern Spiny Lizards)   Sceloporus malachiticus Malachite Spiny Lizard Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Stuart 1971   Sceloporus olloporus Central American Rose-bellied Lizard Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as S. variabilis] Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 [as S. variabilis] Smith 1937 Smith, Perez-Higareda & Chiszar 1993 Solis-Zurita, Luna & Gonzalez 2019   Sceloporus squamosus Central American Dwarf Spiny Lizard Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Phyllodactylidae (Leaf-toed Geckos) Genus Phyllodactylus (American Leaf-toed Geckos)   Phyllodactylus tuberculosus Yellow-bellied Leaf-toed Gecko Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Thecadactylus (Turnip-tailed Geckos)   Thecadactylus rapicauda Northern Turnip-tailed Gecko Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Polychrotidae (Monkey Lizards) Genus Polychrus (Monkey Lizards)   Polychrus gutturosus Central American Monkey Lizard Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Torres-Carvajal, Koch, Venegas & Poe 2017  Family Scincidae (Skinks) Genus Marisora (Middle American Skinks)   Marisora alliacea Costa Rican Four-lined Skink Hedges & Conn 2012 McCranie, Matthews & Hedges 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as unimarginata (part)] Savage 2002 [as unimarginata (part)]   Marisora brachypoda Middle American Short-limbed Skink Hedges & Conn 2012 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 McCranie, Matthews & Hedges 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as unimarginata (part)] Savage 2002 [as unimarginata (part)]   Marisora unimarginata Middle American Long-limbed Skink Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hedges & Conn 2012 McCranie, Matthews & Hedges 2020 Miralles & Carranza 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as unimarginata (part)] Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 [as unimarginata (part)] Genus Mesoscincus (Central American Giant Skinks)   Mesoscincus managuae Pacific Giant Skink Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Scincella (South Asian and American Ground Skinks)   Scincella cherriei Central American Brown Forest Skink Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Sphaerodactylidae (Least Geckos, etc.) Genus Gonatodes (American Padless Geckos)   Gonatodes albogularis Yellow-headed Gecko Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Lepidoblepharis (Scaly-eyed Geckos)   Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma Costa Rica Scaly-eyed Gecko Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Sphaerodactylus (Least Geckos)   Sphaerodactylus graptolaemus Costa Rica Least Gecko Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Sphaerodactylus homolepis Yellow-tailed Dwarf Gecko Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Sphaerodactylus millepunctatus Spotted Least Gecko Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 McCranie & Hedges 2012 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   * Sphaerodactylus pacificus Cocos Island Least Gecko Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Harris & Kluge 1984 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Zug 2013  Family Teiidae (Greater Tejus) Genus Ameiva (South American Ameivas)   Ameiva ameiva South American Giant Ameiva Savage 2002   Ameiva praesignis Borriguerro Ameiva Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as A. ameiva] Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as A. ameiva] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as A. ameiva] Ugueto & Harvey 2011 Genus Aspidoscelis (Northern Whiptails)   Aspidoscelis deppii Black-bellied Whiptail Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Maslin & Secoy 1986 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Holcosus (Northwestern Ameivas)   Holcosus festivus Central American Ameiva Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Holcosus leptophrys Delicate Ameiva Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Harvey, Ugueto & Gutberlet 2012 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Holcosus parvus Guatemalan Rainbow Ameiva Meza-Lazaro & Nieto-Montes de Oca 2015 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970   Holcosus quadrilineatus Four-lined Ameiva Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Harvey, Ugueto & Gutberlet 2012 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Xantusiidae (Night Lizards) Genus Lepidophyma (Tropical Night Lizards)   Lepidophyma flavimaculatum Yellow-spotted Night Lizard Bezy & Camarillo-Rangel 2002 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Grunwald, Reyes-Velasco, Ahumada-Carrillo, Montano-Ruvalcaba, Franz-Chavez, Forest, Ramirez-Chaparro, Teran-Juarez & Borja-Jimenez 2023 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Lepidophyma reticulatum Reticulated Tropical Night Lizard Bezy & Camarillo-Rangel 2002 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Grunwald, Reyes-Velasco, Ahumada-Carrillo, Montano-Ruvalcaba, Franz-Chavez, Forest, Ramirez-Chaparro, Teran-Juarez & Borja-Jimenez 2023 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002

	Snakes (Serpentes)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Anomalepididae (Neotropical Blind Snakes) Genus Anomalepis (Odd-scaled Blind Snakes)   Anomalepis mexicana Lower Central American Blind Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Gonzalez-Carvajal, Medina-Rangel & Rojas-Murcia 2018 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Stickel, Abarca & Pounds 2017 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Helminthophis (Northwestern Blind Snakes)   Helminthophis frontalis Pink-headed Blind Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Liotyphlops (Smooth Blind Snakes)   Liotyphlops albirostris White-nosed Blind Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Solorzano, Chavarria Villagra & Nunez Escalante 2021  Family Boidae (Typical Boas) Genus Boa (Red-tailed Boas)   Boa imperator Central American Red-tailed Boa Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as B. constrictor] Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as B. constrictor] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as B. constrictor] Savage 2002 [as B. constrictor] Genus Corallus (Tree Boas)   Corallus annulatus Annulated Tree Boa Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Corallus ruschenbergerii Mangrove Tree Boa Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Henderson 1997 Henderson 2002 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Genus Epicrates (Rainbow Boas)   Epicrates maurus Northern Rainbow Boa Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as cenchria] McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 [as cenchria] Passos & Fernandes 2008 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 [as cenchria] Stimson 1969 Genus Ungaliophis (Central American Dwarf Boas)   Ungaliophis panamensis Panamanian Dwarf Boa Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids) Genus Amastridium (Rusty-headed Snakes)   Amastridium veliferum Southern Rusty-headed Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Wilson & Meyer 1969 Genus Chironius (Sipos)   Chironius carinatus Yellow-lipped Sipo Savage 2002   Chironius exoletus Green Sipo Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Chironius flavopictus Yellow-spotted Sipo Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as carinatus]   Chironius grandisquamis Large-scaled Sipo Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Clelia (Northern Snake Eaters)   Clelia clelia Common Snake Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Zaher 1996 Genus Coniophanes (Black-striped Snakes)   Coniophanes bipunctatus Two-spotted Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Solorzano 2001   Coniophanes fissidens Central American Yellow-bellied Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Flores-Villela & Smith 2009 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Coniophanes piceivittis Oaxacan Black-striped Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Flores-Villela & Smith 2009 Palacios-Aguilar & Flores-Villela 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Conophis (Road Guarders)   Conophis lineatus Central American Road Guarder Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Wellman 1963 Genus Crisantophis (Costa Rican Road Guarder)   Crisantophis nevermanni Costa Rican Road Guarder Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Wellman 1963 Genus Dendrophidion (Forest Racers)   Dendrophidion apharocybe Central American Barred Forest Racer Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as vinitor (part)] Cadle 2012 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as vinitor (part)] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as vinitor (part)] Savage 2002 [as vinitor (part)]   Dendrophidion clarkii Panamanian Black-naped Forest Racer Cadle & Savage 2012   * Dendrophidion crybelum Costa Rican Barred Forest Racer Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as vinitor (part)] Cadle 2012 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as vinitor (part)] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as vinitor (part)] Savage 2002 [as vinitor (part)]   Dendrophidion paucicarinatum Talamanca Forest Racer Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Cadle & Savage 2014 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Dendrophidion percarinatum South American Forest Racer Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Cadle 2012 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Dendrophidion rufiterminorum Red-headed Forest Racer Cadle & Savage 2012 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Genus Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters)   Dipsas articulata Veraguas Snail Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Dipsas bicolor Bicolored Snail Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Dipsas tenuissima Slender Snail Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Drymarchon (Indigo Snakes and Cribos)   Drymarchon melanurus Black-tailed Cribo Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 [as corais] Wuster, Yrausquin & Mijares-Urrutia 2001 Genus Drymobius (Central American Racers)   Drymobius margaritiferus Speckled Racer Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Drymobius melanotropis Lower-montane Green Racer Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Wilson 1970   Drymobius rhombifer Diamondback Racer Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Enuliophis (White-headed Snake)   Enuliophis sclateri White-headed Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Enulius (Middle American Long-tailed Snakes)   Enulius flavitorques Pacific Long-tailed Snake Abarca & Bolanos 2017 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Erythrolamprus (Neotropical Smooth Snakes)   Erythrolamprus bizonus Double-banded Mock Coral Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curcio, Scali & Rodrigues 2015 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Torres-Carvajal & Hinojosa 2020   Erythrolamprus epinephelus Fire-bellied Smooth Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Dixon 1983 Dixon 1989 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Torres-Carvajal & Hinojosa 2020   Erythrolamprus mimus Mimic Mock Coral Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curcio, Scali & Rodrigues 2015 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Torres-Carvajal & Hinojosa 2020 Genus Geophis (Central American Earth Snakes)   Geophis brachycephalus Short-headed Earth Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage & Watling 2008 Savage 2002 Wilson & Townsend 2007   * Geophis downsi Puntarenas Earth Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage & Watling 2008 Savage 2002 Wilson & Townsend 2007   Geophis godmani Irazu Earth Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Grunwald, Ahumada-Carrillo, Grunwald, Montano-Ruvalcaba & Garcia-Vazquez 2022 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage & Watling 2008 Savage 2002 Wilson & Townsend 2007   Geophis hoffmanni Costa Rican Earth Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Townsend 2006 Wilson & Townsend 2007   * Geophis ruthveni Sarapiqui Earth Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage & Watling 2008 Savage 2002 Wilson & Townsend 2007   Geophis sartorii Terrestrial Snail Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009   Geophis talamancae Talamanca Earth Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage & Watling 2008 Savage 2002 Wilson & Townsend 2007   * Geophis zeledoni Finca Zeledon Earth Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage & Watling 2008 Savage 2002 Wilson & Townsend 2007 Genus Hydromorphus (Central American Water Snakes)   Hydromorphus concolor Common Central American Water Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes)   Imantodes cenchoa Common Blunt-headed Tree Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Torres-Carvajal, Yanez-Munoz, Quirola, Smith & Almendariz 2012   Imantodes gemmistratus Central American Blunt-headed Tree Snake Banuelos-Alamillo, Trujillo-de la Torre, Quintero-Diaz & Carbajal-Marquez 2017 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Torres-Carvajal, Yanez-Munoz, Quirola, Smith & Almendariz 2012   Imantodes inornatus Yellow Blunt-headed Tree Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Torres-Carvajal, Yanez-Munoz, Quirola, Smith & Almendariz 2012 Genus Lampropeltis (King Snakes and Milk Snakes)   Lampropeltis abnorma Central American Milk Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [part] [as triangulum] Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Markel 1990 Ruane, Bryson, Pyron & Burbrink 2014 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [part] [as triangulum] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [part] [as triangulum] Savage 2002 [part] [as triangulum]   Lampropeltis micropholis Southern Milk Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [part] [as triangulum] Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Markel 1990 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ruane 2015 Ruane, Bryson, Pyron & Burbrink 2014 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [part] [as triangulum] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [part] [as triangulum] Savage 2002 [part] [as triangulum] Genus Leptodeira (Typical Cat-eyed Snakes)   Leptodeira nigrofasciata Black-banded Cat-eyed Snake Barrio-Amoros 2019 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Duellman 1958 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Leptodeira ornata Panamanian Small-spotted Cat-eyed Snake Barrio-Amoros 2019 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as septentrionalis] Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 [as L. septentrionalis] Duellman 1958 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 [as L. septentrionalis] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as septentrionalis] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as septentrionalis] Savage 2002 [as septentrionalis]   Leptodeira rhombifera Central American Banded Cat-eyed Snake Barrio-Amoros 2019 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as annulata] Duellman 1958 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 McCranie 2011 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as annulata] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as annulata] Savage 2002 [as annulata]   Leptodeira rubricata Costa Rican Cat-eyed Snake Barrio-Amoros 2019 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Llata Quiroga, Chavez, Arauz & Abarca 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Leptodrymus (Green-headed Lowland Racer)   Leptodrymus pulcherrimus Green-headed Lowland Racer Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Leptophis (Neotropical Parrot Snakes)   Leptophis depressirostris Satiny Parrot Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Torres-Carvajal & Teran 2021   Leptophis mexicanus Mexican Parrot Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Oliver 1948 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Leptophis nebulosus Striped Parrot Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Oliver 1948 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Leptophis occidentalis Guayaquil Parrot Snake Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa & Avila 2022 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as L. ahaetulla] Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 [as L. ahaetulla] Murphy, Charles, Lehtinen & Koeller 2013 Oliver 1948 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as L. ahaetulla] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as L. ahaetulla] Savage 2002 [as L. ahaetulla]   Leptophis riveti Oblique Parrot Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Masticophis (North American Whip Snakes and Coachwhips)   Masticophis mentovarius Neotropical Whip Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Gallo-Gutierrez, Santamaria Martinez, Lopez & Mora 2021 Johnson 1977 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Mastigodryas (Neotropical Lizard Eaters)   Mastigodryas alternatus Central American Lizard Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as melanolomus] Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 [as M. melanolomus] Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 [as M. melanolomus] McCranie 2011 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as melanolomus] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as melanolomus] Savage 2002 [as melanolomus] Genus Ninia (Coffee Snakes)   Ninia celata Pale-collared Coffee Snake Angarita-Sierra 2014 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 McCranie & Wilson 1995 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Ninia maculata Spotted Coffee Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Ninia psephota Checkered Coffee Snake Angarita-Sierra 2014 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as cerroensis] Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Ninia sebae Red-backed Coffee Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Nothopsis (Rugose Litter Snake)   Nothopsis rugosus Rugose Litter Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Oxybelis (Neotropical Vine Snakes)   Oxybelis brevirostris Short-nosed Vine Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Oxybelis fulgidus Green Vine Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Oxybelis koehleri Guatemalan Vine Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as aeneus] Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Jadin, Blair, Orlofske, Jowers, Rivas, Vitt, Ray, Smith & Murphy 2020 Keiser 1974 [as aeneus] Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as aeneus] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as aeneus] Savage 2002 [as aeneus] Genus Oxyrhopus (Calico Snakes)   Oxyrhopus petolarius Banded Calico Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Phrynonax (Neotropical Bird Snakes)   Phrynonax poecilonotus Northern Bird Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Pliocercus (Big-scaled False Coral Snakes)   Pliocercus dimidiatus Central American False Coral Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as euryzonus] Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 [as P. euryzonus] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as annellatus] Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as euryzonus] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as euryzonus] Savage 2002 [as euryzonus] Smith & Chiszar 2001 Genus Pseudoboa (Neotropical Scarlet Snakes)   Pseudoboa neuwiedii Northern Scarlet Snake Abarca & Ray 2021 Genus Rhadinaea (Graceful Brown Snakes)   Rhadinaea calligaster Thick Graceful Brown Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Rhadinaea decorata Adorned Graceful Brown Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Rhadinaea pulveriventris Black-naped Graceful Brown Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Rhadinella (Dwarf Brown Snakes)   Rhadinella godmani Central American Dwarf Brown Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   * Rhadinella serperaster Costa Rican Dwarf Brown Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Rhinobothryum (Ringed Snakes)   Rhinobothryum bovallii False Tree Coral Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Meza-Joya, Rojas-Morales & Ramo 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Scaphiodontophis (Neck-banded Snakes)   Scaphiodontophis venustissimus Southern Neck-banded Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 [as S. annulatus] McCranie 2011 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 [as annulatus] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Scolecophis (Central American Harlequin Snake)   Scolecophis atrocinctus Central American Harlequin Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015 Genus Senticolis (American Green Rat Snake)   Senticolis triaspis American Green Rat Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Dowling 1952 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Schulz 1996 Genus Sibon (Neotropical Snail Eaters)   Sibon annulatus Ringed Snail Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Harvey 2008 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Sibon anthracops White-naped Snail Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Harvey 2008 Koehler, Lotzkat & Hertz 2010 Kofron 1987 Lotzkat, Hertz & Koehler 2012 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Sibon argus Argus Snail Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage & McDiarmid 1992 Savage 2002   Sibon dimidiatus Coral-backed Snail Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Harvey 2008 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Sibon lamari Costa Rican Snail Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campos-Villalobos, Pereira-Castillo & Serrano-Hernandez 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Solorzano 2001   Sibon longifrenis Drab Snail Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Harvey 2008 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Koehler, Lotzkat & Hertz 2010 Lotzkat, Hertz & Koehler 2012 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Sibon nebulatus Cloudy Snail Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Harvey 2008 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Koehler, Lotzkat & Hertz 2010 Lotzkat, Hertz & Koehler 2012 Peters 1960 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Siphlophis (Liana Snakes)   Siphlophis compressus Red-headed Liana Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Guedes, Nunes, Prudente & Marques 2011 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Spilotes (Chicken Snakes)   Spilotes pullatus Chicken Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Stenorrhina (Scorpion Eaters)   Stenorrhina degenhardtii South American Scorpion Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Stenorrhina freminvillii Central American Scorpion Eater Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes)   Tantilla alticola Santa Rita Centipede Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as schistosa costaricensis] Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015   Tantilla armillata Black-necked Centipede Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Koehler 2008 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015   Tantilla reticulata Reticulated Centipede Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as virgata] Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Wilson & Meyer 1971   Tantilla ruficeps Orange-bellied Centipede Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015   Tantilla schistosa Red Earth Centipede Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as taylori] Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Tantilla supracincta Northern Banded Centipede Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as annulata] Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015   Tantilla vermiformis Nicaraguan Centipede Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Devender & Cole 1977 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015 Genus Thamnophis (North American Garter Snakes and Ribbon Snakes)   Thamnophis marcianus Checkered Garter Snake Abarca & Solorzano 2020 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Rossman, Ford & Seigel 1996 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009   Thamnophis proximus Western Ribbon Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Rossman, Ford & Seigel 1996 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Tretanorhinus (Neotropical Swamp Snakes)   Tretanorhinus nigroluteus Orange-bellied Swamp Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Zamora-Roda, Herrera-Martinez & Cortes-Suarez 2022 Genus Trimetopon (Central American Dwarf Snakes)   Trimetopon barbouri Panamanian Dwarf Snake Gomez, Stice, Solorzano & Sasa 2020 Nunez Escalante, Moreno Chinchilla, Perez Acuna & Gonzalez Espinoza 2021   * Trimetopon gracile Cartago Dwarf Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Trimetopon pliolepis Faded Dwarf Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Nunez Escalante, Acuna Obando, Salgera Garcia, Sandi Amador & Gloor 2021 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   * Trimetopon simile Costa Rican Dwarf Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Trimetopon slevini Chiriqui Dwarf Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Herse & Ray 2014 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   * Trimetopon viquezi Siquirres Dwarf Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Trimorphodon (Lyre Snakes)   Trimorphodon quadruplex Central American Lyre Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Devitt, LaDuc & McGuire 2008 Gehlbach 1971 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 [as biscutatus] Genus Urotheca (Glass-tailed Snakes)   Urotheca decipiens Collared Glass-tailed Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Urotheca fulviceps Tawny-headed Glass-tailed Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Urotheca guentheri Orange-bellied Glass-tailed Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   * Urotheca myersi Costa Rican Glass-tailed Snake Barrio-Amoros 2020 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Urotheca pachyura Thick-tailed Glass-tailed Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads and South American Hognose Snakes)   Xenodon angustirostris Central American Mock Lancehead Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as rabdocephalus] Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as bertholdi] Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as rabdocephalus] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as rabdocephalus] Savage 2002 [as rabdocephalus]  Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.) Genus Micrurus (American Coral Snakes)   Micrurus alleni Arrow-headed Coral Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Roze 1996 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Micrurus clarki Yavisa Coral Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Roze 1996 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Micrurus mosquitensis Misquito Coral Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Roze 1996 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009   Micrurus multifasciatus Many-banded Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Roze 1996 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010   Micrurus nigrocinctus Central American Coral Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Roze 1996 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Elapidae [part 2: marine species] (Sea Snakes) Genus Hydrophis (Typical Sea Snakes)   Hydrophis platurus Yellow-bellied Sea Snake Bessesen & Galbreath 2017 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Tu 1976 Zug 2013  Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes) Genus Epictia (Neotropical Thread Snakes)   Epictia ater Central American Black Thread Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hahn 1980 McCranie & Hedges 2016 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Wallach 2016  Family Loxocemidae (Neotropical Sunbeam Snake) Genus Loxocemus (Neotropical Sunbeam Snake)   Loxocemus bicolor Neotropical Sunbeam Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes) Genus Amerotyphlops (American Blind Snakes)   Amerotyphlops costaricensis Costa Rican Blind Snake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Dixon & Hendricks 1979 Granados-Martinez & Chaves 2020 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Viperidae (Vipers) Genus Agkistrodon (American Copperheads, Cottonmouths, and Cantils)   Agkistrodon howardgloydi Southern Cantil Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as bilineatus] Campbell & Lamar 2004 Conant 1984 Porras, Wilson, Schuett & Reiserer 2013 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as bilineatus] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as bilineatus] Savage 2002 [as bilineatus] Genus Atropoides (Costa Rican Jumping Pitviper)   Atropoides picadoi Costa Rican Jumping Pitviper Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Bothriechis (Palm Pitvipers)   Bothriechis lateralis Side-striped Palm Pitviper Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Bothriechis nigroviridis Black-speckled Palm Pitviper Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   * Bothriechis nubestris Talamanca Palm Pitviper Doan, Mason, Castoe, Sasa & Parkinson 2016   Bothriechis schlegelii Eyelash Palm Pitviper Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Bothriechis supraciliaris Blotched Palm Pitviper Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Genus Bothrops (American Lanceheads)   Bothrops asper Central American Lancehead Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Curlis, Fisher, Muhic, Moy, Garro-Cruz & Montero-Ramirez 2020 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Marin-Pacheco, Astorga Acuna, Matarrita Herrera, Coto-Gonzales & Rodriguez Rojas 2022 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021 Genus Cerrophidion (Central American Montane Pitvipers)   Cerrophidion sasai Costa Rican Montane Pitviper Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as godmani] Campbell & Lamar 2004 [as godmani] Jadin, Townsend, Castoe & Campbell 2012 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as godmani] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as godmani] Savage 2002 [as godmani] Genus Crotalus (Typical Rattlesnakes)   Crotalus simus Central American Rattlesnake Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 [as durissus] Genus Lachesis (Bushmasters)   Lachesis melanocephala Black-headed Bushmaster Barrio-Amoros, Corrales, Rodriguez, Culebras, Dwyer & Flores 2020 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Gonzalez-Maya, Castaneda, Gonzalez, Pacheco & Ceballos 2014 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Zamudio & Greene 1997   Lachesis stenophrys Central American Bushmaster Barrio-Amoros, Corrales, Rodriguez, Culebras, Dwyer & Flores 2020 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Zamudio & Greene 1997 Genus Metlapilcoatlus (Northern Jumping Pitvipers)   Metlapilcoatlus mexicanus Central American Jumping Pitviper Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 [as nummifer] Genus Porthidium (Hognosed Pitvipers)   Porthidium nasutum Rainforest Hognosed Pitviper Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Porthidium ophryomegas Slender Hognosed Pitviper Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   * Porthidium porrasi White-tailed Hognosed Pitviper Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Lamar & Sasa 2003 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009   Porthidium volcanicum Ujarran Hognosed Pitviper Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002

	Turtles (Testudines)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles) Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)   Caretta caretta Loggerhead Sea Turtle Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)   Chelonia mydas Green Sea Turtle Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Cornelius in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 [as agassizii] Zug 2013 Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)   Eretmochelys imbricata Hawksbill Sea Turtle Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Cornelius in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Zug 2013 Genus Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles)   Lepidochelys olivacea Olive Ridley Sea Turtle Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Cornelius in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 Zug 2013  Family Chelydridae (American Snapping Turtles) Genus Chelydra (American Snapping Turtles)   Chelydra acutirostris South American Snapping Turtle Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002 [as serpentina]  Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle) Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)   Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback Sea Turtle Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Cornelius in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Emydidae (Western Pond Turtles) Genus Trachemys (Slider Turtles)   Trachemys grayi Western Central American Slider Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009   Trachemys venusta Eastern Central American Slider Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009  Family Geoemydidae (Eastern Pond Turtles) Genus Rhinoclemmys (Neotropical Wood Turtles)   Rhinoclemmys annulata Brown Wood Turtle Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Rhinoclemmys funerea Black Wood Turtle Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Rhinoclemmys pulcherrima Painted Wood Turtle Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Chaves, Ramirez Coto & Abarca 2020 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002  Family Kinosternidae (American Mud and Musk Turtles) Genus Kinosternon (American Mud Turtles)   Kinosternon albogulare White-throated Mud Turtle Berry & Iverson 2011 Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 [as scorpioides] Forero-Medina & Castano-Mora 2011 McCranie 2018 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 [as scorpioides] Savage & Bolanos 2009 [as scorpioides] Savage 2002 [as scorpioides] Wermuth & Mertens 1977   Kinosternon angustipons Narrow-bridged Mud Turtle Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002   Kinosternon leucostomum White-lipped Mud Turtle Bolanos, Savage & Chaves 2010 Hilje, Chaves, Klank, Timmerman, Feltham, Gillingwater, Piraino & Rojas-Valerio 2020 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sasa, Chaves & Porras 2010 Savage & Bolanos 2009 Savage 2002