Reptiles of
Belize 

 

Bibliography of the reptiles of Belize Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Belize Introduced species
Home - Taxonomy - Geography - Biodiversity - Literature - Purchase RepFocus Recent updates
Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist
General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial.
Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:
Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Crocodylidae (Crocodiles)
Genus Crocodylus (Typical Crocodiles)
 
Crocodylus acutus

American Crocodile

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Crocodylus moreletii

Central American Crocodile

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Ross 1987 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988

Lizards (Sauria)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Anguidae (Slowworms, etc.)
Genus Siderolamprus (Middle American Forest Lizards)
 
Siderolamprus rozellae

Mayan Forest Lizard

Campbell & Camarillo R. 1994 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Schools & Hedges 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Anolidae (Anoles)
Genus Norops (Brilliant Anoles)
 
Norops beckeri

Yucatan Lichen Anole

Koehler 2000 [as pentaprion] Koehler 2010 Lee 1996 Nicholson & Koehler 2014 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as pentaprion] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as pentaprion] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as pentaprion]
 
Norops biporcatus

Central American Giant Green Anole

Armstead, Ayala-Varela, Torres-Carvajal, Ryan & Poe 2017 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Norops capito

Big-headed Anole

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Norops laeviventris

White Anole

Koehler 1999 [as lemurinus] Koehler 2000 [as lemurinus] Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as lemurinus] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as lemurinus]
 
Norops rodriguezii

Yucatan Smooth Anole

Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
 
Norops tropidonotus

Greater Scaly Anole

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Koehler, Townsend & Petersen 2016 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Norops uniformis

Lesser Scaly Anole

Koehler 2000 Koehler, Alt, Grunfelder, Dehling & Sunyer 2006 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
 
Norops ustus

Yucatan Silky Anole

Koehler & Vesely 2010 [as sericeus] Lara-Tufino, Nieto-Montes de Oca, Ramirez-Bautista & Gray 2016 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as sericeus]
 Family Corytophanidae (Basilisks)
Genus Basiliscus (Typical Basilisks)
 
Basiliscus vittatus

Banded Basilisk

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Corytophanes (Helmeted Basilisks)
 
Corytophanes cristatus

Smooth-headed Helmeted Basilisk

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Corytophanes hernandesii

Forest Helmeted Basilisk

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Laemanctus (Casque-headed Iguanas)
 
Laemanctus longipes

Eastern Casque-headed Iguana

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 McCoy 1968 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Laemanctus serratus

Serrated Casque-headed Iguana

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Eublepharidae (Eyelid Geckos)
Genus Coleonyx (Banded Eyelid Geckos)
 
Coleonyx elegans

Yucatan Banded Gecko

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Gymnophthalmidae (Scaly-tongued Spectacled Tejus)
Genus Gymnophthalmus (Snake-eyed Tejus)
 
Gymnophthalmus speciosus

Golden Snake-eyed Teju

Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 McCoy 1991 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
 Family Iguanidae (Greater Iguanas)
Genus Ctenosaura (Northern Spiny-tailed Iguanas)
 
Ctenosaura similis

Central American Black Iguana

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021 Koehler 2000 Koehler 2002 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Iguana (Green Iguanas)
 
Iguana rhinolopha

Northern Green Iguana

Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as I. iguana] Koehler 2000 [as I. iguana] Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as I. iguana] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as I. iguana] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as I. iguana]
 Family Phrynosomatidae (North American Lesser Iguanas)
Genus Sceloporus (Northern Spiny Lizards)
 
Sceloporus chrysostictus

Yellow-spotted Spiny Lizard

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Solis-Zurita, Luna & Gonzalez 2019 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Sceloporus lundelli

Belize Spiny Lizard

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Sceloporus prezygus

Chiapan Blue Spiny Lizard

Lee 1996 [as serrifer X prezygus]
 
Sceloporus serrifer

Southern Blue Spiny Lizard

Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 [as serrifer X prezygus] McCoy 1991 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
 
Sceloporus teapensis

Teapen Rose-bellied Lizard

Koehler 2000 Solis-Zurita, Luna & Gonzalez 2019 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as variabilis] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
 Family Phyllodactylidae (Leaf-toed Geckos)
Genus Phyllodactylus (American Leaf-toed Geckos)
  *
Phyllodactylus insularis

Belize Leaf-toed Gecko

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Dixon 1960 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Phyllodactylus tuberculosus

Yellow-bellied Leaf-toed Gecko

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Thecadactylus (Turnip-tailed Geckos)
 
Thecadactylus rapicauda

Northern Turnip-tailed Gecko

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Scincidae (Skinks)
Genus Marisora (Middle American Skinks)
 
Marisora lineola

Mayan Skink

Burger 1952 [as alliacea] Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as brachypoda] Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021 Hedges & Conn 2012 [as brachypoda] Koehler 2000 [as unimarginata] Lee 1996 [as Mabuya unimarginata] McCranie, Matthews & Hedges 2020 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as Mabuya unimarginata] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as Mabuya unimarginata] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as Mabuya unimarginata]
Genus Mesoscincus (Central American Giant Skinks)
 
Mesoscincus schwartzei

Yucatan Giant Skink

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 McCoy, Censky & Devender 1986 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Plestiodon (Blue-tailed Skinks)
 
Plestiodon sumichrasti

Veracruz Blue-tailed Skink

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 McCoy & Miller 1963 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Scincella (South Asian and American Ground Skinks)
 
Scincella cherriei

Central American Brown Forest Skink

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Sphaerodactylidae (Least Geckos, etc.)
Genus Aristelliger (Croaking Geckos)
 
Aristelliger georgeensis

Belizean Croaking Gecko

Bauer & Russell 1993 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Sphaerodactylus (Least Geckos)
 
Sphaerodactylus continentalis

Continental Least Gecko

Harris & Kluge 1984 [as millepunctatus] Koehler 2000 [as millepunctatus] Lee 1996 [as millepunctatus] Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as millepunctatus] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as millepunctatus]
 
Sphaerodactylus glaucus

Central American Collared Least Gecko

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Harris & Kluge 1984 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
 Family Teiidae (Greater Tejus)
Genus Aspidoscelis (Northern Whiptails)
 
Aspidoscelis angusticeps

Narrow-headed Whiptail

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Maslin & Secoy 1986 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Aspidoscelis cozumelus

Cozumel Whiptail

Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021
 
Aspidoscelis maslini

Campeche Whiptail

Lee 1996 Maslin & Secoy 1986 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
Genus Cnemidophorus (Southern Whiptails)
 
Cnemidophorus ruatanus

Northern Rainbow Whiptail

Gonzalez-Sanchez, Johnson, Gonzalez-Solis, Fucsko & Wilson 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as C. lemniscatus]
Genus Holcosus (Northwestern Ameivas)
 
Holcosus festivus

Central American Ameiva

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Echternacht 1971 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Holcosus gaigeae

Yucatan Ameiva

Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as Ameiva undulata] Echternacht 1971 [as Ameiva undulata] Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 [as Ameiva undulata] Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as Ameiva undulata] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as Ameiva undulata] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as Ameiva undulata]
 Family Xantusiidae (Night Lizards)
Genus Lepidophyma (Tropical Night Lizards)
 
Lepidophyma flavimaculatum

Yellow-spotted Night Lizard

Bezy & Camarillo-Rangel 2002 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Grunwald, Reyes-Velasco, Ahumada-Carrillo, Montano-Ruvalcaba, Franz-Chavez, Forest, Ramirez-Chaparro, Teran-Juarez & Borja-Jimenez 2023 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 McCoy, Censky & Devender 1986 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Lepidophyma mayae

Mayan Tropical Night Lizard

Bezy & Camarillo-Rangel 2002 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010

Snakes (Serpentes)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Boidae (Typical Boas)
Genus Boa (Red-tailed Boas)
 
Boa imperator

Central American Red-tailed Boa

Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as B. constrictor] Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as B. constrictor] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as B. constrictor]
 Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids)
Genus Adelphicos (Central American Burrowing Snakes)
 
Adelphicos visoninum

Honduran Four-lined Burrowing Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as quadrivirgatus] Lee 1996 McCoy, Censky & Devender 1986 [as A. quadrivirgatus] Mendoza-Quijano, Campos-Rodriguez, Lopez-Vidal, Smith & Chiszar 2003 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as quadrivirgatus] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as quadrivirgatum] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as quadrivirgatus] Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 [as quadrivirgatum]
Genus Amastridium (Rusty-headed Snakes)
 
Amastridium sapperi

Northern Rusty-headed Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as veliferum] Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as veliferum] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as veliferum] Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014
Genus Clelia (Northern Snake Eaters)
 
Clelia clelia

Common Snake Eater

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Zaher 1996
 
Clelia scytalina

Mexican Snake Eater

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Coluber (North American Racer)
 
Coluber constrictor

North American Racer

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Coniophanes (Black-striped Snakes)
 
Coniophanes bipunctatus

Two-spotted Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Coniophanes fissidens

Central American Yellow-bellied Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Coniophanes imperialis

Regal Black-striped Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Coniophanes schmidti

Faded Black-striped Snake

Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021 Lee 1996 McCoy, Censky & Devender 1986 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Conophis (Road Guarders)
 
Conophis lineatus

Central American Road Guarder

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 [as concolor] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as concolor] Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as concolor] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as concolor] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wellman 1963 [as concolor]
Genus Dendrophidion (Forest Racers)
 
Dendrophidion rufiterminorum

Red-headed Forest Racer

Cadle & Savage 2012 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as nuchalis] Lee 1996 [as nuchale] McCranie 2011 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as nuchale] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as nuchale] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as nuchalis]
 
Dendrophidion vinitor

Northern Barred Forest Racer

Cadle 2012 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Wilson 1966
Genus Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters)
 
Dipsas brevifacies

Short-faced Snail Eater

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Kofron 1982 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Drymarchon (Indigo Snakes and Cribos)
 
Drymarchon melanurus

Black-tailed Cribo

Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as corais] Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as corais] Wuster, Yrausquin & Mijares-Urrutia 2001
Genus Drymobius (Central American Racers)
 
Drymobius margaritiferus

Speckled Racer

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Ficimia (Eastern Hook-nosed Snakes)
 
Ficimia publia

Blotched Hook-nosed Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Hardy 1975 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Geophis (Central American Earth Snakes)
 
Geophis sanniolus

Pygmy Snail Eater

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Henderson, Hoevers & Wilson 1977 Kofron 1990 Lee 1996 McCoy 1986 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Geophis sartorii

Terrestrial Snail Eater

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Kofron 1988 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes)
 
Imantodes cenchoa

Common Blunt-headed Tree Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Imantodes tenuissimus

Yucatan Blunt-headed Tree Snake

Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
Genus Lampropeltis (King Snakes and Milk Snakes)
 
Lampropeltis abnorma

Central American Milk Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as triangulum] Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as triangulum] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as triangulum] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as triangulum]
Genus Leptodeira (Typical Cat-eyed Snakes)
 
Leptodeira frenata

Rain Forest Cat-eyed Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Duellman 1958 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Leptodeira polysticta

Small-spotted Cat-eyed Snake

Barrio-Amoros 2019 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as septentrionalis] Duellman 1958 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as septentrionalis] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as septentrionalis] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as septentrionalis]
Genus Leptophis (Neotropical Parrot Snakes)
 
Leptophis mexicanus

Mexican Parrot Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021 Henderson 1976 Lee 1996 Oliver 1948 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Leptophis praestans

Northern Green Parrot Snake

Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as L. ahaetulla] Lee 1996 Oliver 1948 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as L. ahaetulla] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as L. ahaetulla] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as L. ahaetulla]
Genus Masticophis (North American Whip Snakes and Coachwhips)
 
Masticophis mentovarius

Neotropical Whip Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Johnson 1977 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Mastigodryas (Neotropical Lizard Eaters)
 
Mastigodryas laevis

Guatemalan Lizard Eater

Lee 1996
 
Mastigodryas melanolomus

Salmon-bellied Lizard Eater

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 McCoy, Censky & Devender 1986 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Ninia (Coffee Snakes)
 
Ninia diademata

Ring-necked Coffee Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Gray & Hofmann 2017 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Ninia sebae

Red-backed Coffee Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Oxybelis (Neotropical Vine Snakes)
 
Oxybelis fulgidus

Green Vine Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Oxybelis potosiensis

Gulf Coast Vine Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as aeneus] Jadin, Blair, Orlofske, Jowers, Rivas, Vitt, Ray, Smith & Murphy 2020 Keiser 1974 [as aeneus] Lee 1996 [as aeneus] Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as aeneus] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as aeneus] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as aeneus]
Genus Oxyrhopus (Calico Snakes)
 
Oxyrhopus petolarius

Banded Calico Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 McCoy, Censky & Devender 1986 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Phrynonax (Neotropical Bird Snakes)
 
Phrynonax poecilonotus

Northern Bird Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Pliocercus (Big-scaled False Coral Snakes)
 
Pliocercus elapoides

Variegated False Coral Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Schmidt 1941 Smith & Chiszar 2001 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Pseudelaphe (Mexican Rat Snakes)
 
Pseudelaphe flavirufa

Mexican Rat Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Schulz 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Rhadinaea (Graceful Brown Snakes)
 
Rhadinaea decorata

Adorned Graceful Brown Snake

Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
Genus Rhadinella (Dwarf Brown Snakes)
 
Rhadinella anachoreta

Izabal Dwarf Brown Snake

Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
 
Rhadinella kinkelini

Nicaraguan Dwarf Brown Snake

Curlis, Cerda, Rabosky, Grundler, Holmes, Sealey, Whitcher, Grundler & Westeen 2020
Genus Scaphiodontophis (Neck-banded Snakes)
 
Scaphiodontophis annulatus

Northern Neck-banded Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Senticolis (American Green Rat Snake)
 
Senticolis triaspis

American Green Rat Snake

Lee 1996 McCoy 1991 Schulz 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
Genus Sibon (Neotropical Snail Eaters)
 
Sibon dimidiatus

Coral-backed Snail Eater

Curlis, Cerda, Rabosky, Grundler, Holmes, Sealey, Whitcher, Grundler & Westeen 2020 Hofmann 2016 Lee 1996 McCoy 1991 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
 
Sibon nebulatus

Cloudy Snail Eater

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Spilotes (Chicken Snakes)
 
Spilotes pullatus

Chicken Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Stenorrhina (Scorpion Eaters)
 
Stenorrhina degenhardtii

South American Scorpion Eater

Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
 
Stenorrhina freminvillii

Central American Scorpion Eater

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Symphimus (Mexican White-lipped Snakes)
 
Symphimus mayae

Yucatan White-lipped Snake

Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford 2005 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
Genus Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes)
 
Tantilla cuniculator

Peten Centipede Snake

Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2014 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015 Wilson 1985
  *
Tantilla hendersoni

Belizean Centipede Snake

Hofmann, Gray, Wilson & Townsend 2017 Stafford 2004 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015
 
Tantilla schistosa

Red Earth Centipede Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 McCoy, Censky & Devender 1986 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Tantillita (Dwarf Short-tailed Snakes)
 
Tantillita canula

Yucatan Dwarf Short-tailed Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as brevis] Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015 Wilson 1988
 
Tantillita lintoni

Guatemalan Dwarf Short-tailed Snake

Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
Genus Thamnophis (North American Garter Snakes and Ribbon Snakes)
 
Thamnophis marcianus

Checkered Garter Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Thamnophis proximus

Western Ribbon Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Tretanorhinus (Neotropical Swamp Snakes)
 
Tretanorhinus nigroluteus

Orange-bellied Swamp Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
Genus Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads and South American Hognose Snakes)
 
Xenodon angustirostris

Central American Mock Lancehead

Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as rabdocephalus] Lee 1996 [as rabdocephalus] Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as rabdocephalus] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as rabdocephalus] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as rabdocephalus]
 Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.)
Genus Micrurus (American Coral Snakes)
 
Micrurus apiatus

Eastern Variable Coral Snake

Campbell & Lamar 2004 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as M. diastema] Lee 1996 [as M. diastema] Reyes-Velasco, Adams, Boissinot, Parkinson, Campbell, Castoe & Smith 2020 Roze 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as M. diastema] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as M. diastema] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as M. diastema]
 
Micrurus hippocrepis

Mayan Coral Snake

Campbell & Lamar 2004 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Roze 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes)
Genus Epictia (Neotropical Thread Snakes)
 
Epictia phenops

Shiny Thread Snake

Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as goudotii] McCranie & Hedges 2016 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as goudotii] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as goudotii] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as goudotti (sic)] Wallach 2016
 Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes)
Genus Amerotyphlops (American Blind Snakes)
 
Amerotyphlops microstomus

Yucatan Blind Snake

Lee 1996 McCoy 1991 Meerman 1992 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
 Family Viperidae (Vipers)
Genus Agkistrodon (American Copperheads, Cottonmouths, and Cantils)
 
Agkistrodon russeolus

Yucatan Cantil

Campbell & Lamar 2004 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as bilineatus] Gloyd & Conant 1990 Lee 1996 Porras, Wilson, Schuett & Reiserer 2013 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as bilineatus] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as bilineatus]
Genus Bothriechis (Palm Pitvipers)
 
Bothriechis schlegelii

Eyelash Palm Pitviper

Campbell & Lamar 2004 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Bothrops (American Lanceheads)
 
Bothrops asper

Central American Lancehead

Campbell & Lamar 1989 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Crotalus (Typical Rattlesnakes)
 
Crotalus tzabcan

Yucatan Rattlesnake

Campbell & Lamar 2004 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as durissus] Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as durissus]
Genus Metlapilcoatlus (Northern Jumping Pitvipers)
 
Metlapilcoatlus mexicanus

Central American Jumping Pitviper

Campbell & Lamar 2004 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as nummifer] Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as nummifer] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as nummifer]
Genus Porthidium (Hognosed Pitvipers)
 
Porthidium nasutum

Rainforest Hognosed Pitviper

Campbell & Lamar 2004 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988

Turtles (Testudines)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles)
Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)
 
Caretta caretta

Loggerhead Sea Turtle

Lee 1996 Pritchard 1979 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)
 
Chelonia mydas

Green Sea Turtle

Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)
 
Eretmochelys imbricata

Hawksbill Sea Turtle

Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Chelydridae (American Snapping Turtles)
Genus Chelydra (American Snapping Turtles)
 
Chelydra rossignonii

Central American Snapping Turtle

Bonin, Devaux & Dupre 2006 Fritz & Havas 2006 Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as serpentina] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010
 Family Dermatemydidae (Central American River Turtle)
Genus Dermatemys (Central American River Turtle)
 
Dermatemys mawii

Central American River Turtle

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Iverson 1992 Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Vogt, Polisar, Moll & Gonzalez-Porter 2011
 Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
 
Dermochelys coriacea

Leatherback Sea Turtle

McCoy 1991 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 Family Emydidae (Western Pond Turtles)
Genus Trachemys (Slider Turtles)
 
Trachemys venusta

Eastern Central American Slider

Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as scripta] Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as scripta] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as scripta]
 Family Geoemydidae (Eastern Pond Turtles)
Genus Rhinoclemmys (Neotropical Wood Turtles)
 
Rhinoclemmys areolata

Furrowed Wood Turtle

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Vogt, Platt & Rainwater 2009
 Family Kinosternidae (American Mud and Musk Turtles)
Genus Claudius (Narrow-bridged Musk Turtle)
 
Claudius angustatus

Narrow-bridged Musk Turtle

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 Lee 1996 Munscher, Pop, Pearson, Barrett, Knauss, Marlin, McAvinchey, Morrison, Pignatelli, Stein, Tuggle & Walde 2022 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Kinosternon (American Mud Turtles)
 
Kinosternon acutum

Tabasco Mud Turtle

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Iverson & Vogt 2011 Iverson 1992 Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
 
Kinosternon albogulare

White-throated Mud Turtle

McCranie 2018
  *
Kinosternon creaseri

Yucatan Mud Turtle

Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 
Kinosternon cruentatum

Red-cheeked Mud Turtle

Berry & Iverson 2011 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as scorpioides] Lee 1996 McCranie 2018 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as scorpioides] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as scorpioides] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as scorpioides]
 
Kinosternon leucostomum

White-lipped Mud Turtle

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988
Genus Staurotypus (Giant Musk Turtles)
 
Staurotypus triporcatus

Caribbean Giant Musk Turtle

Campbell & Vannini 1989 Iverson 1992 Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988