Reptiles of Belize    Bibliography of the reptiles of Belize Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Belize Introduced species

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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial. Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:

	Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Crocodylidae (Crocodiles) Genus Crocodylus (Typical Crocodiles)   Crocodylus acutus American Crocodile Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Crocodylus moreletii Central American Crocodile Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Ross 1987 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988

	Lizards (Sauria)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Anguidae (Slowworms, etc.) Genus Siderolamprus (Middle American Forest Lizards)   Siderolamprus rozellae Mayan Forest Lizard Campbell & Camarillo R. 1994 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Schools & Hedges 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988  Family Anolidae (Anoles) Genus Norops (Brilliant Anoles)   Norops beckeri Yucatan Lichen Anole Koehler 2000 [as pentaprion] Koehler 2010 Lee 1996 Nicholson & Koehler 2014 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as pentaprion] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as pentaprion] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as pentaprion]   Norops biporcatus Central American Giant Green Anole Armstead, Ayala-Varela, Torres-Carvajal, Ryan & Poe 2017 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Norops capito Big-headed Anole Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Norops laeviventris White Anole Koehler 1999 [as lemurinus] Koehler 2000 [as lemurinus] Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as lemurinus] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as lemurinus]   Norops rodriguezii Yucatan Smooth Anole Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010   Norops tropidonotus Greater Scaly Anole Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Koehler, Townsend & Petersen 2016 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Norops uniformis Lesser Scaly Anole Koehler 2000 Koehler, Alt, Grunfelder, Dehling & Sunyer 2006 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010   Norops ustus Yucatan Silky Anole Koehler & Vesely 2010 [as sericeus] Lara-Tufino, Nieto-Montes de Oca, Ramirez-Bautista & Gray 2016 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as sericeus]  Family Corytophanidae (Basilisks) Genus Basiliscus (Typical Basilisks)   Basiliscus vittatus Banded Basilisk Campbell & Vannini 1989 Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Corytophanes (Helmeted Basilisks)   Corytophanes cristatus Smooth-headed Helmeted Basilisk Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Corytophanes hernandesii Forest Helmeted Basilisk Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Laemanctus (Casque-headed Iguanas)   Laemanctus longipes Eastern Casque-headed Iguana Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 McCoy 1968 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Laemanctus serratus Serrated Casque-headed Iguana Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988  Family Eublepharidae (Eyelid Geckos) Genus Coleonyx (Banded Eyelid Geckos)   Coleonyx elegans Yucatan Banded Gecko Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988  Family Gymnophthalmidae (Scaly-tongued Spectacled Tejus) Genus Gymnophthalmus (Snake-eyed Tejus)   Gymnophthalmus speciosus Golden Snake-eyed Teju Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 McCoy 1991 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010  Family Iguanidae (Greater Iguanas) Genus Ctenosaura (Northern Spiny-tailed Iguanas)   Ctenosaura similis Central American Black Iguana Campbell & Vannini 1989 Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021 Koehler 2000 Koehler 2002 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Iguana (Green Iguanas)   Iguana rhinolopha Northern Green Iguana Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as I. iguana] Koehler 2000 [as I. iguana] Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as I. iguana] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as I. iguana] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as I. iguana]  Family Phrynosomatidae (North American Lesser Iguanas) Genus Sceloporus (Northern Spiny Lizards)   Sceloporus chrysostictus Yellow-spotted Spiny Lizard Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Solis-Zurita, Luna & Gonzalez 2019 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Sceloporus lundelli Belize Spiny Lizard Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Sceloporus prezygus Chiapan Blue Spiny Lizard Lee 1996 [as serrifer X prezygus]   Sceloporus serrifer Southern Blue Spiny Lizard Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 [as serrifer X prezygus] McCoy 1991 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010   Sceloporus teapensis Teapen Rose-bellied Lizard Koehler 2000 Solis-Zurita, Luna & Gonzalez 2019 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as variabilis] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010  Family Phyllodactylidae (Leaf-toed Geckos) Genus Phyllodactylus (American Leaf-toed Geckos)   * Phyllodactylus insularis Belize Leaf-toed Gecko Campbell & Vannini 1989 Dixon 1960 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Phyllodactylus tuberculosus Yellow-bellied Leaf-toed Gecko Campbell & Vannini 1989 Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Thecadactylus (Turnip-tailed Geckos)   Thecadactylus rapicauda Northern Turnip-tailed Gecko Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988  Family Scincidae (Skinks) Genus Marisora (Middle American Skinks)   Marisora lineola Mayan Skink Burger 1952 [as alliacea] Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as brachypoda] Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021 Hedges & Conn 2012 [as brachypoda] Koehler 2000 [as unimarginata] Lee 1996 [as Mabuya unimarginata] McCranie, Matthews & Hedges 2020 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as Mabuya unimarginata] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as Mabuya unimarginata] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as Mabuya unimarginata] Genus Mesoscincus (Central American Giant Skinks)   Mesoscincus schwartzei Yucatan Giant Skink Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 McCoy, Censky & Devender 1986 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Plestiodon (Blue-tailed Skinks)   Plestiodon sumichrasti Veracruz Blue-tailed Skink Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 McCoy & Miller 1963 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Scincella (South Asian and American Ground Skinks)   Scincella cherriei Central American Brown Forest Skink Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988  Family Sphaerodactylidae (Least Geckos, etc.) Genus Aristelliger (Croaking Geckos)   Aristelliger georgeensis Belizean Croaking Gecko Bauer & Russell 1993 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Sphaerodactylus (Least Geckos)   Sphaerodactylus continentalis Continental Least Gecko Harris & Kluge 1984 [as millepunctatus] Koehler 2000 [as millepunctatus] Lee 1996 [as millepunctatus] Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as millepunctatus] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as millepunctatus]   Sphaerodactylus glaucus Central American Collared Least Gecko Campbell & Vannini 1989 Harris & Kluge 1984 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010  Family Teiidae (Greater Tejus) Genus Aspidoscelis (Northern Whiptails)   Aspidoscelis angusticeps Narrow-headed Whiptail Campbell & Vannini 1989 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Maslin & Secoy 1986 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Aspidoscelis cozumelus Cozumel Whiptail Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021   Aspidoscelis maslini Campeche Whiptail Lee 1996 Maslin & Secoy 1986 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Genus Cnemidophorus (Southern Whiptails)   Cnemidophorus ruatanus Northern Rainbow Whiptail Gonzalez-Sanchez, Johnson, Gonzalez-Solis, Fucsko & Wilson 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as C. lemniscatus] Genus Holcosus (Northwestern Ameivas)   Holcosus festivus Central American Ameiva Campbell & Vannini 1989 Echternacht 1971 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Holcosus gaigeae Yucatan Ameiva Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as Ameiva undulata] Echternacht 1971 [as Ameiva undulata] Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 [as Ameiva undulata] Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as Ameiva undulata] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as Ameiva undulata] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as Ameiva undulata]  Family Xantusiidae (Night Lizards) Genus Lepidophyma (Tropical Night Lizards)   Lepidophyma flavimaculatum Yellow-spotted Night Lizard Bezy & Camarillo-Rangel 2002 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Grunwald, Reyes-Velasco, Ahumada-Carrillo, Montano-Ruvalcaba, Franz-Chavez, Forest, Ramirez-Chaparro, Teran-Juarez & Borja-Jimenez 2023 Koehler 2000 Lee 1996 McCoy, Censky & Devender 1986 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Lepidophyma mayae Mayan Tropical Night Lizard Bezy & Camarillo-Rangel 2002 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010

	Snakes (Serpentes)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Boidae (Typical Boas) Genus Boa (Red-tailed Boas)   Boa imperator Central American Red-tailed Boa Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as B. constrictor] Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as B. constrictor] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as B. constrictor]  Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids) Genus Adelphicos (Central American Burrowing Snakes)   Adelphicos visoninum Honduran Four-lined Burrowing Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as quadrivirgatus] Lee 1996 McCoy, Censky & Devender 1986 [as A. quadrivirgatus] Mendoza-Quijano, Campos-Rodriguez, Lopez-Vidal, Smith & Chiszar 2003 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as quadrivirgatus] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as quadrivirgatum] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as quadrivirgatus] Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 [as quadrivirgatum] Genus Amastridium (Rusty-headed Snakes)   Amastridium sapperi Northern Rusty-headed Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as veliferum] Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as veliferum] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as veliferum] Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Clelia (Northern Snake Eaters)   Clelia clelia Common Snake Eater Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Zaher 1996   Clelia scytalina Mexican Snake Eater Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Coluber (North American Racer)   Coluber constrictor North American Racer Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Coniophanes (Black-striped Snakes)   Coniophanes bipunctatus Two-spotted Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Coniophanes fissidens Central American Yellow-bellied Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Coniophanes imperialis Regal Black-striped Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Coniophanes schmidti Faded Black-striped Snake Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021 Lee 1996 McCoy, Censky & Devender 1986 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Conophis (Road Guarders)   Conophis lineatus Central American Road Guarder Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 [as concolor] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as concolor] Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as concolor] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as concolor] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wellman 1963 [as concolor] Genus Dendrophidion (Forest Racers)   Dendrophidion rufiterminorum Red-headed Forest Racer Cadle & Savage 2012 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as nuchalis] Lee 1996 [as nuchale] McCranie 2011 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as nuchale] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as nuchale] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as nuchalis]   Dendrophidion vinitor Northern Barred Forest Racer Cadle 2012 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Wilson 1966 Genus Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters)   Dipsas brevifacies Short-faced Snail Eater Campbell & Vannini 1989 Kofron 1982 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Drymarchon (Indigo Snakes and Cribos)   Drymarchon melanurus Black-tailed Cribo Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as corais] Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as corais] Wuster, Yrausquin & Mijares-Urrutia 2001 Genus Drymobius (Central American Racers)   Drymobius margaritiferus Speckled Racer Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Ficimia (Eastern Hook-nosed Snakes)   Ficimia publia Blotched Hook-nosed Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Hardy 1975 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Geophis (Central American Earth Snakes)   Geophis sanniolus Pygmy Snail Eater Campbell & Vannini 1989 Henderson, Hoevers & Wilson 1977 Kofron 1990 Lee 1996 McCoy 1986 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Geophis sartorii Terrestrial Snail Eater Campbell & Vannini 1989 Kofron 1988 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes)   Imantodes cenchoa Common Blunt-headed Tree Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Imantodes tenuissimus Yucatan Blunt-headed Tree Snake Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Genus Lampropeltis (King Snakes and Milk Snakes)   Lampropeltis abnorma Central American Milk Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as triangulum] Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as triangulum] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as triangulum] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as triangulum] Genus Leptodeira (Typical Cat-eyed Snakes)   Leptodeira frenata Rain Forest Cat-eyed Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Duellman 1958 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Leptodeira polysticta Small-spotted Cat-eyed Snake Barrio-Amoros 2019 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as septentrionalis] Duellman 1958 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as septentrionalis] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as septentrionalis] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as septentrionalis] Genus Leptophis (Neotropical Parrot Snakes)   Leptophis mexicanus Mexican Parrot Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Finnerty, Lord, Barbasch, Laman, Hakam, Perez, Jenkins, Fortunato, Lockwood, Bianco-Caron & Stewart 2021 Henderson 1976 Lee 1996 Oliver 1948 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Leptophis praestans Northern Green Parrot Snake Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as L. ahaetulla] Lee 1996 Oliver 1948 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as L. ahaetulla] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as L. ahaetulla] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as L. ahaetulla] Genus Masticophis (North American Whip Snakes and Coachwhips)   Masticophis mentovarius Neotropical Whip Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Johnson 1977 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Mastigodryas (Neotropical Lizard Eaters)   Mastigodryas laevis Guatemalan Lizard Eater Lee 1996   Mastigodryas melanolomus Salmon-bellied Lizard Eater Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 McCoy, Censky & Devender 1986 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Ninia (Coffee Snakes)   Ninia diademata Ring-necked Coffee Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Gray & Hofmann 2017 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Ninia sebae Red-backed Coffee Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Oxybelis (Neotropical Vine Snakes)   Oxybelis fulgidus Green Vine Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Oxybelis potosiensis Gulf Coast Vine Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as aeneus] Jadin, Blair, Orlofske, Jowers, Rivas, Vitt, Ray, Smith & Murphy 2020 Keiser 1974 [as aeneus] Lee 1996 [as aeneus] Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as aeneus] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as aeneus] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as aeneus] Genus Oxyrhopus (Calico Snakes)   Oxyrhopus petolarius Banded Calico Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 McCoy, Censky & Devender 1986 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Phrynonax (Neotropical Bird Snakes)   Phrynonax poecilonotus Northern Bird Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Pliocercus (Big-scaled False Coral Snakes)   Pliocercus elapoides Variegated False Coral Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Schmidt 1941 Smith & Chiszar 2001 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Pseudelaphe (Mexican Rat Snakes)   Pseudelaphe flavirufa Mexican Rat Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Schulz 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Rhadinaea (Graceful Brown Snakes)   Rhadinaea decorata Adorned Graceful Brown Snake Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Genus Rhadinella (Dwarf Brown Snakes)   Rhadinella anachoreta Izabal Dwarf Brown Snake Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010   Rhadinella kinkelini Nicaraguan Dwarf Brown Snake Curlis, Cerda, Rabosky, Grundler, Holmes, Sealey, Whitcher, Grundler & Westeen 2020 Genus Scaphiodontophis (Neck-banded Snakes)   Scaphiodontophis annulatus Northern Neck-banded Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Senticolis (American Green Rat Snake)   Senticolis triaspis American Green Rat Snake Lee 1996 McCoy 1991 Schulz 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Genus Sibon (Neotropical Snail Eaters)   Sibon dimidiatus Coral-backed Snail Eater Curlis, Cerda, Rabosky, Grundler, Holmes, Sealey, Whitcher, Grundler & Westeen 2020 Hofmann 2016 Lee 1996 McCoy 1991 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010   Sibon nebulatus Cloudy Snail Eater Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Spilotes (Chicken Snakes)   Spilotes pullatus Chicken Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Stenorrhina (Scorpion Eaters)   Stenorrhina degenhardtii South American Scorpion Eater Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010   Stenorrhina freminvillii Central American Scorpion Eater Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Symphimus (Mexican White-lipped Snakes)   Symphimus mayae Yucatan White-lipped Snake Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford 2005 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Genus Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes)   Tantilla cuniculator Peten Centipede Snake Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2014 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015 Wilson 1985   * Tantilla hendersoni Belizean Centipede Snake Hofmann, Gray, Wilson & Townsend 2017 Stafford 2004 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015   Tantilla schistosa Red Earth Centipede Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 McCoy, Censky & Devender 1986 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Tantillita (Dwarf Short-tailed Snakes)   Tantillita canula Yucatan Dwarf Short-tailed Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as brevis] Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015 Wilson 1988   Tantillita lintoni Guatemalan Dwarf Short-tailed Snake Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Genus Thamnophis (North American Garter Snakes and Ribbon Snakes)   Thamnophis marcianus Checkered Garter Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Thamnophis proximus Western Ribbon Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Tretanorhinus (Neotropical Swamp Snakes)   Tretanorhinus nigroluteus Orange-bellied Swamp Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Genus Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads and South American Hognose Snakes)   Xenodon angustirostris Central American Mock Lancehead Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as rabdocephalus] Lee 1996 [as rabdocephalus] Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as rabdocephalus] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as rabdocephalus] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as rabdocephalus]  Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.) Genus Micrurus (American Coral Snakes)   Micrurus apiatus Eastern Variable Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as M. diastema] Lee 1996 [as M. diastema] Reyes-Velasco, Adams, Boissinot, Parkinson, Campbell, Castoe & Smith 2020 Roze 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as M. diastema] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as M. diastema] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as M. diastema]   Micrurus hippocrepis Mayan Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Roze 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988  Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes) Genus Epictia (Neotropical Thread Snakes)   Epictia phenops Shiny Thread Snake Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as goudotii] McCranie & Hedges 2016 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as goudotii] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as goudotii] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as goudotti (sic)] Wallach 2016  Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes) Genus Amerotyphlops (American Blind Snakes)   Amerotyphlops microstomus Yucatan Blind Snake Lee 1996 McCoy 1991 Meerman 1992 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010  Family Viperidae (Vipers) Genus Agkistrodon (American Copperheads, Cottonmouths, and Cantils)   Agkistrodon russeolus Yucatan Cantil Campbell & Lamar 2004 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as bilineatus] Gloyd & Conant 1990 Lee 1996 Porras, Wilson, Schuett & Reiserer 2013 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as bilineatus] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as bilineatus] Genus Bothriechis (Palm Pitvipers)   Bothriechis schlegelii Eyelash Palm Pitviper Campbell & Lamar 2004 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Bothrops (American Lanceheads)   Bothrops asper Central American Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 1989 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Crotalus (Typical Rattlesnakes)   Crotalus tzabcan Yucatan Rattlesnake Campbell & Lamar 2004 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as durissus] Lee 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as durissus] Genus Metlapilcoatlus (Northern Jumping Pitvipers)   Metlapilcoatlus mexicanus Central American Jumping Pitviper Campbell & Lamar 2004 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as nummifer] Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as nummifer] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as nummifer] Genus Porthidium (Hognosed Pitvipers)   Porthidium nasutum Rainforest Hognosed Pitviper Campbell & Lamar 2004 Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988

	Turtles (Testudines)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles) Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)   Caretta caretta Loggerhead Sea Turtle Lee 1996 Pritchard 1979 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)   Chelonia mydas Green Sea Turtle Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)   Eretmochelys imbricata Hawksbill Sea Turtle Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988  Family Chelydridae (American Snapping Turtles) Genus Chelydra (American Snapping Turtles)   Chelydra rossignonii Central American Snapping Turtle Bonin, Devaux & Dupre 2006 Fritz & Havas 2006 Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as serpentina] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010  Family Dermatemydidae (Central American River Turtle) Genus Dermatemys (Central American River Turtle)   Dermatemys mawii Central American River Turtle Campbell & Vannini 1989 Iverson 1992 Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Vogt, Polisar, Moll & Gonzalez-Porter 2011  Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle) Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)   Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback Sea Turtle McCoy 1991 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988  Family Emydidae (Western Pond Turtles) Genus Trachemys (Slider Turtles)   Trachemys venusta Eastern Central American Slider Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as scripta] Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as scripta] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as scripta]  Family Geoemydidae (Eastern Pond Turtles) Genus Rhinoclemmys (Neotropical Wood Turtles)   Rhinoclemmys areolata Furrowed Wood Turtle Campbell & Vannini 1989 Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Vogt, Platt & Rainwater 2009  Family Kinosternidae (American Mud and Musk Turtles) Genus Claudius (Narrow-bridged Musk Turtle)   Claudius angustatus Narrow-bridged Musk Turtle Campbell & Vannini 1989 Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 Lee 1996 Munscher, Pop, Pearson, Barrett, Knauss, Marlin, McAvinchey, Morrison, Pignatelli, Stein, Tuggle & Walde 2022 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Kinosternon (American Mud Turtles)   Kinosternon acutum Tabasco Mud Turtle Campbell & Vannini 1989 Iverson & Vogt 2011 Iverson 1992 Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988   Kinosternon albogulare White-throated Mud Turtle McCranie 2018   * Kinosternon creaseri Yucatan Mud Turtle Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021   Kinosternon cruentatum Red-cheeked Mud Turtle Berry & Iverson 2011 Campbell & Vannini 1989 [as scorpioides] Lee 1996 McCranie 2018 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 [as scorpioides] Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 [as scorpioides] Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 [as scorpioides]   Kinosternon leucostomum White-lipped Mud Turtle Campbell & Vannini 1989 Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988 Genus Staurotypus (Giant Musk Turtles)   Staurotypus triporcatus Caribbean Giant Musk Turtle Campbell & Vannini 1989 Iverson 1992 Lee 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stafford & Meyer 2000 Stafford, Walker, Edgar & Penn 2010 Villa, Wilson & Johnson 1988