Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk).
Latest update: October 31st, 2023.
 
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Genus
Dolichophis
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Greater Whip Snakes
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Grosse Pfeilnattern
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Store Pilsnoge
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1843 |  |
Eremiophis Fitzinger (type species: Coluber trabalis Pallas 1814; syn. Williams & Wallach 1989) |
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1868 | |
Dolichophis Gistel (type species: Coluber caspius Gmelin 1789) |
Contents:
4 species, none of which are endemic.
Endemism: 0%  100%
Remarks:
Previously included in the genus
Coluber (e.g., Mertens & Wermuth 1960).
Distribution:
SE. Europe, Middle East.
Reported from:
Albania,
Armenia,
Azerbaijan,
Bosnia-Herzegovina,
Bulgaria,
Croatia,
Cyprus,
Egypt
(Sinai),
Georgia,
Greece
(incl.
Aegean Islands
[incl.
Dodecanese Islands
(incl.
Rhodes),
Sporades Islands]),
Hungary,
Iran,
Iraq,
Israel,
Jordan,
Kazakhstan,
Kuwait,
Lebanon,
Moldova,
Montenegro,
North Macedonia,
Romania,
Russia,
Serbia,
Syria,
Turkey
(incl.
European Turkey),
Turkmenistan,
Ukraine
(incl.
Crimea).
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Dolichophis andreanus
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Zagros Whip Snake, (Andreas' Racer, Persian Whip Snake)
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Zagros-Zornnatter, (Andreas-Zornnatter)
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Zagros-pilsnog
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1917 | |
Zamenis andreana Werner |
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Coluber andreanus Rajabizadeh & Rastegar-Pouyani 2006 |
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Hierophis andreanus Torki 2010 |
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Dolichophis andreanus Rajabizadeh, Pyron, Nazarov, Poyarkov, Adriaens & Herrel 2020 |
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1920 | |
Zamenis hotsoni Boulenger (Schätti 2001) |
Remarks:
Schätti (2001) tentatively regarded
Platyceps najadum as the closest relative of andreanus.
Rastegar-Pouyani, Kami, Rajabzadeh, Shafiei & Anderson (2008) placed the species in the genus
Zamenis,
and Torki (2010) in the genus
Hierophis.
Most recently, Rajabizadeh, Pyron, Nazarov, Poyarkov, Adriaens & Herrel (2020) reassigned andreanus to the genus Dolichophis.
Distribution:
Iran,
Iraq.
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Dolichophis caspius
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Caspian Whip Snake, Yellow-bellied Wood Snake, European Whip Snake, (Large Whip Snake)
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Kaspische Pfeilnatter, Kaspische Zornnatter, Kaspische Springnatter
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Kaspisk Pilsnog
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1789 | |
Coluber caspius Gmelin |
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Hierophis caspius Fitzinger 1853 |
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Zamenis atrovirens caspius Günther 1858 |
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Zamenis gemonensis caspius Boulenger 1893 |
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Zamenis cespius [sic?] Werner 1920 |
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Coluber jugularis caspius Mertens & Müller 1928 |
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Haemorrhois jugularis caspius [sic] Welch 1983 |
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Dolichophis caspius Nagy, Schmidtler, Joger & Wink 2004 [by implication] |
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1799 | |
Coluber jaculator Pallas (Mertens & Wermuth 1960) |
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1801 | |
Coluber bicolor Güldenstedt [not Coluber bicolor Reuss 1834] (Mertens & Wermuth 1960) |
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1814 | |
Coluber acontistes Pallas (Böhme (ed.) 1993) |
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1814 | |
Coluber thermalis Pallas (Böhme (ed.) 1993) |
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1811 | |
Coluber trabalis Pallas [substitute name for Coluber caspius Gmelin 1789] (Mertens & Wermuth 1960) |
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Zamenis gemonensis trabalis Boettger 1889 |
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1832 | |
Coluber griseo-coeruleus Dwigubskij (Mertens & Wermuth 1960) |
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1972 | |
Coluber caspius eiselti Zinner [invalid name] (Bader, Riegler & Grillitsch 2009) |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a subspecies of jugularis.
Taxonomic status of records from Iraq (Rhadi, Mohammed, Rastegar-Pouyani, Rastegar-Pouyani & Yousefkhani 2017, as "cf. caspius") is uncertain.
Distribution:
Albania,
Azerbaijan,
Bosnia-Herzegovina,
Bulgaria,
Croatia,
Greece
(incl.
Aegean Islands
[incl.
Dodecanese Islands,
Sporades Islands]),
Hungary,
Iran,
Kazakhstan,
Moldova,
Montenegro,
North Macedonia,
Romania,
Russia,
Serbia,
Turkey
(incl.
European Turkey),
Ukraine
(incl.
Crimea).
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Dolichophis caspius
© Henrik Bringsøe
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Dolichophis jugularis
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Large Whip Snake, Persian Large Whip Snake, (Green Whip Snake)
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Grosse Pfeilnatter
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Bjælkesnog
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1758 | |
Coluber jugularis Linnaeus |
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Haemorrhois jugularis [sic] Welch 1980 |
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Eremiophis jugularis Welch 1983 |
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Hierophis jugularis Schätti 1988 |
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Dolichophis jugularis Nagy, Schmidtler, Joger & Wink 2004 [by implication] |
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1880 | |
Zamenis viridiflavus asiana Boettger (Schätti 1988) |
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Zamenis gemonensis asianus Boulenger 1893 |
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Coluber jugularis asianus Müller & Wettstein 1933 |
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1972 | |
Coluber jugularis cypriacus Zinner |
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Dolichophis jugularis cypriacus Göcmen, Atatür, Budak, Bahar, Yildiz & Alpagut-Keskin 2009 |
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2012 | |
Dolichophis jugularis zinneri Cattaneo |
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2016 | |
Dolichophis mesopotamicus Afrasiab, Mohammad & Hussein (nomen dubium, following The Reptile Database, viewed 1 April 2023) |
Remarks:
Previously included caspius and schmidti.
Distribution:
Cyprus,
Egypt
(Sinai),
Greece
(incl.
Aegean Islands
[incl.
Dodecanese Islands
(incl.
Rhodes)]),
Iran,
Iraq,
Israel,
Jordan,
Kuwait,
Lebanon,
Syria,
Turkey.
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Dolichophis jugularis
© Henrik Bringsøe
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Dolichophis schmidti
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Red-bellied Whip Snake, Armenian Whip Snake, Red-bellied Wood Snake, (Schmidt's Whip Snake)
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Rotbauch-Pfeilnatter
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Sydvestasiatisk Rødbuget Pilsnog
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1832 | |
Coluber erythrogaster Fischer [not Coluber erythrogaster Forster 1771] |
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1909 | |
Coluber schmidti Nikolsky |
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Zamenis gemonensis schmidti Nikolsky 1961 |
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Coluber jugularis schmidti Müller 1939 |
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Coluber caspius schmidti Zinner 1972 |
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Haemorrhois jugularis schmidti [sic] Welch 1983 |
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Hierophis schmidti Schätti 1988 |
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Dolichophis schmidti Nagy, Schmidtler, Joger & Wink 2004 [by implication] |
Remarks:
Validity as separate species confirmed by Abu Baker, Rifai, Joger, Nagy, Wink & Amr (2002).
Claimed to occur in Uzbekistan by some authors (e.g., Venchi & Sindaco 2007; Arakelyan, Danielyan, Corti, Sindaco & Leviton 2011; Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013),
but in their range map of both the species and the genus, the latter authors do not include the country.
According to other authors (e.g., Szczerbak 2003; Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006), the species is not found in Uzbekistan.
Taxonomic status of records from Iraq (Rhadi, Mohammed, Rastegar-Pouyani, Rastegar-Pouyani & Yousefkhani 2017, as "cf. schmidti") is uncertain.
Distribution:
Armenia,
Azerbaijan,
Georgia,
Iran,
Iraq,
Jordan,
Russia,
Syria,
Turkey,
Turkmenistan.
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