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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk).
Latest update: October 31st, 2023.


Taxonomy of the family Colubridae
Bibliography of the genus Rhabdophis
Biodiversity of the family Colubridae








Genus
Rhabdophis

Asian Keelbacks

Asiatische Wassernattern, Waldwassertrugnattern

Asiatiske Kølsnoge

1843 Rhabdophis Fitzinger (type species: Tropidonotus subminiatus Schlegel 1837)
1843 Steirophis Fitzinger (type species: Tropidonotus chrysargos Schlegel 1837; syn. Golay & al. 1993)
1886 Bothrodytes Cope (type species: Tropidonotus subminiatus Schlegel 1837; syn. Golay & al. 1993)
1893 Macropisthodon Boulenger (type species: Amphiesma flaviceps Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril 1854; syn. Takeuchi, Savitzky, Ding, Silva, Das, Nguyen, Tsai, Jono, Zhu, Mahaulpatha, Tang & Mori 2018)
1938 Balanophis Smith (type species: Tropidonotus chrysargus ceylonensis Günther 1858; syn. Takeuchi, Savitzky, Ding, Silva, Das, Nguyen, Tsai, Jono, Zhu, Mahaulpatha, Tang & Mori 2018)
1984 Nuchisulcophis Mahendra (type species: Tropidonotus nuchalis Boulenger 1891; syn. Williams & Wallach 1989)
Contents: 34 species, of which 20 (58.8%) are endemic.
Endemism: 0% 100%
Remarks: Previously included in Natrix.
Distribution: S. and E. Asia, Malay Archipelago.
Reported from: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, China (Anhui, Beijing, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hong Kong, Hubei, Hunan, Inner Mongolia, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan, Zhejiang), India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal), Indonesia (Anambas Islands, Bali, Bangka, Bawean Islands, Buton, Java, Kalimantan, Lingga Islands, Muna, Natuna Islands, Nias, Penida, Sangir Islands, Siberut, Simeulue, Sipura, Sulawesi, Sumatra), Japan (Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, Ryukyu Islands [Satsunan Islands]), Laos, Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak, West Malaysia [incl. Langkawi Archipelago, Seribuat Archipelago (incl. Aur, Tioman)]), Myanmar, Nepal, North Korea, Philippines (Babuyan Islands [Calayan, Camiguin Norte], Balabac, Batan Islands [Batan], Biliran, Bohol, Calamian Islands [Busuanga, Culion], Catanduanes, Dinagat, Dumaran, Leyte, Luzon, Mindanao, Palawan, Polillo, Samar, Siargao, Sulu Islands [Basilan]), Russia, Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam (incl. Cat Ba Island).

Rhabdophis adleri

Lingshui Keelback, (Adler's Keelback, Hainan Keelback)

Lingshui-Kielnatter

Lingshui-kølsnog

1997 Rhabdophis adleri Zhao

Remarks: Represents populations previously reported as callichroma or chrysargos (David & Ineich 1999). Tentatively considered an endemic to Hainan (see remarks under callichroma).
Distribution: China (Hainan).


Rhabdophis akraios

Mount Singalang Keelback

Singalang-Kielnatter

Singalang-kølsnog

2013 Rhabdophis akraios Doria, Petri, Bellati, Tiso & Pistarino

Distribution: Indonesia (Sumatra).


Rhabdophis angeli

Tam Dao Keelback, (Angel's Keelback)

Nordvietnamesische Kielnatter

Nordvietnamesisk Kølsnog

1934 Natrix angeli Bourret
Rhabdophis angeli Bourret 1936

Distribution: Vietnam.


Rhabdophis auriculatus

White-lined Keelback, (Günther's Philippine Keelback, Günther's White-lined Water Snake)

Weissstreifen-Kielnatter

Hvidstribet Kølsnog

1858 Tropidonotus auriculatus Günther
Natrix auriculata Griffin 1911
Rhabdophis auriculata Malnate 1960
1970 Rhabdophis auriculata myersi Leviton

Remarks: Records from Luzon (e.g., Leviton 1970; Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schätti & Toriba 1993; Iskandar & Colijn 2001) appear to be erroneous. The island was not included in the distribution by Diesmos, Gonzalez, Delima & Tampos (2009). Leviton, Siler, Weinell & Brown (2018) included the species in the species list for Luzon, but in the species account there was no mention of the island, and no localities were plotted in the map.
Distribution: Philippines (Bohol, Dinagat, Leyte, Mindanao, Samar, Siargao, Sulu Islands [Basilan]).


Rhabdophis barbouri

Luzon Keelback, (Barbour's Keelback)

Luzon-Kielnatter

Luzon-kølsnog

1854 Leptophis vertebralis Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril [rejected] (Smith & Chiszar 1989)
1922 Natrix barbouri Taylor
Macropophis barbouri Malnate 1960
Natrix dendrophiops barbouri Leviton 1963
Rhabdophis barbouri Malnate & Underwood 1988

Remarks: Presence in Mindoro needs confirmation. There is a single record, which may be in error (Diesmos 2009). Leviton, Siler, Weinell & Brown (2018) did not include Mindoro in the distribution of the species.
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon).


Rhabdophis bindi

Bindi Keelback

Bindi-Kielnatter

Bindi-kølsnog

2021 Rhabdophis bindi Das, Smith, Sidik, Sarker, Boruah, Patel, Murthy & Deepak

Remarks: Previously regarded as a population of himalayanus.
Distribution: Bangladesh, India (Assam, Mizoram, Tripura).





Rhabdophis callichroma

Bavi Keelback, Black-barred Keelback, Coloured Keelback

Bavi-Kielnatter

Bavi-kølsnog

1934 Natrix chrysarga callichroma Bourret
Rhabdophis chrysargus callichromus Bourret 1936
Rhabdophis callichroma Malnate 1960
1939 Natrix auchenia Smith (Smith 1943)

Remarks: Previously regarded as a synonym of chrysargos (e.g., Zhao & Adler 1993). According to David & Ineich (1999), records from China (Hainan) refer to adleri, however, Zhu, Wang, Takeuchi & Zhao (2014) list vouchers of both adleri and callichroma from the island. Chinese records of callichroma or chrysargos from outside Hainan are here tentatively assigned to callichroma. Not listed for China by Wang, Ren, Chen, Lyu, Guo, Jiang, Chen, Li, Guo, Wang & Che (2020). Only two specimens have been reported from Hong Kong (Karsen, Lau & Bogadek 1998 [as chrysargos]). David & Ineich (1999) regarded the specific epithet as an apposition, not an adjective, thus suggesting the correct spelling to be callichroma, not callichromus.
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Hainan, Hong Kong), Vietnam.


Rhabdophis callistus

Minahassa Keelback, (Boettger's Keelback)

Minahassa-Kielnatter

Minahassa-kølsnog

1873 Tropidonotus callistus Günther
Rhabdophis callistus Iskandar & Colijn 2001

Remarks: Previously regarded as a synonym of chrysargoides (e.g., Rooij 1917). Treated as a valid species in most recent publications (e.g., Iskandar & Colijn 2001; Lang & Vogel 2005). According to Lang & Vogel (2005), the species is endemic to Sulawesi, but Iskandar & Colijn (2001) and Koch (2012) include Sangir Island in the distribution, but without reference to vouchers. Confirmation is therefore needed.
Distribution: Indonesia (Sulawesi).


Rhabdophis ceylonensis

Sri Lanka Keelback, (Sri Lankan Blossom Krait)

Srilankanische Kielnatter

Srilankansk Kølsnog

1858 Tropidonotus chrysargus ceylonensis Günther
Tropidonotus ceylonensis Günther 1964
Rhabdophis ceylonensis Wall 1921
Balanophis ceylonensis Smith 1938

Distribution: Sri Lanka.


Rhabdophis chiwen

Chiwen Keelback

Chiwen-Kielnatter

Chiwen-kølsnog

2020 Rhabdophis chiwen Piao, Chen, Wu, Shi, Takeuchi, Jono, Fukuda, Mori, Tang, Chen & Ding

Distribution: China (Sichuan).





Rhabdophis chrysargoides

Javanese Keelback, (Sahul Keelback, Günther's Keelback)

Java-Kielnatter

Java-kølsnog

1858 Tropidonotus chrysargoides Günther
Amphiesma chrysargoides Jan 1863
Natrix chrysargoides Barbour 1912
Rhabdophis chrysargoides Malnate 1960

Remarks: Previously included callistus. According to Iskandar & Colijn (2001), chrysargoides is restricted to Java, but some authors (e.g., Lang & Vogel 2005; Koch 2012) have also included Buton, Muna, Sangir Islands and Sulawesi, but the status of these populations is uncertain. Moreover, Zhu, Wang, Takeuchi & Zhao (2014) listed a voucher from Palawan, Philippines, however, this record is regarded herein as questionable, since no other references seem to confirm the presence of chrysargoides in the Philippines. See further remarks under chrysargos.
Distribution: Indonesia (Buton, Java, Muna, Sangir Islands, Sulawesi).


Rhabdophis chrysargos

Speckled-bellied Keelback, Speckled Keelback, Spotted Keelback, (Schlegel's Keelback)

Gefleckte Kielnatter, Gefleckte Wassernatter

Spættet Kølsnog

1827 Tropidonotus chrysargus Boie (nomen nudum; David & Vogel 1996; Iskandar & Colijn 2001)
Amphiesma chrysargum Duméril & Bibron 1854
Natrix chrysarga Stejneger 1907
Rhabdophis chrysargus Wall 1923
1837 Tropidonotus chrysargos Schlegel
Amphiesma chrysargos Jan 1861
Rhabdophis chrysargos David & Vogel 1996
1858 Tropidonotus junceus Cantor (Smith 1943)
Tropidonotus chrysargus juncea Boettger 1887
1854 Leptophis albomaculatus Duméril, Bibron & Duméril (Golay & al. 1993)

Remarks: Records from China refer to adleri or callichroma (see remarks under those species). Presence in Sulawesi and nearby islands has been questioned, since only a few voucher specimens are available from the island, and since chrysargos may have been confused with chrysargoides (Lang & Vogel 2005; Koch 2012). All records of chrysargos from Sulawesi and nearby islands are here tentatively considered to represent chrysargoides, pending further studies. Specific epithet is chrysargos, not chrysargus, and the author is Schlegel 1837, not Boie 1827, as often seen (see above or David & Vogel 1996).
Distribution: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia (Anambas Islands, Bali, Bawean Islands, Java, Kalimantan, Nias, Penida, Siberut, Simeulue, Sipura, Sumatra), Laos, Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak, West Malaysia [incl. Langkawi Archipelago, Seribuat Archipelago (incl. Tioman)]), Myanmar, Philippines (Balabac, Calamian Islands [Busuanga, Culion], Dumaran, Palawan), Thailand, Vietnam.


Rhabdophis chrysargos
© Henrik Bringsøe

Rhabdophis confusus

Hainan Keelback

Hainan-Kielnatter

Hainan-kølsnog

2021 Rhabdophis confusus David & Vogel

Distribution: China (Hainan).





Rhabdophis conspicillatus

Red-bellied Keelback

Rotbauch-Kielnatter

Rødbuget Kølsnog

1872 Tropidonotus conspicillatus Günther
Elaphis conspicillatus Müller 1885
Natrix conspicillata Barbour 1912
Amphiesma conspicillata Malnate 1960
Rhabdophis conspicillatus Malnate & Underwood 1988

Distribution: Indonesia (Kalimantan, Lingga Islands, Natuna Islands, Sumatra), Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak, West Malaysia), Thailand.


Rhabdophis flaviceps

Orange-necked Keelback, Orange-lipped Keelback, Yellow-headed Keelback, Red-headed Keelback

Gelbköpfige Kapuzen-Kielnatter

Gulhovedet Hættekølsnog

1854 Amphiesma flaviceps Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril
Tropidonotus flaviceps Günther 1972
Macropisthodon flaviceps Boulenger 1893
Rhabdophis flaviceps Takeuchi, Savitzky, Ding, Silva, Das, Nguyen, Tsai, Jono, Zhu, Mahaulpatha, Tang & Mori 2018
1858 Amphiesma lindmani Bleeker (Iskandar & Colijn 2001)
1864 Tropidonotus leucomelas Günther (Iskandar & Colijn 2001)

Distribution: Indonesia (Bangka, Kalimantan, Nias, Sumatra), Malaysia (Sarawak, West Malaysia [incl. Seribuat Archipelago (incl. Aur)]), Thailand.


Rhabdophis formosanus

Taiwanese Tiger Keelback

Taiwanische Tigernatter

Taiwansk Tigersnog

1931 Natrix tigrina formosana Maki
Rhabdophis tigrinus formosanus Nakamura & Ueno 1963
Rhabdophis formosanus Takeuchi, Ota, Oh & Hikida 2012

Distribution: Taiwan.


Rhabdophis guangdongensis

Guangdong Keelback

Guangdong-Kielnatter

Guangdong-kølsnog

2014 Rhabdophis guangdongensis Zhu, Wang, Takeuchi & Zhao

Distribution: China (Guangdong).


Rhabdophis helleri

Northern Red-necked Keelback

Nördliche Rothals-Kielnatter

Nordlig Rødhalset Kølsnog

1925 Natrix helleri Schmidt
Natrix subminiata helleri Fan 1931
Rhabdophis subminiata helleri Pope 1935
Rhabdophis helleri David & Vogel 2021

Remarks: Previously regarded as a subspecies of subminiatus (e.g., Smith 1943). Revalidated as a separate species by David & Vogel (2021). A record from Shanxi (Guo, Wang & Lian 2002, as subminiatus) is regarded as doubtful.
Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hong Kong, Sichuan, Yunnan), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Sikkim, Tripura, West Bengal), Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam (incl. Cat Ba Island).


Rhabdophis helleri
© Henrik Bringsøe

Rhabdophis himalayanus

Common Himalayan Keelback, (Himalayan Keelback)

Gewöhnliche Himalaya-Kielnatter

Almindelig Himalaya-kølsnog

1864 Tropidonotus himalayanus Günther
Macropisthodon himalayanus Annandale 1904
Rhabdophis himalayanus Wall 1923
Natrix himalayanus Smith 1938
1908 Tropidonotus himalayanus ornatus Wall (Smith 1943)
1925 Natrix speciosus Wall (Smith 1943)

Remarks: Previously included the populations now assigned to bindi. Records from Bangladesh, Mizoram, and Tripura are regarded as representing bindi. Reports from Laos (e.g., Deuve 1970; Uetz & Hallerman 2007; Teynié & David 2010) are based on the former subspecies laobaoensis, now considered a synonym of siamensis (Bain & Hurley 2011).
Distribution: Bhutan, China (Tibet, Yunnan), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal), Myanmar, Nepal.


Rhabdophis hmongorum

Fansipan Keelback, H'mong Keelback

Fansipan-Kielnatter

Fansipan-kølsnog

2023 Rhabdophis hmongorum Kane, Tapley, La & Nguyen

Distribution: Vietnam.





Rhabdophis kaiyuanensis

Kaiyuan Keelback

Kaiyuan-Kielnatter

Kaiyuan-kølsnog

2023 Rhabdophis kaiyuanensis Qin, Bin, Xinhong, Yangmei & Peng

Distribution: China (Yunnan).





Rhabdophis lateralis

Chinese Tiger Keelback

Chinesische Tigernatter

Kinesisk Tigersnog

1859 Tropidonotus lateralis Berthold
Natrix tigrina lateralis Stejneger 1907
Rhabdophis tigrina lateralis Zhao & Jiang 1986
Rhabdophis lateralis Takeuchi, Ota, Oh & Hikida 2012
1861 Tropidonotus orientalis Günther (Zhao & Adler 1993)
1970 Rhabdophis tigrina multiventralis Stewart (David & Ineich 1999)

Remarks: Previously regarded as a subspecies of tigrinus (e.g., Paik & Yang 1986; Zhao & Adler 1993). Revalidated by Takeuchi, Ota, Oh & Hikida (2012).
Distribution: China (Anhui, Beijing, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Inner Mongolia, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan, Zhejiang), North Korea, Russia, South Korea.


Rhabdophis leonardi

Burmese Mountain Keelback, (Leonard's Keelback)

Burmesische Gebirgs-Kielnatter

Burmesisk Bjerg-kølsnog

1923 Natrix leonardi Wall
Natrix swinhonis leonardi Mell 1931
Rhabdophis leonardi Jiang & Zhao 1983
1931 Natrix swinhonis reducta Mell "1929" (Zhao & Adler 1993)

Remarks: Previously regarded as a synonym of nuchalis (e.g., Smith 1943).
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan), Laos, Myanmar.


Rhabdophis lineatus

Philippine Striped Keelback, Zigzag-lined Keelback

Philippinische Gestreifte Kielnatter

Filippinsk Stribet Kølsnog

1861 Tropidonotus lineatus Peters
Natrix lineata Griffin 1911
Rhabdophis lineata Malnate 1960

Distribution: Philippines (Biliran, Bohol, Dinagat, Leyte, Mindanao, Samar, Sulu Islands [Basilan]).


Rhabdophis murudensis

Fire-lipped Keelback, Mount Murud Keelback, Gunung Murud Keelback

Rotlippen-Kielnatter

Rødlæbet Kølsnog

1925 Natrix murudensis Smith
Rhabdophis murudensis Malnate 1960

Distribution: Malaysia, (Sabah, Sarawak).


Rhabdophis nigrocinctus

Black-banded Keelback, Banded Keelback, (Green Keelback)

Schwarzgebänderte Kielnatter, Schwarzgebänderte Wassernatter

Sortbåndet Kølsnog

1856 Tropidonotus nigrocinctus Blyth
Rhabdophis nigrocinctus Wall 1923
Natrix nigrocinctus Smith 1922
1925 Pseudoxenodon fruhstorfei Werner (Smith 1943)
1916 Tropidonotus eisenhoferi Gyldenstolpe (Smith 1943)

Distribution: Cambodia, China (Guangdong, Yunnan), Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam.


Rhabdophis nuchalis

Collared Keelback, Groove-necked Keelback, Hubei Keelback, (Green Keelback)

Halsband-Kielnatter

Halsbånd-kølsnog

1891 Tropidonotus nuchalis Boulenger
Natrix nuchalis Parker 1925
Natrix swinhonis nuchalis Mell 1931
Nuchisulcophis nuchalis Mahendra 1984
Rhabdophis nuchalis Malnate 1960
1923 Natrix leonardi Wall (Smith 1943)
Natrix swinhonis leonardi Bourret 1936
1925 Natrix nivalis Schmidt (Smith 1943)
1927 Natrix nuchalis collaris Vogt (Smith 1943)
Natrix swinhonis collaris Deuve 1970

Remarks: Previously included pentasupralabialis. A record from Himachal Pradesh (Agrawal 1979) is regarded as doubtful, being far from the nearest other records of the species. Whitaker & Captain (2004) did not list nuchalis as an Indian species, but it was subsequently reported from Nagaland (Ahmed & Das 2006; Dasgupta & Raha 2006). Presence in Hong Kong needs confirmation, since there is only a single record (Karsen, Lau & Bogadek 1998). Lau, Guo, Zhou & Rao (2012) did not include Hong Kong in the distribution.
Distribution: China (Chongqing, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan), India (Nagaland), Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam.


Rhabdophis pentasupralabialis

Mount Gongga Keelback

Gongga-Kielnatter

Gongga-kølsnog

1983 Rhabdophis nuchalis pentasupralabialis Jiang & Zhao
Rhabdophis pentasupralabialis Zhao 1995

Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan).


Rhabdophis plumbicolor

Green Keelback, (Olive Keelback)

Grüne Kapuzen-Kielnatter

Grøn Hættekølsnog

1839 Tropidonotus plumbicolor Cantor
Macropisthodon plumbicolor Boulenger 1893
Rhabdophis plumbicolor Takeuchi, Savitzky, Ding, Silva, Das, Nguyen, Tsai, Jono, Zhu, Mahaulpatha, Tang & Mori 2018
1853 Trigonocephalus ellioti Jerdon (Smith 1943)
1854 Xenodon viridis Duméril & Bibron (Smith 1943)
1865 Amphiesma brachyurum Jan (Smith 1943)
1955 Macropisthodon plumbicolor palabariya Deraniyagala

Other common names:
plumbicolor: Indian Green Keelback
Distribution: Bangladesh, India (Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand), Myanmar, Sri Lanka.


Rhabdophis rhodomelas

Blue-necked Keelback, Blue-necked Water Snake

Blaunacken-Kielnatter, Blaunacken-Wassernatter

Blåhalset Hættekølsnog

1827 Tropidonotus Rhodomelas Boie
Amphiesma rhodomelas Duméril & Bibron 1854
Xenodon rhodomelas Günther 1858
Macropisthodon rhodomelas Boulenger 1893
Rhabdophis rhodomelas Takeuchi, Savitzky, Ding, Silva, Das, Nguyen, Tsai, Jono, Zhu, Mahaulpatha, Tang & Mori 2018

Remarks: Reports from Sulawesi are considered doubtful (Koch 2012).
Distribution: Indonesia (Bangka, Java, Kalimantan, Natuna Islands, Sumatra), Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak, West Malaysia), Singapore, Thailand.


Rhabdophis siamensis

Siamese Red-necked Keelback

Siamesiche Rothals-Kielnatter

Siamesisk Rødhalset Kølsnog

1931 Natrix subminiata siamensis Mell
Rhabdophis subminiatus siamensis Deuve 1970
Rhabdophis siamensis David & Vogel 2021
1934 Natrix laobaoensis Bourret (David & Vogel 2021)
Rhabdophis himalayanus laobaoensis Bourret 1936

Remarks: Previously regarded as a synonym of subminiatus (e.g., Taylor 1965). Raised to species status by David & Vogel (2021). Present in the past, but not confirmed recently from Singapore (Baker & Lim 2008, as subminiatus).
Extinct in: Singapore.
Distribution: Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia (West Malaysia), Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam.


Rhabdophis siamensis
© Rune Midtgaard

Rhabdophis subminiatus

Southern Red-necked Keelback

Südlicher Rothals-Kielnatter, Rothals-Wassernatter

Sydlig Rødhalset Kølsnog

1837 Tropidonotus subminiatus Schlegel
Rhabdophis subminiatus Fitzinger 1843
Amphiesma subminiatum Duméril, Bibron & Duméril 1854
Natrix subminiata Barbour 1912
1873 Tropidonotus manadensis Günther (David & Vogel 2021)
1899 Pseudoxenodon intermedius Lönnberg (David & Vogel 2021)
1931 Natrix subminiata hongkongensis Mell [1929] (David & Vogel 2021)

Remarks: Previously included helleri, siamensis, and the population now assigned to confusus. Presence in Sulawesi needs confirmation, since only a single voucher specimen is available from the island (De Lang & Vogel 2005). Although reported from Borneo by several authors (e.g., De Rooij 1917; Haas 1950; Haile 1959; Stuebing 1991; Iskandar & Colijn 2001; Iskandar 2004; Das 2006, 2010), it is not included for the island herein, following Stuebing, Inger & Lardner (2014) and David & Vogel (2021), who did not regard subminiatus as a Bornean species.
Distribution: Indonesia (Java, Kambangan, Nias, Sumatra).


Rhabdophis swinhonis

Taiwanese Black-necked Keelback, (Swinhoe's Keelback)

Taiwanische Schwarzhals-Kielnatter

Taiwansk Sorthalset Snog

1868 Tropidonotus Swinhonis Günther
Natrix swinhonis Stejneger 1907
Rhabdophis swinhonis Malnate 1960
1888 Tropidonotus swinhoei Boettger (Golay & al. 1993)

Distribution: Taiwan.


Rhabdophis tigrinus

Japanese Tiger Keelback, Japanese Keelback, Asian Tiger Snake, Chinese Tiger Snake, Yamakagashi, (Red-sided Water Snake)

Japanische Tigernatter, Tiger-Wassernatter

Japansk Tigersnog

1826 Tropidonotus tigrinus Boie
Amphiesma tigrinum Duméril, Bibron & Duméril 1854
Natrix tigrina Stejneger 1907
Rhabdophis tigrina Malnate 1960

Remarks: Previously included formosanus and lateralis. Records from outside Japan refer to these species.
Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, Ryukyu Islands [Satsunan Islands]).