Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk).
Latest update: December 31st, 2022.
 
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Genus
Agkistrodon
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American Copperheads, Cottonmouths, and Cantils
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Amerikanische Mokassinottern, Dreieckskopfottern, Dreiecksköpfe
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Mokkasinslanger
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1799 |  |
Agkistrodon Palisot de Beauvois (type species: Agkistrodon mokasen Beauvois de Palisot 1799) |
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1801 | |
Scytale Latreille in Sonnini & Latreille [not Scytale Gronovius 1763 (Boidae)] (type species: Boa contortrix Linnaeus 1766) |
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1803 | |
Cenchris Daudin (type species: Cenchris mokeson Daudin 1803) |
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1813 | |
Scytalus Fischer [emendation of Scytalus Latreille in Sonnini & Latreille 1801] |
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1826 | |
Tisiphone Fitzinger [not Tisiphone Huebner 1819 (Insecta)] (type species: Scytalus cupreus Rafinesque 1818) |
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1830 | |
Ancistrodon Wagler [emendation of Agkistrodon Palisot de Beauvois 1799] |
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1836 | |
Acontias Troost [not Acontias Cuvier 1817 (Sauria)] (type species: Crotalus piscivorus Lacepede 1789) |
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1836 | |
Toxicophis Troost [substitute name for Acontias Troost 1836] |
Contents:
8 species, of which 4 (50.0%) are endemic.
Endemism: 0%  100%
Remarks:
Previously included the species now placed in
Calloselasma,
Deinagkistrodon,
Gloydius, and
Hypnale.
Distribution:
North America, Central America.
Reported from:
Belize,
Costa Rica,
El Salvador,
Guatemala,
Honduras,
Mexico
(Campeche,
Chiapas,
Chihuahua,
Coahuila,
Colima,
Guerrero,
Hidalgo,
Jalisco,
Michoacan,
Morelos,
Nayarit
[incl.
Islas Marias
(Maria Madre,
Maria Magdalena)],
Nuevo Leon,
Oaxaca,
Puebla,
Queretaro,
Quintana Roo,
San Luis Potosi,
Sinaloa,
Sonora,
Tabasco,
Tamaulipas,
Veracruz,
Yucatan),
Nicaragua,
USA
(Alabama,
Arkansas,
Connecticut,
Delaware,
Florida,
Georgia,
Illinois,
Indiana,
Iowa,
Kansas,
Kentucky,
Louisiana,
Maryland,
Massachusetts,
Mississippi,
Missouri,
Nebraska,
New Jersey,
New York,
North Carolina,
Ohio,
Oklahoma,
Pennsylvania,
South Carolina,
Tennessee,
Texas,
Virginia,
Washington, D.C.,
West Virginia).
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Agkistrodon bilineatus
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Western Cantil, (Mexican Moccasin, Tropical Moccasin, Common Cantil)
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Westmexikanische Mokassinotter
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Vestmexicansk Mokkasinslange
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1863 | |
Ancistrodon bilineatus Günther |
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Trigonocephalus bilineatus Müller 1878 |
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1954 | |
Trigonocephalus specialis Recinos (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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2001 | |
Agkistrodon bilineatus lemosespinali Smith & Chiszar (Bryson & Mendoza-Quijano 2007) |
Other common names:
bilineatus: Common Cantil, Mexican Cantil
lemosespinali: Lemos-Espinal's Cantil
Remarks:
Previously included howardgloydi and russeolus.
Records of from coastal Veracruz refer to lemosespinali, a taxon of uncertain status, which is here considered a synonym of bilineatus, following Bryson & Mendoza-Quijano (2007).
Not listed for the state by Torres-Hernandez, Ramirez-Bautista, Cruz-Elizalde, Hernandez-Salinas, Berriozabal-Islas, DeSantis, Johnson, Rocha, Garcia-Padilla, Mata-Silva, Fucsko & Wilson (2021).
Distribution:
El Salvador,
Guatemala,
Honduras,
Mexico
(Chiapas,
Chihuahua,
Colima,
Guerrero,
Jalisco,
Michoacan,
Morelos,
Nayarit
[incl.
Islas Marias
(Maria Madre,
Maria Magdalena)],
Oaxaca,
Puebla,
Sinaloa,
Sonora,
Veracruz).
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Agkistrodon bilineatus
© Rune Midtgaard
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Agkistrodon conanti
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Florida Cottonmouth
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Florida-Wassermokassinotter
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Florida-vandmokkasin
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1969 | |
Agkistrodon piscivorus conanti Gloyd |
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Agkistrodon conanti Burbrink & Guiher 2015 |
Distribution:
USA
(Alabama,
Florida,
Georgia).
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Agkistrodon contortrix
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Eastern Copperhead, (American Copperhead)
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Östlicher Kupferkopf, (Nordamerikanischer Kupferkopf)
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Østlig Kobberhoved, (Amerikansk Kobberhoved)
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1766 | |
Boa contortrix Linnaeus |
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Scytale contortrix Sonnini & Latreille 1801-02 |
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Trigonocephalus contortrix Holbrook 1838 |
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Cenchris contortrix Gray 1842 |
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Agkistrodon contortrix Baird & Girard 1853 |
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Ancistrodon contortrix Baird 1854 |
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1799 | |
Agkistrodon mokasen Palisot de Beauvois (Burbrink & Guiher 2015) |
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Ancistrodon mokasen Brown 1908 |
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1803 | |
Cenchris mokeson Daudin (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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Scytale mockeson [sic] Say 1819 |
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Agkistrodon mokeson Gloyd & Conant 1943 |
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Agkistrodon contortrix mokeson Klauber 1948 |
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Ancistrodon contortrix mokeson Schmidt 1953 |
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1818 | |
Scytale Cupreus Rafinesque (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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Tisiphone cuprea Fitzinger 1826 |
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Agkistrodon mokasen cupreus Gloyd & Conant 1938 |
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1827 | |
Cenchris marmorata Boie (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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1836 | |
Acontias atro-fuscus Troost (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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Toxicophas atrofuscus Troost 1836 |
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Trigonocephalus atrofuscus Holbrook 1842 |
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Ancistrodon atrofuscus Cope 1875 |
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Ancistrodon contortrix atrofuscus Garman 1884 |
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1837 | |
Trigonocephalus cenchris Schlegel (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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1853 | |
Trigonocephalus histrionicus Duméril (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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1943 | |
Agkistrodon mokeson austrinus Gloyd & Conant (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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1969 | |
Agkistrodon contortrix phaeogaster Gloyd [part] (Burbrink & Guiher 2015) |
Other common names:
contortrix: Southern Copperhead
mokasen: Northern Copperhead
phaeogaster: Osage Copperhead
Remarks:
Previously included laticinctus.
Distribution:
USA
(Alabama,
Arkansas,
Connecticut,
Delaware,
Florida,
Georgia,
Illinois,
Indiana,
Iowa,
Kansas,
Kentucky,
Louisiana,
Maryland,
Massachusetts,
Mississippi,
Missouri,
Nebraska,
New Jersey,
New York,
North Carolina,
Ohio,
Oklahoma,
Pennsylvania,
South Carolina,
Tennessee,
Texas,
Virginia,
Washington, D.C.,
West Virginia).
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Agkistrodon contortrix
© Rune Midtgaard
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Agkistrodon howardgloydi
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Southern Cantil, Castellana
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Südliche Mokassinotter
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Centralamerikansk Mokkasinslange
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1984 | |
Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi Conant |
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Agkistrodon howardgloydi Porras, Wilson, Schuett & Reiserer 2013 |
Distribution:
Costa Rica,
Honduras,
Nicaragua.
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Agkistrodon laticinctus
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Broad-banded Copperhead
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Breitband-Kupferkopf
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Bredbåndet Kobberhoved
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1934 | |
Agkistrodon mokasen laticinctus Gloyd & Conant |
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Agkistrodon mokeson laticinctus Gloyd & Conant 1943 |
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Agkistrodon contortrix laticinctus Klauber 1948 |
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Ancistrodon contortrix laticinctus Schmidt 1953 |
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Agkistrodon laticinctus Burbrink & Guiher 2015 |
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1943 | |
Agkistrodon mokeson pictigaster Gloyd & Conant |
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Agkistrodon contortrix pictigaster Klauber 1948 |
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Ancistrodon contortrix pictigaster Schmidt 1953 |
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1969 | |
Agkistrodon contortrix phaeogaster Gloyd [part] (Burbrink & Guiher 2015) |
Other common names:
phaeogaster: Osage Copperhead
pictigaster: Trans-Pecos Copperhead
Remarks:
Previously included regarded as a subspecies of contortrix.
Distribution:
Mexico
(Chihuahua,
Coahuila),
USA
(Kansas,
Oklahoma,
Texas).
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Agkistrodon laticinctus
© Rune Midtgaard
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Agkistrodon piscivorus
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Northern Cottonmouth, Water Moccasin
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Nördliche Wassermokassinotter, Wassermokasinschlange
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Nordlig Vandmokkasin, Vandmokkasinslange
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1789 | |
Crotalus piscivorus Lacepede |
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Scytale piscivora Sonnini & Latreille 1801-02 |
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Coluber piscivorus Merrem 1820 |
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Trigonocephalus piscivorus Holbrook 1838 |
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Cenchris piscivorus Gray 1842 |
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Toxicophis piscivorus Baird & Girard 1853 |
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Ancistrodon piscivorus Cope 1860 |
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Vipera cenchris piscivorus Higgins 1873 |
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Agkistrodon piscivorus Garman 1890 |
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1790 | |
Crotalus Aquaticus Bonnaterre (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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Coluber aquaticus Shaw 1802 |
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1802 | |
Coluber Tisiphone Shaw (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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Trigonocephalus tisiphone Duméril, Bibron & Duméril 1854 |
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1836 | |
Acontias leucostoma Troost |
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Toxicophis leucostoma Troost 1836 |
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Agkistrodon piscivorus leucostoma Gloyd & Conant 1943 |
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1853 | |
Toxicophis pugnax Baird & Girard (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
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Ancistrodon pugnax Cope 1860 |
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Ancistrodon piscivorus pugnax Yarrow 1883 |
Other common names:
leucostoma: Western Cottonmouth
piscivorus: Eastern Cottonmouth
Remarks:
Previously included conanti.
Although piscivorus was published in an unavailable work, the specific epithet piscivorus has been conserved
(International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1987: Opinion 1463).
Distribution:
USA
(Alabama,
Arkansas,
Georgia,
Illinois,
Indiana,
Kansas,
Kentucky,
Louisiana,
Mississippi,
Missouri,
North Carolina,
Oklahoma,
South Carolina,
Tennessee,
Texas,
Virginia).
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Agkistrodon piscivorus
© Rune Midtgaard
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Agkistrodon russeolus
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Yucatan Cantil, Yucatecan Cantil
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Yucatan-Mokassinotter
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Yucatan-mokkasinslange
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1972 | |
Agkistrodon bilineatus russeolus Gloyd |
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Agkistrodon russeolus Porras, Wilson, Schuett & Reiserer 2013 |
Distribution:
Belize,
Guatemala,
Mexico
(Campeche,
Quintana Roo,
Tabasco,
Yucatan).
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Agkistrodon taylori
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Ornate Cantil, (Taylor’s Cantil)
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Schmuck-Mokassinotter
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Pragtmokkasinslange
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1951 | |
Agkistrodon bilineatus taylori Burger & Robertson |
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Agkistrodon taylori Parkinson, Zamudio & Greene 2000 |
Remarks:
Campbell & Lamar (2004) regarded Agkistrodon bilineatus lemosespinali as a synonym of taylori. Following Bryson & Mendoza-Quijano (2007) it is here treated as part of bilineatus, as in the original description. Records of from coastal Veracruz refer to lemosespinali (=bilineatus).
Distribution:
Mexico
(Hidalgo,
Nuevo Leon,
Queretaro,
San Luis Potosi,
Tamaulipas,
Veracruz).
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Agkistrodon taylori
© Rune Midtgaard
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