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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk).
Latest update: July 9th, 2024.


Taxonomy of the family Viperidae
Bibliography of the genus Protobothrops
Biodiversity of the family Viperidae








Genus
Protobothrops

Habus and allies

Habus u.a.

Habuer m.fl.

1983 Protobothrops Hoge & Romano-Hoge (type species: Bothrops flavoviridis Hallowell 1861)
2001 Triceratolepidophis Ziegler, Herrmann, David, Orlov & Pauwels 2000 (type species: Triceratolepidophis sieversorum Ziegler, Herrmann, David, Orlov & Pauwels 2001; syn. Gou, Malhotra, Li, Pook & Creer 2007)
2003 Ceratrimeresurus Liang & Liu (type species: Ceratrimeresurus shenlii Liang & Liu 2003; syn. David, Tong, Vogel & Tian 2008)
Contents: 14 species, of which 6 (42.9%) are endemic.
Endemism: 0% 100%
Remarks: Some authors include Zhaoermia mangshanensis in this genus. The species of this genus (except sieversorum) were previously included in Trimeresurus (e.g., McDiarmid, Campbell & Touré 1999). Some authors still place sieversorum in its own genus, Triceratolepidophis (e.g., Teynié & David 2010).
Distribution: C. and E. Asia.
Reported from: Bangladesh, Bhutan, China (Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan, Zhejiang), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim), Japan (Ryukyu Islands [Okinawa Islands, Sakishima Islands (incl. Yaeyama Islands), Satsunan Islands (incl. Amami Islands [incl. Tokunoshima]), Tokara Islands]), Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam (incl. Cat Ba Island).

Protobothrops cornutus

Horned Tree Pitviper, Horned Pitviper, Fan-Si-Pan Horned Pitviper, (Smith's Horned Pitviper)

Gehörnte Grubenotter

Hornet Træhugorm

1930 Trimeresurus cornutus Smith
Protobothrops cornutus Herrmann, Ziegler, Malhotra, Thorpe & Parkinson 2004
2003 Ceratrimeresurus shenlii Liang & Liu (David, Tong, Vogel & Tian 2008)

Remarks: Gong, Hitschfeld, Hundsdörfer, Auer, Wang, Zhou & Fritz (2011) suggested that shenlii may represent a valid species.
Distribution: China (Guangdong), Vietnam.


Protobothrops dabieshanensis

Dabie Mountains Pitviper

Dabie-Grubenotter

Dabie-lanseslange

2012 Protobothrops dabieshanensis Huang, Pan, Han, Zhang, Hou, Yu, Zheng & Zhang

Remarks: Zhang, Huang, Pan, Zhang, Zhou, Song & Han (2013) confirmed the validity of dabieshanensis.
Distribution: China (Anhui).


Protobothrops elegans

Elegant Pitviper, Sakishima Habu

Sakishima-Habu

Sakishima-habu

1849 Craspedocephalus elegans Gray
Trimeresurus elegans Stejneger 1907
Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus elegans Mell 1929
Protobothrops elegans Kraus, Mink & Brown 1996

Introduced to: Japan (Ryukyu Islands: Okinawa Islands).
Distribution: Japan (Ryukyu Islands [incl. Sakishima Islands (incl. Yaeyama Islands)]).


Protobothrops flavoviridis

Common Habu, Yellow-green Pitviper

Gelbgrüne Habu, Habu-Schlange

Gulgrøn Habu, (Habu)

1861 Bothrops flavoviridis Hallowell "1860"
Trimeresurus flavoviridis Boulenger 1890
Lachesis flavoviridis Boulenger 1896
Protobothrops flavoviridis Hoge & Romano-Hoge 1983
1880 Trimeresurus riukiuanus Hilgendorf (Golay & al. 1993)
1955 Trimeresurus flavoviridis tinkhami Gloyd (Golay & al. 1993)

Other common names:
flavoviridis: Okinawan Habu
tinkhami: Kume Shima Habu
Distribution: Japan (Ryukyu Islands [Okinawa Islands, Satsunan Islands (incl. Amami Islands [incl. Tokunoshima])]).


Protobothrops himalayanus

Himalayan Habu, (Himalayan Pitviper)

Himalaya-Habu

Himalaya-habu

2013 Protobothrops himalayanus Pan, Chettri, Yang, Jiang, Wang, Zhang & Vogel

Distribution: Bhutan, China (Tibet), India (Sikkim).


Protobothrops jerdonii

Spotted Mountain Pitviper, (Jerdon's Mountain Pitviper, Jerdon’s Pitviper, Oriental Pitviper)

Gefleckte Berggrubenotter

Plettet Bjerglanseslange

1875 Trimeresurus jerdonii Günther
Lachesis jerdonii Boulenger 1890
Protobothrops jerdonii Hoge & Romano-Hoge 1983
1889 Trimeresurus xanthomelas Günther
Trimeresurus jerdonii xanthomelas Mell 1931
Protobothrops jerdonii xanthomelas Welch 1988
1922 Lachesis melli Vogt (Golay & al. 1993)
Trimeresurus jerdonii melli Mell 1931
1935 Trimeresurus jerdonii meridionalis Bourret [not Trimeresurus monticola meridionalis Bourret 1935] (Golay & al. 1993)
Protobothrops jerdonii meridionalis Welch 1988
1963 Trimeresurus jerdonii bourreti Klemmer [substitute name for Trimeresurus jerdonii meridionalis Bourret 1935]
Protobothrops jerdonii bourreti Welch 1988

Other common names:
tinkhami: Bourret’s Pitviper
xanthomelas: Red-spotted Pitviper
Distribution: Bhutan, China (Chongqing, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland), Myanmar, Nepal, Vietnam.


Protobothrops jerdonii
© Rune Midtgaard

Protobothrops kaulbacki

Burmese Lance-headed Pitviper, (Kaulback’s Lance-headed Pitviper, Kaulback’s Pitviper)

Kaulbacks Grubenotter

Burmesisk Lanseslange

1940 Trimeresurus kaulbacki Smith
Protobothrops kaulbacki Kraus, Mink & Brown 1996

Distribution: Bhutan, China (Tibet), India (Arunachal Pradesh), Myanmar.


Protobothrops kelomohy

Omkoi Lance-headed Pitviper

Omkoi-Grubenotter

Omkoi-lanseslange

2020 Protobothrops kelomohy Sumontha, Vasaruchapong, Chomngam, Suntrarachun, Pawangkhanant, Sompan, Smits, Kunya & Chanhome

Distribution: Thailand.





Protobothrops maolanensis

Maolan Pitviper

Maolan-Grubenotter

Maolan-lanseslange

2011 Protobothrops maolanensis Yang, Orlov & Wang

Remarks: Liu, Myers, Zhong, Hu, Zhao & Guo (2012) confirmed the validity of maolanensis.
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou), Vietnam.


Protobothrops mucrosquamatus

Brown-spotted Pitviper, Chinese Habu, Pointed-scaled Pitviper, Taiwan Habu

Chinesischer Habu, Taiwanesische Habuschlange

Brunplettet Lanseslange

1839 Trigonocephalus mucrosquamatus Cantor
Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus Günther 1864
Lachesis mucrosquamatus Boulenger 1896
Protobothrops mucrosquamatus Hoge & Romano-Hoge 1983

Introduced to: Japan.
Distribution: Bangladesh, China (Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland), Laos, Myanmar, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam (incl. Cat Ba Island).


Protobothrops sieversorum

Three-horned Pitviper, Three-horned-scaled Pitviper

Dreihornschuppen-Grubenotter

Trehornet Lanseslange

2001 Triceratolepidophis sieversorum Ziegler, Herrmann, David, Orlov & Pauwels "2000"
Protobothrops sieversorum Gou, Malhotra, Li, Pook & Creer 2007

Remarks: Some authors still place this species in its own genus, Triceratolepidophis (e.g., Teynié & David 2010).
Distribution: Laos, Vietnam.


Protobothrops tokarensis

Tokara Habu, Takarashima Habu

Tokara-Habu

Tokara-habu

1928 Trimeresurus tokarensis Nagai
Trimeresurus flavoviridis tokarensis Maki 1931
Protobothrops tokarensis Welch 1988

Distribution: Japan (Ryukyu Islands: Satsunan Islands: Tokara Islands).


Protobothrops trungkhanhensis

Trung Khanh Pitviper

Trung Khanh-Grubenotter

Trung Khanh-lanseslange

2009 Protobothrops trungkhanhensis Orlov, Ryabov & Nguyen

Distribution: China (Guangxi), Vietnam.


Protobothrops xiangchengensis

Kham Plateau Pitviper, Xiangcheng Lance-headed Pitviper

Xiangchen-Grubenotter

Xiangcheng-lanseslange

1978 Trimeresurus xiangchengensis Zhao, Jiang & Huang
Protobothrops xiangchengensis David & Ineich 1999

Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan).