Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk).
Latest update:
August 27th, 2024.
 
|
Genus
Hebius
 |
Oriental Equatorial Keelbacks, Oriental Water Snakes
|
 |
Gebirgswassernattern
|
 |
Ækvatorialasiatiske Kølsnoge
|
|
1913 |  |
Hebius Thompson (type species: Tropidonotus vibakari Boie 1826) |
|
1934 | |
Parahelicops Bourret (type species: Parahelicops annamensis Bourret 1934; syn. Kizirian, Nguyen, Ngo & Le 2018) |
|
1934 | |
Pararhabdophis Bourret (type species: Pararhabdophis chapaensis Bourret 1934; syn. Kizirian, Nguyen, Ngo & Le 2018) |
|
1984 | |
Paranatrix Mahendra (type species: Tropidonotus modestus Günther 1875; syn. Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014) |
Contents:
50 species, of which 27 (54.0%) are endemic.
Endemism: 0%  100%
Remarks:
Previously included in the genus
Amphiesma (e.g., Williams & Wallach 1989; David, Vogel & Pauwels 1999).
Revalidated as a separate genus by Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron (2014).
Distribution:
S. and E. Asia, Malay Archipelago.
Reported from:
Bangladesh,
Bhutan,
Brunei,
Cambodia,
China
(Anhui,
Chongqing,
Fujian,
Gansu,
Guangdong,
Guangxi,
Guizhou,
Hainan,
Heilongjiang,
Henan,
Hong Kong,
Hubei,
Hunan,
Jiangsu,
Jiangxi,
Jilin,
Liaoning,
Shaanxi,
Shanxi,
Sichuan,
Tibet,
Yunnan,
Zhejiang),
India
(Arunachal Pradesh,
Assam,
Goa,
Himachal Pradesh,
Karnataka,
Kerala,
Maharashtra,
Meghalaya,
Mizoram,
Nagaland,
Sikkim,
Tamil Nadu,
West Bengal),
Indonesia
(Buton,
Kalimantan,
Sula Islands
[Sanana],
Sulawesi,
Sumatra),
Japan
(Honshu,
Kyushu,
Shikoku,
Izu Islands,
Ryukyu Islands
[Okinawa Islands,
Sakishima Islands
(incl.
Miyako Islands
[incl.
Miyako],
Yaeyama Islands),
Satsunan Islands
(incl.
Tokunoshima)]),
Laos,
Malaysia
(Sabah,
Sarawak,
West Malaysia),
Myanmar,
Nepal,
North Korea,
Russia,
South Korea,
Taiwan,
Thailand,
Vietnam.
| |
|
Hebius andreae
|
Quang Binh Keelback, (Andrea's Keelback)
|
|
Quang-Binh-Kielnatter
|
|
Quang Binh-kølsnog
|
|
2006 | |
Amphiesma andreae Ziegler & Quyet |
|
| |
Hebius andreae Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
Laos,
Vietnam.
|
|
|
Hebius annamensis
|
Annam Keelback
|
|
Annam-Kielnatter
|
|
Annam-kølsnog
|
|
1934 | |
Parahelicops annamensis Bourret |
|
| |
Opisthotropis annamensis Smith 1943 |
|
| |
Amphiesma annamense Teynié & David 2010 |
|
| |
Hebius annamensis Kizirian, Nguyen, Ngo & Le 2018 |
Remarks:
Previously placed in a separate genus, Parahelicops, which was synonymized with Hebius by Kizirian, Nguyen, Ngo & Le (2018).
Distribution:
Laos,
Vietnam.
|
|
|
Hebius arquus
|
Arch-lipped Keelback
|
|
Bogenlippen-Kielnatter
|
|
Buelæbet Kølsnog
|
|
2010 | |
Amphiesma arquus David & Vogel |
|
| |
Hebius arquus Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Remarks:
Exact distribution within Borneo unknown, but possibly Kalimantan (Indonesia).
Distribution:
Borneo.
|
|
|
Hebius atemporalis
|
Tonkin Keelback, (Mountain Keelback)
|
|
Tonkin-Kielnatter
|
|
Tonkin-kølsnog
|
|
1934 | |
Natrix atemporalis Bourret |
|
| |
Amphiesma atemporalis Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius atemporale Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
China
(Guangdong,
Guangxi,
Guizhou,
Hong Kong,
Yunnan),
Vietnam.
|
|
|
Hebius bitaeniatus
|
Two-striped Keelback, Kutkai Keelback
|
|
Zweistreifige Kielnatter
|
|
Tostribet Kølsnog
|
|
1925 | |
Natrix bitæniata Wall |
|
| |
Amphiesma bitaeniata Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius bitaeniatum Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of parallelus (e.g., Smith 1943).
Distribution:
China
(Guangdong,
Guangxi,
Guizhou,
Hunan,
Yunnan),
Laos,
Myanmar,
Thailand,
Vietnam.
|
|
|
Hebius boulengeri
|
White-browed Keelback, Tai-yong Keelback, (Boulenger's Keelback)
|
|
Weissbrauen-Kielnatter
|
|
Hvidbrynet Kølsnog
|
|
1937 | |
Natrix boulengeri Gressitt |
|
| |
Amphiesma boulengeri Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius boulengeri Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Remarks:
Previously confused with khasiensis and modestus, and, more rarely, inas and parallelus (David, Vogel & Rooijen 2013).
Distribution:
Cambodia,
China
(Fujian,
Guangdong,
Guangxi,
Guizhou,
Hainan,
Hong Kong,
Hunan,
Jiangxi,
Yunnan),
Laos,
Thailand,
Vietnam.
|
|
|
Hebius celebicus
|
Sulawesi Keelback
|
|
Sulawesi-Kielnatter
|
|
Sulawesi-kølsnog
|
|
1878 | |
Styporhynchus celebicus Peters & Doria |
|
| |
Tropidonotus celebicus Boulenger 1893 |
|
| |
Natrix celebica Barbour 1912 |
|
| |
Amphiesma celebica Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius celebicum Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
Indonesia
(Buton,
Sula Islands
[Sanana],
Sulawesi).
|
|
|
Hebius chapaensis
|
Chapa Flat-nosed Snake, Sapa Flat-nosed Snake
|
|
Chapa-Wassernatter
|
|
Chapa-kølsnog
|
|
1934 | |
Pararhabdophis chapaensis Bourret |
|
| |
Hebius chapaensis Kizirian, Nguyen, Ngo & Le 2018 |
Remarks:
Previously placed in a separate genus, Pararhabdophis, which was synonymized with Hebius by Kizirian, Nguyen, Ngo & Le (2018) and
Ren, Wang, Nguyen, Hoang, Zhong, Jiang, Guo & Li (2018).
Distribution:
China
(Yunnan),
Laos,
Vietnam.
|
|
|
Hebius citrinoventer
|
Yingjiang Keelback
|
|
Yingjiang-Kielnatter
|
|
Yingjiang-kølsnog
|
|
2024 | |
Hebius citrinoventer Xu, Yang, Ouyang, Huang & Peng in Xu, Yang, Gong, Ouyang, Weng, Deng, Huang & Peng |
Distribution:
China
(Yunnan).
|
|
|
Hebius clerki
|
Kachin Keelback
|
|
Kachin-Wassernatter
|
|
Kachin-kølsnog
|
|
1925 | |
Natrix clerki Wall |
|
| |
Amphiesma clerki David, Agarwal, Athreya, Mathew, Vogel & Mistry 2015 |
|
| |
Hebius clerki Midtgaard 2019 (this work) |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of parallelus (e.g., Smith 1943). Revalidated as a separate species by David, Agarwal, Athreya, Mathew, Vogel & Mistry (2015).
Distribution:
Bhutan,
China
(Yunnan),
India
(Arunachal Pradesh,
Nagaland,
Sikkim,
West Bengal),
Myanmar.
|
|
|
Hebius concelarus
|
Miyako Islands Keelback
|
|
Miyako-Kielnatter
|
|
Miyako-kølsnog
|
|
1963 | |
Amphiesma pryeri concelara Malnate |
|
| |
Amphiesma concelarum Ota & Iwanaga 1997 |
|
| |
Hebius concelarum Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
Japan
(Ryukyu Islands:
Sakishima Islands:
Miyako Islands:
Miyako).
|
|
|
Hebius craspedogaster
|
Kuatun Keelback
|
|
Kuatun-Kielnatter
|
|
Kuatun-kølsnog
|
|
1899 | |
Tropidonotus craspedogaster Boulenger |
|
| |
Natrix craspedogaster Stejneger 1907 |
|
| |
Amphiesma craspedogaster Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius craspedogaster Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
|
1922 | |
Tropidonotus gastrotaenia Werner (Zhao & Adler 1993) |
|
1931 | |
Natrix chrysarga chekiangensis Mell (Zhao & Adler 1993) |
Distribution:
China
(Anhui,
Chongqing,
Fujian,
Gansu,
Guangdong,
Guangxi,
Guizhou,
Henan,
Hubei,
Hunan,
Jiangsu,
Jiangxi,
Shaanxi,
Shanxi,
Sichuan,
Tibet,
Yunnan,
Zhejiang),
Vietnam.
|
|
|
Hebius deschauenseei
|
Chiang Mai Keelback, (Northern Keelback, Deschauensee's Keelback)
|
|
Chiang-Mai-Kielnatter
|
|
Chiang Mai-kølsnog
|
|
1934 | |
Natrix deschauenseei Taylor |
|
| |
Macropophis deschauenseei Bourret 1936 |
|
| |
Amphiesma deschauenseei Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius deschauenseei Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of modestus (e.g., Smith 1943).
Records from Vietnam and Yunnan, China, refer to igneus (David, Vogel, Nguyen, Orlov, Pauwels, Teynié & Ziegler 2021).
Distribution:
Thailand.
|
|
|
Hebius flavifrons
|
White-fronted Keelback, White-fronted Water Snake, White-nosed Keelback, (Sabah Keelback)
|
|
Weissstirn-Kielnatter, Weisskopf-Gebirgswassernatter
|
|
Hvidpandet Kølsnog
|
|
1887 | |
Tropidonotus flavifrons Boulenger |
|
| |
Natrix flavifrons Barbour 1912 |
|
| |
Amphiesma flavifrons Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius flavifrons Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
Brunei,
Indonesia
(Kalimantan),
Malaysia
(Sabah,
Sarawak).
|
|
|
Hebius frenatus
|
Bridled Keelback
|
|
Zügel-Kielnatter
|
|
Tøjle-kølsnog
|
|
1923 | |
Natrix frenata Dunn |
|
| |
Amphiesma frenata Stuebing 1991 |
|
| |
Hebius frenatum Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Remarks:
Placed in
Amphiesma on the basis of Stuebing (1991), Manthey & Grossmann (1997), and Das (2006, 2010). Not included in
Amphiesma by David, Vogel & Pauwels (1998).
Distribution:
Malaysia
(Sarawak).
|
|
|
Hebius groundwateri
|
Ranong Keelback, (Groundwater’s Keelback)
|
|
Ranong-Kielnatter
|
|
Ranong-kølsnog
|
|
1922 | |
Natrix groundwateri Smith "1921"?# |
|
| |
Amphiesma groundwateri Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius groundwateri Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
Thailand.
|
|
|
Hebius igneus
|
Fire-backed Keelback
|
|
Feuerfleckige Kielnatter, Feuerfleckige Wassernatter
|
|
Ildrygget Kølsnog
|
|
2021 | |
Hebius igneus David, Vogel, Nguyen, Orlov, Pauwels, Teynié & Ziegler |
Distribution:
China
(Yunnan),
Thailand,
Vietnam.
|
|
|
Hebius inas
|
Malayan Mountain Keelback, Mount Inas Keelback, Gunung Inas Keelback
|
|
Malaiische Kielnatter, Malaiische Gebirgswassernatter
|
|
Malayisk Bjergkølsnog
|
|
1901 | |
Tropidonotus inas Laidlaw |
|
| |
Natrix inas Smith 1930 |
|
| |
Amphiesma inas Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius inas Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Remarks:
A record from Sumatra (Teynié, David & Ohler 2010) was based on the second known specimen of kerinciense (David, Vogel & Rooijen 2013). In Thailand, limited to the peninsular region. Records from north of the Isthmus of Kra refer to boulengeri or khasiensis (David, Vogel & Rooijen 2013).
Distribution:
Malaysia
(West Malaysia),
Thailand.
|
|
|
Hebius ishigakiensis
|
Yaeyama Water Snake
|
|
Yaeyama-Kielnatter
|
|
Yaeyama-kølsnog
|
|
1960 | |
Natrix pryeri ishigakiensis Malnate & Munsterman |
|
| |
Amphiesma pryeri ishigakiensis Welch 1988 |
|
| |
Amphiesma ishigakiense Ota & Iwanaga 1997 |
|
| |
Hebius ishigakiense Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
Japan
(Ryukyu Islands:
Sakishima Islands
[Miyako Islands,
Yaeyama Islands]).
|
|
|
Hebius jingdongensis
|
Jingdong Keelback
|
|
Jingdong-Kielnatter
|
|
Jingdong-kølsnog
|
|
2023 | |
Hebius jingdongensis Ma, Shi, Ayi & Jiang |
Distribution:
China
(Yunnan).
|
|
|
Hebius johannis
|
South Chinese Keelback
|
|
Südchinesische Kielnatter
|
|
Sydkinesisk Kølsnog
|
|
1908 | |
Tropidonotus johannis Boulenger |
|
| |
Natrix johannis Schmidt 1927 |
|
| |
Amphiesma johannis Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius johannis Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
China
(Guizhou,
Sichuan,
Yunnan).
|
|
|
Hebius kerinciensis
|
Kerinchi Keelback, Gunung Kerinchi Keelback
|
|
Kerinchi-Kielnatter
|
|
Kerinchi-kølsnog
|
|
2003 | |
Amphiesma kerinciense David & Das |
|
| |
Hebius kerinciense Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
Indonesia
(Sumatra).
|
|
|
Hebius khasiensis
|
Khasi Hills Keelback
|
|
Khasi-Hills-Kielnatter
|
|
Khasi Hills-kølsnog
|
|
1890 | |
Tropidonotus khasiensis Boulenger |
|
| |
Natrix khasiensis Wall 1923 |
|
| |
Amphiesma khasiensis Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Sinonatrix khasinensis [sic] Murthy 1994 |
|
| |
Hebius khasiense Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
|
1925 | |
Natrix gilhodesi Wall (Smith 1943) |
Remarks:
Regarded as a synonym of modestus by Mahendra (1984). Validity confirmed by David, Vogel & Rooijen (2013). Now restricted to northestern India, Burma, western Yunnan, northern Laos, and northern and western Thailand. Reports from other parts of Laos and Thailand, and from southeastern China, Cambodia, and Vietnam refer to boulengeri (Grismer, Neang, Chav, Wood, Oaks, Holden, Grismer, Szutz & Youmans 2008; David, Vogel & Rooijen 2013). In India, the occurrence of khasiensis in Mizoram, Sikim, and West Bengal was not mentioned by David, Vogel & Rooijen (2013), possibly due to a lack of voucher specimens.
Distribution:
China
(Guangxi,
Tibet,
Yunnan),
India
(Arunachal Pradesh,
Assam,
Meghalaya,
Mizoram,
Nagaland,
Sikkim,
West Bengal),
Laos,
Myanmar,
Thailand.
|
|
|
Hebius lacrima
|
Mourning Keelback, Crying Keelback
|
|
Trauern-Kielnatter
|
|
Sørge-kølsnog
|
|
2019 | |
Hebius lacrima Purkayastha & David |
Remarks:
Reported from China by Wang, Ren, Chen, Lyu, Guo, Jiang, Chen, Li, Guo, Wang & Che (2020), but the species has not actually been recorded from any Chinese-controlled areas.
The inclusion of lacrima in the work above is based on the fact that the distribution of the species is located in the part of Arunachal Pradesh, India, which is claimed by China
and considered part of Tibet by the Chinese government (Kai Wang, pers. comm., January 6th, 2021).
Distribution:
India
(Arunachal Pradesh).
|
|
|
Hebius leucomystax
|
White-lipped Keelback
|
|
Weisslippen-Kielnatter
|
|
Hvidlæbet Kølsnog
|
|
2007 | |
Amphiesma leucomystax David, Bain, Nguyen, Orlov, Vogel, Vu & Ziegler |
|
| |
Hebius leucomystax Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
Cambodia,
Laos,
Thailand,
Vietnam.
|
|
|
Hebius maximus
|
Xiaoyangxi Keelback, Western China Keelback
|
|
Xiaoyangxi-Kielnatter
|
|
Xiaoyangxi-kølsnog
|
|
1962 | |
Amphiesma sauteri maximus Malnate |
|
| |
Hebius maximus Li, Ren, Huang, Lyu, Qi, Jiang, Wang & Li 2022 |
Distribution:
China
(Chongqing,
Guizhou,
Sichuan).
|
|
|
Hebius metusius
|
Sichuan Keelback, Wa Shan Keelback
|
|
Sichuan-Kielnatter
|
|
Sichuan-kølsnog
|
|
1990 | |
Amphiesma metusia Inger, Zhao, Schaffer & Wu |
|
| |
Hebius metusium Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
China
(Sichuan).
|
|
|
Hebius miyajimae
|
Taiwanese Striped Keelback, (Maki's Keelback)
|
|
Taiwanische Gestreifte Kielnatter
|
|
Taiwansk Stribet Kølsnog
|
|
1931 | |
Natrix miyajimae Maki |
|
| |
Amphiesma miyajimae Zhao & Jiang 1986 |
|
| |
Hebius miyajimae Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
Taiwan.
|
|
|
Hebius modestus
|
Modest Keelback, (Günther's Keelback)
|
|
Indische Gebirgs-Kielnatter
|
|
Indisk Bjerg-kølsnog
|
|
1875 | |
Tropidonotus modestus Günther |
|
| |
Nerodia modesta Wall 1923 |
|
| |
Natrix modesta Mell 1929 |
|
| |
Amphiesma modesta Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Paranatrix modesta Mahendra 1984 |
|
| |
Sinonatrix modesta Murthy 1994 |
|
| |
Hebius modestum Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Remarks:
Taxonomic history of this species has been controversial.
Previously confused with boulengeri, deschauenseei, and khasiensis, as well as the population now referred to igneus.
Records from Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam refer to other species (David, Vogel & Rooijen 2013; David, Vogel, Nguyen, Orlov, Pauwels, Teynié & Ziegler 2021).
Status of records from Guizhou, China, is uncertain (David, Vogel, Nguyen, Orlov, Pauwels, Teynié & Ziegler 2021).
Presence in Assam and Nagaland needs confirmation (David, Vogel, Nguyen, Orlov, Pauwels, Teynié & Ziegler 2021).
A record from Himachal Pradesh (Agrawal 1979) is regarded as doubtful.
Distribution:
China
(Yunnan),
India
(Arunachal Pradesh,
Meghalaya,
Mizoram),
Myanmar,
Vietnam.
|
|
|
Hebius nigriventer
|
Black-bellied Keelback
|
|
Schwarzbauch-Kielnatter
|
|
Sortbuget Kølsnog
|
|
1925 | |
Natrix nigriventer Wall |
|
| |
Hebius nigriventer David, Vogel, Nguyen, Orlov, Pauwels, Teynié & Ziegler 2021 |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of venningi (e.g., Smith 1943).
Revalidated as a separate species by David, Vogel, Nguyen, Orlov, Pauwels, Teynié & Ziegler (2021).
Distribution:
China
(Yunnan),
Myanmar.
|
|
|
Hebius octolineatus
|
Eight-striped Keelback
|
|
Achtstreifige Kielnatter
|
|
Ottestribet Kølsnog
|
|
1904 | |
Tropidonotus octolineatus Boulenger |
|
| |
Natrix octolineatus Schmidt 1927 |
|
| |
Amphiesma octolineata Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius octolineatum Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
|
1904 | |
Tropidonotus pleurotænia Boulenger (Zhao & Adler 1993) |
|
1904 | |
Tropidonotus quadrilineatus Boulenger (Zhao & Adler 1993) |
|
1913 | |
Tropidonotus parallelus sublævis Despax (Zhao & Adler 1993) |
|
1932 | |
Natrix nigroreticulata Chang (Zhao & Adler 1993) |
Remarks:
Previously included septemlineatus.
Hou, Yuan, Wei, Zhao, Liu, Wu, Shen, Chen, Guo & Che (2021) only included Yunnan in the distribution.
Distribution:
China
(Guangxi,
Guizhou,
Sichuan,
Yunnan).
|
|
|
Hebius optatus
|
Mount Omei Keelback, Mount Emei Keelback
|
|
Omei-Kielnatter
|
|
Omei-kølsnog
|
|
1966 | |
Natrix optata Hu & Zhao |
|
| |
Amphiesma optata Zhao & Jiang 1986 |
|
| |
Hebius optatum Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
China
(Chongqing,
Guangdong,
Guangxi,
Guizhou,
Hunan,
Sichuan),
Vietnam.
|
|
|
Hebius parallelus
|
Parallel-striped Keelback, (Boulenger's Striped Keelback, Boulenger's Keelback, Yunnan Keelback)
|
|
Parallelstreifige Kielnatter
|
|
Parallelstribet Kølsnog
|
|
1890 | |
Tropidonotus parallelus Boulenger |
|
| |
Natrix parallelus Wall 1923 |
|
| |
Amphiesma parallela Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Paranatrix parallela Mahendra 1984 |
|
| |
Sinonatrix parallelus Murthy 1994 |
|
| |
Hebius parallelum Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Remarks:
Previously included bitaeniatum and clerki, and confused with other species as well.
Reported for Mizoram by Harit & Ramanujam (2002), but not by Mathew (2007).
Recently reported from Tibet, but other, older records from China (Sichuan, Yunnan), Myanmar, and other Indian states (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, West Bengal) refer to other species
(Ao, David, Bordoloi & Ohler 2004; David, Agarwal, Athreya, Mathew, Vogel & Mistry 2015), in spite of the fact that the type locality of parallelus is "Sikkim" (probably in error).
Reported without exact locality from Nepal (e.g., Swan & Leviton 1962; Das 1994, 1996; Schleich & Kästle [eds.] 2002), but no specimens with locality are known from the country.
Nepalese reports are most likely due to misidentifications of
Herpetoreas sieboldi (Kramer 1977; Ao, David, Bordoloi & Ohler 2004; David, Vogel & Pauwels 2005).
Records from Vietnam (e.g., David, Vogel & Pauwels 2005) refer to bitaeniatum (Nguyen, Ho & Nguyen 2009).
Records from Cambodia (e.g., Bourret 1934, 1936) refer to boulengeri.
Distribution:
China
(Tibet),
India
(Meghalaya,
Nagaland),
Nepal.
|
|
|
Hebius petersii
|
Sarawak Spotted Keelback, Yellow-lipped Water Snake, (Peter's Keelback)
|
|
Sarawak-Flecken-Kielnatter
|
|
Plettet Sarawak-kølsnog
|
|
1871 | |
Tropidonotus maculatus Peters [not Tropidonotus maculatus Edeling 1864] (Iskandar & Colijn 2001) |
|
1872 | |
Tropidonotus sundanensis Peters [not Tropidonotus sundanensis Bleeker 1857] (Iskandar & Colijn 2001) |
|
1893 | |
Tropidonotus petersi Boulenger [substitute name for Tropidonotus maculatus Peters 1871] |
|
| |
Natrix petersi Smedley 1931 |
|
| |
Amphiesma petersi Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius petersii Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Remarks:
Present in the past, but not confirmed recently from Singapore (Baker & Lim 2008). For unknown reasons, Wallach, Williams & Boundy (2014) listed Tropidonotus maculatus Peters 1871 as a synonym of sarawacensis.
Extinct in:
Singapore.
Distribution:
Indonesia
(Sumatra),
Malaysia
(Sabah,
Sarawak,
West Malaysia).
|
|
|
Hebius popei
|
Chinese Mountain Keelback, (Pope's Mountain Keelback, Pope's Keelback)
|
|
Chinesische Gebirgs-Kielnatter
|
|
Kinesisk Bjergkølsnog
|
|
1925 | |
Natrix popei Schmidt |
|
| |
Natrix vibakari popei Mell 1930 |
|
| |
Amphiesma popei Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius popei Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
China
(Guangdong,
Guangxi,
Guizhou,
Hainan,
Hunan,
Yunnan),
Vietnam.
|
|
|
Hebius pryeri
|
Ryukyu Keelback, Ryukyu Water Snake
|
|
Ryukyu-Kielnatter
|
|
Ryukyu-kølsnog
|
|
1887 | |
Tropidonotus pryeri Boulenger |
|
| |
Natrix pryeri Stejneger 1907 |
|
| |
Amphiesma pryeri Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius pryeri Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Remarks:
Previously included concelarum and ishigakiense.
Distribution:
Japan
(Ryukyu Islands
[Okinawa Islands,
Sakishima Islands,
Satsunan Islands
(incl.
Amami Islands
[incl.
Tokunoshima])]).
|
|
|
Hebius sanguineus
|
Red Mountain Keelback, (Smedley's Keelback)
|
|
Rote Kielnatter, Rote Gebirgswassernatter
|
|
Rød Bjergkølsnog
|
|
1932 | |
Natrix sanguinea Smedley |
|
| |
Amphiesma sanguinae [sic] Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius sanguineum Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
Malaysia
(West Malaysia).
|
|
|
Hebius sangzhiensis
|
Hunan Mountain Keelback
|
|
Hunan-Kielnatter
|
|
Hunan-bjergkølsnog
|
|
2019 | |
Hebius sangzhiensis Zhou, Sun, Qi, Lu, Lyu, Wang, Li & Ma |
Distribution:
China
(Hunan).
|
|
|
Hebius sarasinorum
|
Mount Bonthain Keelback, (Sarasin's Keelback)
|
|
Bonthain-Kielnatter
|
|
Bonthain-bjergkølsnog
|
|
1896 | |
Tropidonotus sarasinorum Boulenger |
|
| |
Natrix sarasinorum Barbour 1912 |
|
| |
Amphiesma sarasinora Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius sarasinorum Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
Indonesia
(Sulawesi).
|
|
|
Hebius sarawacensis
|
Sarawak Mountain Keelback, Sarawak Grass Snake, Checker-bellied Keelsnake, (Sarawak Keelback)
|
|
Sarawak-Gebirgs-Kielnatter, Sarawak-Wassernatter
|
|
Sarawak-bjergkølsnog
|
|
1872 | |
Tropidonotus sarawacensis Günther |
|
| |
Tropidonotus saravacensis [sic] Boulenger 1893 |
|
| |
Natrix saravacensis [lapsus] Barbour 1912 |
|
| |
Amphiesma saravacensis [sic] Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Rhabdophis sarawacensis Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 |
|
| |
Hebius sarawacense Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Remarks:
For unknown reasons, Wallach, Williams & Boundy (2014) assigned sarawacensis to the genus
Rhabdophis. They also listed Tropidonotus maculatus Peters 1871 as a synonym of sarawacensis, although maculatus is a senior (but unavailable) synonym of petersi.
Distribution:
Brunei,
Indonesia
(Kalimantan),
Malaysia
(Sabah,
Sarawak,
West Malaysia).
|
|
|
Hebius sauteri
|
Kosempo Keelback, (Sauter's Keelback)
|
|
Kosempo-Kielnatter
|
|
Kosempo-kølsnog
|
|
1909 | |
Tropidonotus sauteri Boulenger |
|
| |
Natrix sauteri Pope 1935 |
|
| |
Amphiesma sauteri Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Hebius sauteri Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
|
1909 | |
Natrix copei Van Denburgh (Zhao & Adler 1993) |
|
1962 | |
Amphiesma sauteri bourreti Malnate |
|
1962 | |
Amphiesma sauteri maximus Malnate |
Distribution:
China
(Anhui,
Chongqing,
Fujian,
Gansu,
Guangdong,
Guangxi,
Guizhou,
Hainan,
Hubei,
Hunan,
Jiangxi,
Sichuan,
Yunnan),
Taiwan,
Vietnam.
|
|
|
Hebius septemlineatus
|
Tengchong Keelback
|
|
Tengchong-Kielnatter
|
|
Tengchong-kølsnog
|
|
1925 | |
Natrix septemlineata Schmidt |
|
| |
Hebius septemlineatus Hou, Yuan, Wei, Zhao, Liu, Wu, Shen, Chen, Guo & Che 2021 |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of octolineatus (e.g., Zhao & Adler 1993).
Revalidated as a separate species by Hou, Yuan, Wei, Zhao, Liu, Wu, Shen, Chen, Guo & Che (2021).
Distribution:
China
(Yunnan).
|
|
|
Hebius taronensis
|
Taron Keelback
|
|
Taron-Kielnatter
|
|
Taron-kølsnog
|
|
1940 | |
Natrix venningi taronensis Smith |
|
| |
Amphiesma venningi taronensis Welch 1988 |
|
| |
Paranatrix venningi taronensis Mahendra 1984 |
|
| |
Amphiesma taronense Das 2010 |
|
| |
Hebius taronense Midtgaard 2019 (www.repfocus.dk) |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a subspecies of venningi (e.g., Smith 1943).
Revalidated by Das (2010), followed by others (Zug, Leviton, Vindum, Wogan & Koo 2010; Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014), but without presenting evidence.
Validity as a separate species supported by David, Vogel, Nguyen, Orlov, Pauwels, Teynié & Ziegler (2021).
Distribution:
India
(Arunachal Pradesh),
Myanmar.
|
|
|
Hebius terrakarenorum
|
Umphang Keelback, Karenland Keelback
|
|
Umphang-Kielnatter
|
|
Umphang-kølsnog
|
|
2022 | |
Hebius terrakarenorum Hauser, Smits & David |
Distribution:
Thailand.
|
|
|
Hebius venningi
|
Chin Hills Keelback, (Venning's Keelback)
|
|
Chin-Hills-Kielnatter
|
|
Chin Hills-kølsnog
|
|
1910 | |
Tropidonotus venningi Wall |
|
| |
Natrix venningi Wall 1923 |
|
| |
Amphiesma venningi Malnate 1960 |
|
| |
Paranatrix venningi Mahendra 1984 |
|
| |
Hebius venningi Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Remarks:
Previously included nigriventer and taronense.
Records from Bangladesh and Meghalaya, India, (e.g., Gayen 2001; Whitaker & Captain 2004, Reza 2010) refer to
Herpetoreas xenura
(Mathew & Meetei 2004; David, Vogel, Nguyen, Orlov, Pauwels, Teynié & Ziegler 2021).
Records from Yunnan, China, refer to nigriventer (David, Vogel, Nguyen, Orlov, Pauwels, Teynié & Ziegler 2021).
Distribution:
India
(Arunachal Pradesh,
Mizoram,
Nagaland),
Myanmar.
|
|
|
Hebius vibakari
|
Northeastern Forest Keelback, Hibakari, Vibakari Snake
|
|
Nordöstliche Wald-Kielnatter
|
|
Nordøstlig Skovkølsnog
|
|
1826 | |
Tropidonotus vibakari Boie |
|
| |
Natrix vibakari Stejneger 1907 |
|
| |
Hebius vibakari Thompson 1913 |
|
| |
Amphiesma vibakari Malnate 1960 |
|
1876 | |
Tropidonotus martensii Hilgendorf (Stejneger 1907) |
|
1923 | |
Natrix vibakari ruthveni Van Denburgh |
|
| |
Amphiesma vibakari ruthveni Malnate 1962 |
|
1928 | |
Natrix vibakari nikolskii Emeljanov (Malnate 1962) |
|
1986 | |
Amphiesma vibakari danjoensis Toriba |
Other common names:
danjoense: Danjo Hibakari
Remarks:
A record from Sakhalin Island (Malnate 1962) appears to be erroneous.
The island was not included in the distribution by neither Szczerbak (2003), nor Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov (2006).
Introduced to:
Japan
(Izu Islands:
Miyakejima).
Distribution:
China
(Heilongjiang,
Jilin,
Liaoning),
Japan
(Honshu,
Kyushu,
Shikoku,
Ryukyu Islands
[Satsunan Islands]),
North Korea,
Russia,
South Korea.
|
|
|
Hebius viperinus
|
Viper-like Keelback
|
|
Vipern-Kielnatter
|
|
Hugorme-kølsnog
|
|
1901 | |
Xenochrophis viperinus Schenkel |
|
| |
Amphiesma viperina Malnate & Minton 1965 |
|
| |
Hebius viperinum Guo, Zhu, Liu, Zhang, Li, Huang & Pyron 2014 |
Distribution:
Indonesia
(Sumatra).
|
|
|
Hebius weixiensis
|
Weixi Keelback
|
|
Weixi-Kielnatter
|
|
Weixi-kølsnog
|
|
2021 | |
Hebius weixiensis Hou, Yuan, Wei, Zhao, Liu, Wu, Shen, Chen, Guo & Che |
Distribution:
China
(Yunnan).
|
|
|
Hebius yanbianensis
|
Yanbian Keelback
|
|
Yanbian-Kielnatter
|
|
Yanbian-kølsnog
|
|
2018 | |
Hebius yanbianensis Liu, Zhong, Wang, Liu & Guo |
Distribution:
China
(Sichuan).
|
|
|
Hebius youjiangensis
|
Youjiang Keelback
|
|
Youjiang-Kielnatter
|
|
Youjiang-kølsnog
|
|
2023 | |
Hebius youjiangensis Xu, Yang, Gong, Wu, Huang, Liu, Liang, Huang & Huang |
Distribution:
China
(Guangxi).
|
|
|