Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk). Latest update:
February 2nd, 2025.




 



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Genus
Lachesis

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Bushmasters
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Buschmeister
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Bushmastere, Stumme Klapperslanger
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1803 |  |
Lachesis Daudin (type species: Crotalus mutus Linnaeus 1766) |
1811 |  |
Trigonocephalus Oppel 1810 (type species: Scytale ammodytes Latreille in Sonnini & Latreille 1801 ["1801-02"]) |
1815 |  |
Trigalus Rafinesque [substitute name for Trigonocephalus Oppel 1811] |
1820 |  |
Cophias Merrem (type species: Coluber crotalinus Gmelin 1788) |
Contents:
4 species, none of which are endemic.
Endemism: 0% 100%
Distribution:
Central America, South America.
Reported from:
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Acre,
Alagoas,
Amapa,
Amazonas,
Bahia,
Ceara,
Espirito Santo,
Goias,
Maranhao,
Mato Grosso,
Minas Gerais,
Para
[incl.
Marajo Island],
Paraiba,
Pernambuco,
Piaui,
Rio de Janeiro,
Rio Grande do Norte,
Rondonia,
Roraima,
Sao Paulo,
Sergipe,
Tocantins),
Colombia,
Costa Rica,
Ecuador,
French Guiana,
Guyana,
Nicaragua,
Panama,
Peru,
Surinam,
Trinidad & Tobago
(Trinidad),
Venezuela.
| |

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Lachesis acrochorda

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Chocoan Bushmaster
|

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Choco-Buschmeister
|

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Chocó-bushmaster
|

1896 |  |
Bothrops acrochordus Garcia |
1909 |  |
Bothrops calcaratus Posada-Arango (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
1909 |  |
Bothrops verrucosus Posada-Arango (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |

Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of muta (e.g., Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970). Revalidated as a separate species by Campbell & Lamar (2004) and Ripa (2004).
Distribution:
Colombia,
Ecuador,
Panama.
|


Lachesis acrochorda
© Henrik Bringsøe
|

|
Lachesis melanocephala

 |
Black-headed Bushmaster, Costa Rican Bushmaster
|

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Schwarzkopf-Buschmeister
|

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Sorthovedet Bushmaster
|

1986 |  |
Lachesis muta melanocephala Solorzano & Cerdas |
|  |
Lachesis melanocephala Zamudio & Greene 1997 |

Distribution:
Costa Rica,
Panama.
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Lachesis melanocephala
© Cesar Barrio Amorós
|

|
Lachesis muta

 |
South American Bushmaster, Common Bushmaster
|

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Amazonische Buschmeister
|

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Sydamerikansk Bushmaster
|

1766 |  |
Crotalus mutus Linnaeus |
|  |
Lachesis mutus Daudin 1803 |
1788 |  |
Coluber crotalinus Gmelin (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
|  |
Cophias crotalinus Merrem 1820 |
|  |
Trigonocephalus crotalinus Schinz 1822 |
|  |
Crasedocephalus crotalinus [sic] Gray 1825 |
1801 |  |
Scytale ammodytes Latreille in Sonnini & Latreille [1801-02] (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
1801 |  |
Scytale catenatus Latreille in Sonnini & Latreille [1801-02] (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
1802 |  |
Coluber Alecto Shaw (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
1803 |  |
Lachesis ater Daudin (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
1824 |  |
Bothrops Surucucu Wagler (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
1824 |  |
Lachesis rhombeata Wied |
|  |
Lachesis muta rhombeata Hoge & Romano 1978 |
1872 |  |
Trigonocephalus brasiliensis Liais (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |
1966 |  |
Lachesis muta noctivaga Hoge (Campbell & Lamar 2004) |

Other common names:
rhombeata: Brazilian Bushmaster
Remarks:
Costa & Bérnils (2018) did not include Piaui, Rio Grande do Norte, Sergipe, and Sao Paulo in the distribution, although reported from the states by other authors.
Distribution:
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Acre,
Alagoas,
Amapa,
Amazonas,
Bahia,
Ceara,
Espirito Santo,
Goias,
Maranhao,
Mato Grosso,
Minas Gerais,
Para
[incl.
Marajo Island],
Paraiba,
Pernambuco,
Rio de Janeiro,
Rondonia,
Roraima,
Tocantins),
Colombia,
Ecuador,
French Guiana,
Guyana,
Peru,
Surinam,
Trinidad & Tobago
(Trinidad),
Venezuela.
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Lachesis muta
© Rune Midtgaard
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Lachesis stenophrys

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Central American Bushmaster
|

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Zentralamerikanischer Buschmeister
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Centralamerikansk Bushmaster
|

1876 |  |
Lachesis stenophrys Cope |
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Lachesis muta stenophrys Taylor 1951 |

Remarks:
Revalidated as a separate species by Zamudio & Greene (1997).
Although reported from Colombia (Pérez-Santos & Moreno 1988), presence in the country needs verification (see Cadle 1992).
Distribution:
Costa Rica,
Nicaragua,
Panama.
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Lachesis stenophrys
© Rune Midtgaard
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