Reptiles of
Guyana 

 

Bibliography of the reptiles of Guyana Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Guyana Introduced species
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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist
General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial.
Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:
Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Amphisbaenidae (Typical Worm Lizards)
Genus Amphisbaena (Neotropical Worm Lizards)
 
Amphisbaena alba

Common Red Worm Lizard

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Gans 1962 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Amphisbaena fuliginosa

Spotted Worm Lizard

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1945 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Roberto, Muniz Silva, Pinto & Avila 2021 Vanzolini 1951 Vanzolini 2002
  *
Amphisbaena stejnegeri

Demerara Worm Lizard

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Hoogmoed 1973 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970
 
Amphisbaena vanzolinii

Marudi Worm Lizard

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Hoogmoed 1973 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Sponga & Gans 1971

Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Alligatoridae (Alligators and Caimans)
Genus Caiman (Typical Caimans)
 
Caiman crocodilus

Common Caiman

Avila-Pires 2005 Busack & Pandya 2001 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 King & Burke 1989 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Melanosuchus (Black Caiman)
 
Melanosuchus niger

Black Caiman

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 King & Burke 1989 Medem 1963 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Vasquez 1991
Genus Paleosuchus (Dwarf Caimans)
 
Paleosuchus palpebrosus

Cayenne Dwarf Caiman

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 King & Burke 1989 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Wermuth & Mertens 1977
 
Paleosuchus trigonatus

Northwestern Dwarf Caiman

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 King & Burke 1989 Pritchard 1995 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008

Lizards (Sauria)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Alopoglossidae (Fold-tongued Spectacled Tejus)
Genus Alopoglossus (Western Shade Tejus)
 
Alopoglossus angulatus

Surinam Shade Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1973 Koehler, Diethert & Vesely 2012 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 [as A. carinicaudatus] Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Ribeiro-Junior 2018 Ribeiro-Junior, Choueri, Lobos, Venegas, Torres-Carvajal & Werneck 2020
 
Alopoglossus brevifrontalis

Rio Pastaza Shade Teju

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Peloso & Avila-Pires 2010
 Family Anolidae (Anoles)
Genus Dactyloa (Fringe-toed Anoles)
 
Dactyloa punctata

Blue-spotted Green Anole

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1944 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1973 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
Genus Norops (Brilliant Anoles)
 
Norops auratus

Surinam Grass Anole

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1973 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 
Norops chrysolepis

Greater Golden-scaled Anole

Avila-Pires 1995 [as nitens] Beebe 1944 [as nitens] Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 D'Angiolella, Gamble, Avila-Pires, Colli, Noonan & Vitt 2011 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 [as nitens] Parker 1935 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 [as nitens] Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 
Norops fuscoauratus

Lichen-coloured Anole

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1944 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1973 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Sousa & Freire 2010
 
Norops ortonii

Amazon Bark Anole

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Hoogmoed 1973 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 
Norops planiceps

Orange-fanned Leaf-litter Anole

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 D'Angiolella, Gamble, Avila-Pires, Colli, Noonan & Vitt 2011 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 Family Gekkonidae (Typical Geckos)
Genus Hemidactylus (Half-toed Geckos)
 
Hemidactylus palaichthus

Guyana Half-toed Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1973 Powell 1990 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 Family Gymnophthalmidae (Scaly-tongued Spectacled Tejus)
Genus Anadia (Smooth-scaled Spectacled Tejus)
 
Anadia escalerae

Bolivar Smooth-scaled Teju

Kok, Means & Rivas 2013 [as "cf. escalerae"]
Genus Arthrosaura (Creek Tejus)
 
Arthrosaura reticulata

Western Creek Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed & Avila-Pires 1992 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
Genus Bachia (Earless Tejus)
 
Bachia flavescens

Guiana Earless Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon 1973 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Hoogmoed 1973 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 [as "B. flavescens complex"]
 
Bachia monodactyla

One-toed Earless Teju

Dixon 1973 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970
 
Bachia parkeri

Chenapowu River Earless Teju

Dixon 1973 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970
Genus Cercosaura (Eastern Shade Tejus)
 
Cercosaura argulus

White-lipped Shade Teju

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Doan & Lamar 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
 
Cercosaura ocellata

Ocellated Shade Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dantas Sales, Silva Jorge, Meira-Ribeiro & Xavier Freire 2014 Doan & Lamar 2012 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Hoogmoed 1973 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Parker 1935 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Sturaro, Rodrigues, Colli, Knowles & Avila-Pires 2018
Genus Gymnophthalmus (Snake-eyed Tejus)
 
Gymnophthalmus leucomystax

White Snake-eyed Teju

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Recoder, Vechio, Marques-Souza, Teixeira, Silva-da-Silva, Santos Junior, Ribeiro, Barrio-Amoros & Rodrigues 2018 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
 
Gymnophthalmus underwoodi

Smooth-scaled Snake-eyed Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Dessauer & Markezich 1993 Cole, Dessauer, Townsend & Arnold 1990 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1973 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Snyder, Schmidt, McMullin, Parker & Ferus 2017
 
Gymnophthalmus vanzoi

Roraima Snake-eyed Teju

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Recoder, Vechio, Marques-Souza, Teixeira, Silva-da-Silva, Santos Junior, Ribeiro, Barrio-Amoros & Rodrigues 2018 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
Genus Iphisa (Glossy Shade Teju)
 
Iphisa elegans

Glossy Shade Teju

Andrade, Santos, Kawashita-Ribeiro & Vaz-Silva 2013 Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon 1974 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Hoogmoed 1973 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017
Genus Kaieteurosaurus (Kaieteur Spectacled Teju)
  *
Kaieteurosaurus hindsi

Kaieteur Spectacled Teju

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Kok 2005
Genus Loxopholis (Western Root Tejus)
 
Loxopholis guianensis

Guyana Root Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1973 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Uzzell & Barry 1971
 
Loxopholis percarinata

Striped Root Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Brunes, Silva, Marques-Souza, Rodrigues & Pellegrino 2019 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Hoogmoed 1973 Marques Souza, Pellegrino, Sales Nunes, Teixeira Junior, Gordo, Carvalho, Almeida, Oliveira, Frazao, Hrbek, Pires Farias & Rodrigues 2015 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Uzzell & Barry 1971
Genus Neusticurus (Guianan Water Tejus)
 
Neusticurus bicarinatus

Two-keeled Water Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1973 Kok, Bittenbinder, Berg, Souza, Nunes, Laking, Teixeira Junior, Fouquet, Means, MacCulloch & Rodrigues 2018 Marques-Souza, Prates, Fouquet, Camacho, Kok, Nunes, Vechio, Recoder, Mejia, Teixeira-Junior, Barrio-Amoros, Cassimiro, Lima, Sena & Rodrigues 2018 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Uzzell 1966
 
Neusticurus rudis

Brown Water Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1945 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Hoogmoed 1973 Kok, Bittenbinder, Berg, Souza, Nunes, Laking, Teixeira Junior, Fouquet, Means, MacCulloch & Rodrigues 2018 Marques-Souza, Prates, Fouquet, Camacho, Kok, Nunes, Vechio, Recoder, Mejia, Teixeira-Junior, Barrio-Amoros, Cassimiro, Lima, Sena & Rodrigues 2018 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Uzzell 1966
Genus Pantepuisaurus (Mount Maringma Spectacled Teju)
  *
Pantepuisaurus rodriguesi

Mount Maringma Spectacled Teju

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Kok 2009
Genus Rheosaurus (Guyana Rough Teju)
  *
Rheosaurus sulcarostrum

Guyana Rough Teju

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, MacCulloch, Ugarte & Kizirian 2006 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Torres-Carvajal, Lobos, Venegas, Chavez, Aguirre-Penafiel, Zurita & Echevarria 2016 Vasquez-Restrepo, Ibanez, Sanchez-Pacheco & Daza 2020
Genus Riolama (Tepui Spectacled Tejus)
 
Riolama leucosticta

White-spotted Tepui Teju

Kok 2015
Genus Tretioscincus (Skink Tejus)
 
Tretioscincus agilis

Agile Skink Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1973 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970
Genus Yanomamia (Tepui Root Tejus)
  *
Yanomamia guianensis

Pakaraima Mountains Root Teju

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 MacCulloch & Lathrop 2001 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
  *
Yanomamia hoogmoedi

Mount Maringma Root Teju

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Kok 2008
 Family Iguanidae (Greater Iguanas)
Genus Iguana (Green Iguanas)
 
Iguana iguana

South American Green Iguana

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1944 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Hoogmoed 1973 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 Family Phyllodactylidae (Leaf-toed Geckos)
Genus Thecadactylus (Turnip-tailed Geckos)
 
Thecadactylus rapicauda

Northern Turnip-tailed Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Bergmann & Russell 2007 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Hoogmoed 1973 Mertens 1972 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Vanzolini 1968 Wermuth 1965
 Family Polychrotidae (Monkey Lizards)
Genus Polychrus (Monkey Lizards)
 
Polychrus marmoratus

Marbled Monkey Lizard

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1944 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1973 Murphy, Lehtinen, Charles, Wasserman, Anton & Brennan 2017 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Torres-Carvajal, Koch, Venegas & Poe 2017
 Family Scincidae (Skinks)
Genus Copeoglossum (Neotropical Spotted Skinks)
 
Copeoglossum nigropunctatum

Black-spotted Skink

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1945 [as Mabuya mabouya] Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Hedges & Conn 2012 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Miralles & Carranza 2010 Miralles, Barrio-Amoros, Rivas & Chaparro-Auza 2006 Miralles, Rivas-Fuenmayor & Barrio-Amoros 2005 Parker 1935 [as Mabuya mabouya] Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 [as Mabuya bistriata] Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016
 Family Sphaerodactylidae (Least Geckos, etc.)
Genus Chatogekko (Pug-nosed Dwarf Gecko)
 
Chatogekko amazonicus

Pug-nosed Dwarf Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Gamble, Daza, Colli, Vitt & Bauer 2011 Hoogmoed 1973 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Vanzolini 1968
Genus Coleodactylus (Sheath-toed Pygmy Geckos)
 
Coleodactylus septentrionalis

Northern Pygmy Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
Genus Gonatodes (American Padless Geckos)
 
Gonatodes alexandermendesi

Kaieteur Padless Gecko

Cole & Kok 2006 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Kok 2011
 
Gonatodes annularis

Ringed Padless Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1973 Parker 1935 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Wermuth 1965
 
Gonatodes humeralis

Bridled Forest Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Hoogmoed 1973 Kok 2011 Parker 1935 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Vanzolini 1968
  *
Gonatodes timidus

Iwokrama Padless Gecko

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Kok 2011
 
Gonatodes vittatus

White-banded Padless Gecko

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Meilink, Clegg, Mayerl, Pinto, Grasso, Stegen, Segan & Kok 2013 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Pseudogonatodes (South American Pygmy Geckos)
 
Pseudogonatodes guianensis

Amazon Pygmy Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Hoogmoed 1973 Parker 1935 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Wermuth 1965
Genus Sphaerodactylus (Least Geckos)
 
Sphaerodactylus molei

Trinidad Speckled Least Gecko

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Harris & Kluge 1984 Hoogmoed 1973 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Wermuth 1965
 Family Teiidae (Greater Tejus)
Genus Ameiva (South American Ameivas)
 
Ameiva ameiva

South American Giant Ameiva

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1945 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Hoogmoed 1973 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Parker 1935 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016
Genus Cnemidophorus (Southern Whiptails)
 
Cnemidophorus lemniscatus

Rainbow Whiptail

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole & Dessauer 1993 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Markezich, Cole & Dessauer 1997 McCranie & Hedges 2013 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016
Genus Kentropyx (Spurred Whiptails)
 
Kentropyx borckiana

Guyana Whiptail

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Gallagher & Dixon 1992 Harvey, Ugueto & Gutberlet 2012 Hoogmoed 1973 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Kentropyx calcarata

Striped Forest Whiptail

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Gallagher & Dixon 1992 Parker 1935 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016
 
Kentropyx striata

Surinam Striped Whiptail

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Gallagher & Dixon 1992 Hoogmoed 1973 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016
Genus Tupinambis (Northern Tejus)
 
Tupinambis cryptus

Northern Black-and-White Teju

Murphy, Jowers, Lehtinen, Charles, Colli, Peres, Hendry & Pyron 2016 Silva, Ribeiro-Junior & Avila-Pires 2018
 
Tupinambis teguixin

Amazonian Black-and-White Teju

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Harvey, Ugueto & Gutberlet 2012 Koehler & Langerwerf 2000 Murphy, Jowers, Lehtinen, Charles, Colli, Peres, Hendry & Pyron 2016 [based on map] Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Silva, Ribeiro-Junior & Avila-Pires 2018
 Family Tropiduridae (Rough-tailed Iguanas)
Genus Plica (Tree Runners)
  *
Plica kathleenae

Acarai Mountains Tree Runner

Murphy & Jowers 2013
 
Plica plica

Collared Tree Runner

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1944 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Etheridge 1970 Hoogmoed 1973 Murphy & Jowers 2013 Parker 1935 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 
Plica umbra

Smooth-necked Tree Runner

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1944 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Etheridge 1970 Hoogmoed 1973 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Parker 1935 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
Genus Tropidurus (Eastern Keel-tailed Iguanas)
 
Tropidurus hispidus

Spotted Keel-tailed Iguana

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Carvalho 2013 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Rodrigues 1987 Sousa Abreu, Frota & Yuki 2002
Genus Uracentron (South American Spiny-tailed Iguanas)
 
Uracentron azureum

Green Spiny-tailed Iguana

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1944 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Etheridge 1968 Hoogmoed 1973 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Uranoscodon (Mop-headed Iguana)
 
Uranoscodon superciliosus

Mop-headed Iguana

Avila-Pires 1995 Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1944 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Hoogmoed 1973 Howland, Vitt & Lopez 1990 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015

Snakes (Serpentes)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Aniliidae (South American Pipe Snake)
Genus Anilius (South American Pipe Snake)
 
Anilius scytale

South American Pipe Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014
 Family Anomalepididae (Neotropical Blind Snakes)
Genus Typhlophis (Cayenne Blind Snake)
 
Typhlophis squamosus

Cayenne Blind Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 Family Boidae (Typical Boas)
Genus Boa (Red-tailed Boas)
 
Boa constrictor

South American Red-tailed Boa

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Corallus (Tree Boas)
 
Corallus caninus

Northern Emerald Tree Boa

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Henderson, Passos & Feitosa 2009
 
Corallus hortulana

Amazon Tree Boa

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Henderson 1993 [as enydris] Henderson 1997 Henderson 2002 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Parker 1935 [as enydris] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as enydris] Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Epicrates (Rainbow Boas)
 
Epicrates cenchria

Common Rainbow Boa

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Parker 1935 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Epicrates maurus

Northern Rainbow Boa

Avila-Pires 2005 Passos & Fernandes 2008
Genus Eunectes (Anacondas)
 
Eunectes murinus

Green Anaconda

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dirksen 2000 Dirksen 2002 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids)
Genus Apostolepis (Black-tailed Blackheads)
 
Apostolepis nigrolineata

Para Blackhead

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Lema, Queiroz & Martins 2017
 
Apostolepis quinquelineata

Five-lined Blackhead

Avila-Pires 2005 Entiauspe-Neto, Koch, Guedes & Tiutenko 2020 Lema 2001 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Genus Atractus (Spindle Snakes)
 
Atractus favae

Surinam Spindle Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1980 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Atractus schach

Mamadam Spindle Snake

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1980 Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Fouquet, Costa Prudente & Torres-Carvajal 2019 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Atractus steyermarki

Chimanta Tepui Spindle Snake

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Passos, Kok, Albuquerque & Rivas 2013 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Atractus tamessari

Kaieteur Spindle Snake

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Kok 2006 Passos, Kok, Albuquerque & Rivas 2013
 
Atractus torquatus

Rusty Spindle Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1980 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Atractus trilineatus

Venezuelan Three-lined Spindle Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Martins & Oliveira 1993 Murphy, Salvi, Braswell & Jowers 2019 Murphy, Salvi, Braswell & Jowers 2020 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Chironius (Sipos)
 
Chironius carinatus

Yellow-lipped Sipo

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Kok 2010 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Chironius challenger

Maringma Tepui Sipo

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Kok 2010
 
Chironius exoletus

Green Sipo

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Chironius fuscus

Brown Sipo

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Kok 2010 Parker 1935 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Chironius multiventris

Peruvian Sipo

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 [as cochranae] Kok 2010 [as cochranae] Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Chironius scurrulus

Rusty Sipo

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Kok 2010 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Chlorosoma (Green Bush Racers)
 
Chlorosoma viridissimum

Emerald Bush Racer

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Freitas, Franca & Bernarde 2012 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Thomas 1976
Genus Clelia (Northern Snake Eaters)
 
Clelia clelia

Common Snake Eater

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Zaher 1996
Genus Dendrophidion (Forest Racers)
 
Dendrophidion dendrophis

Tawny Forest Racer

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters)
 
Dipsas catesbyi

Ornate Snail Eater

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Lima & Prudente 2009 Parker 1935 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Sanchez-Martinez, Franca & Trevine 2022
 
Dipsas copei

Guianan Snail Eater

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Peters 1960 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Dipsas incerta

South American Banded Snail Eater

Passos, Fernandes & Caramaschi 2004
 
Dipsas indica

Big-headed Snail Eater

Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965
  *
Dipsas pakaraima

Pakaraima Mountains Snail Eater

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 MacCulloch & Lathrop 2004
 
Dipsas pavonina

Northern Snail Eater

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 Lima & Prudente 2009 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Dipsas variegata

Many-banded Snail Eater

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cadle & Myers 2003 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Peters 1960 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Drepanoides (Amazon Egg Eater)
 
Drepanoides anomalus

Amazon Egg Eater

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Drymarchon (Indigo Snakes and Cribos)
 
Drymarchon corais

Yellow-tailed Cribo

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Wuster, Yrausquin & Mijares-Urrutia 2001
Genus Drymobius (Central American Racers)
 
Drymobius rhombifer

Diamondback Racer

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Drymoluber (Glossy Racers)
 
Drymoluber dichrous

Northern Glossy Racer

Avila-Pires 2005 Caldeira-Costa, Ribeiro-Moura & Neves-Feio 2013 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Dryophylax (Northern Mock Vipers)
 
Dryophylax ramonriveroi

Turimiquire Mock Viper

Bailey & Thomas 2007 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021
Genus Erythrolamprus (Neotropical Smooth Snakes)
 
Erythrolamprus aenigma

Savannah Smooth Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 [as E. poecilogyrus] Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 [as E. poecilogyrus] Dixon 1989 [as E. poecilogyrus] Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Koch, Nunez, Azevedo, Moraes, Tiutenko, Bialves & Loebmann 2021 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 [as E. poecilogyrus]
 
Erythrolamprus aesculapii

Southern Mock Coral Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Curcio, Scali & Rodrigues 2015 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 [as bauperthuisii] Torres-Carvajal & Hinojosa 2020
 
Erythrolamprus breviceps

Short-headed Smooth Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon 1989 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Erythrolamprus cobellus

South American Red-bellied Smooth Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon 1989 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Torres-Carvajal & Hinojosa 2020
 
Erythrolamprus miliaris

Military Smooth Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon 1983 Dixon 1989 Parker 1935 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Torres-Carvajal & Hinojosa 2020
 
Erythrolamprus reginae

Northern Royal Smooth Snake

Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon 1989 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Murphy, Braswell, Charles, Auguste, Rivas, Borzee, Lehtinen & Jowers 2019 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Erythrolamprus typhlus

Velvety Smooth Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon 1987 Dixon 1989 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Parker 1935 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Helicops (South American Keelbacks)
 
Helicops angulatus

Brown-banded Keelback

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Roberto, Ribeiro, Sousa-Delfino & Oliveira-Almeida 2009
Genus Hydrodynastes (False Water Cobras)
 
Hydrodynastes bicinctus

Two-banded False Water Cobra

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Hydrops (South American Mud Snakes)
 
Hydrops triangularis

Red-sided Mud Snake

Albuquerque & Lema 2008 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Roze 1957 Scrocchi, Ferreira, Giraudo, Avila & Motte 2005
Genus Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes)
 
Imantodes cenchoa

Common Blunt-headed Tree Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Imantodes lentiferus

Amazon Blunt-headed Tree Snake

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Frota, Missassi, Santos-Costa & Prudente 2015 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Leptodeira (Typical Cat-eyed Snakes)
 
Leptodeira annulata

South American Banded Cat-eyed Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Barrio-Amoros 2019 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Duellman 1958 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Leptodeira ashmeadi

Venezuelan Cat-eyed Snake

Duellman 1958
Genus Leptophis (Neotropical Parrot Snakes)
 
Leptophis ahaetulla

Common Green Parrot Snake

Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Murphy, Charles, Lehtinen & Koeller 2013 Oliver 1948 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Torres-Carvajal & Teran 2021
 
Leptophis coeruleodorsus

Striped Green Parrot Snake

Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022
 
Leptophis nigromarginatus

Black-skinned Green Parrot Snake

Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022
Genus Lygophis (South American Striped Ground Snakes)
 
Lygophis lineatus

Western Striped Ground Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon 1989 Michaud & Dixon 1987 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Mastigodryas (Neotropical Lizard Eaters)
 
Mastigodryas boddaerti

Brown Lizard Eater

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Parker 1935 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Mastigodryas moratoi

Amazon Lizard Eater

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Montingelli & Zaher 2011 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019
Genus Ninia (Coffee Snakes)
 
Ninia hudsoni

Guyana White-collared Coffee Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Oxybelis (Neotropical Vine Snakes)
 
Oxybelis fulgidus

Green Vine Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Oxybelis rutherfordi

Trinidad Vine Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 [as aeneus] Beebe 1946 [as aeneus] Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 [as aeneus] Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 [as aeneus] MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 [as aeneus] Parker 1935 [as aeneus] Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 [as aeneus]
Genus Oxyrhopus (Calico Snakes)
 
Oxyrhopus melanogenys

Black-headed Calico Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 [as trigeminus] Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 [as trigeminus] MacCulloch, Lathrop, Kok, Ernst & Kalamandeen 2009 Means & Kalamandeen 2007 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 [as trigeminus] Zaher & Caramaschi 1992 [as trigeminus]
 
Oxyrhopus occipitalis

Northern Calico Snake

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 MacCulloch, Lathrop, Kok, Ernst & Kalamandeen 2009
 
Oxyrhopus petolarius

Banded Calico Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 MacCulloch, Lathrop, Kok, Ernst & Kalamandeen 2009 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Philodryas (South American Bush Racers)
 
Philodryas olfersii

Common Green Bush Racer

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Thomas 1976
Genus Phimophis (South American Shovel-nosed Snakes)
 
Phimophis guianensis

Northern Tropical Shovel-nosed Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Phrynonax (Neotropical Bird Snakes)
 
Phrynonax sexcarinatus

Southern Bird Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 [as Pseustes poecilonotus] Beebe 1946 [as polylepis] Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 [as Pseustes poecilonotus] Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 [as Pseustes poecilonotus] Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 [as Pseustes poecilonotus]
Genus Pseudoboa (Neotropical Scarlet Snakes)
 
Pseudoboa coronata

Black-headed Scarlet Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Caldeira Costa, Cotta & MacCulloch 2015 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Pseudoboa neuwiedii

Northern Scarlet Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Pseudoeryx (Dusky Mud Snakes)
 
Pseudoeryx plicatilis

Dusky Mud Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Rhinobothryum (Ringed Snakes)
 
Rhinobothryum lentiginosum

Amazon Ringed Snake

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Sibon (Neotropical Snail Eaters)
 
Sibon nebulatus

Cloudy Snail Eater

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Peters 1960 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Siphlophis (Liana Snakes)
 
Siphlophis cervinus

Common Liana Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013
 
Siphlophis compressus

Red-headed Liana Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Parker 1935 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Spilotes (Chicken Snakes)
 
Spilotes pullatus

Chicken Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Spilotes sulphureus

Yellow-bellied Puffing Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Taeniophallus (Lowland Dwarf Leaf-litter Snakes)
 
Taeniophallus brevirostris

Short-nosed Leaf-litter Snake

Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes)
 
Tantilla melanocephala

South American Black-headed Centipede Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Jowers, Rivas, Jadin, Braswell, Auguste, Borzee & Murphy 2020 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Wilson & Mena 1980 Wilson 1987
Genus Thamnodynastes (South American Mock Vipers)
 
Thamnodynastes pallidus

Common South American Mock Viper

Avila-Pires 2005 Bailey, Thomas & Silva 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as strigilis] Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021
Genus Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads and South American Hognose Snakes)
 
Xenodon merremii

Toad-eating Mock Lancehead

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hoogmoed 1985 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Xenodon rabdocephalus

Common Mock Lancehead

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Xenodon severus

Giant Mock Lancehead

Avila-Pires 2005 Beebe 1946 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Parker 1935 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Xenopholis (South American Flat-headed Snakes)
 
Xenopholis scalaris

Northern Flat-headed Snake

Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Xenoxybelis (South American Vine Snakes)
 
Xenoxybelis argenteus

Green-striped Vine Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.)
Genus Leptomicrurus (Black-backed Coral Snakes)
 
Leptomicrurus collaris

Guianan Black-backed Coral Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Roze 1996
Genus Micrurus (American Coral Snakes)
 
Micrurus averyi

Black-headed Coral Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Feitosa, Silva, Pires, Zaher & Prudente 2015 Roze 1996
 
Micrurus diutius

Trinidad Ribbon Coral Snake

Campbell & Lamar 2004 Jowers, Garcia Mudarra, Charles & Murphy 2019 Roze 1996
 
Micrurus hemprichii

Worm-eating Coral Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Bernarde, Turci, Abegg & Franco 2018 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Roze 1996
 
Micrurus isozonus

Venezuelan Coral Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Feitosa, Pires, Prudente & Silva 2013 Kok, Roze, Lenglet, Sambhu & Arjoon 2003
 
Micrurus lemniscatus

Northern Ribbon Coral Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Jowers, Garcia Mudarra, Charles & Murphy 2019 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Roze 1996
 
Micrurus psyches

Carib Coral Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Roze 1996
 
Micrurus surinamensis

Amazonian Aquatic Coral Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Roze 1996
 Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes)
Genus Epictia (Neotropical Thread Snakes)
 
Epictia tenella

Guyana Thread Snake

Adalsteinsson, Branch, Trape, Vitt & Hedges 2009 [as albifrons] Avila-Pires 2005 [as albifrons] Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 [as albifrons] Hahn 1980 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 [as albifrons] Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 [as albifrons] Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 [as albifrons] Wallach 2016
Genus Siagonodon (Mandible-toothed Thread Snakes)
 
Siagonodon septemstriatus

Eastern Seven-lined Thread Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hahn 1980 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Pinto & Curcio 2011 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Trilepida (Three-scaled Thread Snakes)
 
Trilepida dimidiata

Dainty Thread Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hahn 1980 Martins, Koch, Pinto, Folly, Fouquet & Passos 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Pinto & Fernandes 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Trilepida macrolepis

Large-scaled Thread Snake

Adalsteinsson, Branch, Trape, Vitt & Hedges 2009 Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Hahn 1980 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes)
Genus Amerotyphlops (American Blind Snakes)
 
Amerotyphlops brongersmianus

Bahia Blind Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon & Hendricks 1979 Graboski, Arredondo, Grazziotin, Silva, Prudente, Rodrigues, Bonatto & Zaher 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Amerotyphlops minuisquamus

Amazon Basin Blind Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon & Hendricks 1979 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Amerotyphlops reticulatus

Reticulated Blind Snake

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Dixon & Hendricks 1979 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Graboski, Arredondo, Grazziotin, Silva, Prudente, Rodrigues, Bonatto & Zaher 2019 Hahn 1980 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 Family Viperidae (Vipers)
Genus Bothrops (American Lanceheads)
 
Bothrops atrox

Common Lancehead

Avila-Pires 2005 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Parker 1935 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Bothrops bilineatus

Two-striped Forest Pitviper

Avila-Pires 2005 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Parker 1935 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021
 
Bothrops oligobalius

Northern Velvety Lancehead

Avila-Pires 2005 [as B. brazili] Campbell & Lamar 2004 [as B. brazili] Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 [as B. brazili] David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 [as B. brazili] Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 [as B. brazili] Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021
 
Bothrops taeniatus

Speckled Forest Pitviper

Avila-Pires 2005 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Means 2004
Genus Crotalus (Typical Rattlesnakes)
 
Crotalus durissus

South American Rattlesnake

Avila-Pires 2005 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
Genus Lachesis (Bushmasters)
 
Lachesis muta

South American Bushmaster

Avila-Pires 2005 Barrio-Amoros, Corrales, Rodriguez, Culebras, Dwyer & Flores 2020 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008

Turtles (Testudines)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Chelidae (Austro-American Side-necked Turtles)
Genus Chelus (Matamatas)
 
Chelus orinocensis

Orinoco Matamata

Avila-Pires 2005 [as fimbriata] Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 [as fimbriata] Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 [as fimbriata] Iverson 1992 [as fimbriata] King & Burke 1989 [as fimbriata] Lima Silveira 2011 [as fimbriata] Pritchard 2008 [as fimbriata] Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 [as fimbriata] Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Vargas-Ramirez, Caballero, Morales-Betancourt, Lasso, Amaya, Martinez, Silva Viana, Vogt, Pires Farias, Hrbek, Campbell & Fritz 2020
Genus Mesoclemmys (Hump-backed Toad-headed Turtles)
 
Mesoclemmys gibba

Gibba Toad-headed Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Fritz & Havas 2006 King & Burke 1989 Lima Silveira 2011 Mittermeier, Rhodin, Medem, Soini, Hoogmoed & Espinoza 1978 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
Genus Phrynops (Lesser Toad-headed Turtles)
 
Phrynops geoffroanus

Brazilian Toad-headed Turtle

King & Burke 1989 Reynolds 1990 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008
 
Phrynops tuberosus

Spotted Toad-headed Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Bonin, Devaux & Dupre 2006 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Reynolds 1990 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
Genus Platemys (Twist-necked Turtle)
 
Platemys platycephala

Twist-necked Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 King & Burke 1989 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles)
Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)
 
Caretta caretta

Loggerhead Sea Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 King & Burke 1989 Pritchard 1979 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)
 
Chelonia mydas

Green Sea Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 King & Burke 1989 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Schulz in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982
Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)
 
Eretmochelys imbricata

Hawksbill Sea Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 King & Burke 1989 Pritchard 1979 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Schulz in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982
Genus Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles)
 
Lepidochelys olivacea

Olive Ridley Sea Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 King & Burke 1989 Pritchard 1979 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Schulz in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982
 Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
 
Dermochelys coriacea

Leatherback Sea Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 King & Burke 1989 Pritchard 1979 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Geoemydidae (Eastern Pond Turtles)
Genus Rhinoclemmys (Neotropical Wood Turtles)
 
Rhinoclemmys punctularia

Eastern Spotted-legged Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 King & Burke 1989 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Kinosternidae (American Mud and Musk Turtles)
Genus Kinosternon (American Mud Turtles)
 
Kinosternon scorpioides

Scorpion Mud Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Berry & Iverson 2011 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 King & Burke 1989 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Podocnemididae (Giant Side-necked Turtles)
Genus Podocnemis (South American Side-necked River Turtles)
 
Podocnemis expansa

Giant South American River Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 Iverson 1992 King & Burke 1989 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 
Podocnemis unifilis

Yellow-spotted Amazon River Turtle

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 King & Burke 1989 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Testudinidae (Tortoises)
Genus Chelonoidis (South American Tortoises)
 
Chelonoidis carbonarius

South American Red-footed Tortoise

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 King & Burke 1989 MacCulloch & Reynolds 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 
Chelonoidis denticulatus

South American Yellow-footed Tortoise

Avila-Pires 2005 Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch & Lathrop 2013 Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005 King & Burke 1989 Reynolds & MacCulloch 2012 Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021