|
= endemic EX = extinct or assumed extinct
![](../DIV/Transparent_50x5.gif)
Genus
Anilius (South American Pipe Snake) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Aniliidae/GIF/Anilius_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Anilius_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Aniliidae/GIF/Anilius_scytale_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Anilius scytale
South American Pipe Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Maschio, Lima & Costa Prudente 2005
Maschio, Prudente, Rodrigues & Hoogmoed 2010
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Valls Moraes & Yuki 1998
Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Boa (Red-tailed Boas) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Boidae/GIF/Boa_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Boa_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Boidae/GIF/Boa_constrictor_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Boa constrictor
South American Red-tailed Boa | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Boidae/GIF/Corallus_hortulana_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Corallus hortulana
Amazon Tree Boa | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 [as enydris]
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Henderson 1997
Henderson 2002
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Boidae/GIF/Epicrates_cenchria_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Epicrates cenchria
Common Rainbow Boa | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Andrade-Junior, Soares Franca, Sudre & Passos 2020
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Passos & Fernandes 2008
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Boidae/GIF/Eunectes_murinus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Eunectes murinus
Green Anaconda | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Dirksen 2002
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Murphy & Henderson 1997
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991 [as Eunectes barbouri]
Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as barbouri]
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Stimson 1969 [as E. barbouri]
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Apostolepis_nigrolineata_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Apostolepis nigrolineata
Para Blackhead | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Curcio, Nunes, Harvey & Rodrigues 2011
Entiauspe-Neto, Koch, Guedes & Tiutenko 2020
Ferrarezzi, Barbo & Albuquerque 2005 [as pymi]
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Lema & Albuquerque 2010 [as pymi]
Lema 2001
Lema, Queiroz & Martins 2017
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011 [as pymi]
Nogueira, Barbo & Ferrarezzi 2012 [as pymi]
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Atractus_albuquerquei_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Atractus albuquerquei
Guama River Spindle Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha & Nascimento 1983
Nascimento, Avila Pires & Cunha 1988
Passos & Fernandes 2008
Passos, Azevedo, Nogueira, Fernandes & Sawaya 2019
Silva, Silva, Ribeiro, Souza & Souza 2005
Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014
Zaher, Souza, Gower, Hingst-Zaher & Silva 2005
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Atractus_snethlageae_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Atractus snethlageae
Gurupi River Spindle Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Frota 2000
Martins & Oliveira 1993
Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, Venegas & Torres-Carvajal 2021
Passos & Fernandes 2008
Passos, Ramos, Fouquet & Prudente 2017
Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Cercophis (Atlantic Forest Liana Snake) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Cercophis_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Cercophis_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Chironius_carinatus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Chironius carinatus
Yellow-lipped Sipo | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Araujo, Franca, Nascimento, Orsi Laranjeiras & Rodrigues Franca 2019
Avila-Pires 2005
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Chironius_exoletus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Chironius exoletus
Green Sipo | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993
Frota & Yuki 2002
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Chironius_fuscus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Chironius fuscus
Brown Sipo | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Chlorosoma_viridissimum_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Chlorosoma viridissimum
Emerald Bush Racer | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Rocha & Loebmann 2018
Freitas, Franca & Bernarde 2012
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Thomas 1976
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Clelia (Northern Snake Eaters) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Clelia_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Clelia_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Dendrophidion_dendrophis_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Dendrophidion dendrophis
Tawny Forest Racer | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Freire, Caramaschi & Goncalves 2010
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987
Prudente, Maschio, Yamashina & Santos-Costa 2007
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Dipsas_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Dipsas_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Dipsas_catesbyi_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Dipsas catesbyi
Ornate Snail Eater | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Lima & Prudente 2009
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Sanchez-Martinez, Franca & Trevine 2022
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Dipsas_pavonina_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Dipsas pavonina
Northern Snail Eater | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Lima & Prudente 2009
Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Peters 1960
Peters 1965
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Drymarchon_corais_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Drymarchon corais
Yellow-tailed Cribo | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Prudente, Menks, Silva & Maschio 2014
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Wuster, Yrausquin & Mijares-Urrutia 2001
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Drymoluber_dichrous_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Drymoluber dichrous
Northern Glossy Racer | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Caldeira-Costa, Ribeiro-Moura & Neves-Feio 2013
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Erythrolamprus_poecilogyrus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus
Yellow-bellied Smooth Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019
Avila-Pires 2005
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Koch, Nunez, Azevedo, Moraes, Tiutenko, Bialves & Loebmann 2021
Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Erythrolamprus_reginae_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Erythrolamprus reginae
Northern Royal Smooth Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Albarelli & Santos-Costa 2010
Amaral 1949
Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 [as oligolepis]
Dixon 1989
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Erythrolamprus_typhlus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Erythrolamprus typhlus
Velvety Smooth Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Dixon 1987
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Helicops (South American Keelbacks) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Helicops_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Helicops_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Helicops_angulatus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Helicops angulatus
Brown-banded Keelback | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Borges-Nojosa, Dourado de Mesquita & Fernandes-Ferreira 2008
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota 2005
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Kawashita-Ribeiro, Avila & Morais 2013
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013
Roberto, Ribeiro, Sousa-Delfino & Oliveira-Almeida 2009
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Helicops_hagmanni_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Helicops hagmanni
Amazonian Keelback | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Frota 2005
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Rodrigues & Curcio 2021
Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Strussmann, Teixeira, Andrade, Sudre, Recoder, Rodrigues & Curcio 2019
Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Rossman 1975
Roux 1910
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Helicops_polylepis_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Helicops polylepis
South American Many-scaled Keelback | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Frota 2005
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Rodrigues & Curcio 2021
Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Strussmann, Teixeira, Andrade, Sudre, Recoder, Rodrigues & Curcio 2019
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Helicops_tapajonicus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Helicops tapajonicus
Tapajos River Keelback | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Frota 2005
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Rodrigues & Curcio 2021
Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Strussmann, Teixeira, Andrade, Sudre, Recoder, Rodrigues & Curcio 2019
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Helicops_trivittatus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Helicops trivittatus
Three-striped Keelback | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Frota 2005
Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Strussmann, Teixeira, Andrade, Sudre, Recoder, Rodrigues & Curcio 2019
Oliveira, Silva, Santos, Barriga, Gabriel & Costa-Campos 2015
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Hydrops (South American Mud Snakes) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Hydrops_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Hydrops_bibliography_link.gif) |
Genus
Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Imantodes_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Imantodes_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Imantodes_cenchoa_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Imantodes cenchoa
Common Blunt-headed Tree Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Leptodeira_annulata_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Leptodeira annulata
South American Banded Cat-eyed Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Duellman 1958
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013
Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Leptophis_ahaetulla_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Leptophis ahaetulla
Common Green Parrot Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022
Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa & Avila 2022
Amaral 1949 [as richardi]
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013
Oliver 1948
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Lygophis (South American Striped Ground Snakes) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Lygophis_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Lygophis_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Mastigodryas_boddaerti_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Mastigodryas boddaerti
Brown Lizard Eater | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Montingelli 2009
Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019
Montingelli, Valencia, Benavides & Zaher 2011
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Siqueira, Nascimento & Santos-Costa 2012
Siqueira, Nascimento, Montingelli & Santos-Costa 2013
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Oxybelis (Neotropical Vine Snakes) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Oxybelis_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Oxybelis_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Oxybelis_aeneus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Oxybelis aeneus
Brown Vine Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Jadin, Blair, Orlofske, Jowers, Rivas, Vitt, Ray, Smith & Murphy 2020
Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Oxybelis_fulgidus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Oxybelis fulgidus
Green Vine Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Scartozzoni, Salomao & Almeida-Santos 2009
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Phimophis (South American Shovel-nosed Snakes) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Phimophis_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Phimophis_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Phrynonax_sexcarinatus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Phrynonax sexcarinatus
Southern Bird Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949 [as polylepis]
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010 [as Pseustes poecilonotus]
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009 [as Pseustes poecilonotus]
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 [as polylepis]
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 [as polylepis]
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005 [as polylepis]
Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015 [as poecilonotus]
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011 [as Pseustes poecilonotus]
Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Pseudoboa_coronata_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Pseudoboa coronata
Black-headed Scarlet Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Caldeira Costa, Cotta & MacCulloch 2015
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
Zaher, Oliveira & Franco 2008
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Sibon (Neotropical Snail Eaters) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Sibon_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Sibon_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Siphlophis_cervinus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Siphlophis cervinus
Common Liana Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987
Prudente, Silva, Santos Meireles & Puorto 2017
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Zaher & Prudente 1999
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Siphlophis_compressus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Siphlophis compressus
Red-headed Liana Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Abegg, Santos, Ortiz, Moraes & Freitas 2017
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Guedes, Nunes, Prudente & Marques 2011
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Siphlophis_worontzowi_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Siphlophis worontzowi
Amazon Liana Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Costa, Sao-Pedro & Feio 2010
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Moravec, Aparicio, Guerrero-Reinhard & Calderon 2009
Prudente, Silva, Santos Meireles & Puorto 2017
Santos, Guimaraes-Guedes & Ribeiro 2003
Vechio, Teixeira-Junior, Neto & Rodrigues 2015
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Spilotes_pullatus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Spilotes pullatus
Chicken Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Taeniophallus_brevirostris_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Taeniophallus brevirostris
Short-nosed Leaf-litter Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Morais, Mott, Kawashita-Ribeiro & Santos 2010
Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011
Santos, Di-Bernardo & Lema 2008
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Tantilla_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Tantilla_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Tantilla_melanocephala_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Tantilla melanocephala
South American Black-headed Centipede Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Barbour 1914 [as Elapomorphus nuchalis]
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Sawaya & Sazima 2003
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Valls Moraes & Yuki 1998
Wilson & Mena 1980
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads and South American Hognose Snakes) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Xenodon_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Xenodon_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Xenodon_rabdocephalus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Xenodon rabdocephalus
Common Mock Lancehead | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949 [as colubrinus]
Andrade-Lima, Freitas, Dubeux, Sales Nunes, Roberto & Carvalho Kokubum 2020
Avila-Pires 2005
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Xenopholis (South American Flat-headed Snakes) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Xenopholis_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Xenopholis_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Xenopholis_scalaris_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Xenopholis scalaris
Northern Flat-headed Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Hamdan, Machado & Citeli 2015
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Xenoxybelis_argenteus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Xenoxybelis argenteus
Green-striped Vine Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Prudente, Silva, Rocha & Franco 2008
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Zonateres_lanei_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Zonateres lanei
Pantanal Mock Viper | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Bailey, Thomas & Silva 2005
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022
Franco, Trevine, Montingelli & Zaher 2017
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Family
Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.) | ![](../maps1/TAX/FAM_ORDER_CLASS/GIF/Elapidae_1_60h.gif) | ![](../links/Elapidae_1_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Elapidae_1/GIF/Micrurus_filiformis_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Micrurus filiformis
South American Slender Coral Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Campbell & Lamar 2004
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981
Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Roze 1996
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Elapidae_1/GIF/Micrurus_hemprichii_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Micrurus hemprichii
Worm-eating Coral Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Bernarde, Turci, Abegg & Franco 2018
Campbell & Lamar 2004
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981
Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Nascimento, Silva, Feitosa & Prudente 2019
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Roze 1996
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Elapidae_1/GIF/Micrurus_lemniscatus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Micrurus lemniscatus
Northern Ribbon Coral Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Campbell & Lamar 1989
Campbell & Lamar 2004
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981
Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011
Roze 1996
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Elapidae_1/GIF/Micrurus_paraensis_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Micrurus paraensis
Para Coral Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Campbell & Lamar 2004
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018
Feitosa, Prudente & Lima 2007
Feitosa, Silva, Pires, Zaher & Prudente 2015
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Nascimento, Avila Pires & Cunha 1988
Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987
Ribeiro-Junior, Rossi, Miranda & Avila-Pires 2011
Roze 1996
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Elapidae_1/GIF/Micrurus_spixii_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Micrurus spixii
Central Amazonian Coral Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012
Campbell & Lamar 2004
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Nascimento, Silva, Feitosa & Prudente 2019
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Roze 1996
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Elapidae_1/GIF/Micrurus_surinamensis_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Micrurus surinamensis
Amazonian Aquatic Coral Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Campbell & Lamar 2004
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981
Nascimento, Silva, Feitosa & Prudente 2019
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Roze 1996
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Epictia (Neotropical Thread Snakes) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Leptotyphlopidae/GIF/Epictia_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Epictia_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Leptotyphlopidae/GIF/Trilepida_macrolepis_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Trilepida macrolepis
Large-scaled Thread Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Adalsteinsson, Branch, Trape, Vitt & Hedges 2009
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Martins, Koch, Pinto, Folly, Fouquet & Passos 2019
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Passos, Caramaschi & Pinto 2006
Pinto & Fernandes 2012
Pinto & Fernandes 2017
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Typhlopidae/GIF/Amerotyphlops_reticulatus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amerotyphlops reticulatus
Reticulated Blind Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Dixon & Hendricks 1979
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Nascimento, Avila-Pires & Cunha 1987
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Viperidae/GIF/Bothrocophias_hyoprora_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Bothrocophias hyoprora
Amazonian Toad-headed Pitviper | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Carvalho, Fraga, Eler, Kawashita-Ribeiro, Feldberg, Vogt, Carvalho, Noronha, Condrati & Bittencourt 2013
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Oliveira, Araujo, Prudente, Fraga, Almeida & Ascenso 2018
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Viperidae/GIF/Bothrops_atrox_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Bothrops atrox
Common Lancehead | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires 2005
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Bernardo, Guerra-Fuentes, Matiazzi & Zaher 2012
Campbell & Lamar 2004
Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Oliveira, Ruz & Barros 2013
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Santos-Costa, Maschio & Prudente 2015
Silva, Menks, Prudente, Costa, Travassos & Galatti 2011
Yuki & Santos 1998
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Viperidae/GIF/Bothrops_bilineatus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Bothrops bilineatus
Two-striped Forest Pitviper | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Bernarde, Costa, Machado & Avelar Sao Pedro 2011
Campbell & Lamar 2004
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981
Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Viperidae/GIF/Bothrops_taeniatus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Bothrops taeniatus
Speckled Forest Pitviper | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949 [as castelnaudi]
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Avila-Pires, Vitt, Sartorius & Zani 2009
Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985 [as castelnaudi]
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 [as B. castelnaudi]
Mendes-Pinto & Souza 2011
Souza, Venancio, Freitas, Souza & Verissimo 2013
Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021
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![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Viperidae/GIF/Lachesis_muta_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
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Lachesis muta
South American Bushmaster | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Amaral 1949
Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed & Rocha 2010
Barrio-Amoros, Corrales, Rodriguez, Culebras, Dwyer & Flores 2020
Campbell & Lamar 2004
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Cunha, Nascimento & Avila-Pires 1985
David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018
Fernandes, Franco & Fernandes 2004
Frota, Santos, Chaldikis & Guedes 2005
Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981
Nascimento, Avila-Pires, Santos & Lima 1991
Rodrigues, Maschio & Prudente 2016
Yuki & Santos 1998
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