Reptiles of
Trinidad & Tobago 

Related checklists:  Tobago - Trinidad

Bibliography of the reptiles of Trinidad & Tobago Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Trinidad & Tobago Introduced species
Home - Taxonomy - Geography - Biodiversity - Literature - Purchase RepFocus Recent updates
Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist
General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial.
Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:
Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Amphisbaenidae (Typical Worm Lizards)
Genus Amphisbaena (Neotropical Worm Lizards)
 
Amphisbaena alba

Common Red Worm Lizard

Gans 1962 Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Murphy 1997 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970
 
Amphisbaena fuliginosa

Spotted Worm Lizard

Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Murphy 1997 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Vanzolini 2002

Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Alligatoridae (Alligators and Caimans)
Genus Caiman (Typical Caimans)
 
Caiman crocodilus

Common Caiman

Boos & Quesnel 1968 Busack & Pandya 2001 Hardy 1982 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Wermuth & Mertens 1977
Genus Paleosuchus (Dwarf Caimans)
 
Paleosuchus palpebrosus

Cayenne Dwarf Caiman

Ali, Rampersad-Ali & Murphy 2016
 Family Crocodylidae (Crocodiles)
Genus Crocodylus (Typical Crocodiles)
 
Crocodylus intermedius

Orinoco Crocodile

Murphy 1997 Thorbjarnarson & Franz 1987

Lizards (Sauria)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Anolidae (Anoles)
Genus Norops (Brilliant Anoles)
 
Norops planiceps

Orange-fanned Leaf-litter Anole

D'Angiolella, Gamble, Avila-Pires, Colli, Noonan & Vitt 2011 Murphy 1997 [as chrysolepis] Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 
Norops vittigerus

Garland Anole

Koehler 1999
 Family Gekkonidae (Typical Geckos)
Genus Hemidactylus (Half-toed Geckos)
 
Hemidactylus palaichthus

Guyana Half-toed Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 Hardy 1982 MacLean, Kellner & Dennis 1977 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Powell 1990 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Schwartz & Henderson 1991
 Family Gymnophthalmidae (Scaly-tongued Spectacled Tejus)
Genus Bachia (Earless Tejus)
 
Bachia trinitatis

Trinidad Earless Teju

Barbour 1914 Dixon 1973 [as B. heteropa] Hardy 1982 [as B. heteropa alleni] Mertens 1972 [as B. a. alleni] Murphy 1997 [as B. heteropa alleni] Murphy, Salvi, Santos, Braswell, Charles, Borzee & Jowers 2019 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Schwartz & Henderson 1991 [as B. heteropa alleni]
  *
Bachia whitei

Tobago Earless Teju

Hardy 1982 [as "B. cf. flavescens"] Murphy 1997 [as B. flavescens] Murphy, Salvi, Santos, Braswell, Charles, Borzee & Jowers 2019
Genus Gymnophthalmus (Snake-eyed Tejus)
 
Gymnophthalmus underwoodi

Smooth-scaled Snake-eyed Teju

Censky & Lindsay 1997 Cole, Dessauer & Markezich 1993 Cole, Dessauer, Townsend & Arnold 1990 Murphy 1997 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Schwartz & Henderson 1991 Snyder, Schmidt, McMullin, Parker & Ferus 2017
Genus Oreosaurus (Northern Highland Spectacled Tejus)
  *
Oreosaurus shrevei

Trinidad Highland Teju

Arredondo & Sanchez-Pachego 2010 Doan & Castoe 2005 Kizirian 1996 Murphy 1997 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sanchez-Pacheco, Torres-Carvajal, Aguirre-Penafiel, Nunes, Verrastro, Rivas, Rodrigues, Grant & Murphy 2017
 Family Iguanidae (Greater Iguanas)
Genus Iguana (Green Iguanas)
 
Iguana iguana

South American Green Iguana

Etheridge in Burghardt & Rand 1982 Hardy 1982 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 Family Phyllodactylidae (Leaf-toed Geckos)
Genus Thecadactylus (Turnip-tailed Geckos)
 
Thecadactylus rapicauda

Northern Turnip-tailed Gecko

Hardy 1982 Koehler & Vesely 2011 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Schwartz & Henderson 1991 Wermuth 1965
 Family Polychrotidae (Monkey Lizards)
Genus Polychrus (Monkey Lizards)
 
Polychrus auduboni

Venezuelan Monkey Lizard

Murphy, Lehtinen, Charles, Wasserman, Anton & Brennan 2017 Torres-Carvajal, Koch, Venegas & Poe 2017
 
Polychrus marmoratus

Marbled Monkey Lizard

Boos & Quesnel 1968 Hardy 1982 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015
 Family Scincidae (Skinks)
Genus Copeoglossum (Neotropical Spotted Skinks)
 
Copeoglossum aurae

Greater Windward Skink

Hedges & Conn 2012 Miralles & Carranza 2010 [as Mabuya nigropunctata] Miralles 2006 [as Mabuya nigropunctata] Miralles, Barrio-Amoros, Rivas & Chaparro-Auza 2006 [as Mabuya nigropunctata] Miralles, Rivas-Fuenmayor & Barrio-Amoros 2005 [as Mabuya nigropunctata]
Genus Marisora (Middle American Skinks)
 
Marisora aurulae

Lesser Windward Skink

Hedges & Conn 2012 Miralles & Carranza 2010 [as falconensis] Miralles, Chaparro & Harvey 2009 [as falconensis]
Genus Varzea (Amazonian Floodplain Skinks)
 
Varzea bistriata

Lower Amazon Floodplain Skink

Hardy 1982 Mertens 1972 [as Mabuya m. mabouya] Schwartz & Henderson 1991 [as Mabuya mabouya]
 Family Sphaerodactylidae (Least Geckos, etc.)
Genus Gonatodes (American Padless Geckos)
 
Gonatodes ceciliae

Paria Padless Gecko

Murphy 1997 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2011 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2013
  *
Gonatodes ferrugineus

Trinidad Padless Gecko

Avila-Pires 1995 [as humeralis] Murphy 1997 [as humeralis] Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 [as humeralis] Pinto, Colli, Higham, Russell, Scantlebury, Vitt & Gamble 2018 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 [as humeralis] Ribeiro-Junior 2015 [as humeralis] Wermuth 1965 [as humeralis]
  *
Gonatodes ocellatus

Ocellated Padless Gecko

Hardy 1982 Hardy 1984 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Wermuth 1965
 
Gonatodes vittatus

White-banded Padless Gecko

Hardy 1982 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2011 Sturaro & Avila-Pires 2013
Genus Sphaerodactylus (Least Geckos)
 
Sphaerodactylus molei

Trinidad Speckled Least Gecko

Hardy 1982 Harris & Kluge 1984 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Wermuth 1965
 Family Teiidae (Greater Tejus)
Genus Ameiva (South American Ameivas)
 
Ameiva atrigularis

Black-throated Ameiva

Hardy 1982 [as ameiva] Harvey, Ugueto & Gutberlet 2012 Mertens 1972 [as ameiva] Murphy 1997 [as ameiva] Schwartz & Henderson 1991 [as ameiva] Ugueto & Harvey 2011
Genus Cnemidophorus (Southern Whiptails)
 
Cnemidophorus lemniscatus

Rainbow Whiptail

Murphy 1997 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Schwartz & Henderson 1991
Genus Kentropyx (Spurred Whiptails)
 
Kentropyx striata

Surinam Striped Whiptail

Avila-Pires 1995 Gallagher & Dixon 1992 Murphy 1997 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016
Genus Tupinambis (Northern Tejus)
 
Tupinambis cryptus

Northern Black-and-White Teju

Koehler & Langerwerf 2000 [as teguixin] Murphy 1997 [as teguixin] Murphy, Jowers, Lehtinen, Charles, Colli, Peres, Hendry & Pyron 2016 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 [as teguixin]
 Family Tropiduridae (Rough-tailed Iguanas)
Genus Plica (Tree Runners)
 
Plica caribeana

Caribbean Tree Runner

Avila-Pires 1995 [as plica] Etheridge 1970 [as P. plica] Hoogmoed 1973 [as plica] Murphy & Jowers 2013 Murphy 1997 [as plica] Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 [as plica] Ribeiro-Junior 2015 [as plica]

Snakes (Serpentes)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Aniliidae (South American Pipe Snake)
Genus Anilius (South American Pipe Snake)
 
Anilius scytale

South American Pipe Snake

Boos 2001
 Family Boidae (Typical Boas)
Genus Boa (Red-tailed Boas)
 
Boa constrictor

South American Red-tailed Boa

Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 Hardy 1982 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stimson 1969
Genus Corallus (Tree Boas)
 
Corallus ruschenbergerii

Mangrove Tree Boa

Boos 2001 Henderson 1997 Henderson 2002 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999
Genus Epicrates (Rainbow Boas)
 
Epicrates maurus

Northern Rainbow Boa

Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 [as cenchria] Hardy 1982 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 [as cenchria] Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stimson 1969
Genus Eunectes (Anacondas)
 
Eunectes murinus

Green Anaconda

Boos 2001 Dirksen 2002 Emsley 1977 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stimson 1969
 Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids)
Genus Atractus (Spindle Snakes)
 
Atractus fuliginosus

Sooty Spindle Snake

Jowers, Schargel, Munoz-Merida, Sanchez-Ramirez, Weber, Faria, Harris & Murphy 2021 Murphy, Braswell, Weems, Auguste, Rivas, Rutherford, Schargel & Jowers 2021
 
Atractus trilineatus

Venezuelan Three-lined Spindle Snake

Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 Hardy 1982 Koehler & Kieckbusch 2014 Martins & Oliveira 1993 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Murphy, Salvi, Braswell & Jowers 2019 Murphy, Salvi, Braswell & Jowers 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
 
Atractus univittatus

One-striped Spindle Snake

Boos 2001 [as "cf. univittatus"] Hardy 1982 Murphy 1997
Genus Chironius (Sipos)
 
Chironius carinatus

Yellow-lipped Sipo

Boos 2001 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Emsley 1977 Murphy 1997
 
Chironius scurrulus

Rusty Sipo

Boos 2001 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993
 
Chironius septentrionalis

Northern Sipo

Boos 2001 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993
Genus Clelia (Northern Snake Eaters)
 
Clelia clelia

Common Snake Eater

Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 Murphy 1997 Schwartz & Henderson 1991 Zaher 1996
Genus Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters)
  *
Dipsas trinitatis

Trinidad Snail Eater

Boos 2001 Cadle & Myers 2003 Emsley 1977 [as variegata] Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 Murphy & Rutherford 2014 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965
 
Dipsas variegata

Many-banded Snail Eater

Murphy & Rutherford 2014
Genus Drymarchon (Indigo Snakes and Cribos)
 
Drymarchon corais

Yellow-tailed Cribo

Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 Hardy 1982 McCranie 1980 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wuster, Yrausquin & Mijares-Urrutia 2001
Genus Dryophylax (Northern Mock Vipers)
 
Dryophylax ramonriveroi

Turimiquire Mock Viper

Ali & Rampersad-Ali 2016 Bailey & Thomas 2007 Boos 1984 [as T. strigatus] Boos 2001 [as Thamnodynastes sp.] Murphy 1997 [as Thamnodynastes sp.]
Genus Erythrolamprus (Neotropical Smooth Snakes)
 
Erythrolamprus aesculapii

Southern Mock Coral Snake

Boos 2001 Curcio, Scali & Rodrigues 2015 Emsley 1977 Murphy 1997
 
Erythrolamprus bizonus

Double-banded Mock Coral Snake

Boos 2001
 
Erythrolamprus cobellus

South American Red-bellied Smooth Snake

Beebe 1946 Boos 2001 Dixon 1989 Emsley 1977 Hardy 1982 Murphy 1997
 
Erythrolamprus melanotus

South American Black-backed Smooth Snake

Boos 2001 Dixon & Michaud 1992 Dixon 1989 Emsley 1977 Hardy 1982 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Murphy, Braswell, Charles, Auguste, Rivas, Borzee, Lehtinen & Jowers 2019 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Schwartz & Henderson 1991 Torres-Carvajal & Hinojosa 2020
  *
Erythrolamprus ocellatus

Ocellated Mock Coral Snake

Boos 2001 [as aesculapii] Curcio, Scali & Rodrigues 2015 Emsley 1977 [as aesculapii] Hardy 1982 [as aesculapii] Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Torres-Carvajal & Hinojosa 2020
  *
Erythrolamprus pseudoreginae

Tobago Mock Coral Snake

Dixon 1989 [as Liophis reginae] Murphy 1997 [as reginae] Murphy, Braswell, Charles, Auguste, Rivas, Borzee, Lehtinen & Jowers 2019 Torres-Carvajal & Hinojosa 2020
 
Erythrolamprus zweifeli

Yellow-speckled Smooth Snake

Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Boos 2001 Dixon 1989 Emsley 1977 [as reginae] Murphy 1997 [as reginae] Murphy, Braswell, Charles, Auguste, Rivas, Borzee, Lehtinen & Jowers 2019 Torres-Carvajal & Hinojosa 2020
Genus Helicops (South American Keelbacks)
 
Helicops angulatus

Brown-banded Keelback

Emsley 1977 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Roberto, Ribeiro, Sousa-Delfino & Oliveira-Almeida 2009
Genus Hydrops (South American Mud Snakes)
 
Hydrops triangularis

Red-sided Mud Snake

Albuquerque & Lema 2008 Boos 2001 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Roze 1957
Genus Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes)
 
Imantodes cenchoa

Common Blunt-headed Tree Snake

Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 Hardy 1982 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Genus Leptodeira (Typical Cat-eyed Snakes)
 
Leptodeira annulata

South American Banded Cat-eyed Snake

Emsley 1977 Hardy 1982 Murphy 1997
 
Leptodeira ashmeadi

Venezuelan Cat-eyed Snake

Barrio-Amoros 2019 Boos 2001 Duellman 1958 Mertens 1972 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Genus Leptophis (Neotropical Parrot Snakes)
 
Leptophis coeruleodorsus

Striped Green Parrot Snake

Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa & Avila 2022 Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 [as ahaetulla] Hardy 1982 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Murphy, Charles, Lehtinen & Koeller 2013 [as haileyi] Oliver 1948 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Torres-Carvajal & Teran 2021
  *
Leptophis stimsoni

Trinidad Parrot Snake

Boos 2001 Harding 1995
Genus Mastigodryas (Neotropical Lizard Eaters)
 
Mastigodryas amarali

Venezuelan Lizard Eater

Montingelli & Zaher 2011 Montingelli 2009 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
 
Mastigodryas boddaerti

Brown Lizard Eater

Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Murphy 1997
  *
Mastigodryas dunni

Tobago Lizard Eater

Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 [as boddaerti] Hardy 1982 [as boddaerti] Mertens 1972 Montingelli 2009 Murphy 1997 [as boddaerti] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stuart 1941
Genus Ninia (Coffee Snakes)
 
Ninia atrata

Red-naped Coffee Snake

Angarita-Sierra 2014 Boos 2001 Hardy 1982 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Savage 2002
  *
Ninia franciscoi

Arima Coffee Snake

Angarita-Sierra 2014
Genus Oxybelis (Neotropical Vine Snakes)
 
Oxybelis fulgidus

Green Vine Snake

Hardy 1982 Mertens 1972
 
Oxybelis rutherfordi

Trinidad Vine Snake

Boos & Quesnel 1968 [as aeneus] Boos 2001 [as aeneus] Emsley 1977 [as aeneus] Hardy 1982 [as aeneus] Jadin, Blair, Orlofske, Jowers, Rivas, Vitt, Ray, Smith & Murphy 2020 Keiser 1974 [as aeneus] Keiser 1982 [as aeneus] Mertens 1972 [as aeneus] Murphy 1997 [as aeneus]
Genus Oxyrhopus (Calico Snakes)
 
Oxyrhopus petolarius

Banded Calico Snake

Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 Hardy 1982 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Genus Phrynonax (Neotropical Bird Snakes)
 
Phrynonax sexcarinatus

Southern Bird Snake

Boos 2001 [as polylepis] Emsley 1977 [as Pseustes poecilonotus] Murphy 1997 [as polylepis] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as polylepis]
Genus Pseudoboa (Neotropical Scarlet Snakes)
 
Pseudoboa neuwiedii

Northern Scarlet Snake

Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 Hardy 1982 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Genus Sibon (Neotropical Snail Eaters)
 
Sibon nebulatus

Cloudy Snail Eater

Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 Hardy 1982 Harvey 2008 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965
Genus Siphlophis (Liana Snakes)
 
Siphlophis cervinus

Common Liana Snake

Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
 
Siphlophis compressus

Red-headed Liana Snake

Abegg, Santos, Ortiz, Moraes & Freitas 2017 Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Genus Spilotes (Chicken Snakes)
 
Spilotes pullatus

Chicken Snake

Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 Hardy 1982 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
 
Spilotes sulphureus

Yellow-bellied Puffing Snake

Andrade, Santos-Almeida & Reis-Dias 2017 Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Genus Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes)
 
Tantilla melanocephala

South American Black-headed Centipede Snake

Boos 2001 Emsley 1977 Hardy 1982 Jowers, Rivas, Jadin, Braswell, Auguste, Borzee & Murphy 2020 Mertens 1972 Murphy 1997 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015 Wilson & Mena 1980 Wilson 1987 Wilson 1992
 Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.)
Genus Micrurus (American Coral Snakes)
 
Micrurus circinalis

Trinidad Coral Snake

Boos 2001 Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Emsley 1977 [as M. psyches] Jowers, Garcia Mudarra, Charles & Murphy 2019 Murphy 1997 Roze 1996
 
Micrurus diutius

Trinidad Ribbon Coral Snake

Boos 2001 Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Emsley 1977 [as M. lemniscatus] Jowers, Garcia Mudarra, Charles & Murphy 2019 Murphy 1997 Roze 1996
 Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes)
Genus Epictia (Neotropical Thread Snakes)
 
Epictia tenella

Guyana Thread Snake

Boos 2001 [as albifrons] Emsley 1977 Hahn 1980 [as g. goudotii] Hardy 1982 Martins, Koch, Pinto, Folly, Fouquet & Passos 2019 McCranie & Hedges 2016 [as goudotii] McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 [as albifrons] Murphy 1997 [as albifrons] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as g. goudotii] Wallach 2016
 Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes)
Genus Amerotyphlops (American Blind Snakes)
 
Amerotyphlops brongersmianus

Bahia Blind Snake

Boos 2001 Dixon & Hendricks 1979 Graboski, Arredondo, Grazziotin, Silva, Prudente, Rodrigues, Bonatto & Zaher 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Murphy 1997
  *
Amerotyphlops trinitatus

Trinidad Blind Snake

Boos 2001 Dixon & Hendricks 1979 Emsley 1977 Graboski, Arredondo, Grazziotin, Silva, Prudente, Rodrigues, Bonatto & Zaher 2019 Hahn 1980 Hardy 1982 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Murphy 1997 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
 Family Viperidae (Vipers)
Genus Bothrops (American Lanceheads)
 
Bothrops atrox

Common Lancehead

Boos 2001 Campbell & Lamar 2004 [as B. asper] David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Emsley 1977 Murphy 1997 [as B. asper]
Genus Lachesis (Bushmasters)
 
Lachesis muta

South American Bushmaster

Barrio-Amoros, Corrales, Rodriguez, Culebras, Dwyer & Flores 2020 Boos 2001 Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Emsley 1977 Murphy 1997

Turtles (Testudines)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Chelidae (Austro-American Side-necked Turtles)
Genus Chelus (Matamatas)
 
Chelus orinocensis

Orinoco Matamata

Murphy 1997 [as fimbriata] Pritchard 2008 [as fimbriata] Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
Genus Mesoclemmys (Hump-backed Toad-headed Turtles)
 
Mesoclemmys gibba

Gibba Toad-headed Turtle

Brito, Fagundes, Strussmann, Pignati & Vogt 2012 Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 Mittermeier, Rhodin, Medem, Soini, Hoogmoed & Espinoza 1978 Murphy 1997 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Wermuth & Mertens 1977
 Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles)
Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)
 
Caretta caretta

Loggerhead Sea Turtle

Hardy 1982 Murphy 1997 Pritchard 1979 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)
 
Chelonia mydas

Green Sea Turtle

Hardy 1982 Murphy 1997 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)
 
Eretmochelys imbricata

Hawksbill Sea Turtle

Hardy 1982 Murphy 1997 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Walker & Gibson 2015
Genus Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles)
 
Lepidochelys olivacea

Olive Ridley Sea Turtle

Hardy 1982 Murphy 1997 Pritchard 1979 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
 
Dermochelys coriacea

Leatherback Sea Turtle

Murphy 1997 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Geoemydidae (Eastern Pond Turtles)
Genus Rhinoclemmys (Neotropical Wood Turtles)
 
Rhinoclemmys punctularia

Eastern Spotted-legged Turtle

Boos & Quesnel 1968 Fritz & Havas 2006 Hardy 1982 Iverson 1992 Murphy 1997 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Wermuth & Mertens 1977
 Family Kinosternidae (American Mud and Musk Turtles)
Genus Kinosternon (American Mud Turtles)
 
Kinosternon scorpioides

Scorpion Mud Turtle

Berry & Iverson 2011 Murphy 1997 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Testudinidae (Tortoises)
Genus Chelonoidis (South American Tortoises)
 
Chelonoidis denticulatus

South American Yellow-footed Tortoise

Iverson 1992 Murphy 1997 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Wermuth & Mertens 1977