Reptiles of
Piaui [Brazil]

Related checklists:  Brazil

Bibliography of the reptiles of Piaui Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Piaui Introduced species
Home - Taxonomy - Geography - Biodiversity - Literature - Purchase RepFocus Recent updates
Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist
General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial.
Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:
Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Amphisbaenidae (Typical Worm Lizards)
Genus Amphisbaena (Neotropical Worm Lizards)
 
Amphisbaena alba
Common Red Worm Lizard
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Mott & Vieites 2009 Mott 2006 Ribeiro, Sa, Santos-Jr., Graboski, Zaher, Guedes, Andrade & Vaz-Silva 2019 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Amphisbaena frontalis
Alagoado Worm Lizard
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Amphisbaena miringoera
Rio Tapirapes Worm Lizard
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016 [as "aff. meringoera" [sic]]
 
Amphisbaena vermicularis
Vermiculate Worm Lizard
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans & Amdur 1966 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Ribeiro, Gomides & Costa 2020 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Leposternon (South American Worm Lizards)
 
Leposternon polystegum
East Brazilian Worm Lizard
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016

Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Alligatoridae (Alligators and Caimans)
Genus Caiman (Typical Caimans)
 
Caiman crocodilus
Common Caiman
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Olmos & Barbosa-Souza 1991 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Paleosuchus (Dwarf Caimans)
 
Paleosuchus palpebrosus
Cayenne Dwarf Caiman
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017

Lizards (Sauria)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Anolidae (Anoles)
Genus Norops (Brilliant Anoles)
 
Norops brasiliensis
Brazilian Golden-scaled Anole
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 D'Angiolella, Gamble, Avila-Pires, Colli, Noonan & Vitt 2011 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Norops meridionalis
Paraguayan Anole
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 Family Gekkonidae (Typical Geckos)
Genus Hemidactylus (Half-toed Geckos)
 
Hemidactylus agrius
Piaui Half-toed Gecko
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vanzolini 1978 Vanzolini, Ramos-Costa & Vitt 1980
 
Hemidactylus brasilianus
Brazilian Half-toed Gecko
Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Lajmi, Bansal, Giri & Karanth 2019 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vanzolini, Ramos-Costa & Vitt 1980 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Lygodactylus (African-Neotropical Dwarf Geckos)
 
Lygodactylus klugei
Pernambuco Dwarf Gecko
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Lanna, Gehara, Werneck, Fonseca, Colli, Sites, Rodrigues & Garda 2020 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 Family Gymnophthalmidae (Scaly-tongued Spectacled Tejus)
Genus Acratosaura (Bahia Spectacled Tejus)
 
Acratosaura mentalis
Villa Nova Spectacled Teju
Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
Genus Anotosaura (Dwarf Spectacled Tejus)
 
Anotosaura vanzolinia
Agrestina Dwarf Spectacled Teju
Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
Genus Calyptommatus (Northeast Brazilian Earless Sand Sliders)
  *
Calyptommatus confusionibus
Confusoes Sand Slider
Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rodrigues, Zaher & Curcio 2001 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Calyptommatus sinebrachiatus
Santo Inacio Sand Slider
Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
Genus Colobosaura (Short-thumbed Spectacled Tejus)
 
Colobosaura modesta
Morro da Garcza Spectacled Teju
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Colobosauroides (Lesser Spectacled Tejus)
 
Colobosauroides carvalhoi
Bahia Lesser Spectacled Teju
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Recoder, Magalhaes-Junior, Rodrigues, Arruda Pinto, Rodrigues & Camacho 2018 Rodrigues, Pellegrino, Dixo, Verdade, Pavan, Argolo & Sites 2007 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 
Colobosauroides cearensis
Baturite Lesser Spectacled Teju
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Silva, Rodrigues, Barreto & Rocha 2007 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
Genus Micrablepharus (Snake-eyed Glossy Tejus)
 
Micrablepharus maximiliani
Blue-tailed Snake-eyed Glossy Teju
Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Moura, Dayrell & Avelar Sao Pedro 2010 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Nothobachia (Piaui Sand Slider)
 
Nothobachia ablephara
Piaui Sand Slider
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rodrigues 1984 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
Genus Procellosaurinus (Smooth-scaled Sand Sliders)
 
Procellosaurinus erythrocercus
Red-tailed Sand Slider
Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Freitas & Verissimo 2012 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Delfim, Oliveira-Mesquita, Fernandes-Ferreira & Queiroga Cavalcanti 2011 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Vanzosaura (Red-tailed Spectacled Tejus)
 
Vanzosaura multiscutata
Northern Red-tailed Spectacled Teju
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Recoder, Ribeiro & Rodrigues 2013 [as rubricauda] Recoder, Werneck, Teixeira, Colli, Sites & Rodrigues 2014 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 Family Hoplocercidae (Club-tailed Iguanas)
Genus Hoplocercus (Eastern Club-tailed Iguana)
 
Hoplocercus spinosus
Eastern Club-tailed Iguana
Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 Family Iguanidae (Greater Iguanas)
Genus Iguana (Green Iguanas)
 
Iguana iguana
South American Green Iguana
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Coimbra-Filho & Maia 1979 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 Family Leiosauridae (Smooth Iguanas)
Genus Enyalius (Fat-headed Anoles)
 
Enyalius bibronii
Bahia Fat-headed Anole
Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gogliath, Ribeiro & Freire 2010 Oliveira Silva & Moura 2013 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rodrigues, Bertolotto, Amaro, Yonenaga-Yassuda, Freire & Pellegrino 2014 Rodrigues, Freitas, Silva & Bertolotto 2006 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 Family Phyllodactylidae (Leaf-toed Geckos)
Genus Gymnodactylus (Naked-toed Geckos)
 
Gymnodactylus amarali
Maranhao Naked-toed Gecko
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Vanzolini 2004
 
Gymnodactylus geckoides
Northeast Brazilian Naked-toed Gecko
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
Genus Phyllopezus (South American Robust Geckos)
 
Phyllopezus pollicaris
Common Robust Gecko
Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Condez, Tonini, Pereira-Ribeiro & Dubeux 2021 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gamble, Colli, Rodrigues, Werneck & Simons 2012 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 Family Polychrotidae (Monkey Lizards)
Genus Polychrus (Monkey Lizards)
 
Polychrus acutirostris
Sharp-nosed Monkey Lizard
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 Family Scincidae (Skinks)
Genus Brasiliscincus (Brazilian Small-headed Skinks)
 
Brasiliscincus heathi
Caatinga Small-headed Skink
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Copeoglossum (Neotropical Spotted Skinks)
 
Copeoglossum arajara
Caatinga Bronze Skink
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Roberto, Pinto, Menezes, Brito & Ribeiro 2012 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 
Copeoglossum nigropunctatum
Black-spotted Skink
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hedges & Conn 2012 Miralles & Carranza 2010 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Notomabuya (Southern Neotropical Skink)
 
Notomabuya frenata
Southern Neotropical Skink
Caldeira Costa, Dias Fernandes, Vrcibradic & Neves Feio 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hedges & Conn 2012 Miralles & Carranza 2010 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 Family Sphaerodactylidae (Least Geckos, etc.)
Genus Coleodactylus (Sheath-toed Pygmy Geckos)
 
Coleodactylus brachystoma
Cerrado Pygmy Gecko
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Geurgas, Rodrigues & Moritz 2008 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Coleodactylus meridionalis
Atlantic Forest Pygmy Gecko
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Maragno, Ribeiro & Ribeiro 2015 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
Genus Gonatodes (American Padless Geckos)
 
Gonatodes humeralis
Bridled Forest Gecko
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Lacerda Cavalcante & Goncalves Fonseca 2015 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Silva, Rodrigues & Rocha 2007
 Family Teiidae (Greater Tejus)
Genus Ameiva (South American Ameivas)
 
Ameiva ameiva
South American Giant Ameiva
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Lacerda Cavalcante & Goncalves Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Ameivula (Eastern South American Whiptails)
  *
Ameivula confusioniba
Confusoes Mountains Whiptail
Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Arias, Carvalho, Zaher & Rodrigues 2014 Arias, Recoder, Alvarez, Etchepare, Quipildor, Lobo & Rodrigues 2018 Arias, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Morato de Carvalho, Zaher & Rodrigues 2014 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Ameivula ocellifera
Brazilian Ocellated Whiptail
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Aparicio, Avila-Pires, Moravec & Nogueira 2019 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Harvey, Ugueto & Gutberlet 2012 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 
Ameivula pyrrhogularis
Flame-throated Whiptail
Arias, Recoder, Alvarez, Etchepare, Quipildor, Lobo & Rodrigues 2018 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Silva & Avila-Pires 2013 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 
Ameivula xacriaba
Planalto dos Gerais Whiptail
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Glaucomastix (Blue-tailed Whiptails)
  *
Glaucomastix venetacauda
Piaui Blue-tailed Whiptail
Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Arias, Carvalho, Zaher & Rodrigues 2014 Arias, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Morato de Carvalho, Zaher & Rodrigues 2014 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Kentropyx (Spurred Whiptails)
 
Kentropyx calcarata
Striped Forest Whiptail
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Salvator (Southern Tejus)
 
Salvator merianae
Southern Black-and-White Teju
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Lacerda Cavalcante & Goncalves Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Tupinambis (Northern Tejus)
 
Tupinambis quadrilineatus
Four-striped Teju
Abrahao-Morato, Meer, Bornschein, Vieira Capela, Almeida Ulandowski & Zampier 2015 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Silva, Ribeiro-Junior & Avila-Pires 2018 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Tupinambis teguixin
Amazonian Black-and-White Teju
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Lacerda Cavalcante & Goncalves Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Benicio & Fonseca 2014 Coimbra-Filho & Maia 1979 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Passos, Lima-Araujo, Melo & Borges-Nojosa 2013 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 Family Tropiduridae (Rough-tailed Iguanas)
Genus Stenocercus (Whorl-tailed Iguanas)
 
Stenocercus squarrosus
Confucoes Mountains Whorl-tailed Iguana
Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Magalhaes Junior, Andrade, Moura, Ribeiro & Azevedo Junior 2016 Nogueira & Rodrigues 2006 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Torres-Carvajal 2007 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Tropidurus (Eastern Keel-tailed Iguanas)
 
Tropidurus helenae
Piaui Keel-tailed Iguana
Carvalho 2013 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Manzani & Abe 1990 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 
Tropidurus hispidus
Spotted Keel-tailed Iguana
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Lacerda Cavalcante & Goncalves Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Rodrigues 1987 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
  *
Tropidurus jaguaribanus
Jaguaribe Valley Keel-tailed Iguana
Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022
 
Tropidurus oreadicus
Cerrado Keel-tailed Iguana
Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Carvalho 2013 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ribeiro-Junior 2015 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Tropidurus semitaeniatus
Striped Keel-tailed Iguana
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Arias, Carvalho, Rodrigues & Zaher 2011 Coimbra-Filho & Maia 1979 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Manzani & Abe 1990 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Uchoa, Delfim, Mesquita, Colli, Garda & Guedes 2022 Vanzolini, Ramos-Costa & Vitt 1980 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016

Snakes (Serpentes)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Boidae (Typical Boas)
Genus Boa (Red-tailed Boas)
 
Boa constrictor
South American Red-tailed Boa
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Coimbra-Filho & Maia 1979 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Corallus (Tree Boas)
 
Corallus hortulana
Amazon Tree Boa
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Costa-Silva & Henderson 2013 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Epicrates (Rainbow Boas)
 
Epicrates assisi
Caatinga Rainbow Boa
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Stimson 1969 [as E. cenchria xerophilus] Vanzolini, Ramos-Costa & Vitt 1980 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Epicrates crassus
Paraguayan Rainbow Boa
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Eunectes (Anacondas)
 
Eunectes murinus
Green Anaconda
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva-Leite, Roberto, Loebmann, Nascimento & Silva 2010 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids)
Genus Adelphostigma (Twin-spotted Leaf-litter Snakes)
 
Adelphostigma occipitalis
Bahia Leaf-litter Snake
Aquino, Maia, Juca & Passos 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Apostolepis (Black-tailed Blackheads)
 
Apostolepis cearensis
Caatinga Blackhead
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Entiauspe-Neto, Koch, Guedes & Tiutenko 2020 Ferrarezzi, Barbo & Albuquerque 2005 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Lema 2002 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Nogueira, Barbo & Ferrarezzi 2012 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Zamprogno, Zamprogno & Lema 1998
 
Apostolepis longicaudata
Piaui Blackhead
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Curcio, Nunes, Harvey & Rodrigues 2011 Lema 2001 Nogueira, Barbo & Ferrarezzi 2012 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014
 
Apostolepis polylepis
Hawkbeak Blackhead
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Lema 2001 Nogueira, Barbo & Ferrarezzi 2012 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Boiruna (Southern Snake Eaters)
 
Boiruna sertaneja
Sertao Snake Eater
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Zaher 1996
Genus Chironius (Sipos)
 
Chironius carinatus
Yellow-lipped Sipo
Araujo, Franca, Nascimento, Orsi Laranjeiras & Rodrigues Franca 2019 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014
 
Chironius exoletus
Green Sipo
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Chironius flavolineatus
Yellow-striped Sipo
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Chlorosoma (Green Bush Racers)
 
Chlorosoma viridissimum
Emerald Bush Racer
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters)
 
Dipsas mikanii
Brazilian White-collared Snail Eater
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Drymarchon (Indigo Snakes and Cribos)
 
Drymarchon corais
Yellow-tailed Cribo
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Drymoluber (Glossy Racers)
 
Drymoluber brazili
Southern Glossy Racer
Caldeira-Costa, Ribeiro-Moura & Neves-Feio 2013 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Freitas, Franca & Verissimo 2012 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Dryophylax (Northern Mock Vipers)
 
Dryophylax almae
Jararaca Mock Viper
Barbosa, Lima & Guedes 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 
Dryophylax hypoconia
Southern Mock Viper
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014
 
Dryophylax phoenix
Petrolina Mock Viper
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franco, Trevine, Montingelli & Zaher 2017 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021
Genus Erythrolamprus (Neotropical Smooth Snakes)
 
Erythrolamprus macrosomus
Southern Royal Smooth Snake
Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 
Erythrolamprus miliaris
Military Smooth Snake
Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Erythrolamprus mossoroensis
Mossoro Smooth Snake
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981
 
Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus
Yellow-bellied Smooth Snake
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Erythrolamprus reginae
Northern Royal Smooth Snake
Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Erythrolamprus taeniogaster
Banded Smooth Snake
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Erythrolamprus viridis
Brazilian Green Smooth Snake
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon 1987 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Helicops (South American Keelbacks)
 
Helicops angulatus
Brown-banded Keelback
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Roberto, Ribeiro, Sousa-Delfino & Oliveira-Almeida 2009 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Helicops leopardinus
Leopard Keelback
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Rodrigues & Curcio 2021
Genus Hydrodynastes (False Water Cobras)
 
Hydrodynastes gigas
Giant False Water Cobra
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Silva-Leite, Loebmann & Costa Silva 2009
Genus Hydrops (South American Mud Snakes)
 
Hydrops triangularis
Red-sided Mud Snake
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes)
 
Imantodes cenchoa
Common Blunt-headed Tree Snake
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Leptodeira (Typical Cat-eyed Snakes)
 
Leptodeira annulata
South American Banded Cat-eyed Snake
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011
Genus Leptophis (Neotropical Parrot Snakes)
 
Leptophis ahaetulla
Common Green Parrot Snake
Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa & Avila 2022 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Oliver 1948 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Leptophis dibernardoi
Caatinga Parrot Snake
Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa & Avila 2022
Genus Lygophis (South American Striped Ground Snakes)
 
Lygophis dilepis
Northern Striped Ground Snake
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Lema 1989
 
Lygophis paucidens
Cerrado Striped Ground Snake
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Campos Nogueira 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Lema 1989 Michaud & Dixon 1987 Serrano, Vieira-Alencar, Diaz-Ricaurte & Nogueira 2020 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Mastigodryas (Neotropical Lizard Eaters)
 
Mastigodryas boddaerti
Brown Lizard Eater
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Oxybelis (Neotropical Vine Snakes)
 
Oxybelis aeneus
Brown Vine Snake
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Oxybelis fulgidus
Green Vine Snake
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Oxyrhopus (Calico Snakes)
 
Oxyrhopus rhombifer
Rhombic Calico Snake
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Oxyrhopus trigeminus
Northern Brazilian Calico Snake
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Palusophis (Eastern Lizard Eater)
 
Palusophis bifossatus
Eastern Lizard Eater
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Philodryas (South American Bush Racers)
 
Philodryas nattereri
Paraguay Bush Racer
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Smith, Scott, Cacciali, Atkinson & Pheasey 2013 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Philodryas olfersii
Common Green Bush Racer
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Thomas 1976 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Phimophis (South American Shovel-nosed Snakes)
 
Phimophis guerini
Argentine Shovel-nosed Snake
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Filho, Santana, Vieira, Alves, Montenegro & Freitas 2012 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970
Genus Pseudoboa (Neotropical Scarlet Snakes)
 
Pseudoboa neuwiedii
Northern Scarlet Snake
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 
Pseudoboa nigra
Blackish Scarlet Snake
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Orofino, Pizzatto & Marques 2010 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Psomophis (Smooth Ground Snakes)
 
Psomophis joberti
Brazilian Ground Snake
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Rodriguesophis (Collared Sharp-nosed Snakes)
 
Rodriguesophis iglesiasi
Piaui Sharp-nosed Snake
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Lima Silveira 2014 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Spilotes (Chicken Snakes)
 
Spilotes pullatus
Chicken Snake
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes)
 
Tantilla melanocephala
South American Black-headed Centipede Snake
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads and South American Hognose Snakes)
 
Xenodon merremii
Toad-eating Mock Lancehead
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Xenodon nattereri
Banded Hognose Snake
Argolo 2002 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Lima Silveira, Ribeiro Costa & Salles 2004 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Xenopholis (South American Flat-headed Snakes)
 
Xenopholis undulatus
Southern Flat-headed Snake
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
 Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.)
Genus Micrurus (American Coral Snakes)
 
Micrurus ibiboboca
Caatinga Coral Snake
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Pires, Silva, Feitosa, Prudente, Filho & Zaher 2014 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Roze 1996 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes)
Genus Epictia (Neotropical Thread Snakes)
 
Epictia borapeliotes
Caatinga Thread Snake
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Melo Araujo, Rodrigues, Nunes & Andrade 2020
Genus Trilepida (Three-scaled Thread Snakes)
 
Trilepida brasiliensis
Bahia Thread Snake
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Curcio, Zaher & Rodrigues 2002 Lima Silveira 2010 Pinto & Curcio 2011 Pinto & Fernandes 2012 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Trilepida fuliginosa
Preto River Thread Snake
Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016 [as "cf. fuliginosa"]
 Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes)
Genus Amerotyphlops (American Blind Snakes)
 
Amerotyphlops brongersmianus
Bahia Blind Snake
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Loebmann 2008 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 Family Viperidae (Vipers)
Genus Bothrops (American Lanceheads)
 
Bothrops erythromelas
Caatinga Lancehead
Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981
 
Bothrops lutzi
Cerrado Lancehead
Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Coimbra-Filho & Maia 1979 [as iglesiasi] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Guedes, Nogueira & Marques 2014 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 [as B. iglesiasi] Loebmann 2009 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Silva & Rodrigues 2008 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
 
Bothrops moojeni
Brazilian Lancehead
Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013
Genus Crotalus (Typical Rattlesnakes)
 
Crotalus durissus
South American Rattlesnake
Campbell & Lamar 2004 Coimbra-Filho & Maia 1979 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Hoge, Russo, Santos & Furtado 1981 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Rocha & Prudente 2010 Silva Rodrigues & Prudente 2011 Vechio, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2013 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016

Turtles (Testudines)
= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct

Species
References
 Family Chelidae (Austro-American Side-necked Turtles)
Genus Mesoclemmys (Hump-backed Toad-headed Turtles)
 
Mesoclemmys perplexa
Piaui Toad-headed Turtle
Bour & Zaher 2005 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fritz & Havas 2006 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
 
Mesoclemmys tuberculata
Tuberculate Toad-headed Turtle
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Batistella, Poetter, Barreto & Vogt 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Loebmann, Giacometti Mai & Garcia 2006 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Queiroga Cavalcanti, Borges Costa, Rinaldi Colli, Correa Costa, Rodrigues Franca, Oliveira-Mesquita, Silva Palmeira, Pelegrin, Bello Soares, Tucker & Garda 2014 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Santana, Marques, Vieira, Moura, Faria & Mesquita 2016 Vechio, Teixeira Junior, Recoder, Rodrigues & Zaher 2016
Genus Phrynops (Lesser Toad-headed Turtles)
 
Phrynops geoffroanus
Brazilian Toad-headed Turtle
Alves Benicio, Mesquita, Cavalcante & Fonseca 2015 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Madella-Auricchio, Auricchio & Soares 2017 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles)
Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)
 
Caretta caretta
Loggerhead Sea Turtle
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)
 
Chelonia mydas
Green Sea Turtle
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021
Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)
 
Eretmochelys imbricata
Hawksbill Sea Turtle
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Santana, Silva-Leite, Silva & Machado 2009
Genus Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles)
 
Lepidochelys olivacea
Olive Ridley Sea Turtle
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Santana, Silva-Leite, Silva & Machado 2009
 Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)
 
Dermochelys coriacea
Leatherback Sea Turtle
Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Loebmann, Legat, Legat, De Camargo, Erthal, Machado & De Goes 2008 Padua-Almeida, Thome, Baptistotte, Marcovaldi, Santos & Lopez 2011
 Family Emydidae (Western Pond Turtles)
Genus Trachemys (Slider Turtles)
 
Trachemys adiutrix
Maranhao Slider
Araujo, Costa, Santos, Sena, Silva & Barroso de Andrade 2021 Araujo, Ribeiro, Andrade, Pereira, Guzzi & Avila 2020 Batistella, Poetter & Vogt 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Geoemydidae (Eastern Pond Turtles)
Genus Rhinoclemmys (Neotropical Wood Turtles)
 
Rhinoclemmys punctularia
Eastern Spotted-legged Turtle
Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Kinosternidae (American Mud and Musk Turtles)
Genus Kinosternon (American Mud Turtles)
 
Kinosternon scorpioides
Scorpion Mud Turtle
Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021
 Family Testudinidae (Tortoises)
Genus Chelonoidis (South American Tortoises)
 
Chelonoidis carbonarius
South American Red-footed Tortoise
Coimbra-Filho & Maia 1979 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021