Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk).
Latest update: June 24th, 2024.
 
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Genus
Causus
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Night Adders
|
 |
Krötenottern, Nachtottern
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 |
Tudsehugorme, Tudsevipere
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|
1830 |  |
Causus Wagler (type species: Sepedon rhombeata Lichtenstein 1823) |
|
1842 | |
Distichurus Hallowell (type species: Distichurus maculatus Hallowell 1842) |
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1862 | |
Heterophis Peters (type species: Heterophis resimus Peters 1862) |
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1882 | |
Dinodipsas Peters (type species: Dinodipsas angulifera Peters 1882) |
Contents:
9 species, of which 1 (11.1%) is endemic.
Endemism: 0%  100%
Distribution:
SubSaharan Africa.
Reported from:
Angola
(incl.
Cabinda),
Benin,
Botswana,
Burkina Faso,
Burundi,
Cameroon,
Central African Republic,
Chad,
Congo-Brazzaville,
Congo-Kinshasa,
Equatorial Guinea
(Bioko,
Rio Muni),
Eswatini,
Ethiopia,
Gabon,
Gambia,
Ghana,
Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau,
Ivory Coast,
Kenya,
Liberia,
Malawi,
Mali,
Mauritania,
Mozambique,
Namibia,
Niger,
Nigeria,
Rwanda,
Senegal,
Sierra Leone,
Somalia,
South Africa
(Eastern Cape,
Free State,
Gauteng,
KwaZulu-Natal,
Limpopo,
Mpumalanga,
North West Province,
Western Cape),
South Sudan,
Sudan,
Tanzania
(incl.
Zanzibar),
Togo,
Uganda,
Zambia,
Zimbabwe.
| |
|
Causus bilineatus
|
Two-striped Night Adder, Lined Night Adder, (Angolan Night Adder)
|
|
Streifen-Krötenotter
|
|
Tostribet Tudsehugorm
|
|
1905 | |
Causus rhombeatus var. bilineatus Boulenger |
|
| |
Causus bilineatus Laurent 1955 |
|
1955 | |
Causus lineatus Laurent (Golay & al. 1993) |
Distribution:
Angola,
Congo-Kinshasa,
Rwanda,
Tanzania,
Zambia.
|
|
|
Causus defilippii
|
Snouted Night Adder, (Defilippi's Night Adder)
|
|
Defilippis Krötenotter
|
|
Snude-tudsehugorm
|
|
1863 | |
Heterodon de Filippii Jan [incorrect original spelling] |
|
| |
Causus defilippii Mocquard 1892 |
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1863 | |
Causus rostratus Günther (Boulenger 1896) |
Distribution:
Eswatini,
Kenya,
Malawi,
Mozambique,
South Africa
(KwaZulu-Natal,
Limpopo,
Mpumalanga,
North West Province),
Tanzania
(incl.
Zanzibar),
Zambia,
Zimbabwe.
|
|
|
Causus jacksonii
|
Eastern Green Night Adder
|
|
Östliche Grüne Krötenotter
|
|
Østlig Grøn Tudsehugorm
|
|
1888 | |
Causus jacksonii Günther |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of resimus (e.g., Golay & al. 1993).
Revalidated as a separate species by Trape (2023).
Distribution:
Burundi,
Congo-Kinshasa,
Ethiopia,
Kenya,
Rwanda,
Somalia,
South Sudan,
Tanzania,
Uganda.
|
|
|
Causus lichtensteinii
|
Forest Night Adder, Olive-green Viper, (Lichtenstein's Night Adder)
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|
Lichtensteins Krötenotter
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|
Skovtudsehugorm
|
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1859 | |
Aspidelaps lichtensteinii Jan |
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| |
Causus lichtensteinii Duméril 1859 |
|
1882 | |
Dinodipsas angulifera Peters (Golay & al. 1993) |
Remarks:
Reports from Sierra Leone (e.g., David & Ineich 1999; Spawls & Branch 1995) need confirmation (Trape & Baldé 2014).
Distribution:
Angola
(incl.
Cabinda),
Cameroon,
Central African Republic,
Congo-Brazzaville,
Congo-Kinshasa,
Equatorial Guinea
(Bioko,
Rio Muni),
Gabon,
Ghana,
Guinea,
Ivory Coast,
Kenya,
Liberia,
Nigeria,
South Sudan,
Uganda,
Zambia.
|
|
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Causus maculatus
|
West African Night Adder, Spotted Night Adder, Maculate Night Adder, Maculate Adder, (Forest Night Adder)
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|
Gefleckte Krötenotter
|
|
Vestafrikansk Tudsehugorm
|
|
1842 | |
Distichurus maculatus Hallowell |
|
| |
Causus rhombeatus maculatus Laurent 1956 |
|
| |
Causus maculatus Laurent 1964 |
Distribution:
Angola,
Benin,
Burkina Faso,
Cameroon,
Central African Republic,
Chad,
Congo-Brazzaville,
Congo-Kinshasa,
Equatorial Guinea
(Bioko,
Rio Muni),
Ethiopia,
Gabon,
Gambia,
Ghana,
Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau,
Ivory Coast,
Liberia,
Mali,
Mauritania,
Niger,
Nigeria,
Senegal,
Sierra Leone,
South Sudan,
Sudan,
Togo,
Uganda.
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Causus nasalis
|
Southern Green Night Adder
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Südliche Grüne Krötenotter
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Sydlig Grøn Tudsehugorm
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1893 | |
Causus nasalis Stejneger |
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1895 | |
Causus resimus var. angolensis Bocage |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of resimus (e.g., Golay & al. 1993).
Revalidated as a separate species by Trape (2023) and Marques, Parrinha, Lopes-Lima, Tiutenko, Bauer & Ceríaco (2024).
Distribution:
Angola.
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Causus rasmusseni
|
Zambian Night Adder
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|
Sambianische Krötenotter
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|
Zambiansk Tudsehugorm
|
|
2014 | |
Causus rasmusseni Broadley |
Remarks:
The taxonomic status of the single Angolan record (Conradie, Bills & Branch 2016 [as "C. cf. rasmusseni"]; Branch 2018
[as "C. cf. rasmusseni"]) is unclear (Marques, Ceríaco, Blackburn & Bauer 2018).
Distribution:
Angola,
Zambia.
|
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Causus resimus
|
Northern Green Night Adder, (Velvety-green Night Adder, Green Viper)
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Nördliche Grüne Krötenotter
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Nordlig Grøn Tudsehugorm
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1862 | |
Heterophis resimus Peters |
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Causus resimus Bocage 1886 |
Remarks:
Previously included jacksonii and nasalis.
Records from Angola and East Africa refer to these two species (Trape 2023).
Distribution:
Cameroon,
Central African Republic,
Chad,
Nigeria,
South Sudan,
Sudan.
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Causus rhombeatus
|
Rhombic Night Adder, Common Night Adder
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Rhomben-Krötenotter
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Almindelig Tudsehugorm
|
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1823 | |
Sepedon rhombeata Lichtenstein |
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Causus rhombeatus Wagler 1830 |
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Naja rhombeatus Schlegel 1837 |
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Aspidelaps rhombeatus Jan 1859 [1858] |
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1827 | |
Coluber v-nigrum Boie (McDiarmid, Campbell & Touré 1999) |
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1912 | |
Causus rhombeatus var. taeniata Sternfeld (Golay & al. 1993) |
Remarks:
Erroneously reported from Cameroon (e.g., Hughes 1983; Spawls & Branch 1995) (Chirio & LeBreton 2007).
Older records of from Bioko (e.g., Mertens 1964) probably refer lichtensteini (Böhme 1975).
Records from Mauritania (e.g.; Doucet 1963), Mali (e.g., Papenfuss 1969), and the Gambia (e.g., Håkansson 1981) are based on maculatus
(Hughes 1977, 1983; Joger & Lambert 1996; Pauwels & Meirte 1996; Emms, Jambang, Bahl, Mankali, Paziaud & Barnett 2007).
Records from Chad refer to resimus (Trape, Kodindo, Djiddi, Mad-Toïngué & Kerah 2020).
Distribution:
Angola
(incl.
Cabinda),
Botswana,
Burkina Faso,
Burundi,
Central African Republic,
Congo-Kinshasa,
Eswatini,
Ethiopia,
Kenya,
Liberia,
Malawi,
Mozambique,
Namibia,
Nigeria,
Rwanda,
Sierra Leone,
South Africa
(Eastern Cape,
Free State,
Gauteng,
KwaZulu-Natal,
Limpopo,
Mpumalanga,
North West Province,
Western Cape),
South Sudan,
Sudan,
Tanzania,
Togo,
Uganda,
Zambia,
Zimbabwe.
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