Reptiles of Tanzania  Related checklists:  Mafia - Pemba - Zanzibar Bibliography of the reptiles of Tanzania Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Tanzania Introduced species

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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial. Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:

	Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Amphisbaenidae (Typical Worm Lizards) Genus Ancylocranium (Sharp-snouted Worm Lizards)   * Ancylocranium barkeri Lindi Sharp-snouted Worm Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans 2005 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Ancylocranium haasi Rondo Sharp-snouted Worm Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans 2005 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Ancylocranium ionidesi Kilwa Sharp-snouted Worm Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans 2005 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Ancylocranium newalae Newala Sharp-snouted Worm Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans 2005 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Chirindia (Pink Round-headed Worm Lizards)   * Chirindia ewerbecki Mbanja Round-headed Worm Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans 2005 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Chirindia mpwapwaensis Mpwapwa Round-headed Worm Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans 2005 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Chirindia nanguruwensis Newala Round-headed Worm Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans 2005   * Chirindia orientalis Mikindani Round-headed Worm Lizard Gans 2005   * Chirindia rondoensis Rondo Round-headed Worm Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans 2005 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Chirindia swynnertoni Chirinda Forest Round-headed Worm Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Geocalamus (Wedge-snouted Worm Lizards)   Geocalamus acutus Voi Wedge-snouted Worm Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans & Kraklau 1989 Gans 2005 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Geocalamus modestus Mpwapwa Wedge-snouted Worm Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans & Kraklau 1989 Gans 2005 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Loveridgea (Round-snouted Worm Lizards)   * Loveridgea ionidesii Liwale Round-snouted Worm Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans & Kraklau 1989 Gans 2005 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Loveridgea phylofiniens Ujiji Round-snouted Worm Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans & Kraklau 1989 Gans 2005 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018

	Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Crocodylidae (Crocodiles) Genus Crocodylus (Typical Crocodiles)   Crocodylus niloticus Nile Crocodile Broadley & Howell 1991 Fuchs, Mertens & Wermuth 1974 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wermuth & Mertens 1977 Genus Mecistops (African Slender-snouted Crocodiles)   Mecistops leptorhynchus Central African Slender-snouted Crocodile Broadley & Howell 1991 [as cataphractus] Shirley, Carr, Nestler, Vliet & Brochu 2018 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as cataphractus] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 [as cataphractus]

	Lizards (Sauria)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Agamidae (Agamas and Dragons) Genus Acanthocercus (Ridgeback Agamas)   Acanthocercus gregorii Kenyan Ridgeback Agama Wagner, Butler, Ceriaco & Bauer 2021 Wagner, Greenbaum & Bauer 2012 Wagner, Greenbaum, Bauer, Kusamba & Leache 2018 Wermuth 1967   Acanthocercus ugandaensis Uganda Ridgeback Agama Wagner, Greenbaum, Bauer, Kusamba & Leache 2018 Wermuth 1967 Genus Agama (Typical Agamas)   Agama armata Zambezi Spiny Agama Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Agama dodomae Dodoma Rock Agama Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wagner 2014 Wagner, Krause & Boehme 2008   Agama kaimosae Kaimosi Agama Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wagner 2014 Wagner, Burmann & Boehme 2008   Agama kirkii Zambesi Rock Agama Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wermuth 1967   Agama lionotus Kenyan Rock Agama Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wagner 2007 Wagner 2014 Wagner, Krause & Boehme 2008   * Agama montana Montane Rock Agama Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wermuth 1967   Agama mossambica Mozambique Agama Broadley & Howell 1991 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wermuth 1967   Agama mwanzae Mwanza Rock Agama Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wagner 2014 Wermuth 1967   Agama persimilis Somali Painted Agama Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Agama turuensis Tanzanian Rainbow Agama Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wagner 2014 Wagner, Krause & Boehme 2008  Family Chamaeleonidae (Chameleons) Genus Chamaeleo (Typical Chameleons)   Chamaeleo anchietae Angolan Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Chamaeleo dilepis Flap-necked Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Chamaeleo gracilis Graceful Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Chamaeleo laevigatus Smooth Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010 Genus Kinyongia (East African Dwarf Chameleons)   * Kinyongia fischeri Eastern Usambara Two-horned Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Mariaux, Lutzmann & Stipala 2008 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Kinyongia magomberae Magombera Chameleon Glaw 2015 Menegon, Tolley, Jones, Rovero, Marshall & Tilbury 2009 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Kinyongia matschiei Eastern Usambara Giant Blade-horned Chameleon Glaw 2015 Mariaux, Lutzmann & Stipala 2008 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Kinyongia msuyae Mdandu Chameleon Menegon, Loader, Davenport, Howell, Tilbury, Machaga & Tolley 2015 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Kinyongia multituberculata Western Usambara Two-horned Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Mariaux, Lutzmann & Stipala 2008 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Kinyongia oxyrhina Uluguru One-horned Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Kinyongia tavetana Kilimanjaro Two-horned Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Mariaux, Lutzmann & Stipala 2008 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Kinyongia tenuis Usambara Soft-horned Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Kinyongia uluguruensis Uluguru Two-horned Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Mariaux, Lutzmann & Stipala 2008 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Kinyongia uthmoelleri Hanang Hornless Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Lutzmann, Stipala, Lademann, Krause, Wilms & Schmitz 2010 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Kinyongia vanheygeni Poroto Single-horned Chameleon Glaw 2015 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Kinyongia vosseleri Usaramo Two-horned Chameleon Glaw 2015 Mariaux, Lutzmann & Stipala 2008 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010 Genus Rhampholeon (African Leaf Chameleons)   * Rhampholeon acuminatus Nguru Spiny Leaf Chameleon Glaw 2015 Mariaux & Tilbury 2006 Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader & Tolley 2022 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Rhampholeon beraduccii Mahenge Leaf Chameleon Glaw 2015 Mariaux & Tilbury 2006 Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader & Tolley 2022 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Rhampholeon boulengeri Central African Leaf Chameleon Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Rhampholeon colemani Kitolomero Leaf Chameleon Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader & Tolley 2022   * Rhampholeon moyeri Udzungwa Leaf Chameleon Glaw 2015 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader & Tolley 2022 Menegon, Salvidio & Tilbury 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Rhampholeon nchisiensis Pitless Leaf Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Rhampholeon nicolai Ukaguru Mountains Leaf Chameleon Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader & Tolley 2022   * Rhampholeon princeeai Mkingu Leaf Chameleon Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader & Tolley 2022   * Rhampholeon rubeho Rubeho Mountains Leaf Chameleon Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader & Tolley 2022   * Rhampholeon sabini Handeni Leaf Chameleon Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader & Tolley 2022   * Rhampholeon spinosus Rosette-nosed Dwarf Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Rhampholeon temporalis Usambara Pitted Leaf Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Rhampholeon uluguruensis Uluguru Leaf Chameleon Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader & Tolley 2022 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Rhampholeon viridis Pare Leaf Chameleon Glaw 2015 Mariaux & Tilbury 2006 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Rhampholeon waynelotteri Kanga Forest Leaf Chameleon Menegon, Lyakurwa, Loader & Tolley 2022 Genus Rieppeleon (Short-tailed Leaf Chameleons)   Rieppeleon brachyurus Beardless Leaf Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Rieppeleon brevicaudatus Bearded Leaf Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Rieppeleon kerstenii Kenya Leaf Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010 Genus Trioceros (Equatorial Chameleons)   Trioceros bitaeniatus Two-striped Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Trioceros deremensis Usambara Three-horned Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Trioceros ellioti Montane Side-striped Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Trioceros fuelleborni Poroto Three-horned Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Trioceros goetzei Ilolo Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Trioceros hanangensis Hanang Yellow-striped Chameleon Glaw 2015 Krause & Boehme 2010 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trioceros incornutus Ukinga Hornless Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Trioceros jacksonii Kikuyu Three-horned Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Trioceros laterispinis Spiny-sided Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Trioceros melleri Elephant-eared Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   Trioceros rudis Ruwenzori Side-striped Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Tilbury 2010   Trioceros sternfeldi Tanzanian Montane Dwarf Chameleon Glaw 2015 Krause & Boehme 2010 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Trioceros tempeli Tubercle-nosed Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010   * Trioceros werneri Udzungwa Three-horned Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Tilbury 2010  Family Cordylidae (Girdled Lizards) Genus Chamaesaura (African Grass Lizards)   Chamaesaura miopropus Zambian Grass Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Chamaesaura tenuior East African Highland Grass Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wermuth 1968 Genus Cordylus (Girdled Lizards)   Cordylus beraduccii Maasai Girdled Lizard Broadley & Branch 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Cordylus tropidosternum Tropical Girdled Lizard Broadley & Branch 2002 Broadley & Howell 1991 Greenbaum, Stanley, Kusamba, Moninga, Goldberg & Bursey 2012 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Cordylus ukingensis Ukinga Girdled Lizard Broadley & Branch 2002 Broadley & Howell 1991 Greenbaum, Stanley, Kusamba, Moninga, Goldberg & Bursey 2012 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Platysaurus (Flat Lizards)   Platysaurus maculatus Spotted Flat Lizard Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Eublepharidae (Eyelid Geckos) Genus Holodactylus (East African Clawed Geckos)   Holodactylus africanus Masai Clawed Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Gekkonidae (Typical Geckos) Genus Ancylodactylus (African Rock and Forest Geckos)   Ancylodactylus africanus Usambara Forest Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Howell, Beraduccii & Ngalason 2021 Malonza & Bauer 2022 Perret 1986 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Ancylodactylus barbouri Uluguru Forest Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Howell, Beraduccii & Ngalason 2021 Malonza & Bauer 2022 Perret 1986 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Ancylodactylus dickersonae Ituri Four-lined Forest Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 [as "C. cf. dickersonae"] Malonza & Bauer 2022 Perret 1986 Spawls, Beraduccii & Malonza 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Ancylodactylus uzungwae Udzungwa Forest Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Howell, Beraduccii & Ngalason 2021 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Malonza & Bauer 2022 Perret 1986 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Chondrodactylus (Giant Ground Gecko and Thick-toed Geckos)   Chondrodactylus laevigatus Karas Thick-toed Gecko Heinz, Brennan, Jackman & Bauer 2021 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 [as C. turneri] Genus Ebenavia (Madagascan Clawless Geckos)   Ebenavia safari Pemba Clawless Gecko Bauer, Good & Branch 1997 [as inunguis] Hawlitschek, Scherz, Ruthensteiner, Crottini & Glaw 2018 Nussbaum & Raxworthy 1998 [as inunguis] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as inunguis] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 [as E. inunguis] Genus Elasmodactylus (Tropical Thick-toed Geckos)   Elasmodactylus tetensis Tete Thick-toed Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Elasmodactylus tuberculosus Warty Thick-toed Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Hemidactylus (Half-toed Geckos)   Hemidactylus angulatus West African House Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as brooki] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 [as brooki]   Hemidactylus barbouri Kenyan Coastal Half-toed Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1947 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Hemidactylus mabouia Cosmopolitan House Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wermuth 1965   Hemidactylus platycephalus Flat-headed Tropical House Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1977 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Hemidactylus squamulatus Nyika Half-toed Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1947 Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Hemidactylus tanganicus Dutumi Half-toed Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Homopholis (African Velvet Geckos)   Homopholis fasciata Banded Velvet Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley, Jackman & Bauer 2014 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Lygodactylus (African-Neotropical Dwarf Geckos)   Lygodactylus angolensis Angolan Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lygodactylus angularis Angulated Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 [as "H. cf. angularis"] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Travers, Jackman & Bauer 2014   * Lygodactylus broadleyi Kilulu Forest Dwarf Gecko Pasteur 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lygodactylus capensis Cape Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Lygodactylus conradti Derema Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Travers, Jackman & Bauer 2014   * Lygodactylus gravis Usambara Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lygodactylus grotei Mikindani Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1947 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Lygodactylus grzimeki Lake Manyara Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lygodactylus gutturalis Chevron-throated Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Lygodactylus inexpectatus Dar es Salaam Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lygodactylus kimhowelli Tanga Dwarf Gecko Pasteur 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Travers, Jackman & Bauer 2014   Lygodactylus laterimaculatus Side-spotted Dwarf Gecko Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lygodactylus manni Saranda Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 [as ukerewensis] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lygodactylus mombasicus Mombasa Dwarf Gecko Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lygodactylus picturatus Yellow-headed Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as luteopicturatus] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lygodactylus scheffleri Kibwezi Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lygodactylus tsavoensis Tsavo Dwarf Gecko Tiedemann & Reissig 2021   * Lygodactylus uluguruensis Uluguru Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Lygodactylus viscatus Jozani Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 [as howelli] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 [as howelli]   * Lygodactylus williamsi Turquoise Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Phelsuma (Green Day Geckos)   * Phelsuma parkeri Pemba Day Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw & Roesler 2015 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Urocotyledon (Tail-pad Geckos)   * Urocotyledon rasmusseni Udzungwa Tail-pad Gecko Bauer & Menegon 2006 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Urocotyledon wolterstorffi Uluguru Tail-pad Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Gerrhosauridae (Plated Lizards) Genus Broadleysaurus (Rough-scaled Plated Lizard)   Broadleysaurus major Rough-scaled Plated Lizard Bates, Tolley, Edwards, Davids, Silva & Branch 2013 Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1987 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wermuth 1968 Genus Gerrhosaurus (Typical Plated Lizards)   Gerrhosaurus flavigularis Yellow-throated Plated Lizard Bates, Tolley, Edwards, Davids, Silva & Branch 2013 Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Gerrhosaurus intermedius Eastern Black-lined Plated Lizard Bates, Tolley, Edwards, Davids, Silva & Branch 2013 Broadley & Howell 1991 [as nigrolineatus] Loveridge 1957 [as n. nigrolineatus] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as nigrolineatus] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 [as n. nigrolineatus] Genus Tetradactylus (Plated Snake Lizards)   Tetradactylus ellenbergeri Zambian Plated Snake Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wagner, Roedder & Wilms 2012   * Tetradactylus udzungwensis Udzungwa Plated Snake Lizard Salvidio, Menegon, Sindaco & Moyer 2004 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Lacertidae (Typical Lizards) Genus Adolfus (African Forest Lizards)   Adolfus kibonotensis Kilimanjaro Forest Lizard Arnold 1989 [as jacksoni] Broadley & Howell 1991 [as jacksoni] Greenbaum, Beer, Hughes, Wagner, Anderson, Villanueva, Malonza, Kusumba, Muninga, Aristote & Branch 2018 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as jacksoni] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 [as jacksoni] Genus Gastropholis (Keel-bellied Lizards)   Gastropholis prasina Green Keel-bellied Lizard Arnold 1989 Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Gastropholis vittata Striped Keel-bellied Lizard Arnold 1989 Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Heliobolus (Bushveld Lizards)   Heliobolus neumanni Ethiopian Bushveld Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Heliobolus spekii East African Bushveld Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Holaspis (Blue-tailed Gliding Lizards)   Holaspis guentheri Western Blue-tailed Gliding Lizard Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Holaspis laevis Eastern Blue-tailed Gliding Lizard Arnold 1989 Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Ichnotropis (Rough-scaled Lizards)   Ichnotropis bivittata Angolan Rough-scaled Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Ichnotropis tanganicana Tanzanian Rough-scaled Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Latastia (African Long-tailed Lizards)   Latastia johnstonii Malawi Long-tailed Lizard Bischoff 1991 Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Latastia longicaudata Common Long-tailed Lizard Bischoff 1991 Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Meroles (Southwest African Desert Lizards)   Meroles squamulosus Rough-scaled Desert Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Nucras (Sandveld Lizards)   Nucras boulengeri Uganda Sandveld Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Nucras ornata Ornate Sandveld Lizard Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Scincidae (Skinks) Genus Acontias (Greater Legless Skinks)   Acontias percivali East African Legless Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Lamb, Biswas & Bauer 2010 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Cryptoblepharus (Indo-Pacific Snake-eyed Skinks)   Cryptoblepharus africanus African Coral-rag Snake-eyed Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as boutonii] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Eumecia (East African Short-legged Skinks)   Eumecia anchietae Western Short-legged Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Feylinia (African Snake Skinks)   Feylinia currori Western Forest Snake Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Leptosiaphos (Slender Leaf-litter Skinks)   Leptosiaphos kilimensis Kilimanjaro Five-toed Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Leptosiaphos rhomboidalis Udzungwa Five-toed Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Melanoseps (Black Limbless Skinks)   Melanoseps ater Common Black Limbless Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley, Whiting & Bauer 2006 Brygoo & Roux-Esteve 1981 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Melanoseps emmrichi Uluguru Limbless Skink Broadley, Whiting & Bauer 2006 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Melanoseps longicauda Long-tailed Limbless Skink Brygoo & Roux-Esteve 1981 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Melanoseps loveridgei Eastern Limbless Skink Broadley, Whiting & Bauer 2006 Brygoo & Roux-Esteve 1981 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Melanoseps pygmaeus Pygmy Limbless Skink Broadley, Whiting & Bauer 2006 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Melanoseps rondoensis Rondo Limbless Skink Broadley, Whiting & Bauer 2006 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Melanoseps uzungwensis Udzungwa Mountains Limbless Skink Broadley, Whiting & Bauer 2006 Brygoo & Roux-Esteve 1981 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Mochlus (African Supple Skinks)   * Mochlus mafianus Mafia Supple Skink Broadley 1994 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Mochlus pembanus Pemba Supple Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1994 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Mochlus somalicus Somali Savanna Supple Skink Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Mochlus sundevallii Common Savanna Supple Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 [as M. afer] Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 [as M. afer]   Mochlus tanae Tana River Supple Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Howell & Msechu 1984 [as "cf. tanae"] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Panaspis (African Snake-eyed Skinks)   Panaspis massaiensis Masai Snake-eyed Skink Kilunda, Conradie, Wasonga, Jin, Peng, Murphy, Malonza & Che 2019   Panaspis megalurus Tanzanian Blue-tailed Snake-eyed Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Panaspis wahlbergii Savanna Snake-eyed Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Proscelotes (African Slender Skinks)   * Proscelotes eggeli Usambara Slender Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Scelotes (Dwarf Burrowing Skinks)   * Scelotes uluguruensis Uluguru Dwarf Burrowing Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Scolecoseps (East African Sand Skinks)   * Scolecoseps acontias Limbless Sand Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Scolecoseps litipoensis Litipo Sand Skink Broadley 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Sepsina (Savannah Burrowing Skinks)   Sepsina hemptinnei Western Four-toed Burrowing Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 [as S. tetradactyla hemptinnei]   Sepsina tetradactyla Eastern Four-toed Burrowing Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Trachylepis (African-American Grass and Forest Skinks)   * Trachylepis albotaeniata Pemba Speckled-lipped Skink Branch 1998 Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 2000 Loveridge 1957 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trachylepis bayonii Equatorial Mountain Grass Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trachylepis boulengeri Lindi Speckled-lipped Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1974 Broadley 2000 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trachylepis brauni Ukinga Mountain Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1977 Broadley 2000 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trachylepis brevicollis Short-necked Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trachylepis dichroma Tanzanian Short-necked Skink Gunther, Whiting & Bauer 2005 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trachylepis maculilabris Common Speckled-lipped Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1974 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trachylepis margaritifer African Rainbow Skink Broadley & Bauer 1998 Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trachylepis megalura Grass-top Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Koppetsch 2020 Marques, Ceriaco, Bandeira, Pauwels & Bauer 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trachylepis planifrons Teita Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Koppetsch 2020 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trachylepis quinquetaeniata African Five-lined Skink Broadley & Bauer 1998 Koppetsch 2020 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trachylepis striata Eastern Striped Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1977 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trachylepis varia Savanna Variable Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Typhlacontias (Western Burrowing Skinks)   * Typhlacontias kataviensis Katavi Burrowing Skink Broadley 2006 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Varanidae (Monitor Lizards) Genus Varanus (Monitor Lizards)   Varanus albigularis White-throated Monitor Bayless 2002 Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Varanus niloticus Nile Monitor Bayless 2002 Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018

	Snakes (Serpentes)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Boidae (Typical Boas) Genus Eryx (Sand Boas)   Eryx colubrinus East African Sand Boa Broadley & Howell 1991 Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Loveridge 1957 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Stimson 1969  Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids) Genus Crotaphopeltis (Herald Snakes)   Crotaphopeltis degeni Yellow-flanked Herald Snake Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Rasmussen 1997 Rasmussen, Chirio & Ineich 2000   Crotaphopeltis hotamboeia Common Herald Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Crotaphopeltis tornieri Forest White-lipped Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Rasmussen 1993 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Dasypeltis (African Egg Eaters)   Dasypeltis atra Forest Egg Eater Bates & Broadley 2018 Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Dasypeltis medici East African Egg Eater Bates & Broadley 2018 Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans 1959 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Dasypeltis scabra Common African Egg Eater Bates & Broadley 2018 Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans 1959 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Dipsadoboa (Nocturnal Tree Snakes)   Dipsadoboa aulica Cross-barred Nocturnal Tree Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Rasmussen 1989 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Dipsadoboa flavida Northern Marbled Nocturnal Tree Snake Branch, Conradie & Tolley in Branch, Bayliss, Bittencourt-Silva, Conradie, Engelbrecht, Loader, Menegon, Nanvonamuquitxo & Tolley 2019 Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 [as Chamaetortus a. aulicus] Pakenham 1983 [as Chamaetortus a. aulicus] Rasmussen 1989 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Dipsadoboa kageleri Sanya Juu Nocturnal Tree Snake Branch, Conradie & Tolley in Branch, Bayliss, Bittencourt-Silva, Conradie, Engelbrecht, Loader, Menegon, Nanvonamuquitxo & Tolley 2019 Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Uthmoller 1939   Dipsadoboa unicolor Unicoloured Nocturnal Tree Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Rasmussen 1993 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002   * Dipsadoboa werneri East Tanzanian Nocturnal Tree Snake Branch, Conradie & Tolley in Branch, Bayliss, Bittencourt-Silva, Conradie, Engelbrecht, Loader, Menegon, Nanvonamuquitxo & Tolley 2019 Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Rasmussen 1986 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Dispholidus (Boomslangs)   Dispholidus kivuensis Kivu Boomslang Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   * Dispholidus pembae Pemba Boomslang Hughes 2021 Genus Grayia (Equatorial African Water Snakes)   Grayia smythii Equatorial Water Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Grayia tholloni Nandi Water Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Hapsidophrys (Emerald Snakes)   Hapsidophrys lineatus Black-lined Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Pitman 1974   Hapsidophrys smaragdinus Common Emerald Snake Gravlund 2000 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Meizodon (African Smooth Snakes)   Meizodon semiornatus Semi-ornate Smooth Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1983 Loveridge 1957 Pitman 1974 Schatti 1985 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Natriciteres (African Marsh Snakes)   Natriciteres olivacea Olive Marsh Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Loveridge 1957 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Natriciteres pembana Pemba Marsh Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Loveridge 1957 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Natriciteres sylvatica Eastern Forest Marsh Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1983 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 [as N. variegata] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Philothamnus (African Green Snakes)   Philothamnus angolensis Angolan Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Hughes & Barry 1969 [as P. irregularis] Loveridge 1957 [as P. i. irregularis] Pitman 1974 [as P. i. irregularis] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Philothamnus battersbyi Northeastern Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Philothamnus carinatus Barred Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Philothamnus heterodermus Emerald Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Philothamnus heterolepidotus Slender Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Philothamnus hoplogaster Southeastern Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Philothamnus macrops Usambara Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Philothamnus ornatus Ornate Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Philothamnus punctatus Speckled Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Philothamnus semivariegatus Variegated Bush Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Platyceps (Flat-headed Whip Snakes)   Platyceps brevis Somali Dwarf Whip Snake Cunningham & Cunningham 2005 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Rhamnophis (Dagger-tooth Tree Snakes)   Rhamnophis aethiopissa Large-eyed Green Tree Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Scaphiophis (African Hook-nosed Snakes)   Scaphiophis albopunctatus Common African Hook-nosed Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1994 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Telescopus (Afro-Asian Cat Snakes)   Telescopus obtusus Egyptian Cat Snake Gravlund 2000 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as dhara] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 [as dhara] Spawls, Malonza & Beraduccii 2021   Telescopus semiannulatus Southern Tiger Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Thelotornis (African Vine Snakes)   Thelotornis kirtlandii Northern Vine Snake Anderson 2000 Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Wallach 2002 Broadley 2001 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Rasmussen 1997 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Thelotornis mossambicanus Eastern Vine Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Wallach 2002 Broadley 2001 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Rasmussen 1997 Spawls & Branch 1995 [as capensis] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Thelotornis usambaricus Usambara Vine Snake Broadley & Wallach 2002 Broadley 2001 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Thrasops (Black Tree Snakes)   Thrasops jacksonii Common Black Tree Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Toxicodryas (African Tree Cat Snakes)   Toxicodryas vexator Eastern Black-and-Yellow Tree Snake Greenbaum, Allen, Vaughan, Pauwels, Wallach, Kusamba, Muninga, Aristote, Mali, Badjedjea, Penner, Roedel, Rivera, Sterkhova, Johnson, Tapondjou Nkonmeneck & Brown 2021 Rasmussen 1997 [as blandingii] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as blandingii] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 [as blandingii] Genus Xyelodontophis (Dagger-tooth Vine Snake)   * Xyelodontophis uluguruensis Dagger-tooth Vine Snake Broadley & Wallach 2002 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.) Genus Dendroaspis (Mambas)   Dendroaspis intermedius Eastern Green Mamba Broadley & Howell 1991 [as D. angusticeps] David & Ineich 1999 [as D. angusticeps] Loveridge 1957 [as D. angusticeps] Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 [as D. angusticeps] Pakenham 1983 [as D. angusticeps] Spawls & Branch 1995 [as D. angusticeps] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as D. angusticeps] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 [as D. angusticeps]   Dendroaspis jamesonii Central African Green Mamba Broadley 2006 David & Ineich 1999 Rasmussen 1994 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Dendroaspis polylepis Black Mamba Broadley & Howell 1991 David & Ineich 1999 Haakansson & Madsen 1983 Loveridge 1957 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Elapsoidea (African Garter Snakes)   Elapsoidea boulengeri Zambezi Garter Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1971 Broadley 1998 David & Ineich 1999 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Elapsoidea loveridgei Northeastern Garter Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1971 David & Ineich 1999 Jakobsen 1997 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Elapsoidea nigra Usambara Garter Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1971 David & Ineich 1999 Jakobsen 1997 Loveridge 1957 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Naja (Typical Cobras)   Naja annulata Ringed Water Cobra Broadley & Howell 1991 David & Ineich 1999 Loveridge 1957 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Naja ashei East African Spitting Cobra Branch, Menegon & Beraducci 2010 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Naja crawshayi Katanga Spitting Cobra Broadley & Cotterill 2004 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Naja haje Egyptian Cobra Broadley & Howell 1991 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Trape, Chirio, Broadley & Wuster 2009   Naja mossambica Mozambique Spitting Cobra Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1968 David & Ineich 1999 Pakenham 1983 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Wuster, Crookes, Ineich, Mane, Pook, Trape & Broadley 2007   Naja nigricollis Black-necked Spitting Cobra Broadley 1983 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Wuster & Broadley 2007 Wuster, Crookes, Ineich, Mane, Pook, Trape & Broadley 2007   Naja pallida Eastern Pallid Spitting Cobra Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1968 Loveridge 1957 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Wuster, Crookes, Ineich, Mane, Pook, Trape & Broadley 2007   Naja subfulva Brown Forest Cobra Broadley & Howell 1991 [as N. melanoleuca] David & Ineich 1999 [as N. melanoleuca] Loveridge 1957 [as N. melanoleuca] Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 [as N. cf. melanoleuca] Pakenham 1983 [as N. melanoleuca] Spawls & Branch 1995 [as N. melanoleuca] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as N. melanoleuca] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 [as N. melanoleuca] Wuster, Chirio, Trape, Ineich, Jackson, Greenbaum, Barron, Kusamba, Nagy, Storey, Hall, Wuster, Barlow & Broadley 2018  Family Elapidae [part 2: marine species] (Sea Snakes) Genus Hydrophis (Typical Sea Snakes)   Hydrophis platurus Yellow-bellied Sea Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 David & Ineich 1999 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Lamprophiidae (House Snakes, etc.) Genus Amblyodipsas (Purple-glossed Snakes and Quill-snouted Snakes)   * Amblyodipsas dimidiata Mpwapwa Purple-glossed Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1971 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Amblyodipsas katangensis Katanga Purple-glossed Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1971 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Amblyodipsas polylepis Common Purple-glossed Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1971 Loveridge 1957 [as Calamelaps unicolor warreni] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Aparallactus (African Centipede Eaters)   Aparallactus capensis Cape Centipede Eater Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Aparallactus guentheri East African Black Centipede Eater Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Aparallactus jacksonii Sudan Centipede Eater Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Aparallactus lunulatus Reticulated Centipede Eater Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   * Aparallactus werneri Usambara Centipede Eater Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Atractaspis (Stiletto Snakes)   Atractaspis aterrima Western Forest Stiletto Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 David & Ineich 1999 Laurent 1950 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atractaspis bibronii Southern Stiletto Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1991 David & Ineich 1999 Laurent 1950 Loveridge 1957 Pakenham 1983 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atractaspis fallax False Stiletto Snake David & Ineich 1999 Laurent 1950 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atractaspis irregularis Variable Stiletto Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 David & Ineich 1999 Laurent 1950 Loveridge 1957 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Boaedon (Afro-Arabian House Snakes)   Boaedon capensis Brown House Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 [as fuliginosus] Hughes 1997 Loveridge 1957 [as f. fuliginosus] Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 [as B. fuliginosus] Pakenham 1983 [as fuliginosus]   Boaedon fuliginosus Common African House Snake Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Buhoma (African Forest Snakes)   * Buhoma procterae Uluguru Forest Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Buhoma vauerocegae Usambara Forest Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Chilorhinophis (Black-and-Yellow Burrowing Snakes)   Chilorhinophis butleri Sudan Black-and-Yellow Burrowing Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Chilorhinophis gerardi Katanga Black-and-Yellow Burrowing Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Dromophis (Olympic Snakes)   Dromophis lineatus Lined Olympic Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Hughes 2004 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Duberria (African Slug Eaters)   Duberria lutrix Common Slug Eater Broadley & Howell 1991 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Duberria shirana Shire Slug Eater Broadley & Howell 1991 [as D. lutrix atriventris] Loveridge 1957 Genus Gracililima (Black File Snake)   Gracililima nyassae Black File Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Lanza & Broadley 2014 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Hemirhagerrhis (Bark Snakes)   Hemirhagerrhis hildebrandtii Kenyan Bark Snake Broadley & Hughes 2000 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Hemirhagerrhis kelleri Stripe-bellied Bark Snake Broadley & Hughes 2000 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Hemirhagerrhis nototaenia Southeastern Bark Snake Broadley & Hughes 2000 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Hormonotus (Yellow Forest Snake)   Hormonotus modestus Yellow Forest Snake Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Kladirostratus (Striped Beaked Snakes)   Kladirostratus acutus Eastern Striped Beaked Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Chirio & Ineich 1991 Hughes & Barry 1969 Keates, Conradie, Greenbaum & Edwards 2019 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Genus Limaformosa (Venus File Snakes)   Limaformosa capensis Cape File Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Lanza & Broadley 2014 Loveridge 1957 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Limaformosa chanleri Unicolor File Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 [as unicolor] Broadley 1985 [as Mehelya capensis unicolor] Broadley, Tolley, Conradie, Wishart, Trape, Burger, Kusamba, Zassi-Boulou & Greenbaum 2018 Lanza & Broadley 2014 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as unicolor] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Lycodonomorphus (Southern African Water Snakes)   Lycodonomorphus bicolor Tanganyika White-bellied Water Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lycodonomorphus whytii Malawi Water Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Lycophidion (African Wolf Snakes)   Lycophidion acutirostre Mozambique Wolf Snake Broadley 1996 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lycophidion capense Cape Wolf Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1996 Laurent 1968 Loveridge 1957 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lycophidion depressirostre Flat-snouted Wolf Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Hughes 1993 Broadley 1996 Laurent 1968 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lycophidion jacksoni Kilimanjaro Wolf Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1996 Laurent 1968 Trape 2021   Lycophidion meleagre Speckled Wolf Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1996 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lycophidion multimaculatum Many-spotted Wolf Snake Broadley & Cotterill 2004 Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1996 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lycophidion ornatum Ornate Wolf Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1996 Laurent 1968 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Lycophidion pembanum Pemba Wolf Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1996 Laurent 1968 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Lycophidion taylori Somali Wolf Snake Gravlund 2000 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Lycophidion uzungwense Red-snouted Wolf Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1996 Laurent 1968 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Polemon (African Snake Eaters)   Polemon ater Black Snake Eater Broadley & Howell 1991 [as P. christyi] Loveridge 1957 [as P. christyi] Portillo, Branch, Tilbury, Nagy, Hughes, Kusamba, Muninga, Aristote, Behangana & Greenbaum 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as P. christyi]   Polemon christyi Eastern Snake Eater Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Prosymna (Shovel-snout Snakes)   Prosymna ambigua Central African Shovel-snout Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1980 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Prosymna ornatissima Ornate Shovel-snout Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1980 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Prosymna pitmani Multi-scaled Shovel-snout Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1980 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Prosymna ruspolii Southern Somali Shovel-snout Gravlund 2000 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Prosymna semifasciata Banded Shovel-snout Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Prosymna stuhlmannii East African Shovel-snout Broadley 1980 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Psammophis (Old World Sand Snakes and Grass Snakes)   Psammophis angolensis Dwarf Sand Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1977 Broadley 2002 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Psammophis biseriatus Eastern Link-marked Sand Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Psammophis mossambicus East African Olive Grass Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 [as P. phillipsi] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Trape, Crochet, Broadley, Sourouille, Mane, Burger, Boehme, Saleh, Karan, Lanza & Mediannikov 2019   Psammophis orientalis Eastern Stripe-bellied Sand Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1977 Broadley 2002 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Trape, Crochet, Broadley, Sourouille, Mane, Burger, Boehme, Saleh, Karan, Lanza & Mediannikov 2019   Psammophis punctulatus Northern Speckled Sand Snake Lanza 1983   Psammophis rukwae Lake Rukwa Sand Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Trape, Crochet, Broadley, Sourouille, Mane, Burger, Boehme, Saleh, Karan, Lanza & Mediannikov 2019   Psammophis sudanensis Sudan Sand Snake Loveridge 1957 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Trape, Crochet, Broadley, Sourouille, Mane, Burger, Boehme, Saleh, Karan, Lanza & Mediannikov 2019   Psammophis tanganicus Tanganyika Sand Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Psammophis trivirgatus Southern Speckled Sand Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Lanza 1983 Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Loveridge 1957 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 [as P. punctulatus] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Psammophylax (Skaapstekers)   * Psammophylax kellyi Tanzanian Skaapsteker Keates, Conradie, Greenbaum & Edwards 2019   Psammophylax multisquamis Kenyan Striped Skaapsteker Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1976 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002   Psammophylax tritaeniatus Southern Striped Skaapsteker Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1976 Keates, Conradie, Greenbaum & Edwards 2019 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002   Psammophylax variabilis Grey-bellied Skaapsteker Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1976 Keates, Conradie, Greenbaum & Edwards 2019 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Genus Pseudaspis (African Mole Snake)   Pseudaspis cana African Mole Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Rhamphiophis (Beaked Snakes)   Rhamphiophis rostratus Rufous Beaked Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Chirio & Ineich 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002   Rhamphiophis rubropunctatus Red-spotted Beaked Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002  Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes) Genus Leptotyphlops (Typical Thread Snakes)   Leptotyphlops emini Karagwe Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Leptotyphlops howelli Mchungu Forest Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Leptotyphlops keniensis Mount Kenya Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Leptotyphlops macrops Large-eyed Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 1996 Broadley & Wallach 2007 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Leptotyphlops mbanjensis Mbanja Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Leptotyphlops merkeri Mount Kilimanjaro Thread Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Wallach 2007 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Leptotyphlops nigroterminus Black-tipped Thread Snake Adalsteinsson, Branch, Trape, Vitt & Hedges 2009 Broadley & Wallach 2007 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Leptotyphlops pembae Pemba Thread Snake Boundy 2014 Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Wallach 2007 Hahn 1980 Loveridge 1957 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Leptotyphlops pitmani Uganda Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Myriopholis (Many-scaled Thread Snakes)   Myriopholis ionidesi Liwale Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Myriopholis longicauda Southern African Long-tailed Thread Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Watson 1976 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002   Myriopholis macrorhyncha Large-snouted Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Micrelapidae (Short-jawed Rear-fanged Snakes) Genus Micrelaps (Afro-Asian Black-headed Snakes)   Micrelaps bicoloratus Kenya Two-coloured Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Loveridge 1957 Rasmussen 2002 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Micrelaps vaillanti Somali Black-headed Snake Rasmussen 2002 Rasmussen 2003 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as M. boettgeri] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Pythonidae (Pythons) Genus Python (Typical Pythons)   Python natalensis Southern Rock Python Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1984 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Pakenham 1983 [as sebae] Spawls & Branch 1995 [as sebae] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Python sebae Northern Rock Python Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1984 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes) Genus Afrotyphlops (African Giant Blind Snakes)   Afrotyphlops angolensis Golden Blind Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Wallach 2009 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Rasmussen 1997 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Afrotyphlops congestus Marbled Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2009 Broadley 2000 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   * Afrotyphlops gierrai Usambara Spotted Blind Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Wallach 2009 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Afrotyphlops lineolatus Lineolate Blind Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Wallach 2009 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Pitman 1974 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Afrotyphlops mucruso Zambezi Giant Blind Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Wallach 2009 Hahn 1980 Pakenham 1983 [as schlegelii dinga] Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Afrotyphlops nigrocandidus African Bicoloured Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2000 Broadley & Wallach 2009 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   * Afrotyphlops platyrhynchus Tanga Blind Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Wallach 2009 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Afrotyphlops rondoensis Rondo Blind Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Wallach 2009 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   * Afrotyphlops tanganicus Liwale Blind Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Wallach 2009 Hahn 1980 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   * Afrotyphlops usambaricus Usambara Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2009 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Letheobia (African Gracile Blind Snakes)   Letheobia gracilis Urungu Gracile Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Letheobia graueri Lake Tanganyika Gracile Blind Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Wallach 2007 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Letheobia lumbriciformis Zanzibar Gracile Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Letheobia pallida Pallid Gracile Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Pakenham 1983 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Letheobia pembana Pemba Gracile Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Pakenham 1983 [as pallida] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Letheobia swahilica Swahili Gracile Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Letheobia uluguruensis Uluguru Gracile Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Rhinotyphlops (African Beaked Blind Snakes)   Rhinotyphlops unitaeniatus Yellow-striped Gracile Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Viperidae (Vipers) Genus Adenorhinos (Udzungwa Short-headed Viper)   * Adenorhinos barbouri Udzungwa Short-headed Viper Broadley & Howell 1991 David & Ineich 1999 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Menegon, Davenport & Howell 2011 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Atheris (African Bush Vipers)   * Atheris ceratophora Usambara Mountain Bush Viper Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1998 David & Ineich 1999 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Menegon, Davenport & Howell 2011 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atheris hispida Rough-scaled Bush Viper Broadley 1998 David & Ineich 1999 Groen, Bok, Tiemann & Verspui 2019 Menegon, Davenport & Howell 2011 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   * Atheris matildae Southern Tanzanian Bush Viper Menegon, Davenport & Howell 2011 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atheris rungweensis Mount Rungwe Bush Viper Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1998 David & Ineich 1999 Loveridge 1957 Menegon, Davenport & Howell 2011 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atheris squamigera Southern Green Bush Viper Broadley 1998 David & Ineich 1999 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Menegon, Davenport & Howell 2011 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Bitis (African Adders)   Bitis arietans Common Puff Adder Broadley & Howell 1991 David & Ineich 1999 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Bitis gabonica Gaboon Adder Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1983 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Bitis nasicornis African Nose-horned Viper Broadley & Howell 1991 David & Ineich 1999 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Causus (Night Adders)   Causus bilineatus Two-striped Night Adder Rasmussen 2005 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Causus defilippii Snouted Night Adder Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1983 David & Ineich 1999 Loveridge 1957 Lyakurwa, Howell, Munishi & Treydte 2019 Pakenham 1983 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Causus resimus Green Night Adder Broadley & Howell 1991 David & Ineich 1999 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Causus rhombeatus Rhombic Night Adder Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1983 David & Ineich 1999 Loveridge 1957 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Proatheris (Lowland Swamp Viper)   Proatheris superciliaris Lowland Swamp Viper Broadley & Howell 1991 David & Ineich 1999 Loveridge 1957 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018

	Turtles (Testudines)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles) Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)   Caretta caretta Loggerhead Sea Turtle Broadley & Howell 1991 Frazier in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Pritchard 1979 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)   Chelonia mydas Green Sea Turtle Broadley & Howell 1991 Frazier in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Pakenham 1983 Pritchard 1979 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)   Eretmochelys imbricata Hawksbill Sea Turtle Broadley & Howell 1991 Frazier in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Pakenham 1983 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles)   Lepidochelys olivacea Olive Ridley Sea Turtle Broadley & Howell 1991 Frazier in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle) Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)   Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback Sea Turtle Broadley & Howell 1991 Frazier in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Pakenham 1983 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Pelomedusidae (African Side-necked Turtles) Genus Pelomedusa (African Helmeted Turtles)   * Pelomedusa kobe Tanzanian Helmeted Turtle Petzold, Vargas-Ramirez, Kehlmaier, Vamberger, Branch, Preez, Hofmeyr, Meyer, Schleicher, Siroky & Fritz 2014 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Pelomedusa neumanni Kenyan Helmeted Turtle Petzold, Vargas-Ramirez, Kehlmaier, Vamberger, Branch, Preez, Hofmeyr, Meyer, Schleicher, Siroky & Fritz 2014 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Pelomedusa subrufa Common Helmeted Turtle Petzold, Vargas-Ramirez, Kehlmaier, Vamberger, Branch, Preez, Hofmeyr, Meyer, Schleicher, Siroky & Fritz 2014 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Genus Pelusios (African Mud Turtles)   Pelusios castanoides Yellow-bellied Mud Turtle Broadley & Howell 1991 McCord, Joseph-Ouni & Bour 2004 Pakenham 1983 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Pelusios nanus African Dwarf Mud Turtle Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Pelusios rhodesianus Zambian Mud Turtle Broadley & Boycott 2008 Broadley & Howell 1991 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Pelusios sinuatus East African Serrated Mud Turtle Broadley & Boycott 2009 Broadley & Howell 1991 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Pelusios subniger East African Black Mud Turtle Broadley & Howell 1991 Fritz & Havas 2006 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Pelusios williamsi Lake Victoria Mud Turtle Broadley & Howell 1991 Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Testudinidae (Tortoises) Genus Kinixys (Hinge-back Tortoises)   Kinixys belliana Central African Hinge-back Tortoise Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Kinixys spekii Eastern Savanna Hinge-back Tortoise Broadley & Howell 1991 Hailey, Broadley, Boycott & Spawls 2021 Ihlow, Farooq, Gvozdik, Hofmeyr, Conradie, Campbell, Harvey, Verburgt & Fritz 2019 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Kinixys zombensis Southeastern Hinge-back Tortoise Broadley & Howell 1991 Iverson 1992 McCord, Joseph-Ouni & Tabaka 2005 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 [as belliana] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Malacochersus (African Pancake Tortoise)   Malacochersus tornieri African Pancake Tortoise Broadley & Howell 1991 Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 Mwaya, Moll, Malonza & Ngwava 2018 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Genus Stigmochelys (Leopard Tortoise)   Stigmochelys pardalis Leopard Tortoise Broadley & Howell 1991 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018  Family Trionychidae (Softshell Turtles) Genus Cycloderma (Central African Flapshell Turtles)   Cycloderma frenatum Zambezi Flapshell Turtle Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley & Sachsse 2011 Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018