Reptiles of Malawi    Bibliography of the reptiles of Malawi Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Malawi Introduced species

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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial. Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:

	Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Amphisbaenidae (Typical Worm Lizards) Genus Monopeltis (Spade-snouted Worm Lizards)   Monopeltis rhodesiana Zimbabwe Spade-snouted Worm Lizard Branch 1998 Broadley 1961 [as sphenorhynchus] Broadley 1997 Gans 2005 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Genus Zygaspis (Purple Round-headed Worm Lizards)   Zygaspis quadrifrons Kalahari Round-headed Worm Lizard Broadley & Broadley 1997 Gans 2005 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974

	Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Crocodylidae (Crocodiles) Genus Crocodylus (Typical Crocodiles)   Crocodylus niloticus Nile Crocodile Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Dudley 1978 Fonseca & Jocque 1979 King & Burke 1989 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Wermuth & Mertens 1977

	Lizards (Sauria)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Agamidae (Agamas and Dragons) Genus Acanthocercus (Ridgeback Agamas)   Acanthocercus atricollis Black-necked Ridgeback Agama Broadley 1961 [as cyanogaster] Broadley 1963 [as cyanogaster] Broadley 1966 [as Agama cyanogaster] Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 [as cyanogaster] Stewart 1968 [as cyanogaster] Wagner, Greenbaum, Bauer, Kusamba & Leache 2018   Acanthocercus branchi Zambian Ridgeback Agama Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Wagner, Butler, Ceriaco & Bauer 2021 Wagner, Greenbaum & Bauer 2012 Wagner, Greenbaum, Bauer, Kusamba & Leache 2018   Acanthocercus gregorii Kenyan Ridgeback Agama Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Genus Agama (Typical Agamas)   Agama armata Zambezi Spiny Agama Broadley 1961 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Agama hispida Southern Spiny Agama Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Stevens 1974   Agama kirkii Zambesi Rock Agama Branch 1998 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1962 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Wermuth 1967   Agama mossambica Mozambique Agama Branch 1998 Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Wermuth 1967  Family Chamaeleonidae (Chameleons) Genus Chamaeleo (Typical Chameleons)   Chamaeleo anchietae Angolan Chameleon Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Chamaeleo dilepis Flap-necked Chameleon Blaylock 1963 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Dudley 1978 Fonseca & Jocque 1979 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Tilbury 2010 Genus Kinyongia (East African Dwarf Chameleons)   Kinyongia vanheygeni Poroto Single-horned Chameleon Pietersen, Davies & Thompson 2019 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Genus Nadzikambia (Mountain Dwarf Chameleons)   * Nadzikambia mlanjensis Mount Mulanje Dwarf Chameleon Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Tilbury 2010 Genus Rhampholeon (African Leaf Chameleons)   Rhampholeon chapmanorum Natundu Hills Leaf Chameleon Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Tilbury 1992 [as R. chapmani] Tilbury 2010   Rhampholeon nchisiensis Pitless Leaf Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stewart 1968 Tilbury 2010   * Rhampholeon platyceps Mount Mulanje Leaf Chameleon Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Tilbury 2010 Genus Rieppeleon (Short-tailed Leaf Chameleons)   Rieppeleon brachyurus Beardless Leaf Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Tilbury 2010 Genus Trioceros (Equatorial Chameleons)   Trioceros goetzei Ilolo Chameleon Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stewart 1968 Tilbury 2010   Trioceros incornutus Ukinga Hornless Chameleon Glaw 2015 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Tilbury 2010   Trioceros melleri Elephant-eared Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Portik, Mulungu, Sequeira & McEntee 2013 Stevens 1974 Tilbury 2010  Family Cordylidae (Girdled Lizards) Genus Chamaesaura (African Grass Lizards)   Chamaesaura miopropus Zambian Grass Lizard Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart & Wilson 1966 Stewart 1968 Wermuth 1968 Genus Cordylus (Girdled Lizards)   * Cordylus nyikae Nyika Girdled Lizard Branch 1998 [as C. rhodesianus] Broadley & Branch 2002 Broadley 1971 [as C. rhodesianus] Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Cordylus tropidosternum Tropical Girdled Lizard Broadley & Branch 2002 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Wermuth 1968 Genus Platysaurus (Flat Lizards)   Platysaurus intermedius Common Flat Lizard Branch 1998 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1978 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974   * Platysaurus mitchelli Mulanje Flat Lizard Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Broadley 1978 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Portik, Mulungu, Sequeira & McEntee 2013 Stevens 1974   Platysaurus torquatus Striped Flat Lizard Branch 1998 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1978 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974  Family Gekkonidae (Typical Geckos) Genus Chondrodactylus (Giant Ground Gecko and Thick-toed Geckos)   Chondrodactylus laevigatus Karas Thick-toed Gecko Heinz, Brennan, Jackman & Bauer 2021 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Genus Elasmodactylus (Tropical Thick-toed Geckos)   Elasmodactylus tetensis Tete Thick-toed Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Genus Hemidactylus (Half-toed Geckos)   Hemidactylus mabouia Cosmopolitan House Gecko Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1971 Broadley 1977 Dudley 1978 Fonseca & Jocque 1979 Loveridge 1947 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Wermuth 1965   Hemidactylus platycephalus Flat-headed Tropical House Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Broadley 1977 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Genus Lygodactylus (African-Neotropical Dwarf Geckos)   Lygodactylus angolensis Angolan Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Lygodactylus angularis Angulated Dwarf Gecko Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Loveridge 1947 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Wermuth 1965   * Lygodactylus bonsi Malawi Dwarf Gecko Broadley 1963 [as "bernardi subsp. nov."] Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Portik, Mulungu, Sequeira & McEntee 2013 Stevens 1974 Travers, Jackman & Bauer 2014 Wermuth 1965   Lygodactylus capensis Cape Dwarf Gecko Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Fonseca & Jocque 1979 Loveridge 1947 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968   Lygodactylus chobiensis Chobe Dwarf Gecko Morgan-Davies, Dudley & Meredith 1984 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Lygodactylus rex King Dwarf Gecko Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Travers, Jackman & Bauer 2014 Genus Pachydactylus (Typical Thick-toed Geckos)   Pachydactylus katanganus Katanga Thick-toed Gecko Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Verburght, Tonder, Bauer & Broadley 2012   Pachydactylus oshaughnessyi Lake Nyassa Thick-toed Gecko Branch 1998 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1977 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974   Pachydactylus punctatus Speckled Thick-toed Gecko Bauer & Branch 1995 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974  Family Gerrhosauridae (Plated Lizards) Genus Broadleysaurus (Rough-scaled Plated Lizard)   Broadleysaurus major Rough-scaled Plated Lizard Bates, Tolley, Edwards, Davids, Silva & Branch 2013 Broadley 1959 [as grandis] Broadley 1961 [as grandis] Broadley 1966 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Wermuth 1968 Genus Gerrhosaurus (Typical Plated Lizards)   Gerrhosaurus flavigularis Yellow-throated Plated Lizard Broadley 1959 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Fonseca & Jocque 1979 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Portik, Mulungu, Sequeira & McEntee 2013 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Wermuth 1968   Gerrhosaurus intermedius Eastern Black-lined Plated Lizard Bates, Tolley, Edwards, Davids, Silva & Branch 2013 Broadley 1959 [as n. nigrolineatus] Broadley 1961 [as n. nigrolineatus] Broadley 1963 [as n. nigrolineatus] Broadley 1966 [as nigrolineatus] Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Wermuth 1968 [as n. nigrolineatus] Genus Matobosaurus (Giant Plated Lizards)   Matobosaurus validus Eastern Giant Plated Lizard Bates, Tolley, Edwards, Davids, Silva & Branch 2013 Branch 1998 Broadley 1959 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Wermuth 1968  Family Lacertidae (Typical Lizards) Genus Holaspis (Blue-tailed Gliding Lizards)   Holaspis laevis Eastern Blue-tailed Gliding Lizard Arnold 1989 Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Genus Ichnotropis (Rough-scaled Lizards)   Ichnotropis bivittata Angolan Rough-scaled Lizard Broadley 1971 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Ichnotropis capensis Southern Rough-scaled Lizard Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Genus Latastia (African Long-tailed Lizards)   Latastia johnstonii Malawi Long-tailed Lizard Bischoff 1991 Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Dudley 1978 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Genus Meroles (Southwest African Desert Lizards)   Meroles squamulosus Rough-scaled Desert Lizard Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Genus Nucras (Sandveld Lizards)   Nucras holubi Southern Sandveld Lizard Branch 1998 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Nucras ornata Ornate Sandveld Lizard Branch 1998 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1972 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974  Family Scincidae (Skinks) Genus Eumecia (East African Short-legged Skinks)   * Eumecia johnstoni Malawi Short-legged Skink Boulenger 1887 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Welch 1982 Genus Melanoseps (Black Limbless Skinks)   Melanoseps ater Common Black Limbless Skink Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Broadley, Whiting & Bauer 2006 Brygoo & Roux-Esteve 1981 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Portik, Mulungu, Sequeira & McEntee 2013 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Stevens 1974 Genus Mochlus (African Supple Skinks)   Mochlus sundevallii Common Savanna Supple Skink Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Broadley 1994 Dudley 1978 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Genus Panaspis (African Snake-eyed Skinks)   Panaspis maculicollus Spotted-neck Snake-eyed Skink Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Panaspis wahlbergii Savanna Snake-eyed Skink Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Fonseca & Jocque 1979 Fuhn 1970 Jacobsen & Broadley 2000 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Genus Proscelotes (African Slender Skinks)   * Proscelotes mlanjensis Mulanje Slender Skink Branch 1998 Broadley 1961 [as arnoldi] Broadley 1963 [as arnoldi] Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Genus Sepsina (Savannah Burrowing Skinks)   Sepsina tetradactyla Eastern Four-toed Burrowing Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Stevens 1974 Genus Trachylepis (African-American Grass and Forest Skinks)   Trachylepis boulengeri Lindi Speckled-lipped Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Broadley 1974 Broadley 2000 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974   Trachylepis brauni Ukinga Mountain Skink Broadley 1961 [as hildae] Broadley 1966 [as Mabuya hildae] Broadley 1971 [as hildae] Broadley 1977 Broadley 2000 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 [as T. hildae] Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trachylepis lacertiformis Bronze Rock Skink Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1975 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974   Trachylepis maculilabris Common Speckled-lipped Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Broadley 1974 Broadley 2000 Fischer & Hinkel 1992 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974   Trachylepis margaritifer African Rainbow Skink Broadley & Bauer 1998 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Broadley 2000 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974   Trachylepis megalura Grass-top Skink Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   * Trachylepis mlanjensis Mulanje Skink Branch 1998 [as Mabuya striata punctatissima] Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Broadley 1977 [as Mabuya striata punctatissimus] Broadley 2000 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Portik, Mulungu, Sequeira & McEntee 2013 Stevens 1974   Trachylepis planifrons Teita Skink Fonseca & Jocque 1979 Koppetsch 2020 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Verburght & Broadley 2012   Trachylepis striata Eastern Striped Skink Blaylock 1963 Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Broadley 1977 Broadley 2000 Dudley & Stead 1976 Fonseca & Jocque 1979 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968   Trachylepis varia Savanna Variable Skink Blaylock 1963 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Weinell & Bauer 2018   Trachylepis wahlbergii Mopane Skink Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021  Family Varanidae (Monitor Lizards) Genus Varanus (Monitor Lizards)   Varanus albigularis White-throated Monitor Bayless 2002 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974   Varanus niloticus Nile Monitor Bayless 2002 Broadley 1961 Dudley & Stead 1976 Dudley 1978 Fonseca & Jocque 1979 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968

	Snakes (Serpentes)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids) Genus Crotaphopeltis (Herald Snakes)   Crotaphopeltis hotamboeia Common Herald Snake Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971   Crotaphopeltis tornieri Forest White-lipped Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Rasmussen 1993 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Sweeney 1971 Genus Dasypeltis (African Egg Eaters)   Dasypeltis medici East African Egg Eater Bates & Broadley 2018 Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Gans 1959 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974   Dasypeltis scabra Common African Egg Eater Blaylock 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Dudley 1978 Gans 1959 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971 Genus Dipsadoboa (Nocturnal Tree Snakes)   Dipsadoboa aulica Cross-barred Nocturnal Tree Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Rasmussen 1989 Stevens 1974   Dipsadoboa flavida Northern Marbled Nocturnal Tree Snake Branch 1998 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Rasmussen 1989 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Stevens 1974   Dipsadoboa shrevei Angolan Nocturnal Tree Snake Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Genus Dispholidus (Boomslangs)   Dispholidus viridis Green Boomslang Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Genus Meizodon (African Smooth Snakes)   Meizodon semiornatus Semi-ornate Smooth Snake Blaylock 1963 Broadley 1966 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Pitman 1974 Schatti 1985 Stevens 1974 Genus Natriciteres (African Marsh Snakes)   Natriciteres olivacea Olive Marsh Snake Blaylock 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Dudley 1978 Fonseca & Jocque 1979 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971   Natriciteres sylvatica Eastern Forest Marsh Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Broadley 1983 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Stevens 1974 Genus Philothamnus (African Green Snakes)   Philothamnus angolensis Angolan Green Snake Blaylock 1963 [as P. i. irregularis] Broadley 1966 [as P. i. irregularis] Broadley 1971 [as P. i. irregularis] Broadley 1983 Fonseca & Jocque 1979 [as P. i. irregularis] Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 [as P. i. irregularis] Sweeney 1971 [as P. irregularis]   Philothamnus hoplogaster Southeastern Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Dudley 1978 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971   Philothamnus ornatus Ornate Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1971 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Philothamnus punctatus Speckled Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Philothamnus semivariegatus Variegated Bush Snake Blaylock 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Fonseca & Jocque 1979 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971 Genus Telescopus (Afro-Asian Cat Snakes)   Telescopus semiannulatus Southern Tiger Snake Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Fonseca & Jocque 1979 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Sweeney 1971 Genus Thelotornis (African Vine Snakes)   Thelotornis capensis Southern Vine Snake Broadley & Wallach 2002 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Broadley 1983 Broadley 2001 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974   Thelotornis mossambicanus Eastern Vine Snake Broadley & Wallach 2002 Broadley 1983 Broadley 2001 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021  Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.) Genus Dendroaspis (Mambas)   Dendroaspis intermedius Eastern Green Mamba Broadley & Howell 1991 [as D. angusticeps] Broadley 1966 [as D. angusticeps] Broadley 1971 [as D. angusticeps] Broadley 1983 [as D. angusticeps] David & Ineich 1999 [as D. angusticeps] Fonseca & Jocque 1979 [as D. angusticeps] Loveridge 1957 [as D. angusticeps] Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 [as D. angusticeps] Portik, Mulungu, Sequeira & McEntee 2013 [as D. angusticeps] Spawls & Branch 1995 [as D. angusticeps] Stevens 1974 [as D. a. angusticeps] Sweeney 1971 [as D. angusticeps]   Dendroaspis polylepis Black Mamba Broadley 1966 David & Ineich 1999 Haakansson & Madsen 1983 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls & Branch 1995 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971 Genus Elapsoidea (African Garter Snakes)   Elapsoidea boulengeri Zambezi Garter Snake Broadley 1971 Broadley 1998 David & Ineich 1999 Mercurio 2007 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls & Branch 1995 Stevens 1974 Genus Naja (Typical Cobras)   Naja annulifera African Banded Cobra Blaylock 1963 [as N. h. haje] Broadley & Wuster 2004 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1968 Broadley 1983 Broadley 1995 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls & Branch 1995 [as N. haje] Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971 [as N. haje]   Naja crawshayi Katanga Spitting Cobra Broadley & Cotterill 2004 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 [as N. nigricollis] Broadley 1983 [as N. n. nigricollis] Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 [as N. nigricollis] Spawls & Branch 1995 [as N. nigricollis] Stewart 1968 Sweeney 1971 [as N. nigricollis] Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 [as N. nigricollis]   Naja mossambica Mozambique Spitting Cobra Blaylock 1963 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 David & Ineich 1999 Dudley 1978 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls & Branch 1995 Stevens 1974 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Naja subfulva Brown Forest Cobra Broadley 1966 [as N. melanoleuca] Broadley 1971 David & Ineich 1999 [as N. melanoleuca] Fonseca & Jocque 1979 [as N. melanoleuca] Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls & Branch 1995 [as N. melanoleuca] Stevens 1974 [as N. melanoleuca] Sweeney 1971 [as N. melanoleuca] Wuster, Chirio, Trape, Ineich, Jackson, Greenbaum, Barron, Kusamba, Nagy, Storey, Hall, Wuster, Barlow & Broadley 2018  Family Lamprophiidae (House Snakes, etc.) Genus Amblyodipsas (Purple-glossed Snakes and Quill-snouted Snakes)   Amblyodipsas bicolor Bicoloured Quill-snouted Snake Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Amblyodipsas polylepis Common Purple-glossed Snake Broadley 1966 [as Calamelaps unicolor miolepis] Broadley 1971 Broadley 1983 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 [as Calamelaps unicolor miolepis] Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Aparallactus (African Centipede Eaters)   Aparallactus capensis Cape Centipede Eater Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Sweeney 1971 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Aparallactus guentheri East African Black Centipede Eater Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1983 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Aparallactus lunulatus Reticulated Centipede Eater Broadley 1966 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Pitman 1974 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Atractaspis (Stiletto Snakes)   Atractaspis bibronii Southern Stiletto Snake Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Broadley 1991 David & Ineich 1999 Laurent 1950 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Portik, Mulungu, Sequeira & McEntee 2013 Spawls & Branch 1995 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Sweeney 1971 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Boaedon (Afro-Arabian House Snakes)   Boaedon capensis Brown House Snake Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Boaedon fuliginosus Common African House Snake Blaylock 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Sweeney 1971 Genus Dromophis (Olympic Snakes)   Dromophis lineatus Lined Olympic Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Hughes 2004 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Pitman 1974 Genus Duberria (African Slug Eaters)   Duberria shirana Shire Slug Eater Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Portik, Mulungu, Sequeira & McEntee 2013 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Sweeney 1971 Genus Gracililima (Black File Snake)   Gracililima nyassae Black File Snake Broadley 1966 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Sweeney 1971 Genus Hemirhagerrhis (Bark Snakes)   Hemirhagerrhis nototaenia Southeastern Bark Snake Broadley & Hughes 2000 Broadley 1966 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971 Genus Kladirostratus (Striped Beaked Snakes)   Kladirostratus acutus Eastern Striped Beaked Snake Keates, Conradie, Greenbaum & Edwards 2019 Genus Limaformosa (Venus File Snakes)   Limaformosa capensis Cape File Snake Broadley 1971 Lanza & Broadley 2014 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971 Genus Lycodonomorphus (Southern African Water Snakes)   Lycodonomorphus mlanjensis Mulanje White-bellied Water Snake Broadley 1966 Broadley 1967 Broadley 1983 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974   Lycodonomorphus obscuriventris Floodplain Water Snake Kyle, Alexander & Preez 2021 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Lycodonomorphus whytii Malawi Water Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Sweeney 1971 Genus Lycophidion (African Wolf Snakes)   Lycophidion acutirostre Mozambique Wolf Snake Broadley 1996 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Stevens 1974 [as L. semiannule]   Lycophidion capense Cape Wolf Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1983 Broadley 1996 Fonseca & Jocque 1979 Laurent 1968 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971 Genus Polemon (African Snake Eaters)   Polemon ater Black Snake Eater Mercurio 2007 [as P. christyi] Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Genus Prosymna (Shovel-snout Snakes)   Prosymna pitmani Multi-scaled Shovel-snout Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1980 Pietersen & Stanton 2019 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974   Prosymna stuhlmannii East African Shovel-snout Broadley 1966 [as P. a. ambigua] Broadley 1980 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 [as P. a. ambigua] Sweeney 1971 [as P. ambigua] Genus Psammophis (Old World Sand Snakes and Grass Snakes)   Psammophis angolensis Dwarf Sand Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1977 Broadley 2002 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Sweeney 1971   Psammophis mossambicus East African Olive Grass Snake Broadley 2002 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Trape, Crochet, Broadley, Sourouille, Mane, Burger, Boehme, Saleh, Karan, Lanza & Mediannikov 2019   Psammophis orientalis Eastern Stripe-bellied Sand Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1977 Broadley 1983 Broadley 2002 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Trape, Crochet, Broadley, Sourouille, Mane, Burger, Boehme, Saleh, Karan, Lanza & Mediannikov 2019   Psammophis subtaeniatus Western Stripe-bellied Sand Snake Broadley 1963 Fonseca & Jocque 1979 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971   Psammophis sudanensis Sudan Sand Snake Blaylock 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Loveridge 1957 Pitman 1974 Stevens 1974   Psammophis zambiensis Zambian Sand Snake Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Trape, Crochet, Broadley, Sourouille, Mane, Burger, Boehme, Saleh, Karan, Lanza & Mediannikov 2019 Genus Psammophylax (Skaapstekers)   Psammophylax tritaeniatus Southern Striped Skaapsteker Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Broadley 1976 Dudley 1978 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971   Psammophylax variabilis Grey-bellied Skaapsteker Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Broadley 1976 Keates, Conradie, Greenbaum & Edwards 2019 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Portik, Mulungu, Sequeira & McEntee 2013 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Sweeney 1971 Genus Pseudaspis (African Mole Snake)   Pseudaspis cana African Mole Snake Broadley 1966 Dudley 1978 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Genus Rhamphiophis (Beaked Snakes)   Rhamphiophis rostratus Rufous Beaked Snake Blaylock 1963 Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1983 Chirio & Ineich 1991 Loveridge 1957 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971 [as R. oxyrhynchus]  Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes) Genus Leptotyphlops (Typical Thread Snakes)   Leptotyphlops incognitus Incognito Thread Snake Branch 1998 Broadley & Broadley 1999 Broadley & Wallach 1997 Broadley & Watson 1976 Broadley 1983 Hahn 1980 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Leptotyphlops scutifrons Zambezi Thread Snake Broadley & Watson 1976 Broadley 1966 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Genus Myriopholis (Many-scaled Thread Snakes)   Myriopholis ionidesi Liwale Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021   Myriopholis longicauda Southern African Long-tailed Thread Snake Broadley & Broadley 1999 Broadley & Watson 1976 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971  Family Pythonidae (Pythons) Genus Python (Typical Pythons)   Python natalensis Southern Rock Python Broadley 1966 [as sebae] Broadley 1971 [as sebae] Broadley 1984 Dudley 1978 [as sebae] Fonseca & Jocque 1979 [as sebae] Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls & Branch 1995 [as sebae] Stevens 1974 [as sebae] Stewart 1968 [as sebae] Sweeney 1971 [as P. sebae]  Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes) Genus Afrotyphlops (African Giant Blind Snakes)   Afrotyphlops fornasinii East African Blind Snake Sweeney 1971 [as Typhlops tettensis]   Afrotyphlops mucruso Zambezi Giant Blind Snake Blaylock 1963 Broadley & Wallach 2009 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1983 Hahn 1980 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968   Afrotyphlops obtusus Southern Gracile Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1983 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Stevens 1974  Family Viperidae (Vipers) Genus Atheris (African Bush Vipers)   Atheris rungweensis Mount Rungwe Bush Viper Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1998 David & Ineich 1999 Loveridge 1957 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 [as nitschei] Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls & Branch 1995 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002 Sweeney 1971 Genus Bitis (African Adders)   Bitis arietans Common Puff Adder Blaylock 1963 Branch 1998 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 David & Ineich 1999 Dudley 1978 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls & Branch 1995 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Sweeney 1971   Bitis gabonica Gaboon Adder Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls & Branch 1995 Sweeney 1971 Wilson 2004 Genus Causus (Night Adders)   Causus defilippii Snouted Night Adder Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 David & Ineich 1999 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Rasmussen 2005 Spawls & Branch 1995 Stevens 1974 Stewart 1968 Sweeney 1971   Causus rhombeatus Rhombic Night Adder Blaylock 1963 Broadley 1966 David & Ineich 1999 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Rasmussen 2005 Spawls & Branch 1995 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971 Genus Proatheris (Lowland Swamp Viper)   Proatheris superciliaris Lowland Swamp Viper Blaylock 1963 Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1960 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 David & Ineich 1999 Dudley 1978 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Spawls & Branch 1995 Stevens 1974 Sweeney 1971

	Turtles (Testudines)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Pelomedusidae (African Side-necked Turtles) Genus Pelomedusa (African Helmeted Turtles)   Pelomedusa subrufa Common Helmeted Turtle Boycott & Bourquin 2008 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 King & Burke 1989 Petzold, Vargas-Ramirez, Kehlmaier, Vamberger, Branch, Preez, Hofmeyr, Meyer, Schleicher, Siroky & Fritz 2014 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stevens 1974 Genus Pelusios (African Mud Turtles)   Pelusios castanoides Yellow-bellied Mud Turtle Bonin, Devaux & Dupre 2006 Broadley 1966 [as castaneus] Broadley 1971 [as castaneus] King & Burke 1989 McCord, Joseph-Ouni & Bour 2004 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021   Pelusios rhodesianus Zambian Mud Turtle King & Burke 1989 McCord, Joseph-Ouni & Bour 2004 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021   Pelusios sinuatus East African Serrated Mud Turtle Broadley & Boycott 2009 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1963 Broadley 1966 Dudley 1978 King & Burke 1989 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021   Pelusios subniger East African Black Mud Turtle Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Dudley 1978 King & Burke 1989 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021  Family Testudinidae (Tortoises) Genus Kinixys (Hinge-back Tortoises)   Kinixys spekii Eastern Savanna Hinge-back Tortoise Hailey, Broadley, Boycott & Spawls 2021 Ihlow, Farooq, Gvozdik, Hofmeyr, Conradie, Campbell, Harvey, Verburgt & Fritz 2019 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021   Kinixys zombensis Southeastern Hinge-back Tortoise Broadley 1961 [as belliana] Broadley 1971 [as belliana] Fonseca & Jocque 1979 [as belliana] Fritz & Havas 2006 [as belliana] Iverson 1992 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stevens 1974 [as belliana] Stewart 1968 [as belliana] Genus Stigmochelys (Leopard Tortoise)   Stigmochelys pardalis Leopard Tortoise Broadley 1961 [as babcocki] Broadley 1966 King & Burke 1989 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021  Family Trionychidae (Softshell Turtles) Genus Cycloderma (Central African Flapshell Turtles)   Cycloderma frenatum Zambezi Flapshell Turtle Broadley & Sachsse 2011 Broadley 1961 Broadley 1966 Broadley 1971 Dudley 1978 Pietersen, Verburght & Davies 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Stevens 1974