Reptiles of Somalia    Bibliography of the reptiles of Somalia Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Somalia Introduced species

Home - Taxonomy - Geography - Biodiversity - Literature - Purchase RepFocus

Recent updates

Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial. Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:

	Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Amphisbaenidae (Typical Worm Lizards) Genus Ancylocranium (Sharp-snouted Worm Lizards)   * Ancylocranium parkeri Northern Somali Sharp-snouted Worm Lizard Gans 2005 Lanza 1990   * Ancylocranium somalicum Southern Somali Sharp-snouted Worm Lizard Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Lanza 1990  Family Trogonophidae (Short-headed Worm Lizards) Genus Agamodon (Chisel-headed Worm Lizards)   Agamodon anguliceps Southern Somali Chisel-headed Worm Lizard Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Lanza 1990   * Agamodon compressus Flat Chisel-headed Worm Lizard Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Lanza 1990   * Agamodon immaculatus Central Somali Chisel-headed Worm Lizard Gans 2005 Lanza 1990

	Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Crocodylidae (Crocodiles) Genus Crocodylus (Typical Crocodiles)   Crocodylus niloticus Nile Crocodile Fuchs, Mertens & Wermuth 1974 King & Burke 1989 Lanza 1990 Wermuth & Mertens 1977

	Lizards (Sauria)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Agamidae (Agamas and Dragons) Genus Acanthocercus (Ridgeback Agamas)   Acanthocercus annectans Eritrean Ridgeback Agama Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 Wagner, Greenbaum, Bauer, Kusamba & Leache 2018 Wermuth 1967   Acanthocercus phillipsii Somaliland Ridgeback Agama Lanza 1990 Genus Agama (Typical Agamas)   Agama bottegi Lugh Agama Lanza 1990 Wagner & Bauer 2011 Wagner, Leache, Mazuch & Boehme 2013 Wermuth 1967   * Agama lanzai Bari Agama Wagner, Leache, Mazuch & Boehme 2013   Agama persimilis Somali Painted Agama Lanza 1990 Wagner & Bauer 2011 Wermuth 1967   Agama robecchii Somaliland Agama Lanza 1990 Wermuth 1967   Agama rueppelli Arboreal Agama Lanza 1990 Wagner & Bauer 2011 Wermuth 1967   * Agama somalica Las Geel Agama Lanza 1990 [as spinosa] Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 [as spinosa] Wagner, Leache, Mazuch & Boehme 2013 Genus Uromastyx (Western Spiny-tailed Agamas)   Uromastyx macfadyeni Somali Spiny-tailed Agama Lanza 1990 Wilms & Boehme 2000 Wilms 2001 Wilms, Boehme, Wagner, Lutzmann & Schmitz 2009   Uromastyx ocellata Ocellated Spiny-tailed Agama Schatti & Gasperetti 1994 Wilms & Boehme 2000 Wilms 2001 Wilms, Boehme, Wagner, Lutzmann & Schmitz 2009   * Uromastyx princeps Armored Spiny-tailed Agama Lanza 1990 Wermuth 1967 Wilms 2001 Wilms, Boehme, Wagner, Lutzmann & Schmitz 2009 Genus Xenagama (Shield-tailed Agamas)   * Xenagama batillifera Somali Shield-tailed Agama Boehme & Kirschner 2002 Lanza 1990 Wagner, Mazuch & Bauer 2013 Wermuth 1967   Xenagama taylori Haud Shield-tailed Agama Boehme & Kirschner 2002 Lanza 1990 Wagner, Mazuch & Bauer 2013 Wermuth 1967   Xenagama wilmsi Jijiga Shield-tailed Agama Wagner, Mazuch & Bauer 2013  Family Chamaeleonidae (Chameleons) Genus Chamaeleo (Typical Chameleons)   Chamaeleo calcaricarens Spurless Basilisk Chameleon Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Lanza 1990 Tilbury 2010   Chamaeleo dilepis Flap-necked Chameleon Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Lanza 1990 Tilbury 2010   Chamaeleo gracilis Graceful Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Lanza 1990 Tilbury 2010 Genus Rieppeleon (Short-tailed Leaf Chameleons)   Rieppeleon kerstenii Kenya Leaf Chameleon Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Lanza 1990 Tilbury 2010 Genus Trioceros (Equatorial Chameleons)   Trioceros bitaeniatus Two-striped Chameleon Broadley & Howell 1991 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Loveridge 1957 Tilbury 2010  Family Eublepharidae (Eyelid Geckos) Genus Hemitheconyx (African Fat-tailed Geckos)   Hemitheconyx taylori East African Fat-tailed Gecko Grismer 1988 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Genus Holodactylus (East African Clawed Geckos)   Holodactylus africanus Masai Clawed Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Loveridge 1957   * Holodactylus cornii Somali Clawed Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Seufer, Kaverkin & Kirschner (eds.) 2005  Family Gekkonidae (Typical Geckos) Genus Hemidactylus (Half-toed Geckos)   Hemidactylus afarensis Afar Half-toed Gecko Carranza & Arnold 2012 [as H. sinaitus] Lanza 1990 [as H. sinaitus] Schatti & Gasperetti 1994 [as H. sinaitus] Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 [as H. sinaitus] Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020   Hemidactylus albopunctatus White-spotted Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Loveridge 1957 Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020 Wermuth 1965   Hemidactylus angulatus West African House Gecko Loveridge 1947   Hemidactylus arnoldi Guban Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990   Hemidactylus barodanus Libar Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Wermuth 1965   Hemidactylus bavazzanoi Somali Banded Gecko Lanza 1990 Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Hemidactylus citernii Rahanuin Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Loveridge 1957 Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020 Wermuth 1965   Hemidactylus curlei Borama Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020 Wermuth 1965   Hemidactylus flaviviridis Yellow-bellied House Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Wermuth 1965   Hemidactylus fragilis Bur Meldac Half-toed Gecko Mazuch, Smid & Bauer 2016   Hemidactylus funaiolii Archer's Post Gecko Lanza 1990 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Hemidactylus granchii Obbia Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990   Hemidactylus isolepis Ethiopian Even-scaled Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Loveridge 1957 Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020   * Hemidactylus klauberi Gelib Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990 Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020 Wermuth 1965   * Hemidactylus laevis Smooth Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Mazuch, Smid & Bauer 2016 Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020 Wermuth 1965   Hemidactylus macropholis Large-scaled Warty Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Loveridge 1957   * Hemidactylus megalops Large-eyed Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020 Wermuth 1965   Hemidactylus mercatorius Farquhar Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990 Romoli-Sassi, Russell & Lanza 1972   Hemidactylus modestus Tana River Gecko Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020   Hemidactylus ophiolepoides Eastern Snake-scaled Gecko Lanza 1990 Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020   Hemidactylus pauciporosus Galgala Half-toed Gecko Arnold 1986 [as yerburii] Lanza 1990 [as yerburii] Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 [as yerburii]   Hemidactylus platycephalus Flat-headed Tropical House Gecko Broadley 1977 Lanza 1990   * Hemidactylus puccionii Somali Plain Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Loveridge 1957 Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020 Wermuth 1965   Hemidactylus robustus Red Sea Half-toed Gecko Arnold 1986 [as turcicus] Carranza & Arnold 2012 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 [as turcicus] Salvador in Boehme (ed.) 1981 [as turcicus] Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008   Hemidactylus ruspolii Turnip-tailed Black-and-Yellow Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Loveridge 1957 Wermuth 1965   Hemidactylus smithi Shebeli Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Wermuth 1965   Hemidactylus somalicus Somali Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020 Wermuth 1965   Hemidactylus squamulatus Nyika Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990 Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020   * Hemidactylus taylori Sol Haud Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Wermuth 1965   Hemidactylus tropidolepis Ogaden Half-toed Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Loveridge 1957 Smid, Mazuch, Novakova, Modry, Malonza, Elmi, Carranza & Moravec 2020 Wermuth 1965 Genus Homopholis (African Velvet Geckos)   Homopholis fasciata Banded Velvet Gecko Broadley, Jackman & Bauer 2014 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Genus Lygodactylus (African-Neotropical Dwarf Geckos)   Lygodactylus gutturalis Chevron-throated Dwarf Gecko Lanza 1990   Lygodactylus scorteccii Somali Painted Dwarf Gecko Lanza 1990 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wermuth 1965   Lygodactylus somalicus Northeastern Somali Dwarf Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Loveridge 1957 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018 Wermuth 1965 Genus Tropiocolotes (Afro-Asian Desert Dwarf Geckos)   Tropiocolotes somalicus Somali Dwarf Gecko Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Minton, Anderson & Anderson 1970 Ribeiro Junior, Tamar, Maza, Flecks, Wagner, Shacham, Calvo, Geniez, Crochet, Koch & Meiri 2022 Szczerbak & Golubev 1996 [as tripolitanus] Wermuth 1965  Family Gerrhosauridae (Plated Lizards) Genus Broadleysaurus (Rough-scaled Plated Lizard)   Broadleysaurus major Rough-scaled Plated Lizard Bates, Tolley, Edwards, Davids, Silva & Branch 2013 Broadley 1987 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 Genus Gerrhosaurus (Typical Plated Lizards)   Gerrhosaurus flavigularis Yellow-throated Plated Lizard Lanza 1990  Family Lacertidae (Typical Lizards) Genus Heliobolus (Bushveld Lizards)   Heliobolus spekii East African Bushveld Lizard Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 Szczerbak 1975 Genus Latastia (African Long-tailed Lizards)   Latastia boscai Eritrean Long-tailed Lizard Bischoff 1991 Lanza 1990   Latastia caeruleopunctata Blue-spotted Long-tailed Lizard Bischoff 1991 Lanza 1990   * Latastia cherchii Mudug Long-tailed Lizard Bischoff 1991 Lanza 1990   Latastia doriai Adal Long-tailed Lizard Bischoff 1991 Lanza 1990   Latastia lanzai Dinsor Long-tailed Lizard Bischoff 1991 Lanza 1990   Latastia longicaudata Common Long-tailed Lizard Bischoff 1991 Lanza 1990   * Latastia petersiana Barawa Long-tailed Lizard Bischoff 1991 [as L. carinata] Lanza 1990 [as L. carinata] Mazuch 2021 Mertens 1938   Latastia scorteccii Mandah Long-tailed Lizard Bischoff 1991 Lanza 1990   * Latastia taylori Buran Valley Long-tailed Lizard Bischoff 1991 Lanza 1990 Genus Mesalina (Afro-Asian Desert Lizards)   * Mesalina ercolinii Somali Desert Lizard Lanza 1990 Yousefkhani, Marin & Rastegar-Pouyani 2015   Mesalina martini Red Sea Desert Lizard Lanza 1990 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak 1975 Yousefkhani, Marin & Rastegar-Pouyani 2015 Genus Philochortus (Shield-backed Ground Lizards)   Philochortus hardeggeri Ethiopian Shield-backed Ground Lizard Lanza 1990   Philochortus intermedius Northern Shield-backed Ground Lizard Berre 1989 Lanza 1990   Philochortus phillipsii Somali Shield-backed Ground Lizard Lanza 1990   Philochortus spinalis Eritrean Shield-backed Ground Lizard Lanza 1990 Genus Pseuderemias (Sand Runners)   Pseuderemias brenneri Barawa Sand Runner Bischoff 1992 Lanza 1990 Szczerbak 1975   * Pseuderemias erythrosticta Red-spotted Sand Runner Bischoff 1992 Lanza 1990 Szczerbak 1975   Pseuderemias mucronata Anseba Sand Runner Berre 1989 Bischoff 1992 Lanza 1990 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak 1975   * Pseuderemias savagei Kandala Sand Runner Bischoff 1992 Gans, Laurent & Pandit 1965 Lanza 1990 Szczerbak 1975   * Pseuderemias septemstriata Halin Sand Runner Bischoff 1992 Lanza 1990 Parker 1942 Szczerbak 1975   Pseuderemias smithi Ethiopian Sand Runner Bischoff 1992 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 Szczerbak 1975   Pseuderemias striata Striped Sand Runner Bischoff 1992 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 Szczerbak 1975  Family Phyllodactylidae (Leaf-toed Geckos) Genus Ptyodactylus (Fan-toed Geckos)   Ptyodactylus ragazzii Eritrean Fan-toed Gecko Heimes 1987 Lanza 1990 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Genus Tarentola (Wall Geckos)   Tarentola annularis Egyptian White-spotted Gecko Joger 1984 Lanza 1990 Papenfuss 1969 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008  Family Scincidae (Skinks) Genus Chalcides (Cylindrical Skinks)   Chalcides ocellatus Mediterranean Ocellated Skink Berre 1989 Greenbaum, Campbell & Raxworthy 2006 Lanza 1990 Pasteur 1981   Chalcides ragazzii Eritrean Cylindrical Skink Carranza, Arnold, Geniez, Roca & Mateo 2008 Greenbaum, Campbell & Raxworthy 2006 Lanza 1990 Genus Cryptoblepharus (Indo-Pacific Snake-eyed Skinks)   Cryptoblepharus africanus African Coral-rag Snake-eyed Skink Fuhn 1970 Lanza 1990 Genus Haackgreerius (Somali Blind Sand Slider)   * Haackgreerius miopus Somali Blind Sand Slider Lanza 1990 Genus Mochlus (African Supple Skinks)   * Mochlus grandisonianus Northeastern Somali Supple Skink Lanza 1990   * Mochlus laeviceps Southeastern Somali Supple Skink Lanza 1990   Mochlus mabuiiformis Kenya Supple Skink Lanza 1990 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Mochlus paedocarinatus Abyssinian Supple Skink Lanza 1990   * Mochlus productus Southern Supple Skink Lanza 1990   * Mochlus simonettai Afgoi Supple Skink Lanza 1990   Mochlus somalicus Somali Savanna Supple Skink Lanza 1990 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Mochlus sundevallii Common Savanna Supple Skink Broadley 1966 Broadley 1994 Lanza 1990   Mochlus tanae Tana River Supple Skink Lanza 1990 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Mochlus vinciguerrae Lugh Supple Skink Lanza 1990 Genus Panaspis (African Snake-eyed Skinks)   Panaspis wahlbergii Savanna Snake-eyed Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Jacobsen & Broadley 2000 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 Genus Trachylepis (African-American Grass and Forest Skinks)   Trachylepis brevicollis Short-necked Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   Trachylepis dichroma Tanzanian Short-necked Skink Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Trachylepis ferrarai Southern Somali Savanna Skink Lanza 1990   * Trachylepis hemmingi Northern Somali Savanna Skink Lanza 1990   Trachylepis hildebrandtii Barawa Skink Koppetsch 2020 Lanza 1990   Trachylepis maculilabris Common Speckled-lipped Skink Broadley 2000 Lanza 1990   Trachylepis planifrons Teita Skink Broadley & Howell 1991 Koppetsch 2020 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957   Trachylepis quinquetaeniata African Five-lined Skink Koppetsch 2020 Lanza 1990   Trachylepis striata Eastern Striped Skink Broadley 2000 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957   Trachylepis varia Savanna Variable Skink Broadley 2000 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957  Family Sphaerodactylidae (Least Geckos, etc.) Genus Pristurus (Semaphore Geckos)   Pristurus crucifer Cross-marked Semaphore Gecko Arnold 1993 Arnold 2009 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wermuth 1965   Pristurus flavipunctatus Yellow-spotted Semaphore Gecko Arnold 1993 Arnold 2009 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wermuth 1965   * Pristurus phillipsii Somali Mountain Semaphore Gecko Arnold 1993 Arnold 2009 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Wermuth 1965   Pristurus rupestris Rock Semaphore Gecko Arnold 1986 Arnold 1993 Arnold 2009 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1947 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wermuth 1965   * Pristurus simonettai Kismayo Semaphore Gecko Arnold 1993 Arnold 2009 Lanza 1990   Pristurus somalicus Somali Coastal Semaphore Gecko Arnold 1993 Arnold 2009  Family Varanidae (Monitor Lizards) Genus Varanus (Monitor Lizards)   Varanus albigularis White-throated Monitor Boehme 2003 Lanza 1990 Mertens 1963   Varanus niloticus Nile Monitor Bayless 2002 Lanza 1990 Lenz in Pianka, King & King (eds.) 2004

	Snakes (Serpentes)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Boidae (Typical Boas) Genus Eryx (Sand Boas)   * Eryx borrii Northern Somali Sand Boa Lanza & Nistri 2005   Eryx colubrinus East African Sand Boa Lanza & Nistri 2005 Lanza 1990 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Stimson 1969   Eryx somalicus Southern Somali Sand Boa Lanza & Nistri 2005 Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Stimson 1969  Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids) Genus Aeluroglena (Somali Hooded Snake)   Aeluroglena cucullata Somali Hooded Snake Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Aprosdoketophis (Addur Woodland Snake)   * Aprosdoketophis andreonei Addur Woodland Snake Wallach, Lanza & Nistri 2010 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Crotaphopeltis (Herald Snakes)   Crotaphopeltis braestrupi Tana Herald Snake Lanza 1990 Rasmussen 1985   Crotaphopeltis hotamboeia Common Herald Snake Lanza 1990 Rasmussen 1985 Genus Dasypeltis (African Egg Eaters)   Dasypeltis medici East African Egg Eater Bates & Broadley 2018 Broadley & Howell 1991 Gans 1959 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957   Dasypeltis scabra Common African Egg Eater Bates & Broadley 2018 Gans 1959 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957   Dasypeltis taylori Somali Egg Eater Bates & Broadley 2018 Genus Dipsadoboa (Nocturnal Tree Snakes)   Dipsadoboa flavida Northern Marbled Nocturnal Tree Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Lanza 1990 Rasmussen 1989 Genus Dispholidus (Boomslangs)   Dispholidus sp. (Boomslang) David & Ineich 1999 [as D. typus] Lanza 1990 [as D. typus] Spawls & Branch 1995 [as D. typus] Genus Meizodon (African Smooth Snakes)   Meizodon plumbiceps Black-headed Smooth Snake Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Schatti 1985   Meizodon semiornatus Semi-ornate Smooth Snake Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Schatti 1985 Genus Natriciteres (African Marsh Snakes)   Natriciteres olivacea Olive Marsh Snake Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Loveridge 1957 Papenfuss 1969 Genus Philothamnus (African Green Snakes)   Philothamnus battersbyi Northeastern Green Snake Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Loveridge 1957   Philothamnus punctatus Speckled Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Genus Platyceps (Flat-headed Whip Snakes)   Platyceps brevis Somali Dwarf Whip Snake Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 Schatti & Charvet 2003 Schatti 1988   Platyceps florulentus Egyptian Whip Snake Lanza 1983 Schatti 1988 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   * Platyceps messanai Nogal Valley Whip Snake Lanza 1990   Platyceps rhodorachis Wadi Whip Snake Gasperetti 1988 Lanza 1990 Perry 2012 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   * Platyceps scorteccii Dura Mareb Whip Snake Lanza 1990   Platyceps taylori Somali Whip Snake Lanza 1990 Schatti 1988 Genus Spalerosophis (Diadem Snakes)   * Spalerosophis josephscorteccii Somali Diadem Snake Lanza 1990 Genus Telescopus (Afro-Asian Cat Snakes)   Telescopus obtusus Egyptian Cat Snake Crochet, Rasmussen, Wilms, Geniez, Trape & Boehme 2008 Lanza 1990 [as dhara] Largen & Rasmussen 1993 [as dhara] Loveridge 1957 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 [as dhara] Spawls, Malonza & Beraduccii 2021   Telescopus pulcher Somali Cat Snake Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Mazuch, Smid, Price, Frydlova, Awale, Elmi & Frynta 2018 Genus Thelotornis (African Vine Snakes)   Thelotornis mossambicanus Eastern Vine Snake Broadley & Wallach 2002 Broadley 2001 Lanza 1990 Spawls & Branch 1995  Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.) Genus Dendroaspis (Mambas)   Dendroaspis polylepis Black Mamba David & Ineich 1999 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 Spawls & Branch 1995 Genus Elapsoidea (African Garter Snakes)   * Elapsoidea broadleyi Jilib Garter Snake David & Ineich 1999 Jakobsen 1997   * Elapsoidea chelazziorum Southern Somali Garter Snake David & Ineich 1999 Lanza 1990 Spawls & Branch 1995   Elapsoidea loveridgei Northeastern Garter Snake Lanza 1990 Spawls & Branch 1995 Genus Naja (Typical Cobras)   Naja ashei East African Spitting Cobra Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Wuster & Broadley 2007   Naja haje Egyptian Cobra Lanza 1990 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Spawls & Branch 1995   Naja pallida Eastern Pallid Spitting Cobra Broadley 1968 Lanza 1990 Spawls & Branch 1995 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Naja subfulva Brown Forest Cobra Broadley 1968 [as N. melanoleuca] David & Ineich 1999 [as N. melanoleuca] Lanza 1990 [as N. melanoleuca] Spawls & Branch 1995 [as N. melanoleuca]  Family Elapidae [part 2: marine species] (Sea Snakes) Genus Hydrophis (Typical Sea Snakes)   Hydrophis platurus Yellow-bellied Sea Snake David & Ineich 1999 Ineich 1988 Lanza 1990 Spawls & Branch 1995  Family Lamprophiidae (House Snakes, etc.) Genus Amblyodipsas (Purple-glossed Snakes and Quill-snouted Snakes)   Amblyodipsas polylepis Common Purple-glossed Snake Lanza 1990 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Aparallactus (African Centipede Eaters)   Aparallactus jacksonii Sudan Centipede Eater Lanza 1990 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Aparallactus lunulatus Reticulated Centipede Eater Broadley & Howell 1991 Lanza 1990 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Atractaspis (Stiletto Snakes)   Atractaspis bibronii Southern Stiletto Snake Broadley 1991 David & Ineich 1999 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Lanza 1990 Spawls & Branch 1995 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atractaspis engdahli Kismayu Stiletto Snake David & Ineich 1999 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Lanza 1990 Laurent 1950 Spawls & Branch 1995 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atractaspis fallax False Stiletto Snake David & Ineich 1999 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Lanza 1990 Laurent 1950 Spawls & Branch 1995 [as A. microlepidota] Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atractaspis leucomelas Ogaden Stiletto Snake David & Ineich 1999 Lanza 1990 Laurent 1950 Spawls & Branch 1995 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atractaspis scorteccii Somali Stiletto Snake David & Ineich 1999 Lanza 1990 Spawls & Branch 1995 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Boaedon (Afro-Arabian House Snakes)   Boaedon capensis Brown House Snake Hughes 1997   Boaedon fuliginosus Common African House Snake Hughes 1997 Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993   Boaedon maculatus Somali House Snake Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Genus Gracililima (Black File Snake)   Gracililima nyassae Black File Snake Lanza & Broadley 2014 Lanza 1990 Genus Hemirhagerrhis (Bark Snakes)   Hemirhagerrhis hildebrandtii Kenyan Bark Snake Broadley & Hughes 2000   Hemirhagerrhis kelleri Stripe-bellied Bark Snake Broadley & Hughes 2000 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 Genus Limaformosa (Venus File Snakes)   Limaformosa chanleri Unicolor File Snake Lanza & Broadley 2014   Limaformosa savorgnani Central African Forest File Snake Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 [as capensis] Loveridge 1957 Pitman 1974 Genus Lycophidion (African Wolf Snakes)   Lycophidion capense Cape Wolf Snake Broadley & Hughes 1993 Broadley 1996 Lanza 1990   Lycophidion depressirostre Flat-snouted Wolf Snake Broadley & Hughes 1993 Broadley 1996 Lanza 1990 Laurent 1968   Lycophidion taylori Somali Wolf Snake Broadley & Hughes 1993 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Genus Prosymna (Shovel-snout Snakes)   Prosymna ruspolii Southern Somali Shovel-snout Broadley 1980 Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993   Prosymna somalica Northern Somali Shovel-snout Broadley 1980 Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993   Prosymna stuhlmannii East African Shovel-snout Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1980 Lanza 1990 Genus Psammophis (Old World Sand Snakes and Grass Snakes)   Psammophis biseriatus Eastern Link-marked Sand Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Loveridge 1957   Psammophis punctulatus Northern Speckled Sand Snake Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993   Psammophis schokari Arabian Sand Snake Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Marx 1988   Psammophis tanganicus Tanganyika Sand Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Loveridge 1957 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   Psammophis trivirgatus Southern Speckled Sand Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Loveridge 1957 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 [as P. punctulatus] Genus Rhamphiophis (Beaked Snakes)   Rhamphiophis rostratus Rufous Beaked Snake Broadley 1983 Chirio & Ineich 1991 Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 [as R. oxyrhynchus] Loveridge 1957 Pitman 1974   Rhamphiophis rubropunctatus Red-spotted Beaked Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Chirio & Ineich 1991 Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Loveridge 1957 Pitman 1974  Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes) Genus Epacrophis (Thorn-tailed Thread Snakes)   * Epacrophis reticulatus Reticulate Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Genus Myriopholis (Many-scaled Thread Snakes)   Myriopholis braccianii Eritrean Mountain Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Hahn & Wallach 1998 [as cairi]   Myriopholis cairi Egyptian Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   Myriopholis longicauda Southern African Long-tailed Thread Snake Hahn 1980 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999   Myriopholis macrorhyncha Large-snouted Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   Myriopholis nursii Aden Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   Myriopholis tanae Tana Thread Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007  Family Micrelapidae (Short-jawed Rear-fanged Snakes) Genus Brachyophis (Somali Short Snakes)   * Brachyophis cornii Central Somali Short Snake Lanza 1990   * Brachyophis krameri Northern Somali Short Snake Lanza 1990   * Brachyophis revoili Southern Somali Short Snake Lanza 1990 Genus Micrelaps (Afro-Asian Black-headed Snakes)   Micrelaps vaillanti Somali Black-headed Snake Lanza 1990 [as M. boettgeri] Largen & Rasmussen 1993 [as M. boettgeri] Rasmussen 2002  Family Pythonidae (Pythons) Genus Python (Typical Pythons)   Python sebae Northern Rock Python Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1984 Lanza & Nistri 2005 Lanza 1990 Spawls & Branch 1995  Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes) Genus Afrotyphlops (African Giant Blind Snakes)   Afrotyphlops brevis Somali Giant Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2009 Hahn 1980 Lanza 1990 Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002   Afrotyphlops calabresii Hargeisa Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2009 Spawls, Howell, Hinkel & Menegon 2018   * Afrotyphlops cuneirostris Wedge-snouted Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2009 Hahn 1980 Lanza 1990 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999   Afrotyphlops lineolatus Lineolate Blind Snake Lanza 1990 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Genus Letheobia (African Gracile Blind Snakes)   * Letheobia jubana Juba Gracile Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 Genus Rhinotyphlops (African Beaked Blind Snakes)   Rhinotyphlops ataeniatus Somali Gracile Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999   * Rhinotyphlops leucocephalus Somali White-headed Blind Snake Hahn 1980 Lanza 1990 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999   * Rhinotyphlops scorteccii Afgoi Gracile Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999   Rhinotyphlops unitaeniatus Yellow-striped Gracile Blind Snake Broadley & Wallach 2007  Family Viperidae (Vipers) Genus Bitis (African Adders)   Bitis arietans Common Puff Adder David & Ineich 1999 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls & Branch 1995 Genus Causus (Night Adders)   Causus resimus Green Night Adder David & Ineich 1999 Lanza 1990 Loveridge 1957 Spawls & Branch 1995 Genus Echis (Carpet Vipers)   * Echis hughesi Somali Carpet Viper David & Ineich 1999 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999   Echis pyramidum North East African Carpet Viper David & Ineich 1999 Hughes 1976 Lanza 1990 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls & Branch 1995

	Turtles (Testudines)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles) Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)   Caretta caretta Loggerhead Sea Turtle Frazier in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 King & Burke 1989 Lanza 1990 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)   Chelonia mydas Green Sea Turtle Frazier in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 King & Burke 1989 Lanza 1990 Pritchard 1979 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)   Eretmochelys imbricata Hawksbill Sea Turtle Frazier in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 King & Burke 1989 Lanza 1990 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Genus Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles)   Lepidochelys olivacea Olive Ridley Sea Turtle Frazier in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Lanza 1990 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021  Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle) Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)   Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback Sea Turtle Frazier in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Lanza 1990 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021  Family Pelomedusidae (African Side-necked Turtles) Genus Pelomedusa (African Helmeted Turtles)   Pelomedusa somalica Somali Helmeted Turtle Petzold, Vargas-Ramirez, Kehlmaier, Vamberger, Branch, Preez, Hofmeyr, Meyer, Schleicher, Siroky & Fritz 2014 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021   Pelomedusa subrufa Common Helmeted Turtle Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Genus Pelusios (African Mud Turtles)   Pelusios castanoides Yellow-bellied Mud Turtle McCord, Joseph-Ouni & Bour 2004   Pelusios sinuatus East African Serrated Mud Turtle Broadley & Boycott 2009 Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 Lanza 1990 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Wermuth & Mertens 1977  Family Testudinidae (Tortoises) Genus Kinixys (Hinge-back Tortoises)   Kinixys belliana Central African Hinge-back Tortoise Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021   Kinixys nogueyi Western Savanna Hinge-back Tortoise Fritz & Havas 2006 [as belliana] Iverson 1992 [as belliana] King & Burke 1989 [as belliana] Lanza 1990 [as belliana] McCord, Joseph-Ouni & Tabaka 2005 [as belliana] Genus Stigmochelys (Leopard Tortoise)   Stigmochelys pardalis Leopard Tortoise Lanza 1990 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021  Family Trionychidae (Softshell Turtles) Genus Trionyx (African Softshell Turtle)   Trionyx triunguis African Softshell Turtle Fritz & Havas 2006 Iverson 1992 King & Burke 1989 Lanza 1990 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021