Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk).
Latest update: December 31st, 2022.
 
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Genus
Oxyrhopus
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Calico Snakes, Calico False Coral Snakes
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Mondnattern
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Calicosnoge
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1830 |  |
Oxyrhopus Wagler (type species: Coluber petolarius Linnaeus 1758) |
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1843 | |
Sphenocephalus Wiegmann in Fitzinger (type species: Coluber formosus Wied 1820) |
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1913 | |
Erythroxyrhopus Thompson (type species: Oxyrhopus trigeminus Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril 1854) |
Contents:
15 species, of which 4 (26.7%) are endemic.
Endemism: 0%  100%
Distribution:
S. Mexico, Central America, South America.
Reported from:
Argentina,
Belize,
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Acre,
Alagoas,
Amapa,
Amazonas,
Bahia,
Ceara,
Distrito Federal,
Espirito Santo,
Goias,
Maranhao,
Mato Grosso,
Mato Grosso do Sul,
Minas Gerais,
Para
[incl.
Marajo Island],
Paraiba,
Parana,
Pernambuco,
Piaui,
Rio de Janeiro,
Rio Grande do Norte,
Rio Grande do Sul,
Rondonia,
Roraima,
Santa Catarina,
Sao Paulo
[incl.
Sao Sebastiao],
Sergipe,
Tocantins),
Colombia,
Costa Rica,
Ecuador,
French Guiana,
Guatemala,
Guyana,
Honduras,
Mexico
(Chiapas,
Oaxaca,
Puebla,
Tabasco,
Veracruz),
Nicaragua,
Panama,
Paraguay,
Peru,
Surinam,
Trinidad & Tobago
(Tobago,
Trinidad),
Uruguay,
Venezuela.
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Oxyrhopus clathratus
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Southern Brazilian Calico Snake
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Südbrasilianische Mondnatter
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Sydbrasiliansk Calicosnog
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1854 | |
Oxyrhopus clathratus Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril |
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Pseudoboa formosa clathrata Amaral 1930 |
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Clelia clathrata Müller 1923 |
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Cloelia clathrata Prado 1945 |
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Pseudoboa clathrata Anthony 1955 |
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1903 | |
Oxyrhopus doliatus viperina Werner (Bernardo, Machado, Murphy & Zaher 2012) |
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1923 | |
Clelia clathrata pulcherrima Müller (Bernardo, Machado, Murphy & Zaher 2012) |
Distribution:
Argentina,
Brazil
(Bahia,
Espirito Santo,
Minas Gerais,
Parana,
Rio de Janeiro,
Rio Grande do Sul,
Santa Catarina,
Sao Paulo
[incl.
Sao Sebastiao]).
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Oxyrhopus doliatus
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Venezuelan Calico Snake
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Venezuelanische Mondnatter
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Venezuelansk Calicosnog
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1854 | |
Oxyrhopus doliatus Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril |
|
1947 | |
Oxyrhopus venezuelanus Shreve (Zaher & Caramaschi 2000) |
Remarks:
Previously included erdisii.
Records from Peru refer to erdisii.
Distribution:
Venezuela.
|
|
|
Oxyrhopus emberti
|
Bolivian Calico Snake
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|
Bolivianische Mondnatter
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Boliviansk Calicosnog
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|
2020 | |
Oxyrhopus emberti Gonzales, Reichle & Entiauspe-Neto |
Distribution:
Bolivia.
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Oxyrhopus erdisii
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Cuzco Calico Snake
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Cuzco-Mondnatter
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Cuzco-calicosnog
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1913 | |
Drepanodon erdisii Barbour |
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| |
Oxyrhopus erdisii Zaher & Caramaschi 2000 |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of doliatus (e.g., Bailey in Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970).
Distribution:
Peru.
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Oxyrhopus fitzingeri
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Peruvian Calico Snake
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Peruvianische Mondnatter
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Peruviansk Calicosnog
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1845 | |
Siphlophis Fitzingeri Tschudi |
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Oxyrhopus fitzingeri Jan 1863 |
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1943 | |
Oxyrhopus fitzingeri frizzelli Schmidt & Walker |
Distribution:
Ecuador,
Peru.
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Oxyrhopus formosus
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Yellow-headed Calico Snake
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Gelbkopf-Mondnatter
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Gulhovedet Calicosnog
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1820 | |
Coluber formosus Wied |
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Oxyrhopus formosus Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 |
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1854 | |
Oxyrhopus leucocephalus Duméril, Bibron & Duméril (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
|
1863 | |
Oxyrhopus labialis Jan (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
|
1871 | |
Oxyrhopus submarginatus Peters (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
|
1916 | |
Clelia peruviana Griffin (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
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1927 | |
Oxyrhopus iridescens Werner (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
Remarks:
Previously confused with occipitalis.
Records from eastern Ecuador (Duellman 1978) and Colombia (e.g., Pérez-Santos & Moreno 1988) refer to occipitalis, or, in the case of
Ayerbe-González, Arrieta-Guevara, Chantré-Ortiz, Coral-Plaza, Guerrero-Vargas (2007), to a species of the genus
Atractus (Lynch 2009).
Records from Venezuela and the Guiana Region also refer to occipitalis (MacCulloch, Lathrop, Kok, Ernst & Kalamandeen 2009; Rivas, Molina, Ugueto, Barros, Barrio-Amorós & Kok 2012).
Distribution:
Brazil
(Acre,
Amazonas,
Bahia,
Espirito Santo,
Maranhao,
Mato Grosso,
Para,
Rondonia),
Colombia,
Peru.
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Oxyrhopus guibei
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Parana Calico Snake
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Parana-Mondnatter
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Parana-calicosnog
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1977 | |
Oxyrhopus trigeminus guibei Hoge & Romano |
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| |
Oxyrhopus guibei Zaher & Caramaschi 1992 |
Distribution:
Argentina,
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Alagoas,
Bahia,
Ceara,
Distrito Federal,
Espirito Santo,
Goias,
Maranhao,
Mato Grosso,
Mato Grosso do Sul,
Minas Gerais,
Paraiba,
Parana,
Pernambuco,
Rio de Janeiro,
Sao Paulo,
Tocantins),
Paraguay.
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Oxyrhopus leucomelas
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Tolima Calico Snake
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Tolima-Mondnatter
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Tolima-calicosnog
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1916 | |
Tropidodipsas leucomelas Werner |
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Tripanurgos leucomelas Downs 1961 |
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Oxyrhopus leucomelas Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 |
Distribution:
Colombia,
Ecuador,
Peru,
Venezuela.
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Oxyrhopus marcapatae
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Marcapata Valley Calico Snake
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Marcapata-Mondnatter
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Marcapata-calicosnog
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1902 | |
Homalocranium marcapatae Boulenger |
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Oxyrhopus marcapatae Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 |
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1914 | |
Drepanodon eatoni Ruthven (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
Distribution:
Peru.
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Oxyrhopus melanogenys
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Black-headed Calico Snake
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Schwarzkopf-Mondnatter
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Sorthovedet Calicosnog
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1845 | |
Sphenocephalus melanogenys Tschudi |
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Oxyrhopus melanogenys Boulenger 1896 |
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1872 | |
Tachymenis bitorquata Günther (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
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1983 | |
Oxyrhopus melanogenys orientalis Cunha & Nascimento |
Remarks:
Records from Colombia (e.g., Pérez-Santos & Moreno 1988) refer to vanidicus (Lynch 2009).
Not listed for Venezuela by Mumaw, González & Fernández (2015).
Distribution:
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Acre,
Amapa,
Amazonas,
Ceara,
Maranhao,
Mato Grosso,
Para
[incl.
Marajo Island],
Rondonia,
Tocantins),
Ecuador,
French Guiana,
Guyana,
Peru,
Surinam,
Venezuela.
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Oxyrhopus occipitalis
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Northern Calico Snake
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Nördliche Mondnatter
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Nordlig Calicosnog
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1824 | |
Natrix occipitalis Wagler |
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Oxyrhopus occipitalis Hoge, Santos, Heitor, Lopes & Souza 1973 |
Remarks:
Previously regarded as a synonym of formosus (e.g., Bailey in Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970).
Revalidated by Hoge, Santos, Heitor, Lopes & Souza (1973) and Lynch (2009).
Records of
Mussurana bicolor from northeastern Peru (Dixon & Soini 1977, 1986) are regarded
as Oxyrhopus occipitalis, following Lynch (2009).
Not listed for Brazil by Nogueira & al. (2019).
Distribution:
Brazil
(Acre,
Amapa,
Amazonas,
Para,
Rondonia),
Colombia,
Ecuador,
French Guiana,
Guyana,
Peru,
Surinam,
Venezuela.
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Oxyrhopus petolarius
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Banded Calico Snake, Calico False Coral Snake, White-bellied False Coral Snake, Narrow-banded False Coral Snake, Red-banded Snake, Forest Flame Snake
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Gebänderte Mondnatter
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Båndet Calicosnog
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1758 | |
Coluber petolarius Linnaeus |
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Lycodon petolarius Filippi 1840 |
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Oxyrhopus petolarius Smith, Williams & Pérez-Higareda 1986 |
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1758 | |
Coluber petola Linnaeus (Savage 2011) |
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Oxyrhopus petola Lönnberg 1896 |
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Clelia petola Stuart 1937 |
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Pseudoboa petola Mertens 1970 |
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1766 | |
Coluber pethola Linnaeus (Savage 2011) |
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1766 | |
Coluber petalarius Linnaeus (Savage 2011) |
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1834 | |
Coluber digitalis Reuss |
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Oxyrhopus petola digitalis Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 |
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Oxyrhopus petolarius digitalis Smith, Williams & Pérez-Higareda 1986 |
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1854 | |
Lycodon semifasciatus Tschudi (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
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Oxyrhopus petola semifasciatus Campbell & Lamar 2004 |
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1854 | |
Oxyrhopus bi-prae-ocularis Duméril, Bibron & Duméril (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
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1854 | |
Oxyrhopus immaculatus Duméril, Bibron & Duméril (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
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1854 | |
Oxyrhopus multifasciatus Duméril, Bibron & Duméril (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
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1854 | |
Oxyrhopus Sebae Duméril, Bibron & Duméril |
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Oxyrhopus petola sebae Dunn 1944 |
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Oxyrhopus petolarius sebae Smith, Williams & Pérez-Higareda 1986 |
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1854 | |
Oxyrhopus spadiceus Duméril, Bibron & Duméril (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
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1887 | |
Oxyrhopus doliatus semicinctus Cope (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
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1899 | |
Oxyrhopus intermedius Werner (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
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1901 | |
Leptodira nycthemera Werner (Costa, Kucharzewski & Prudente 2015) |
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1909 | |
Oxyrhopus doliatus aequifasciata Werner (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
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Oxyrhopus petola aequifasciatus Stuart 1963 |
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Oxyrhopus petolarius aequifasciatus Smith, Williams & Pérez-Higareda & Smith 1986 |
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1924 | |
Tarbophis splendidus Ahl (Mertens 1970) |
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1928 | |
Clelia cornelii Müller (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
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1942 | |
Clelia baileyi Smith (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
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Oxyrhopus baileyi Smith & Taylor 1945 |
Other common names:
sebae: Seba's False Coral Snake
Remarks:
Smith, Williams & Pérez-Higareda (1986) spoke in favour of using petolarius, instead of the long used petola for this species, but see Bailey (1986) for a contrary view.
Savage (2011) clarified the status of these names, showing petolarius to be the valid name.
For reasons unknown, Duellman (2005) listed both petola and petolarius as valid, separate species.
Distribution:
Argentina,
Belize,
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Acre,
Alagoas,
Amapa,
Amazonas,
Bahia,
Distrito Federal,
Espirito Santo,
Goias,
Maranhao,
Mato Grosso,
Mato Grosso do Sul,
Minas Gerais,
Para,
Paraiba,
Parana,
Pernambuco,
Rio de Janeiro,
Rondonia,
Roraima,
Sao Paulo),
Colombia,
Costa Rica,
Ecuador,
French Guiana,
Guatemala,
Guyana,
Honduras,
Mexico
(Chiapas,
Oaxaca,
Puebla,
Tabasco,
Veracruz),
Nicaragua,
Panama,
Paraguay,
Peru,
Surinam,
Trinidad & Tobago
(Tobago,
Trinidad),
Venezuela.
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Oxyrhopus rhombifer
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Rhombic Calico Snake, Amazon Calico Snake
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Amazonas-Mondnatter
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Amazonas-calicosnog
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1854 | |
Oxyrhopus rhombifer Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril |
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Pseudoboa rhombifer Schouten 1937 |
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1854 | |
Oxyrhopus d'Orbignyi Duméril, Bibron & Duméril (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
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1854 | |
Oxyrhopus sub-punctatus Duméril, Bibron & Duméril (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
|
1876 | |
Coronella bachmanni Weyenbergh |
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Oxyrhopus rhombifer bachmanni Bailey 1970 |
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1909 | |
Oxyrhopus rhombifer inaequifasciata Werner |
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Pseudoboa rhombifer inaequifasciatus Bailey 1970 |
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1923 | |
Leptodira weiseri Müller (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
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1943 | |
Oxyrhopus rhombifer septentrionalis Vellard |
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1955 | |
Pseudoboa ornata Hoge & Mertens (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970) |
Distribution:
Argentina,
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Amazonas,
Bahia,
Ceara,
Distrito Federal,
Espirito Santo,
Goias,
Mato Grosso,
Mato Grosso do Sul,
Minas Gerais,
Para,
Parana,
Pernambuco,
Piaui,
Rio de Janeiro,
Rio Grande do Sul,
Rondonia,
Santa Catarina,
Sao Paulo,
Tocantins),
Paraguay,
Uruguay.
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Oxyrhopus trigeminus
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Northern Brazilian Calico Snake, Brazilian False Coral Snake
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Nordbrasilianische Mondnatter
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Nordbrasiliansk Calicosnog
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1854 | |
Oxyrhopus trigeminus Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril |
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Pseudoboa trigemina Amaral 1933 |
Remarks:
Now restricted to south of the Amazon (Zaher & Caramaschi 1992). Previously included guibei. Confused with melanogenys and vanidicus in the past (e.g.; Hoge, Santos, Lopes & Souza 1973; Dixon & Soini 1977; and presumably Henle & Ehrl 1991). Records from Peru refer to vanidicus (Lynch 2009). Records from the Guianas (e.g., Avila-Pires 2005; Donnelly, Chen & Watkins 2005; Reynolds, MacCulloch, Tamessar, Watson, Cole & Townsend 2008) and Venezuela (e.g., Lancini 1979; Kornacker 1999) refer to melanogenys (MacCulloch, Lathrop, Kok, Ernst & Kalamandeen 2009).
Distribution:
Bolivia,
Brazil
(Alagoas,
Amapa,
Amazonas,
Bahia,
Ceara,
Distrito Federal,
Espirito Santo,
Goias,
Maranhao,
Mato Grosso,
Mato Grosso do Sul,
Minas Gerais,
Para
[incl.
Marajo Island],
Paraiba,
Pernambuco,
Piaui,
Rio de Janeiro,
Rio Grande do Norte,
Sao Paulo,
Sergipe,
Tocantins).
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Oxyrhopus vanidicus
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Leticia Calico Snake
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Leticia-Mondnatter
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Leticia-calicosnog
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|
2009 | |
Oxyrhopus vanidicus Lynch |
Remarks:
Previously confused with melanogenys, petola semifasciatus, and trigeminus.
Distribution:
Brazil
(Amapa,
Amazonas,
Para,
Rondonia,
Roraima),
Colombia,
Ecuador,
Peru,
Venezuela.
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