Reptiles of Santa Catarina [Brazil] Related checklists:  Brazil Bibliography of the reptiles of Santa Catarina Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Santa Catarina Introduced species

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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial. Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:

	Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Amphisbaenidae (Typical Worm Lizards) Genus Amphisbaena (Neotropical Worm Lizards)   Amphisbaena alba Common Red Worm Lizard Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 1962   * Amphisbaena arenicola Florianopolis Worm Lizard Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Perez & Borges-Martins 2019   Amphisbaena darwinii Uruguayan Ringed Worm Lizard Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Perez, Ribeiro & Borges-Martins 2012 Ruiz-Garcia, Curi, Lamas & Cespedez 2016 Teixeira, Vechio, Neto & Rodrigues 2014   Amphisbaena dubia Piracicaba Worm Lizard Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970   Amphisbaena hogei Alcatrazes Island Worm Lizard Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970   Amphisbaena mertensii Sao Paulo Worm Lizard Barcelos-Ribeiro, Santos & Vaz-Silva 2007 Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 1966 Gans 1967 Gans 2005 Lima Silveira, Campos Brites & Valinhas e Valinhas 2012 Pena Correa & Meneses 2020   Amphisbaena prunicolor Plum-coloured Worm Lizard Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Perez & Borges-Martins 2019 Perez, Ribeiro & Borges-Martins 2012 Genus Anops (Keel-headed Worm Lizards)   Anops kingii Pampas Worm Lizard Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Genus Leposternon (South American Worm Lizards)   Leposternon microcephalum Small-headed Worm Lizard Barros-Filho, Freitas, Santos Silva, Castro Loguercio & Costa Valverde 2019 Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gans 1971 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Ribeiro, Nogueira, Cintra, Silva & Zaher 2011

	Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Alligatoridae (Alligators and Caimans) Genus Caiman (Typical Caimans)   Caiman latirostris Broad-snouted Caiman Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fusco-Costa, Castellani & Tomas 2008 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007

	Lizards (Sauria)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Anguidae (Slowworms, etc.) Genus Diploglossus (Neotropical Forest Lizards)   Diploglossus fasciatus Banded Forest Lizard Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Genus Ophiodes (South American Glass Lizards)   Ophiodes fragilis Yacupoi Glass Lizard Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007   Ophiodes striatus Dark-striped Glass Lizard Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Montechiaro, Kaefer, Quadros & Cechin 2011 [as "cf. striatus"]  Family Gymnophthalmidae (Scaly-tongued Spectacled Tejus) Genus Cercosaura (Eastern Shade Tejus)   Cercosaura schreibersii South Brazilian Shade Teju Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2017 Genus Colobodactylus (Southeast Brazilian Spectacled Tejus)   Colobodactylus taunayi Taunay Spectacled Teju Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Genus Ecpleopus (Atlantic Forest Spectacled Teju)   Ecpleopus gaudichaudii Atlantic Forest Spectacled Teju Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz, Ghizoni & Graipel 2011 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 [as Arthroseps werneri] Reis Dias & Rocha 2013 Genus Placosoma (Sharp-nosed Spectacled Tejus)   Placosoma champsonotus Jaragua Sharp-nosed Teju Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 [as cordylinum] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Werner 1909   Placosoma glabellum Santa Catarina Sharp-nosed Teju Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Uzzell 1962  Family Leiosauridae (Smooth Iguanas) Genus Anisolepis (South American Tree Iguanas)   Anisolepis grilli Palmeira Tree Iguana Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Etheridge & Williams 1991 Peters & Donoso-Barros 1970 Genus Enyalius (Fat-headed Anoles)   Enyalius iheringii Southern Fat-headed Anole Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Etheridge 1969 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Jackson 1978 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Rodrigues, Bertolotto, Amaro, Yonenaga-Yassuda, Freire & Pellegrino 2014 Rodrigues, Freitas, Silva & Bertolotto 2006 Genus Urostrophus (Steppe Iguanas)   Urostrophus vautieri Brazilian Steppe Iguana Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Entringer, Silva-Soares, Pirovani Silva & Srbek-Araujo 2022 Gasparini, Koski & Peloso 2010 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Santos, Silva Lucas, Sousa & Novelli 2009  Family Liolaemidae (South American Lesser Iguanas) Genus Liolaemus (Smooth-throated Lizards)   Liolaemus occipitalis Rio Grande Smooth-throated Lizard Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Muller 1975  Family Scincidae (Skinks) Genus Aspronema (South American White-striped Skinks)   Aspronema dorsivittatum South American White-striped Skink Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Vrcibradic, Rocha, Menezes & Ariani 2004  Family Teiidae (Greater Tejus) Genus Contomastix (Short-tailed Whiptails)   Contomastix lacertoides Uruguayan Whiptail Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Menezes & Rocha 2013 Vrcibradic, Rocha, Menezes & Ariani 2004   Contomastix vacariensis Vacaria Whiptail Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Genus Salvator (Southern Tejus)   Salvator merianae Southern Black-and-White Teju Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Harvey, Ugueto & Gutberlet 2012 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Ribeiro-Junior & Amaral 2016 Genus Teius (Typical Tejus)   Teius oculatus Green Teju Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz, Ghizoni & Giasson 2011  Family Tropiduridae (Rough-tailed Iguanas) Genus Tropidurus (Eastern Keel-tailed Iguanas)   Tropidurus catalanensis Uruguayan Keel-tailed Iguana Carvalho 2013 [as torquatus] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz & Borges-Martins 2013 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 [as torquatus] Rodrigues 1987 [as torquatus]   * Tropidurus imbituba Imbituba Keel-tailed Iguana Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz & Borges-Martins 2013

	Snakes (Serpentes)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Anomalepididae (Neotropical Blind Snakes) Genus Liotyphlops (Smooth Blind Snakes)   * Liotyphlops sousai Santa Catarina Blind Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Marra-Santos & Reis 2018   Liotyphlops ternetzii Paraguayan Blind Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 [as beui] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 [as beui] Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 [as beui]  Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids) Genus Adelphostigma (Twin-spotted Leaf-litter Snakes)   Adelphostigma occipitalis Bahia Leaf-litter Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Genus Amnisiophis (East Brazilian Leaf-litter Snake)   Amnisiophis amoena East Brazilian Leaf-litter Snake Azevedo, Amorim, Menezes & Abegg 2018 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Muscat & Toledo Moroti 2020 Genus Atractus (Spindle Snakes)   Atractus paraguayensis Paraguayan Spindle Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 [as A. taeniatus] Passos, Chiesse, Torres-Carvajal & Savage 2009 [as "cf. paraguayensis"] Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite 2010   Atractus reticulatus Reticulated Spindle Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fernandes 1995 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Koehler & Kieckbusch 2014 Kunz, Ghizoni & Giasson 2011 Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite 2010 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Atractus trihedrurus South Brazilian Spindle Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite 2010   Atractus zebrinus Zebra Spindle Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite 2010 Genus Boiruna (Southern Snake Eaters)   Boiruna maculata South American Spotted Snake Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Zaher 1996 Genus Cercophis (Atlantic Forest Liana Snake)   Cercophis auratus Atlantic Forest Liana Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 [as Uromacerina ricardinii] Bezerra, Ferreira-Guilhon, Lima-Ramos & Borges-Nojosa 2020 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Hoogmoed, Fernandes, Kucharzewski, Moura-Leite, Bernils, Entiauspe-Neto & Santos 2019 Muller & Ritter 1978 [as Uromacerina ricardinii] Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Genus Chironius (Sipos)   Chironius bicarinatus Eastern Sipo Entiauspe-Neto, Lyra, Koch, Quintela, Abegg & Loebmann 2020 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Chironius exoletus Green Sipo Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as pyrrhopogon] Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Sudre, Curcio, Nunes, Pellegrino & Rodrigues 2017   Chironius foveatus Bahia Sipo Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Chironius fuscus Brown Sipo Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Souza-Filho, Moura-Leite, Matias & Morato 2012   Chironius gouveai Uruguayan Sipo Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Entiauspe-Neto, Lyra, Koch, Quintela, Abegg & Loebmann 2020   Chironius laevicollis Smooth-necked Sipo Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Genus Clelia (Northern Snake Eaters)   Clelia hussami Parana Snake Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Morato, Franco & Sanches 2003   Clelia plumbea Plumbeous Snake Eater Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Muller 1974 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Zaher 1996 Genus Caaeteboia (East Brazilian Ground Snakes)   Caaeteboia amarali Minas Gerais Ground Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Montingelli, Barbo, Pereira Filho, Santana, Franca, Grazziotin & Zaher 2020 Passos, Ramos & Pereira 2012 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Dibernardia (East South American Leaf-litter Snakes)   Dibernardia affinis Atlantic Forest Leaf-litter Snake Argolo 1998 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Di-Bernardo & Lema 1988 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Myers 1974   Dibernardia bilineata Two-striped Leaf-litter Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Di-Bernardo & Lema 1991 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Hiert 2006 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Myers 1974 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Dibernardia persimilis Rio de Janeiro Leaf-litter Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Di-Bernardo & Lema 1986 Myers 1974 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Genus Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters)   Dipsas albifrons White-fronted Snail Eater Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Passos, Fernandes & Porto 2005 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965 Ribeiro Dias, Souza Costa, Sole & Argolo 2018 Silveira, Ribeiro, Dornas & Fernandes 2018 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Dipsas alternans Santos Snail Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fernandes, Marques & Argolo 2010 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Peters 1960 [as D. incerta]   Dipsas neuwiedi Brazilian Banded Snail Eater Andrade, Oliveira Lima, Oliveira Silva, Fonseca Fernandes & Reis Dias 2019 Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Peters 1960 Scrocchi, Porto & Rey 1993 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Dipsas petersi Sao Paulo Snail Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Harvey 2008   Dipsas turgida Bolivian Snail Eater Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022   Dipsas variegata Many-banded Snail Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Porto & Fernandes 1996 [as D. neivai]   Dipsas ventrimaculata Spot-bellied Snail Eater Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Genus Dryophylax (Northern Mock Vipers)   Dryophylax hypoconia Southern Mock Viper Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 [as strigilis] Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franco & Ferreira 2002 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021   Dryophylax nattereri Coastal Mock Viper Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021 Genus Echinanthera (Neotropical Leaf-litter Snakes)   Echinanthera cephalostriata Head-striped Leaf-litter Snake Argolo & Jesus 2008 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021   Echinanthera cyanopleura Blue-flanked Leaf-litter Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Zanella & Cechin 2010   Echinanthera undulata South Brazilian Leaf-litter Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gomes & Marques 2012 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Genus Elapomorphus (Brazilian Lizard Eaters)   Elapomorphus quinquelineatus Five-lined Lizard Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Lema 1992 Genus Erythrolamprus (Neotropical Smooth Snakes)   Erythrolamprus almadensis Almada Smooth Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon 1991 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Erythrolamprus jaegeri Southern Green Smooth Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon 1987 Kunz, Ghizoni & Giasson 2011 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Erythrolamprus miliaris Military Smooth Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dixon 1983 Dixon 1989 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus Yellow-bellied Smooth Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni & Giasson 2011 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Genus Gomesophis (Brazilian Burrowing Snake)   Gomesophis brasiliensis Brazilian Burrowing Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Castellari-Gonzalez, Prudente & Franco 2014 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fortes, Lucas & Caldart 2010 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Menezes, Fiorillo, Franco & Feio 2017 Prudente & Brandao 1998 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Genus Helicops (South American Keelbacks)   Helicops carinicaudus Keel-tailed Keelback Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Helicops infrataeniatus Surinam Keelback Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Landgref-Filho & Aoki 2011 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Rodrigues & Curcio 2021 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Strussmann, Teixeira, Andrade, Sudre, Recoder, Rodrigues & Curcio 2019 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Helicops modestus Brazilian Olive Keelback Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Rodrigues & Curcio 2021 Moraes-da-Silva, Amaro, Sales Nunes, Strussmann, Teixeira, Andrade, Sudre, Recoder, Rodrigues & Curcio 2019 Genus Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes)   Imantodes cenchoa Common Blunt-headed Tree Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Bernils, Morato & Moura-Leite 2000 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Genus Lygophis (South American Striped Ground Snakes)   Lygophis flavifrenatus Yellow-lined Ground Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni & Giasson 2011 Genus Mesotes (Southern Mock Vipers)   Mesotes strigatus Striped Mock Viper Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franco & Ferreira 2002 Franco & Ferreira 2003 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni & Giasson 2011 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021 Genus Mussurana (Brazilian Snake Eaters)   Mussurana quimi South Brazilian Snake Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Quintela & Loebmann 2017 Franco, Marques & Puorto 1997 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Silveira & Cotta 2006 Genus Oxyrhopus (Calico Snakes)   Oxyrhopus clathratus Southern Brazilian Calico Snake Bernardo, Machado, Murphy & Zaher 2012 Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Oxyrhopus rhombifer Rhombic Calico Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Hamdan & Lira da Silva 2008 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni & Giasson 2011 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Genus Palusophis (Eastern Lizard Eater)   Palusophis bifossatus Eastern Lizard Eater Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Leite, Nunes, Kaefer & Cechin 2009 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Genus Paraphimophis (Rusty Snake Eater)   Paraphimophis rusticus Rusty Snake Eater Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franco, Marques & Puorto 1997 Lima Silveira 2014 Zaher 1996 Genus Phalotris (South American Collared Snakes)   Phalotris nasutus Snouted Collared Snake Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Phalotris reticulatus Southern Reticulated Collared Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Genus Philodryas (South American Bush Racers)   Philodryas aestiva Eastern Brazilian Green Bush Racer Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Thomas 1976   Philodryas olfersii Common Green Bush Racer Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Thomas 1976 Werner 1900 Genus Pseudablabes (Reticulated Bush Racers)   Pseudablabes agassizii Burrowing Night Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Souza Filho & Plombon 2014   Pseudablabes arnaldoi Brazilian Speckled Racer Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Thomas 1976   Pseudablabes patagoniensis Patagonian Bush Racer Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Gouveia, Novelli, Vieira & Sousa 2017 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Genus Pseudoboa (Neotropical Scarlet Snakes)   Pseudoboa haasi Parana Scarlet Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Lema & Ely 1979 Martins, Alencar & Gaiarsa 2010 Morato, Moura-Leite, Costa Prudente & Bernils 1995 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Zaher, Oliveira & Franco 2008 Genus Ptychophis (Brazilian Yellow-striped Water Snake)   Ptychophis flavovirgatus Brazilian Yellow-striped Water Snake Castellari-Gonzalez, Prudente & Franco 2014 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Porto & Caramaschi 1989 Genus Siphlophis (Liana Snakes)   Siphlophis longicaudatus Long-tailed Liana Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Thomassen, Costa, Silveira, Garcia & Bernils 2015 Zaher & Prudente 1999   Siphlophis pulcher Guanabara Liana Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Prudente, Silva, Santos Meireles & Puorto 2017 Zaher & Prudente 1999 Genus Sordellina (Brazilian Yellow-lipped Snake)   Sordellina punctata Brazilian Yellow-lipped Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoge & Romano 1978 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Miranda & Fernandes 2012 Pereira, Stender-Oliveira, Rodrigues & Bernils 2007 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Spilotes (Chicken Snakes)   Spilotes pullatus Chicken Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Genus Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes)   Tantilla melanocephala South American Black-headed Centipede Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Genus Tomodon (Pampas Snakes)   Tomodon dorsatus Brazilian Pampas Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Genus Tropidodryas (Atlantic Forest Tree Snakes)   Tropidodryas serra Atlantic Forest Lowland Tree Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Oliveira 2008 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Thomas & Dixon 1977   Tropidodryas striaticeps Atlantic Forest Highland Tree Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Guedes & Marques 2011 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Oliveira 2008 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as Philodryas pseudoserra] Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021 Thomas & Dixon 1977 Genus Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads and South American Hognose Snakes)   Xenodon dorbignyi Spotted Hognose Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril 1854 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni & Giasson 2011   Xenodon guentheri Santa Catarina Mock Lancehead Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Boulenger 1894 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Xenodon merremii Toad-eating Mock Lancehead Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Xenodon neuwiedii East Brazilian Mock Lancehead Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021  Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.) Genus Micrurus (American Coral Snakes)   Micrurus altirostris Uruguayan Coral Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Roze 1996 [as M. frontalis multicinctus] Silva & Sites 1999 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Micrurus corallinus Painted Coral Snake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Micrurus decoratus Decorated Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 Castellari-Gonzalez, Silva-Soares, Castro & Bernils 2014 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981  Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes) Genus Epictia (Neotropical Thread Snakes)   Epictia munoai Rio Grande do Sul Thread Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Francisco, Pinto & Fernandes 2012 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009  Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes) Genus Amerotyphlops (American Blind Snakes)   Amerotyphlops brongersmianus Bahia Blind Snake Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021  Family Viperidae (Vipers) Genus Bothrops (American Lanceheads)   Bothrops alternatus Urutu Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007   Bothrops cotiara Southeast Brazilian Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007   Bothrops diporus Chaco Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Silva & Rodrigues 2008   Bothrops jararaca Jararaca Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Franca, Franca, Roedder & Sole 2022 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Bothrops jararacussu Jararacussu Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Bothrops neuwiedi Eastern Brazilian Lancehead Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Campbell & Lamar 2004 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Silva & Rodrigues 2008 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021   Bothrops pubescens Pampas Lancehead Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Genus Crotalus (Typical Rattlesnakes)   Crotalus durissus South American Rattlesnake Bernils, Batista & Bertelli 2001 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981 Kunz & Ghizoni 2009 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Spengler Waltrick & Menta Giasson 2021

	Turtles (Testudines)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Chelidae (Austro-American Side-necked Turtles) Genus Acanthochelys (South American Side-necked Swamp Turtles)   Acanthochelys spixii Black Spiny-necked Swamp Turtle Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Ghizoni, Kunz, Cherem & Bernils 2009 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Genus Hydromedusa (South American Snake-necked Turtles)   Hydromedusa tectifera Uruguayan Snake-necked Turtle Alcalde, Sanchez & Pritchard 2021 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Gutsche, Kwet, Kucharzewski & Hallermann 2007 Kunz, Ghizoni, Santos & Hartmann 2007 Luling 1984 Reis Martins, Carvalho-Garbin & Freire Bruno 2011 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Sousa & Novelli 2009 Genus Phrynops (Lesser Toad-headed Turtles)   Phrynops geoffroanus Brazilian Toad-headed Turtle Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021   Phrynops hilarii Spotted-bellied Toad-headed Turtle Bonin, Devaux & Dupre 2006 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Tortato 2007 Wermuth & Mertens 1977   Phrynops williamsi Rio Cadea Toad-headed Turtle Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Fritz & Havas 2006 Kunz, Ghizoni-Junior, Cherem, Bressan, Leonardi & Zanotelli 2018 Rhodin & Mittermeier 1983 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021  Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles) Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)   Caretta caretta Loggerhead Sea Turtle Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Santos, Soares-e-Soares, Marcovaldi, Silveira-Monteiro, Giffoni & Padua-Almeida 2011 Soto, Beheregaray & Rebello 1997 Stahelin, Fiedler, Lima, Sales & Wanderlinde 2012 Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)   Chelonia mydas Green Sea Turtle Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rodrigues, Soto, Serafini & Corbetta 2012 Stahelin, Fiedler, Lima, Sales & Wanderlinde 2012 Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)   Eretmochelys imbricata Hawksbill Sea Turtle Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Soto & Beheregaray 1997 Stahelin, Fiedler, Lima, Sales & Wanderlinde 2012 Genus Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles)   Lepidochelys olivacea Olive Ridley Sea Turtle Castilhos, Coelho, Argolo, Santos, Marcovaldi, Santos & Lopez 2011 Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Soto & Beheregaray 1997 Stahelin, Fiedler, Lima, Sales & Wanderlinde 2012  Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle) Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)   Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback Sea Turtle Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Padua Almeida, Eckert, Bruno, Scalfoni, Barros Giffoni, Lopez-Mendilaharsu & Thome 2011 Padua-Almeida, Thome, Baptistotte, Marcovaldi, Santos & Lopez 2011 Soto, Beheregaray & Rebello 1997 Stahelin, Fiedler, Lima, Sales & Wanderlinde 2012  Family Emydidae (Western Pond Turtles) Genus Trachemys (Slider Turtles)   Trachemys dorbigni South Brazilian Slider Costa, Guedes & Bernils 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Tortato, Bressan & Kunz 2014