Home - Taxonomy - Geography - Biodiversity - Literature - Purchase RepFocus Recent updates Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk). Latest update: July 16th, 2024. Taxonomy of the family Agamidae Bibliography of the genus Agama Biodiversity of the family Agamidae Genus Agama Typical Agamas Eigentliche Agamen Egentlige Agamer 1802 Agama Daudin (type species: Agama colonorum Daudin 1802) 1833 Cyclosaura Wagler (type species: Agama orbicularis Wagler [=Lacerta hispida Linnaeus 1758, fide Wermuth 1967]; syn. Wermuth 1967) 1833 Saura Wagler (type species: Saura spinalis Wagler 1833 + Saura colonorum Wagler [=Lacerta agama Linnaeus 1758, fide Wermuth 1967]; syn. Wermuth 1967) 1843 Phrynopsis Fitzinger [not Phrynopsis Rafinesque 1815 (Arachnida)] (type species: Agama atra Daudin 1802; syn. Wermuth 1967) 1843 Podorrhoa Fitzinger (type species: Lacerta agama Linnaeus 1758; syn. Wermuth 1967) 1843 Psammorrhoa Fitzinger (type species: Agama aculeata Merrem 1820; syn. Wermuth 1967) 1858 Oreodeira Girard (type species: Oreodeira gracilipes Girard 1857; syn. Moody 1988) Contents: 52 species, of which 15 (28.8%) are endemic. Endemism: 0% 100% Remarks: The genera Acanthocercus, Laudakia, Pseudotrapelus, Trapelus, and Xenagama were formerly regarded as synonyms of Agama (e.g., Wermuth 1967). Previously included Calotes minor. Members of the A. agama complex have been introduced to Italy (½mainland, Sicily), but the specific identity of these individuals is uncertain. Distribution: Africa. Reported from: Algeria, Angola (incl. Cabinda), Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo-Brazzaville, Congo-Kinshasa, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea (Bioko, Rio Muni), Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau (incl. Bijagos Archipelago), Ivory Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa (Eastern Cape, Free State, Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, North West Province, Northern Cape, Western Cape), South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Western Sahara, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Agama aculeata Kalahari Spiny Agama, Tropical Spiny Agama, Common Ground Agama Kalahari-Stachelagame Kalahari-tornagam 1820 Agama aculeata Merrem Agama hispida aculeata Boulenger & Power 1921 1833 Saura spinalis Wagler [part; substitute name for Agama atra Daudin 1802 and Agama aculeata Merrem 1820] (syn. Wermuth 1967) 1877 Agama infralineata Peters (syn. Wermuth 1967) 1896 Agama pulchella Bocage (syn. Wermuth 1967) 1902 Agama distanti Boulenger (syn. McLachlan 1981) Agama hispida distanti Boulenger & Power 1921 Agama aculeata distanti McLachlan 1981 Other common names: aculeata: Western Ground Agama distanti: Eastern Ground Agama Remarks: Includes two subspecies (aculeata, distanti), previously regarded as subspecies of hispida (e.g., Wermuth 1967). Also armata was previously regarded as a subspecies of hispida and, more recently, of aculeata (e.g., McLachlan 1981), but raised to specific status by Jacobsen (1992). Distribution: Angola, Botswana, Eswatini, Namibia, South Africa (Eastern Cape, Free State, Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, North West Province, Northern Cape, Western Cape). Agama aculeata © Henrik Bringsøe Agama africana West African Rainbow Agama, West African Rainbow Lizard, Forest Agama Westafrikanische Siedleragame Vestafrikansk Regnbueagam 1844 Tropidolepis africanus Hallowell Agama agama africana Loveridge 1941 Agama africana Mediannikov, Trape & Trape 2012 1884 Agama savattieri Rochebrune [part] (syn. Mediannikov, Trape & Trape 2012) Agama agama savattieri Loveridge 1936 1981 Agama sylvanus Macdonald (syn. Mediannikov, Trape & Trape 2012) Agama paragama sylvanus Böhme & Schneider 1987 Remarks: Previously regarded as a subspecies of agama (e.g., Wermuth 1967). Revalidated as a separate species by Mediannikov, Trape & Trape (2012). Distribution: Cameroon, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone. Agama agama Central African Rainbow Agama, Red-headed Rock Agama, Orange-headed Agama, (Common African Agama, Common Rock Agama, African Rainbow Lizard) Zentralafrikanische Siedleragame Centralafrikansk Regnbueagam 1758 Lacerta agama Linnaeus Trapelus agama Wagler 1830 Agama agama Loveridge 1936 1802 Agama colonorum Daudin [substitute name for Lacerta agama Linnaeus 1758] (syn. Smith & Chiszar 1989; Mediannikov, Trape & Trape 2012) 1831 Agama occipitalis Gray (syn. Wermuth 1967) 1857 Oreodeira gracilipes Girard (syn. Moody 1988) 1884 Agama savattieri Rochebrune [part] (syn. Mediannikov, Trape & Trape 2012) Agama agama savattieri Loveridge 1936 2012 Agama wagneri Trape, Mediannikov & Trape (syn. Leache, Wagner, Linkem, Böhme, Papenfuss, Chong, Lavin, Bauer, Nielsen, Greenbaum, Rödel, Schmitz, LeBreton, Ineich, Chirio, Ofori-Boateng, Eniang, Baha el Din, Lemmon & Burbrink 2014) Remarks: Now restricted to Cameroon, Gabon, Nigeria, and possibly adjacent areas in neighboring countries (e.g., Leaché, Grummer, Miller, Krishnan, Fujita, Böhme, Schmitz, LeBreton, Ineich, Chirio, Ofori-boateng, Eniang, Greenbaum, Rödel & Wagner 2016). Previously included africana, caudospinosa, congica, dodomae, doriae, kaimosae, lionotus (incl. usambarae), mwanzae, mucosoensis, picticauda, smithi, spinosa, and turuensis, as well as populations now assigned to finchi, lanzai, lebretoni, parafricana, paragama, somalica, and tassiliensis. Records of agama from East Africa refer to some of these other species (Wagner, Freund, Modry, Schmitz & Böhme 2011; Auliya, Wagner & Böhme 2012). Records from Ethiopia (e.g., Lanza 1972; Largen 1997; Largen & Spawls 2006, 2010) refer to A. finchi leucerythrolaema (Wagner, Freund, Modry, Schmitz & Böhme 2011). Records from Uganda (e.g., Loveridge 1957; Spawls, Howell, Drewes & Ashe 2002) refer to lionotus (Wagner, Freund, Modry, Schmitz & Böhme 2011). Central Saharan records of agama or bibronii (S. Algeria, N. Chad, N. Mali, S. Libya, N. Niger) refer to tassiliensis (Geniez, Padial & Crochet 2011). Somali records may refer to smithi (Wagner, Leaché, Mazuch & Böhme 2013). Pauwels, Essono, Carlino, Chirio, Huijbregts, Leuteritz, Rousseaux, Tobi, Vigna & Neer (2017) referred all records of agama from Gabon to picticauda, however, agama was subsequently recorded from the country (e.g., Pauwels, Bahaa-el-din, Albert, Carlino, Giannuzzi, Chirio, Gillet, Poirier & Stévart 2018). Members of the A. agama complex have been introduced to several countries outside the natural range of the genus, but the specific identity of these individuals is uncertain. Distribution: Cameroon, Gabon, Nigeria. Agama anchietae Western Rock Agama, (Anchieta's Agama, Anchieta's Desert Agama) Anchieta-Agame Sydvestafrikansk Klippeagam 1896 Agama anchietae Bocage 1910 Agama namaquensis Werner (syn. Wagner, Bauer, Wilms, Barts & Böhme 2012) 1921 Agama anchietae var. methueni Boulenger & Power 1902 Agama mehelyi Tornier (syn. Wagner, Barej & Schmitz 2009) Other common names: mehelyi: Mehely's Agama Remarks: The only known specimen of mehelyi came from Bipindihof, Cameroon. This locality is probably erroneous (Wagner, Barej & Schmitz 2009). A record from Western Cape and another one from the southern part of Northern Cape need confirmation (Bates, Branch, Bauer, Burger, Marais, Alexander & Villiers [eds.] 2014). Distribution: Angola, Congo-Kinshasa, Namibia, South Africa (Northern Cape). Agama anchietae © Henrik Bringsøe Agama armata Zambezi Spiny Agama, Northern Ground Agama, Armoured Agama, Eastern Tropical Spiny Agama, (Peters' Ground Agama) Zambezi-Bodenagame Zambezi-tornagam 1854 Agama armata Peters [not Agama armata Hardwicke & Gray 1827] Agama hispida armata Boulenger & Power 1921 Agama aculeata armata McLachlan 1981 Agama armata Jacobsen 1992 1967 Agama hispida mertensi Wermuth [substitute name for Agama armata Peters 1854] Distribution: Angola, Botswana, Congo-Kinshasa, Eswatini, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa (Limpopo), Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Agama atra Southern Rock Agama, Southern Mountain Agama, Black Agama Schwarzschwanz-Agame, Südliche Felsenagame Sydafrikansk Klippeagam 1802 Agama atra Daudin Phrynopsis atra Fitzinger 1843 1827 Agama subspinosa Gray (syn. Wermuth 1967) 1827 Trapelus subhispidus Kaup (syn. Wermuth 1967) 1833 Saura spinalis Wagler [part; substitute name for Agama atra Daudin 1802 and Agama aculeata Merrem 1820] (syn. Wermuth 1967) 1891 Agama micropholis Matschie (syn. Wermuth 1967) 1896 Agama holubi Bocage (syn. Wermuth 1967) 1896 Agama microterolepis Boulenger (syn. Wermuth 1967) 1921 Agama atra var. rudis Boulenger & Power Remarks: Previously included knobeli. Distribution: Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa (Eastern Cape, Free State, Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, North West Province, Northern Cape, Western Cape). Agama bibronii Atlas Agama, (Bibron's Agama) Atlasagame Atlasagam 1851 Agama bibronii Dumeril & Bibron in Dumeril & Dumeril [not Trapelus bibronii Fitzinger 1843 (suppressed)] 1874 Agama colonorum var. impalearis Boettger (syn. Denzer 2021) Agama impalearis Mertens 1955 1874 Agama colonorum fritschi Boettger (syn. Wermuth 1967; Denzer 2021) Remarks: Previously referred to as impalearis (e.g., Wermuth 1967; Joger 1998). Denzer (2021) revalidated the use of the name bibronii. Now restricted to NW. Algeria, Morocco, N. Western Sahara, and Mauritania (Padial 2006; Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008). Central Saharan records of bibronii or agama (S. Algeria, N. Chad, N. Mali, S. Libya, N. Niger) refer to tassiliensis (Geniez, Padial & Crochet 2011). Records from Tunisia (e.g., Papenfuss 1969; Wermuth 1967) are regarded as erroneous. Distribution: Algeria, Mauritania, Morocco, Western Sahara. Agama bibronii © Henrik Bringsøe Agama bocourti Casamance Agama, (Bocourt's Agama) Casamance-Agame Casamance-agam 1884 Agama bocourti Rochebrune Remarks: Status uncertain (Wagner, Ineich, Leache, Wilms, Trape, Böhme & Schmitz 2009). The type locality (Gambie, Casamance, Mélacoreé) is ambiguous, suggesting both Gambia and Senegal (Casamance is a part of southern Senegal). It has not been possible to locate any Mélacoreé in Gambia or Senegal. Wermuth (1967) only included Senegal in the distribution, whereas the Reptile Database (accessed 10 April 2011) included both Gambia and Senegal. However, the species was not listed for Senegal by Cisse & Karns (1978), nor was it listed for Gambia by Håkansson (1981). Trape, Trape & Chirio (2012) did not mention the species. Until further information is available, both Gambia and Senegal are tentatively included in the distribution, following the Reptile Database. Distribution: Gambia, Senegal. Agama boensis Boé Agama Boé-Agame Boé-agam 1940 Agama boensis Monard Remarks: Previously regarded as a synonym of sankaranica (e.g., Grandison 1968). Revalidated as a separate species by Mediannikov, Trape & Trape (2012). Distribution: Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Senegal. Agama bottegi Lugh Agama, (Somali Agama, Bottegoi's Agama) Lugh-Agame Lugh-agam 1897 Agama bottegi Boulenger Remarks: Status uncertain (Wagner, Ineich, Leache, Wilms, Trape, Böhme & Schmitz 2009). Distribution: Ethiopia, Somalia. Agama boueti Mali Agama, (Bouet's Agama) Malische Agame Malisk Agam 1917 Agama boueti Chabanaud 2005 Agama castroviejoi Padial (syn. Geniez, Padial & Crochet 2011; Goncalves, Brito, Crochet, Geniez, Padial & Harris 2012) Other common names: castroviejoi: Castroviejo's Agama Remarks: Not mentioned for Algeria by Beddek (2017), Rouag & Ziane (2023), or by Rouag, Ziane & Sousa (2024). Distribution: Algeria, Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal. Agama boulengeri West African Desert Agama, (Boulenger's Agama) Westafrikanische Wüstenagame Vestafrikansk Ørkenagam 1886 Agama boulengeri Lataste Distribution: Mali, Mauritania. Agama caudospinosa Elmenteita Rock Agama, (Spiny-tailed Agama) Elmenteita Felsenagame Elmenteita-klippeagam 1910 Agama caudospinosa Meek Agama agama caudospina [lapsus] Loveridge 1929 Agama planiceps caudospinosa Loveridge 1936 Agama caudospina [lapsus] Spawls & Rotich 1997 2010 Agama caudospinosa spawlsi Wagner Remarks: Previously included kaimosae (e.g., Wermuth 1967). Revalidated as a separate species by Wermuth (1967). Distribution: Kenya. Agama congica Cabinda Rainbow Agama, Congo Agama Cabinda-Siedleragame Cabinda-regnbueagam 1877 Agama colonorum var. congica Peters Agama congica Ceríaco, Bauer, Blackburn & Lavres 2014 Remarks: Previously regarded as a synonym of A. a. agama (e.g., Wermuth 1965). Tentatively regarded as a separate species herein, following Ceríaco, Bauer, Blackburn & Lavres (2014). Distribution: Angola (incl. Cabinda). Agama cristata African Crested Agama Afrikanische Kamm-Agame Afrikansk Kamagam 1905 Agama cristata Mocquard 2008 Agama maria Barabanov [substitute name for Agama cristata Mocquard 1905] (syn. Wagner, Ineich, Leaché, Wilms, Trape, Böhme & Schmitz 2009) Remarks: Regarded as a possible synonym of sankaranica by some authors (e.g., Barts & Wilms 1997; Barabanov 2008). Not mentioned by Joger & Lambert (1996). Barabanov (2008) pointed out the need for a substitute name for this species, until then known as Agama cristata, for which purpose he proposed A. maria. However, this name is considered invalid (Wagner, Ineich, Leaché, Wilms, Trape, Böhme & Schmitz 2009; Böhme, Rödel, Brede & Wagner 2011). A. insularis has previously been considered a synonym of cristata, but Trape (2011) confirmed the validity of cristata and insularis as separate species. Barabanov's (2009) suggestion that the type locality ("Pays Sankaran") is in Mali and not Guinea, was refuted by Böhme, Rödel, Brede & Wagner (2011). Distribution: Guinea, Mali. Agama dodomae Dodoma Rock Agama Dodoma-Felsenagame Dodoma-klippeagam 1923 Agama lionotus var. dodomae Loveridge Agama agama dodomae Loveridge 1957 Agama dodomae Leache, Wagner, Linkem, Böhme, Papenfuss, Chong, Lavin, Bauer, Nielsen, Greenbaum, Rödel, Schmitz, LeBreton, Ineich, Chirio, Ofori-Boateng, Eniang, Baha el Din, Lemmon & Burbrink 2014 1932 Agama agama ufipae Loveridge (syn. Wagner 2014) Agama lionotus ufipae Böhme, Wagner, Malonza, Lötters & Köhler 2005 Agama dodoma ufipae Wagner 2014 Other common names: ufipae: Ufipa Rock Agama Remarks: Previously regarded as a subspecies of lionotus (e.g., Loveridge 1923; Böhme, Wagner, Malonza, Lötters & Köhler 2005) or of agama (e.g., Loveridge 1957). Distribution: Tanzania. Agama doriae Nigerian Agama, (Doria's Agama) Nigerianische Agame Nigeriansk Agam 1887 Agama doriae Boulenger Agama agama doriae Flower 1933 1914 Agama sennariensis Werner (syn. Moody & Böhme 1984) 1929 Agama cordofanensis Werner (syn. Moody & Böhme 1984) 1951 Agama agama benueensis Monard (syn. Moody & Böhme 1984) Agama benueensis Grandison 1968 Other common names: benueensis: Bénoué Agama Remarks: Previously regarded as a synonym or subspecies of hartmanni (e.g., Anderson 1898; Wermuth 1967) or of agama (e.g., Flower 1933). Revalidated by Moody & Böhme (1984). The subspecies benueensis Monard 1951 has been regarded both as a synonym of agama (e.g., Wermuth 1967), and as a distinct species (e.g., Grandison 1968). Distribution: Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, South Sudan, Sudan. Agama etoshae Etosha Agama Etosha-Agame Etosha-agam 1981 Agama etoshae McLachlan Remarks: Previously regarded as a disjunct population of makarikarika. May occur in Angola (Griffin 2003). Distribution: Namibia. Agama finchi West Kenyan Rainbow Agama, Malaba Rock Agama, (Brian Finch's Agama) Westkenianische Siedleragame Vestkenyansk Regnbueagam 2005 Agama finchi Böhme, Wagner, Malonza, Lötters & Köhler 2011 Agama finchi leucerythrolaema Wagner, Freund, Modry, Schmitz & Böhme Distribution: Congo-Kinshasa, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Sudan, Sudan, Uganda. Agama gracilimembris Lesser Ground Agama, Little Ground Agama, Slender-limbed Agama Kleine Bodenagame Lille Jordagam 1918 Agama gracilimembris Chabanaud Distribution: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Nigeria, Togo. Agama hartmanni Dongola Agama, Sudanese Agama, (Hartmann's Agama) Dongola-Agame Dongola-agam 1869 Agama hartmanni Peters 1928 Agama cornii Scortecci (syn. Wagner & Bauer 2011) Remarks: Previously included doriae (e.g., Anderson 1898; Wermuth 1967). Largen (1997) included Egypt in the range of the species, but Baha el Din (2006) and Wagner & Bauer (2011) did not. Distribution: Eritrea, South Sudan, Sudan. Agama hispida Southern Spiny Agama, Cape Spiny Agama, Bristly Agama Südliche Stachelagame Sydlig Tornagam 1758 Lacerta hispida Linnaeus Trapelus hispida Wagler 1830 Agama hispida Gray 1845 1837 Agama spinosa Duméril & Bibron (syn. Wermuth 1967) 1885 Agama brachyura Boulenger (syn. McLachlan 1981) Agama hispida brachyura Fitzsimons 1943 Remarks: Previously included aculeata and makarikarika. Two isolated populations in the Free State may represent an undescribed species (Bates, Branch, Bauer, Burger, Marais, Alexander & Villiers [eds.] 2014). Distribution: Malawi, Namibia, South Africa (Free State, Northern Cape, Western Cape). Agama hulbertorum Ngong Hills Rock Agama Ngong-Felsenagame Ngong-klippeagam 2014 Agama hulbertorum Wagner Distribution: Kenya. Agama insularis Los Islands Agama, Island Agama Los-Inselagame Los-agam 1918 Agama insularis Chabanaud Remarks: This species was synonymized with cristata by Wagner, Ineich, Leaché, Wilms, Trapé, Böhme & Schmitz (2009), however, some of the same authors (Böhme, Rödel, Brede & Wagner 2011) later retained both species as valid without comments. Trape (2011) confirmed the validity of cristata and insularis as separate species. Distribution: Guinea. Agama kaimosae Kaimosi Agama Kaimosi-Agame Kaimosi-regnbueagam 1935 Agama agama kaimosae Loveridge Agama kaimosae Wagner, Burmann & Böhme 2008 Remarks: Previously regarded as a synonym of caudospinosa (e.g., Wermuth 1967). Revalidated by Wagner, Burmann & Böhme (2008). Distribution: Kenya, Tanzania. Agama kirkii Zambesi Rock Agama, (Kirk's Rock Agama) Kirks Felsenagame Zambezi-klippeagam 1885 Agama kirkii Boulenger 1950 Agama kirkii fitzsimonsi Loveridge Distribution: Botswana, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Agama knobeli Namibian Black Agama, (Knobel's Agama) Namibische Schwarze Agame Namibisk Sort Agam 1921 Agama anchietae knobeli Boulenger & Power Agama atra knobeli Mertens 1955 Agama knobeli Matthee & Flemming 2002 Agama knobeli Wagner, Ineich, Leaché, Wilms, Trapé, Böhme & Schmitz 2009 Distribution: Namibia, South Africa (Northern Cape, Western Cape). Agama lanzai Bari Agama, (Lanza's Rock Agama) Bari-Agame Bari-agam 2013 Agama lanzai Wagner, Leaché, Mazuch & Böhme Distribution: Somalia. Agama lebretoni Cameroon Rainbow Agama, (LeBreton's Agama) Kamerunische Siedleragame Camerounsk Regnbueagam 2009 Agama lebretoni Wagner, Barej & Schmitz Remarks: This species was previously regarded as populations of agama (Wagner, Barej & Schmitz 2009). Distribution: Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea (Bioko, Rio Muni), Gabon, Nigeria. Agama lionotus Kenyan Rock Agama, Kenya Red-headed Rock Agama Kenianische Felsenagame Kenyansk Regnbueagam 1896 Agama lionotus Boulenger Agama agama lionotus Loveridge 1936 1922 Agama elgonis Lönnberg Agama agama elgonis Loveridge 1957 Agama lionotus elgonis Böhme, Wagner, Malonza, Lötters & Köhler 2005 1928 Agama colonorum usambarae Barbour & Loveridge (syn. Wagner 2007) Agama agama usambarae Loveridge 1936 Agama lionotus usambarae Böhme, Wagner, Malonza, Lötters & Köhler 2005 Other common names: elgonis: Elgon Rock Agama usambarae: Usambara Rock Agama Remarks: Revalidated as a separate species by Böhme, Wagner, Malonza, Lötters & Köhler (2005). Previously included dodomae (incl. ufipae) and turuensis. Distribution: Ethiopia, Kenya, South Sudan, Tanzania. Agama lucyae Wollega Agama, (Lucy's Dwarf Agama) Wollega-Agame Wollega-agam 2011 Agama lucyae Wagner & Bauer Distribution: Ethiopia. Agama makarikarica Makgadikgadi Spiny Agama Makgadikgadi-Stachelagame Makgadikgadi-tornagam 1932 Agama hispida makarikarica Fitzsimons Agama makarikarica Broadley 1966 Remarks: Older records from Namibia refer to etoshae, previously regarded as a disjunct population of makarikarica. Distribution: Botswana. Agama montana Montane Rock Agama Gebirgs-Felsenagame Bjerg-klippeagam 1928 Agama mossambica montana Barbour & Loveridge Agama montana Moody 1981 Distribution: Tanzania. Agama mossambica Mozambique Agama Mosambik-Agame Mozambiquisk Agam 1854 Agama mossambica Peters 1874 Agama cariniventris Peters (syn. Wermuth 1967) 1946 Agama pawlowskii Chernov & Dubinin (syn. Ananjeva & Peters 1981) Distribution: Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zimbabwe. Agama mucosoensis Mucoso Agama Mucoso-Agame Mucoso-regnbueagam 1957 Agama agama mucosoensis Hellmich Agama mucosoensis Böhme 2010 Remarks: Validity as a separate species confirmed by Wagner, Bauer, Wilms, Barts & Böhme (2012). Distribution: Angola. Agama mwanzae Mwanza Rock Agama, Mwanza Flat-headed Agama Mwanza-Felsenagame Mwanza-regnbueagam 1923 Agama lionotus var. mwanzae Loveridge Agama agama mwanzae Loveridge 1933 Agama planiceps mwanzae Loveridge 1957 Agama mwanzae Moody 1981 Distribution: Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania. Agama parafricana Lesser African Forest Agama, Small Forest Agama Kleine Waldagame Lille Regnbueagam 2012 Agama parafricana Trape, Mediannikov & Trape Distribution: Benin, Cameroon, Ghana, Nigeria, Togo. Agama paragama West African Tree Agama, False Agama Westafrikanische Baumagame Vestafrikansk Træagam 1968 Agama paragama Grandison Remarks: Previously included sylvanus (e.g., Böhme & Schneider 1987), now considered a synonym of africana. Records from Gabon refer to lebretoni (Pauwels, Carlino, Chirio & Albert 2016). Distribution: Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria. Agama persimilis Somali Painted Agama Gemalte Somaliagame Somalisk Malet Agam 1942 Agama persimilis Parker Distribution: Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania, Agama picticauda Ada Foah Agama, (West African Agama, Rainbow Agama) Ada Foah-Agame Ada Foah-regnbueagam 1877 Agama picticauda Peters Remarks: Previously regarded as a tentative synonym of agama (e.g., Wermuth 1967). Now considered a valid species (e.g., Auliya, Wagner & Böhme 2012; Leache, Wagner, Linkem, Böhme, Papenfuss, Chong, Lavin, Bauer, Nielsen, Greenbaum, Rödel, Schmitz, LeBreton, Ineich, Chirio, Ofori-Boateng, Eniang, Baha el Din, Lemmon & Burbrink 2014; Leaché, Grummer, Miller, Krishnan, Fujita, Böhme, Schmitz, LeBreton, Ineich, Chirio, Ofori-boateng, Eniang, Greenbaum, Rödel & Wagner 2016). Not mentioned by Trape, Trape & Chirio (2012). Introduced to: USA (Florida). Distribution: Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo-Brazzaville, Congo-Kinshasa, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, South Sudan, Sudan, Togo. Agama planiceps Damara Rock Agama, Namibian Rock Agama Namibia-Felsenagame, Heldenagame Damara-klippeagam 1862 Agama planiceps Peters Remarks: Previously included schacki. Introduced to: South Africa (Western Cape). Distribution: Angola, Namibia. Agama planiceps © Henrik Bringsøe Agama robecchii Somaliland Agama, (Robecchi's Agama) Somaliland-Agame Somaliland-agam 1892 Agama robecchii Boulenger Distribution: Ethiopia, Somalia. Agama rueppelli Arboreal Agama, (Rüppell's Agama) Ostafrikanische Baumagame Østafrikansk Træagam 1882 Agama rueppelli Vaillant Agama rueppelli Boulenger 1885 [emendation] 1895 Agama vaillanti Boulenger (syn. Wagner & Bauer 2011) 1932 Agama rueppelli occidentalis Parker 1932 Agama rueppelli septentrionalis Parker Other common names: occidentalis: Western Arboreal Agama rueppelli: Northern Arboreal Agama septentrionalis: Southern Arboreal Agama Remarks: Records from Djibouti refer to spinosa (Ineich 1999). Distribution: Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Uganda. Agama sankaranica Sankaranian Agama Sankaran-Agame Sankaran-agam 1918 Agama sankaranica Chabanaud Remarks: Previously included boensis. Distribution: Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Togo. Agama schacki Benguela Rock Agama, (Schack's Rock Agama) Benguela-Felsenagame Benguela-klippeagam 1938 Agama planiceps schacki Mertens Agama schacki Marques, Ceríaco, Blackburn & Bauer 2018 Distribution: Angola. Agama smithi Shebeli Agama, (Smith's Agama) Shebeli-Siedleragame Shebeli-regnbueagam 1896 Agama smithi Boulenger Remarks: Previously regarded as a synonym of spinosa (e.g., Parker 1932; Wermuth 1967) or agama (e.g., Largen & Spawls 2006). Revalidated by Wagner, Leaché, Mazuch & Böhme (2013). Distribution: Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia. Agama somalica Las Geel Agama, Somali Rock Agama Las Geel-Agame Las Geel-agam 2013 Agama somalica Wagner, Leaché, Mazuch & Böhme Distribution: Somalia. Agama spinosa Egyptian Agama, Spiny Agama, (Gray's Agama) Ägyptische Stachelagame Nordøstafrikansk Regnbueagam 1831 Agama spinosa Gray Agama agama spinosa Loveridge 1942 Remarks: Previously included smithi. Formerly regarded as a subspecies of agama. Revalidated as a separate species by Lanza (1978). Records from Somalia refer to somalica (Wagner, Leaché, Mazuch & Böhme 2013). Distribution: Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan. Agama tassiliensis Tassili Agama Tassili-Agame Tassili-agam 2011 Agama tassiliensis Geniez, Padial & Crochet Remarks: This species was previously regarded as populations of agama or bibronii (Geniez, Padial & Crochet 2011). Distribution: Algeria, Chad, Libya, Mali, Niger. Agama turuensis Tanzanian Rainbow Agama Tansanianische Siedleragame Tanzaniansk Regnbueagam 1932 Agama agama turuensis Loveridge Agama turuensis Wagner, Krause & Böhme 2008 Remarks: Previously regarded as a synonym of lionotus elgonis (e.g., Wermuth 1967). Distribution: Tanzania. Agama wachirai Marsabit Rock Agama Marsabit-Felsenagame Marsabit-klippeagam 2021 Agama wachirai Malonza, Spawls, Finch & Bauer Distribution: Kenya. Agama weidholzi Senegal Agama, (Weidholz's Agama) Senegal-Agame Senegalesisk Agam 1932 Agama weidholzi Wettstein Distribution: Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Senegal.