Snakes of Peru   Related checklists:  ### Bibliography of the reptiles of Peru

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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial. Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:

	Snakes (Serpentes)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Aniliidae (South American Pipe Snake) Genus Anilius (South American Pipe Snake)   Anilius scytale South American Pipe Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014  Family Anomalepididae (Neotropical Blind Snakes) Genus Anomalepis (Odd-scaled Blind Snakes)   * Anomalepis aspinosa Cajamarca Blind Snake Gonzalez-Carvajal, Medina-Rangel & Rojas-Murcia 2018 Hahn 1980 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Kofron 1988 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Anomalepis mexicana Lower Central American Blind Snake Gonzalez-Carvajal, Medina-Rangel & Rojas-Murcia 2018 Kofron 1988 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014  Family Boidae (Typical Boas) Genus Boa (Red-tailed Boas)   Boa constrictor South American Red-tailed Boa Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Price & Russo 1991 Stimson 1969   Boa imperator Central American Red-tailed Boa Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stimson 1969 Genus Corallus (Tree Boas)   Corallus batesii Southern Emerald Tree Boa Henderson, Passos & Feitosa 2009 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 [as C. caninus]   Corallus hortulana Amazon Tree Boa Dixon & Soini 1977 [as enydris] Duellman 2005 Henderson 1997 Henderson 2002 Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as enydris] Genus Epicrates (Rainbow Boas)   Epicrates cenchria Common Rainbow Boa Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stimson 1969 Genus Eunectes (Anacondas)   Eunectes murinus Green Anaconda Dirksen 2000 Dirksen 2002 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Stimson 1969  Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids) Genus Adelphostigma (Twin-spotted Leaf-litter Snakes)   Adelphostigma occipitalis Bahia Leaf-litter Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Myers 1974 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Apostolepis (Black-tailed Blackheads)   Apostolepis nigroterminata Peruvian Blackhead Entiauspe-Neto, Koch, Guedes & Tiutenko 2020 Harvey 1999 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Lema & Renner 2004 Lema 2001 Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Arcanumophis (Puno Smooth Snake)   * Arcanumophis problematicus Puno Smooth Snake Dixon 1989 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Myers 1986 Smaga, Ttito & Catenazzi 2019 Genus Atractus (Spindle Snakes)   Atractus atlas Atlas Spindle Snake Arteaga, Quezada, Vieira & Guayasamin 2022 Passos, Dobiey & Venegas 2010 [as A. gigas]   Atractus bocourti Huanuco Spindle Snake Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koehler & Kieckbusch 2014 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Atractus carrioni Loja Spindle Snake Passos, Echevarria & Venegas 2013   Atractus collaris Collared Spindle Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Passos, Prudente, Ramos, Caicedo-Portilla & Lynch 2018 Passos, Ramos, Pinna & Prudente 2013 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Prudente & Passos 2010   Atractus elaps Black Spindle Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Hoogmoed 1980   Atractus emmeli Bolivian Spindle Snake Henle & Ehrl 1991 [as A. paravertebralis] Passos, Azevedo, Nogueira, Fernandes & Sawaya 2019 Passos, Chiesse, Torres-Carvajal & Savage 2009 Passos, Sudre, Doria & Campbell 2018 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Atractus latifrons Wedge-tailed Spindle Snake Almeida, Feitosa, Passos & Prudente 2014 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Hoogmoed 1980 Koehler & Kieckbusch 2014 Martins & Oliveira 1993 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Atractus major Brown Spindle Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Schargel, Lamar, Passos, Valencia, Cisneros-Heredia & Campbell 2013   Atractus microrhynchus Guayaquil Spindle Snake Passos, Cisneros-Heredia, Rivera, Aguilar & Schargel 2012   Atractus natans Mamiraua Spindle Snake Passos, Cisneros-Heredia, Rivera, Aguilar & Schargel 2012   * Atractus nigricauda Black-tailed Spindle Snake Koehler & Kieckbusch 2014 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Atractus pachacamac Sumaco Spindle Snake Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, Venegas & Torres-Carvajal 2021   * Atractus pauciscutatus Small-scaled Spindle Snake Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koehler & Kieckbusch 2014 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   * Atractus peruvianus Peruvian Spindle Snake Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Atractus poeppigi Black-backed Spindle Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Martins & Oliveira 1993 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Passos, Chiesse, Torres-Carvajal & Savage 2009   Atractus snethlageae Gurupi River Spindle Snake Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Prudente, Venegas & Torres-Carvajal 2021 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Schargel, Lamar, Passos, Valencia, Cisneros-Heredia & Campbell 2013   Atractus torquatus Rusty Spindle Snake Henle & Ehrl 1991 Hoogmoed 1980 Martins & Oliveira 1993 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Passos & Prudente 2012   * Atractus vertebralis Puno Spindle Snake Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Chironius (Sipos)   Chironius carinatus Yellow-lipped Sipo Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020   Chironius exoletus Green Sipo Dixon & Soini 1977 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Hoge, Romano & Cordeiro 1978 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020   Chironius fuscus Brown Sipo Chippaux 1987 Dixon & Soini 1977 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020   Chironius laevicollis Smooth-necked Sipo Henle & Ehrl 1991   Chironius leucometapus White-fronted Sipo Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Torres-Carvajal, Koch, Valencia, Venegas & Echevarria 2019   Chironius monticola Mountain Sipo Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018   Chironius multiventris Peruvian Sipo Dixon & Soini 1977 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Chironius scurrulus Rusty Sipo Dixon & Soini 1977 Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Duellman & Mendelson 1995 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Chlorosoma (Green Bush Racers)   Chlorosoma dunupyana Rio Branco Bush Racer Melo-Sampaio, Passos, Martins, Jennings, Moura-Leite, Morato, Venegas, Chavez, Venancio & Souza 2020   Chlorosoma viridissimum Emerald Bush Racer Beebe 1946 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Freitas, Franca & Bernarde 2012 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Thomas 1976 Genus Clelia (Northern Snake Eaters)   Clelia clelia Common Snake Eater Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Zaher 1996 Genus Coniophanes (Black-striped Snakes)   Coniophanes longinquus Peruvian Black-striped Snake Cadle 1989 Genus Dendrophidion (Forest Racers)   Dendrophidion brunneum Brown Forest Racer Cadle 2010 Henle & Ehrl 1991   Dendrophidion dendrophis Tawny Forest Racer Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Genus Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters)   Dipsas bobridgelyi El Oro Snail Eater Arteaga, Salazar-Valenzuela, Mebert, Penafiel, Aguiar, Sanchez-Nivicela, Pyron, Colston, Cisneros-Heredia, Yanez-Munoz, Venegas, Guayasamin & Torres-Carvajal 2018   Dipsas catesbyi Ornate Snail Eater Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Mendelson 1995 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Lima & Prudente 2009 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965 Sanchez-Martinez, Franca & Trevine 2022   Dipsas gracilis Graceful Snail Eater Cadle 2005 Harvey 2008   Dipsas indica Big-headed Snail Eater Dixon & Soini 1977 Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965   * Dipsas oneilli Peruvian Amazon Snail Eater Harvey 2008 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Rossman & Thomas 1979   Dipsas oreas Quito Snail Eater Cadle 2005 Harvey 2008   Dipsas oswaldobaezi Loja Snail Eater Arteaga, Salazar-Valenzuela, Mebert, Penafiel, Aguiar, Sanchez-Nivicela, Pyron, Colston, Cisneros-Heredia, Yanez-Munoz, Venegas, Guayasamin & Torres-Carvajal 2018   Dipsas palmeri Tungurahua Snail Eater Arteaga, Salazar-Valenzuela, Mebert, Penafiel, Aguiar, Sanchez-Nivicela, Pyron, Colston, Cisneros-Heredia, Yanez-Munoz, Venegas, Guayasamin & Torres-Carvajal 2018   Dipsas pavonina Northern Snail Eater Dixon & Soini 1977 Lima & Prudente 2009 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters 1960   Dipsas peruana Peruvian Snail Eater Arteaga, Salazar-Valenzuela, Mebert, Penafiel, Aguiar, Sanchez-Nivicela, Pyron, Colston, Cisneros-Heredia, Yanez-Munoz, Venegas, Guayasamin & Torres-Carvajal 2018 Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965   * Dipsas schunkii Chanchamayo Snail Eater Harvey 2008 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965   * Dipsas vaga Huancabamba Snail Eater Harvey 2008 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965   * Dipsas vagrans Cajamarca Snail Eater Arteaga, Salazar-Valenzuela, Mebert, Penafiel, Aguiar, Sanchez-Nivicela, Pyron, Colston, Cisneros-Heredia, Yanez-Munoz, Venegas, Guayasamin & Torres-Carvajal 2018 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965   Dipsas vermiculata Vermiculate Snail Eater Harvey & Embert 2008 Harvey 2008 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Peters 1965   Dipsas welborni Zamora Chinchipe Snail Eater Arteaga & Batista 2023   * Dipsas williamsi Lima Snail Eater Carrillo de Espinoza 1974 [1975] Henle & Ehrl 1991 Genus Drepanoides (Amazon Egg Eater)   Drepanoides anomalus Amazon Egg Eater Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Guedes, Queiroz, Sousa & Hamdan 2020 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Drymarchon (Indigo Snakes and Cribos)   Drymarchon corais Yellow-tailed Cribo Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Mendelson 1995 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Genus Drymobius (Central American Racers)   Drymobius rhombifer Diamondback Racer Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Drymoluber (Glossy Racers)   * Drymoluber apurimacensis Peruvian Glossy Racer Caldeira-Costa, Ribeiro-Moura & Neves-Feio 2013 Lehr, Carrillo & Hocking 2004   Drymoluber dichrous Northern Glossy Racer Caldeira-Costa, Ribeiro-Moura & Neves-Feio 2013 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Erythrolamprus (Neotropical Smooth Snakes)   Erythrolamprus aesculapii Southern Mock Coral Snake Curcio, Scali & Rodrigues 2015 Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991   Erythrolamprus breviceps Short-headed Smooth Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Dixon 1989 Henle & Ehrl 1991   Erythrolamprus dorsocorallinus Barinas Smooth Snake Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019   Erythrolamprus epinephelus Fire-bellied Smooth Snake Dixon 1983 Henle & Ehrl 1991   Erythrolamprus festae Santiago River Smooth Snake Dixon 1989 Dixon 2000 Henle & Ehrl 1991   Erythrolamprus fraseri Ecuadorian Smooth Snake Dixon 1983 Dixon 1989 Torres-Carvajal & Hinojosa 2020   Erythrolamprus guentheri Ecuadorian Mock Coral Snake Curcio, Scali & Rodrigues 2015 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018   * Erythrolamprus janaleeae Moyobamba Smooth Snake Dixon 2000 Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Koch, Nunez, Azevedo, Moraes, Tiutenko, Bialves & Loebmann 2021   Erythrolamprus miliaris Military Smooth Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Dixon 1983 Dixon 1989   Erythrolamprus mimus Mimic Mock Coral Snake Curcio, Scali & Rodrigues 2015 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Erythrolamprus oligolepis Para Smooth Snake Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Franca, Freitas, Bernarde & Uhlig 2013   Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus Yellow-bellied Smooth Snake Henle & Ehrl 1991   Erythrolamprus pygmaeus Amazon Dwarf Forest Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Mendelson 1995 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Kawashita-Ribeiro, Carvalho, Lima, Avila & Fraga 2011 Vechio, Teixeira-Junior, Recoder, Sena, Souza & Rodrigues 2015   Erythrolamprus reginae Northern Royal Smooth Snake Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Beebe 1946 Dixon & Soini 1977 Dixon 1989 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Murphy, Braswell, Charles, Auguste, Rivas, Borzee, Lehtinen & Jowers 2019 Schluter, Icochea & Perez 2004   Erythrolamprus taeniogaster Banded Smooth Snake Dixon 1989 [as cobellus dyticus] Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 [as cobella dyticus]   Erythrolamprus taeniurus Thin Smooth Snake Dixon 1989 Dixon 2000 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Erythrolamprus typhlus Velvety Smooth Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Dixon 1987 Dixon 1989 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Genus Eutrachelophis (Beautiful-necked Smooth Snakes)   Eutrachelophis bassleri Loreto Smooth Snake Myers & McDowell 2014 Zaher & Prudente 2019 Genus Galvarinus (Galvarino Scrub Snakes)   Galvarinus attenuatus Madre de Dios Scrub Snake Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   * Galvarinus tarmensis Tarma Scrub Snake Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Helicops (South American Keelbacks)   Helicops angulatus Brown-banded Keelback Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Roberto, Ribeiro, Sousa-Delfino & Oliveira-Almeida 2009   Helicops leopardinus Leopard Keelback Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991   Helicops pastazae Pastaza River Keelback Henle & Ehrl 1991 Rossman 1976   Helicops polylepis South American Many-scaled Keelback Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Helicops yacu Loreto Keelback Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Rossman & Dixon 1975 Genus Hydrops (South American Mud Snakes)   Hydrops martii Coral Mud Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Pinheiro, Borges & Loebmann 2017 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Roze 1957 Scrocchi, Ferreira, Giraudo, Avila & Motte 2005   Hydrops triangularis Red-sided Mud Snake Albuquerque & Lema 2008 Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Roze 1957 Scrocchi, Ferreira, Giraudo, Avila & Motte 2005 Genus Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes)   Imantodes cenchoa Common Blunt-headed Tree Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Mendelson 1995 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020   Imantodes lentiferus Amazon Blunt-headed Tree Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Mendelson 1995 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Frota, Missassi, Santos-Costa & Prudente 2015 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Incaspis (Andean Bush Racers)   Incaspis simonsii Cajamarca Bush Racer Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as Dromicus angustilineatus] Zaher, Arredondo, Valencia, Abbelaez, Rodrigues & Altamirano-Benavides 2014   Incaspis tachymenoides Arequipa Bush Racer Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Thomas 1976 Zaher, Arredondo, Valencia, Abbelaez, Rodrigues & Altamirano-Benavides 2014 Genus Leptodeira (Typical Cat-eyed Snakes)   Leptodeira annulata South American Banded Cat-eyed Snake Barrio-Amoros 2019 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Mendelson 1995 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 1958 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Leptodeira approximans Chayahuitas Banded Cat-eyed Snake Costa, Graboski, Grazziotin, Zaher, Rodrigues & Prudente 2022   * Leptodeira larcorum Peruvian Cat-eyed Snake Barrio-Amoros 2019 Duellman 1958 Henle & Ehrl 1991 [as septentrionalis] Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Schmidt & Walker 1943 Torres-Carvajal, Sanchez-Nivicela, Posse, Celi & Koch 2020 Genus Leptophis (Neotropical Parrot Snakes)   Leptophis cupreus Copper Parrot Snake Albuquerque & McDiarmid 2010 Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991   Leptophis depressirostris Satiny Parrot Snake Venegas 2005   Leptophis nigromarginatus Black-skinned Green Parrot Snake Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa & Avila 2022 Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Murphy, Charles, Lehtinen & Koeller 2013 Oliver 1948 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Leptophis occidentalis Guayaquil Parrot Snake Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022   Leptophis riveti Oblique Parrot Snake Henle & Ehrl 1991 Oliver 1948 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Mastigodryas (Neotropical Lizard Eaters)   Mastigodryas boddaerti Brown Lizard Eater Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Montingelli, Valencia, Benavides & Zaher 2011   Mastigodryas heathii Peruvian Lizard Eater Cadle 2012 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Montingelli & Zaher 2011 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Montingelli, Valencia, Benavides & Zaher 2011 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Mastigodryas pulchriceps Quito Lizard Eater Montingelli 2009   Mastigodryas reticulatus Guayaquil Lizard Eater Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Genus Ninia (Coffee Snakes)   Ninia hudsoni Guyana White-collared Coffee Snake Doan & Arriaga 2000 Genus Oxybelis (Neotropical Vine Snakes)   Oxybelis aeneus Brown Vine Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 [[part?]] Duellman & Salas 1991 [[part?]] Duellman 2005 [[part?]] Henle & Ehrl 1991 [[part?]] Keiser 1974 [[part?]] Keiser 1982 [[part?]] Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 [[part?]]   Oxybelis fulgidus Green Vine Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020   Oxybelis inkaterra Peruvian Vine Snake Jadin, Jowers, Orlofske, Duellman, Blair & Murphy 2021 Genus Oxyrhopus (Calico Snakes)   * Oxyrhopus erdisii Cuzco Calico Snake Barbour 1913 Gonzales, Reichle & Entiauspe-Neto 2020 Henle & Ehrl 1991 [as O. doliatus] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as O. doliatus] Zaher & Caramaschi 2000   Oxyrhopus fitzingeri Peruvian Calico Snake Henle & Ehrl 1991 Mamani-Cabana 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Oxyrhopus formosus Yellow-headed Calico Snake Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Oxyrhopus leucomelas Tolima Calico Snake Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   * Oxyrhopus marcapatae Marcapata Valley Calico Snake Gonzales, Reichle & Entiauspe-Neto 2020 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Oxyrhopus melanogenys Black-headed Calico Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 [as "cf. melanogenys"] Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher & Caramaschi 1992 [as "cf. melanogenys"]   Oxyrhopus occipitalis Northern Calico Snake Lynch 2009   Oxyrhopus petolarius Banded Calico Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Oxyrhopus vanidicus Leticia Calico Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 [as trigeminus] Gonzales, Reichle & Entiauspe-Neto 2020 Lynch 2009 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Genus Philodryas (South American Bush Racers)   Philodryas olfersii Common Green Bush Racer Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Thomas 1976 Genus Phrynonax (Neotropical Bird Snakes)   Phrynonax sexcarinatus Southern Bird Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 [as polylepis] Henle & Ehrl 1991 [as polylepis] Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019 [as Pseustes poecilonotus] Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 [as P. poecilonotus] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as polylepis] Genus Pseudalsophis (Neotropical Elegant Racers)   Pseudalsophis elegans South American Elegant Racer Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Pseudoboa (Neotropical Scarlet Snakes)   Pseudoboa coronata Black-headed Scarlet Snake Caldeira Costa, Cotta & MacCulloch 2015 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Zaher, Oliveira & Franco 2008 Genus Pseudoeryx (Dusky Mud Snakes)   Pseudoeryx plicatilis Dusky Mud Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Scartozzoni, Trevine & Germano 2010 Genus Rhinobothryum (Ringed Snakes)   Rhinobothryum lentiginosum Amazon Ringed Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman 2005 Genus Sibon (Neotropical Snail Eaters)   Sibon bevridgelyi Maroon Snail Eater Arteaga, Salazar-Valenzuela, Mebert, Penafiel, Aguiar, Sanchez-Nivicela, Pyron, Colston, Cisneros-Heredia, Yanez-Munoz, Venegas, Guayasamin & Torres-Carvajal 2018 Genus Siphlophis (Liana Snakes)   Siphlophis cervinus Common Liana Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Siphlophis compressus Red-headed Liana Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Zaher & Prudente 1999   Siphlophis worontzowi Amazon Liana Snake Costa, Sao-Pedro & Feio 2010 Moravec, Aparicio, Guerrero-Reinhard & Calderon 2009 Prudente, Silva, Santos Meireles & Puorto 2017 Vechio, Teixeira-Junior, Neto & Rodrigues 2015 Genus Spilotes (Chicken Snakes)   Spilotes pullatus Chicken Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020   Spilotes sulphureus Yellow-bellied Puffing Snake Andrade, Santos-Almeida & Reis-Dias 2017 Beebe 1946 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Synophis (Andean Shadow Snakes)   * Synophis insulomontanus Mountain Shadow Snake Pyron, Arteaga, Echevarria & Torres-Carvajal 2016 Torres-Carvajal, Echevarria, Venegas, Chavez & Camper 2015 Genus Tachymenis (South American Scrub Snakes)   * Tachymenis elongata Piura Scrub Snake Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Tachymenis peruviana Peruvian Scrub Snake Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Ortiz 1973 Genus Tachymenoides (Huanuco Scrub Snake)   * Tachymenoides affinis Huanuco Scrub Snake Chavez 2012 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Taeniophallus (Lowland Dwarf Leaf-litter Snakes)   Taeniophallus brevirostris Short-nosed Leaf-litter Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Mendelson 1995 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Myers 1974 Genus Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes)   Tantilla capistrata Jequetepeque Centipede Snake Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015 Wilson & Mena 1980 Wilson 1987 Wilson 1990   Tantilla melanocephala South American Black-headed Centipede Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015 Wilson & Mena 1980 Wilson 1987 Wilson 1992   * Tantilla tjiasmantoi Peruvian Banded Centipede Snake Koch & Venegas 2016 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Genus Thamnodynastes (South American Mock Vipers)   Thamnodynastes pallidus Common South American Mock Viper Bailey, Thomas & Silva 2005 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021   Thamnodynastes silvai Loreto Mock Viper Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021 Genus Urotheca (Glass-tailed Snakes)   Urotheca lateristriga Ribboned Glass-tailed Snake Henle & Ehrl 1991 Myers 1974 Genus Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads and South American Hognose Snakes)   Xenodon rabdocephalus Common Mock Lancehead Beebe 1946 Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Xenodon severus Giant Mock Lancehead Beebe 1946 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019   * Xenodon suspectus East Peruvian Mock Lancehead Myers & McDowell 2014 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Xenopholis (South American Flat-headed Snakes)   Xenopholis scalaris Northern Flat-headed Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Mendelson 1995 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Hamdan, Machado & Citeli 2015 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Xenoxybelis (South American Vine Snakes)   Xenoxybelis argenteus Green-striped Vine Snake Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020   Xenoxybelis boulengeri Amazonian Vine Snake Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Keiser 1989  Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.) Genus Leptomicrurus (Black-backed Coral Snakes)   Leptomicrurus narduccii Andean Black-backed Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Roze 1996   Leptomicrurus scutiventris Pygmy Black-backed Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Henle & Ehrl 1991 [as L. schmidti] Roze 1996 Genus Micrurus (American Coral Snakes)   Micrurus albicinctus White-banded Coral Snake Feitosa, Silva, Pires, Zaher & Prudente 2015   Micrurus annellatus Peruvian Annellated Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Feitosa, Silva, Pires, Zaher & Prudente 2015 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Roze 1996   Micrurus bocourti Ecuadorian Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 Roze 1996   Micrurus bolivianus Bolivian Annellated Coral Snake Feitosa, Silva, Pires, Zaher & Prudente 2015   Micrurus filiformis South American Slender Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Roze 1996   Micrurus frontifasciatus Bolivian Ribbon Coral Snake David & Ineich 1999 Roze 1996   Micrurus helleri Western Ribbon Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 [as M. lemniscatus] Duellman 2005 [as M. lemniscatus] Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 [as M. lemniscatus] Roze 1996 Schmidt & Schmidt 1925   Micrurus langsdorffi Northwest Amazonian Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixon & Soini 1977 Feitosa, Silva, Pires, Zaher & Prudente 2015 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Roze 1996   * Micrurus margaritiferus Speckled Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Feitosa, Silva, Pires, Zaher & Prudente 2015 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Roze 1996   Micrurus mertensi Pacasmayo Desert Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Feitosa, Silva, Pires, Zaher & Prudente 2015 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Roze 1996   Micrurus obscurus Western Amazonian Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Mendelson 1995 [as M. spixii] Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 [as M. spixii] Jan in Jan & Sordelli 1872 Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 [as M. spixii] Nascimento, Silva, Feitosa & Prudente 2019 Roze 1996   Micrurus ornatissimus Ornate Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 Feitosa, Silva, Pires, Zaher & Prudente 2015 Roze 1996   Micrurus ortoni Pebas Coral Snake Bernarde, Turci, Abegg & Franco 2018 Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 [as M. hemprichii] Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 [as M. hemprichii] Nascimento, Silva, Feitosa & Prudente 2019 Paine & Farfan 2020 [as M. hemprichii] Roze 1996 Schmidt 1953   Micrurus peruvianus Peruvian Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Feitosa, Silva, Pires, Zaher & Prudente 2015 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Roze 1996   Micrurus putumayensis Putumayo Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixon & Soini 1977 Feitosa, Silva, Pires, Zaher & Prudente 2015 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Roze 1996   Micrurus steindachneri Piedmont Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 Feitosa, Silva, Pires, Zaher & Prudente 2015 Roze 1996   Micrurus surinamensis Amazonian Aquatic Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Roze 1996   Micrurus tschudii Desert Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Roze 1996  Family Elapidae [part 2: marine species] (Sea Snakes) Genus Hydrophis (Typical Sea Snakes)   Hydrophis platurus Yellow-bellied Sea Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Quinones, Garcia-Burneo & Barragan 2014  Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes) Genus Epictia (Neotropical Thread Snakes)   Epictia albipuncta White-spotted Thread Snake Wallach 2016   * Epictia alfredschmidti Huarmey Thread Snake Lehr, Wallach, Koehler & Aguilar 2002 Wallach 2016   * Epictia antoniogarciai Jaen Thread Snake Koch, Venegas & Boehme 2015 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018   * Epictia diaplocia Requena Thread Snake Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Francisco, Pinto & Fernandes 2012 Hahn 1980 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Nascimento, Avila Pires & Cunha 1988 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wallach 2016   Epictia melanoterma Corrientes Thread Snake Hahn 1980 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   * Epictia melanura Black-tailed Thread Snake Hahn 1980 Henle & Ehrl 1991 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   * Epictia peruviana Peruvian Thread Snake Hahn 1980 Henle & Ehrl 1991 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wallach 2016   * Epictia rubrolineata Red-striped Thread Snake Hahn 1980 Henle & Ehrl 1991 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   * Epictia rufidorsa Red-backed Thread Snake Hahn 1980 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Martins, Koch, Pinto, Folly, Fouquet & Passos 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wallach 2016   * Epictia septemlineata Peruvian Seven-lined Thread Snake Koch, Venegas & Boehme 2015 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018   Epictia striatula Yungas Thread Snake Wallach 2016   Epictia subcrotilla Tumbes Thread Snake Francisco, Pinto & Fernandes 2012 Hahn 1980 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wallach 2016   * Epictia teaguei Chotano River Thread Snake Hahn 1980 Henle & Ehrl 1991 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wallach 2016   Epictia tenella Guyana Thread Snake Hahn 1980 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 [as albifrons] Thomas 1975 Wallach 2016   * Epictia tesselata Lima Thread Snake Hahn 1980 Henle & Ehrl 1991 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wallach 2016   * Epictia tricolor Three-coloured Thread Snake Hahn 1980 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Martins, Koch, Pinto, Folly, Fouquet & Passos 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Wallach 2016   * Epictia vanwallachi Pataz Thread Snake Koch, Venegas & Boehme 2015 Koch, Venegas, Santa Cruz & Boehme 2018 Wallach 2016   * Epictia venegasi Cajabamba Thread Snake Koch, Cruz & Cardenas 2016   * Epictia vonmayi Chota Thread Snake Koch, Cruz & Cardenas 2016  Family Tropidophiidae (Dwarf Boas) Genus Tropidophis (Typical Dwarf Boas)   Tropidophis taczanowskyi Peruvian Dwarf Boa Curcio, Nunes, Argolo, Skuk & Rodrigues 2012 Henle & Ehrl 1991 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stimson 1969  Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes) Genus Amerotyphlops (American Blind Snakes)   Amerotyphlops brongersmianus Bahia Blind Snake Dixon & Hendricks 1979 Dixon & Soini 1977 Graboski, Arredondo, Grazziotin, Silva, Prudente, Rodrigues, Bonatto & Zaher 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999   Amerotyphlops minuisquamus Amazon Basin Blind Snake Dixon & Hendricks 1979 Graboski, Arredondo, Grazziotin, Silva, Prudente, Rodrigues, Bonatto & Zaher 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999   Amerotyphlops reticulatus Reticulated Blind Snake Dixon & Hendricks 1979 Dixon & Soini 1977 Graboski, Arredondo, Grazziotin, Silva, Prudente, Rodrigues, Bonatto & Zaher 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999  Family Viperidae (Vipers) Genus Bothriechis (Palm Pitvipers)   Bothriechis schlegelii Eyelash Palm Pitviper Campbell & Lamar 2004 Genus Bothrocophias (Toad-headed Pitvipers)   Bothrocophias andianus Andean Toad-headed Pitviper Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Henle & Ehrl 1991   Bothrocophias hyoprora Amazonian Toad-headed Pitviper Bernarde, Amaral & Vale 2011 Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Mendelson 1995 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Oliveira, Araujo, Prudente, Fraga, Almeida & Ascenso 2018   Bothrocophias microphthalmus Small-eyed Toad-headed Pitviper Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Genus Bothrops (American Lanceheads)   Bothrops asper Central American Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018   Bothrops atrox Common Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Mendelson 1995 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020   * Bothrops barnetti Northern Peruvian Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Henle & Ehrl 1991   Bothrops bilineatus Two-striped Forest Pitviper Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Llanqui, Salas & Oblitas 2019 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020   Bothrops brazili Southern Velvety Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Mendelson 1995 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021   * Bothrops chloromelas Inca Forest Pitviper Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021   Bothrops lojanus Lojan Lancehead Carrasco, Venegas & Valencia 2016   Bothrops monsignifer Los Volcanes Lancehead Timms, Chaparro, Venegas, Salazar-Valenzuela, Scrocchi, Cuevas, Leynaud & Carrasco 2019   Bothrops oligolepis Peruvian Forest Pitviper Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Henle & Ehrl 1991   * Bothrops pictus Desert Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Henle & Ehrl 1991   Bothrops pulcher Andean Forest Pitviper Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021   * Bothrops roedingeri Huayuri Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018   * Bothrops sonene Bahuaja-Sonene Lancehead Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019   Bothrops taeniatus Speckled Forest Pitviper Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixon & Soini 1977 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020 Souza, Venancio, Freitas, Souza & Verissimo 2013 Genus Crotalus (Typical Rattlesnakes)   Crotalus durissus South American Rattlesnake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Genus Lachesis (Bushmasters)   Lachesis muta South American Bushmaster Barrio-Amoros, Corrales, Rodriguez, Culebras, Dwyer & Flores 2020 Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Dixon & Soini 1977 Duellman & Salas 1991 Duellman 2005 Henle & Ehrl 1991 Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham & Gunnels 2020