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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk).
Latest update: December 31st, 2022.


Taxonomy of the family Iguanidae
Bibliography of the genus Iguana
Biodiversity of the family Iguanidae








Genus
Iguana

Green Iguanas

Grüne Leguane

Grønne Leguaner , Almindelige Leguaner

1768 Iguana Laurenti (type species: Lacerta iguana Linnaeus 1758)
1828 Prionodus Wagler (type species: Lacerta iguana Linnaeus 1758; syn. Etheridge 1982)
1830 Hypsilophus Wagler (type species: Lacerta iguana Linnaeus 1758; syn. Etheridge 1982)
Contents: 4 species, none of which are endemic.
Endemism: 0% 100%
Distribution: Mexico, Central America, South America, West Indies.
Reported from: Anguilla (Anguilla Island), Aruba, Belize, Bolivia, Bonaire, Brazil (Acre, Alagoas, Amapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceara, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Para [incl. Marajo Island], Paraiba, Pernambuco, Piaui, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Rondonia, Roraima, Sergipe, Tocantins), Colombia (incl. Providencia, San Andres), Costa Rica, Curacao, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Grenada, Guadeloupe (incl. Desirade, Iles de la Petite Terre [Terre-de-Bas], Iles des Saintes, Marie-Galante), Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras (incl. Islas de la Bahia [Barbareta, Cayos Cochinos (Cayo Cochino Pequeño), Guanaja, Roatan, Utila], Islas del Cisne [Isla Grande, Isla Pequeña]), Martinique, Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo [incl. Cozumel], Sinaloa, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz), Montserrat, Nicaragua (incl. Islas del Maiz [Isla Grande del Maiz]), Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saba, Saint Barthelemy, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent & the Grenadines (incl. Union Island, Saint Vincent), Sint Eustatius, Surinam, Trinidad & Tobago (Tobago, Trinidad), Venezuela (incl. Blanquilla, Los Frailes, Margarita, Tortuga).

Iguana delicatissima

West Indian Green Iguana, Lesser Antillean Iguana

Karibischer Grüner Leguan

Caribisk Grøn Leguan

1768 Iguana delicatissima Laurenti
Amblyrhynchus delicatissima Wagler 1830
1820 Iguana nudicollis Merrem [substitute name for Iguana delicatissima Laurenti 1768] (Etheridge 1982)

Extinct in: Antigua & Barbuda (Antigua, Barbuda), Guadeloupe (Iles des Saintes, Marie-Galante), Saint Barthelemy, Saint Kitts & Nevis (Nevis, Saint Kitts), Saint Martin.
Introduced to: Puerto Rico.
Distribution: Anguilla (Anguilla Island), Dominica, Guadeloupe (Desirade, Iles de la Petite Terre [Terre-de-Bas]), Martinique, Saint Barthelemy, Sint Eustatius.


Iguana delicatissima
© Rune Midtgaard

Iguana iguana

South American Green Iguana , Common Green Iguana, Great Green Iguana

Südamerikanischer Grüner Leguan

Sydamerikansk Grøn Leguan

1758 Lacerta iguana Linnaeus
Prionodus iguana Wagler 1828
Iguana iguana Van Denburgh 1898
1768 ? Iguana minima Laurenti (Fitzinger 1843)
1768 Iguana tuberculata Laurenti (Avila-Pires 1995)
Hypsilophus tuberculata Wagler 1830
1802 Iguana caerulea Daudin (Avila-Pires 1995)
1806 Iguana vulgaris Link [substitute name for Lacerta iguana Linnaeus 1758] (Etheridge 1982)
1820 Iguana sapidissima Merrem [substitute name for Lacerta iguana Linnaeus 1758] (Etheridge 1982)
1825 Iguana caerulea Spix [not Iguana caerulea Daudin 1802] (Avila-Pires 1995)
1825 Iguana emarginata Spix (Avila-Pires 1995)
1825 Iguana lophyroides Spix (Avila-Pires 1995)
1825 Iguana squamosa Spix (Avila-Pires 1995)
1825 Iguana viridis Spix (Avila-Pires 1995)
2019 Iguana iguana insularis Breuil, Vuillaume, Schikorski, Krauss, Morton, Haynes, Daltry, Corry, Gaymes, Gaymes, Bech, Jelic & Grandjean
2019 Iguana iguana sanctaluciae Breuil, Vuillaume, Schikorski, Krauss, Morton, Haynes, Daltry, Corry, Gaymes, Gaymes, Bech, Jelic & Grandjean

Other common names:
insularis: Grenada Iguana
sanctaluciae: Saint Lucia Iguana
Remarks: Now restricted mainly to South America and some Caribbean islands, but introduced to many others. Previously included rhinolopha. Records from Mexico to northern Costa Rica refer to rhinolopha. Presence in Guadeloupe has been suggested to be natural (Lazell 1973), but Breuil (2002) believed that it was introduced. It is unclear whether all the introduced populations represent iguana. Some may refer to rhinolopha.
Extinct in: Barbados.
Introduced to: Anguilla (Anguilla Island), Antigua & Barbuda (Antigua, Barbuda), Australia (Queensland), Bahamas, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands (Grand Cayman), Fiji, French Polynesia, Guadeloupe (incl. Iles de la Petite Terre, Iles des Saintes, Marie-Galante), Guam, Japan (Bonin Islands, Ryukyu Islands [Sakishima Islands]), Malaysia (West Malaysia), Martinique, New Zealand, Puerto Rico (Culebra), Saba, Saint Barthelemy, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin, South Africa (Gauteng), Turks & Caicos Islands (Caicos Islands, Turks Islands), U.S. Virgin Islands (St. Croix), United Arab Emirates, USA (Florida, Hawaii).
Distribution: Aruba, Bolivia, Bonaire, Brazil (Acre, Alagoas, Amapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceara, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Para [incl. Marajo Island], Paraiba, Pernambuco, Piaui, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Rondonia, Roraima, Sergipe, Tocantins), Colombia, Costa Rica, Curacao, Ecuador, French Guiana, Grenada, Guyana, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Vincent & the Grenadines (incl. Union Island, Saint Vincent), Surinam, Trinidad & Tobago (Tobago, Trinidad), Venezuela (incl. Blanquilla, Los Frailes, Isla Margarita, Tortuga).


Iguana iguana
© Rune Midtgaard

Iguana melanoderma

Caribbean Black Iguana, Melanistic Lesser Antilles Iguana, Saban Black Iguana

Karibischer Schwarzer Leguan

Caribisk Sort Leguan

2020 Iguana melanoderma Breuil, Schikorski, Vuillaume, Krauss, Morton, Corry, Bech, Jelic & Grandjean
Iguana iguana melanoderma Reptile Database 2020 (reptile-database.reptarium.cz, viewed December 4th, 2020)

Distribution: Montserrat, Saba.





Iguana rhinolopha

Northern Green Iguana , (Great Green Iguana, Common Green Iguana)

Nördlicher Grüner Leguan

Nordlig Grøn Leguan

1834 Iguana rhinolophus Wiegmann
Hypsilophus rhinolophus Fitzinger 1843
Iguana tuberculata rhinolopha Boulenger 1885
Iguana iguana rhinolopha Van Denburgh 1898

Remarks: Previously regarded as a subspecies or synonym of iguana (e.g., Lazell 1973). Revalidated as a separate species by Breuil, Vuillaume, Schikorski, Krauss, Morton, Haynes, Daltry, Corry, Gaymes, Gaymes, Bech, Jelic & Grandjean (2019).
Introduced to: Mexico (Baja California Sur), Nicaragua (Islas del Maiz: Isla Pequeña del Maiz), Saint Lucia.
Distribution: Belize, Colombia (Providencia, San Andres), Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, (incl. Islas de la Bahia [Barbareta, Cayos Cochinos: Cayo Cochino Pequeño, Guanaja, Roatan, Utila], Islas del Cisne [Isla Grande, Isla Pequeña]), Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo [incl. Cozumel], Sinaloa, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz), Nicaragua (incl. Islas del Maiz: Isla Grande del Maiz).


Iguana rhinolopha
© Rune Midtgaard