|
= endemic EX = extinct or assumed extinct
![](../DIV/Transparent_50x5.gif)
Genus
Eirenis (Middle Eastern Dwarf Snakes) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Eirenis_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Eirenis_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Eirenis_punctatolineatus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Eirenis punctatolineatus
Armenian Dwarf Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006
Geniez 2018
Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989
Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013
Rajabizadeh, Schmidtler, Javanmardi, Rastegar-Pouyani & Esmaeili 2012
Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013
Szczerbak 2003
Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Elaphe (Palearctic-Oriental Rat Snakes) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Elaphe_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Elaphe_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Elaphe_urartica_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Elaphe urartica
Urartian Rat Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 [as E. sauromates]
Arakelyan, Danielyan, Corti, Sindaco & Leviton 2011 [as E. sauromates]
Boehme & Szczerbak in Boehme (ed.) 1993 [as E. quatuorlineata]
Geniez 2018 [as E. sauromates]
Jablonski, Kukushkin, Avci, Bunyatova, Kumlutas, Ilgaz, Polyakova, Shiryaev, Tuniyev & Jandzik 2019
Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 [as E. sauromates]
Qi, Shi, Ma, Gao, Bu, Grismer, Li & Wang 2021
Schulz 1996 [as E. sauromates]
Szczerbak 2003 [as E. sauromates]
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Natrix (Eurasian Keelbacks) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Natrix_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Natrix_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Natrix_natrix_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Natrix natrix
Common European Grass Snake | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Anonymous 2005
Arakelyan, Danielyan, Corti, Sindaco & Leviton 2011
Geniez 2018
Kabisch in Boehme (ed.) 1999
Kindler, Boehme, Corti, Gvozdik, Jablonski, Jandzik, Metallinou, Siroky & Fritz 2013
Orlov & Tuniyev 1992 [as megalocephala]
Orlov & Tuniyev in Boehme (ed.) 1999 [as megalocephala]
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Zamenis (Western Palearctic Rat Snakes) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Colubridae/GIF/Zamenis_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Zamenis_bibliography_link.gif) |
Genus
Psammophis (Old World Sand Snakes and Grass Snakes) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Lamprophiidae/GIF/Psammophis_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Psammophis_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Viperidae/GIF/Gloydius_caucasicus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Gloydius caucasicus
Caucasian Mamushi | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006
Asadi, Montgelard, Nazarizadeh, Moghaddasi, Fatemizadeh, Simonov, Kami & Kaboli 2019
David & Ineich 1999
Dirksen & Boehme 2005
Geniez 2018
Gloyd & Conant 1990
Gumprecht, Tillack, Orlov, Captain & Ryabov 2004
Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989
McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 [as intermedius]
Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013
Szczerbak 2003
Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Viperidae/GIF/Macrovipera_lebetinus_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Macrovipera lebetinus
Blunt-nosed Viper | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Arakelyan, Danielyan, Corti, Sindaco & Leviton 2011
David & Ineich 1999
David & Vogel 2010
Geniez 2018
Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993
McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999
Szczerbak & Boehme in Joger & Stumpel 2005
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
Genus
Vipera (Typical Vipers or Adders) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Viperidae/GIF/Vipera_60h.gif) |
![](../links/Vipera_bibliography_link.gif) |
![](../maps1/TAX/Serpentes/Viperidae/GIF/Vipera_eriwanensis_160h.gif) ![](../DIV/Transparent_160x3.gif) |
| ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Vipera eriwanensis
Armenian Mountain Steppe Viper | ![](../DIV/Transparent_500x1.gif)
Arakelyan, Danielyan, Corti, Sindaco & Leviton 2011
Geniez 2018
Kukushkin, Iskenderov, Axmedov, Bunyatova & Zinenko 2012
Nilson & Andren 2001
Tuniyev 2016
Tuniyev, Avci, Ilgaz, Olgun, Petrova, Bodrov, Geniez & Teynie 2018
![](../DIV/Transparent_160x10.gif) |
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