Home - Taxonomy - Geography - Biodiversity - Literature - Purchase RepFocus Recent updates Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. (www.repfocus.dk). Latest update: October 17th, 2024. Taxonomy of the family Colubridae Bibliography of the genus Lycodon Biodiversity of the family Colubridae Genus Lycodon Oriental Wolf Snakes, Asian Wolf Snakes Wolfzahnnattern, (Grosszahnnattern [syn. Dinodon]) Orientalske Ulvesnoge 1826 Lycodon Boie in Fitzinger (type species: Coluber aulicus Linnaeus 1758) 1826 Nympha Fitzinger (type species: Coluber nympha Daudin 1803; syn. Williams & Wallach 1989) 1830 Cercaspis Wagler (type species: Hurria carinata Kuhl 1820; syn. Pyron, Kandambi, Hendry, Pushpamal, Burbrink & Somaweera 2013) 1830 Ophites Wagler (type species: Lycodon subcinctus Boie 1827) 1853 Odontomus Dumeril [not Odontomus Kirby in Richardson 1837 (Insecta)] (type species: Coluber nympha Daudin 1803) 1854 Dinodon Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril (type species: Dinodon cancellatum Dumeril 1853; syn. Guo, Zhang, Liu, Li, Pyron Jiang & Burbrink 2013; Siler, Oliveiros, Santanen & Brown 2013) 1858 Dryocalamus Günther (type species: Dryocalamus tristrigatus Günther 1858; syn. Figueroa, KcKelvy, Grismer, Bell & Lailvaux 2016) 1858 Hemidipsas Günther (type species: Hemidipsas ocellata = Odontomus sub-annulatus Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril 1854) 1858 Leptorhytaon Günther (type species: Coluber jara Shaw 1802) 1858 Tetragonosoma Günther (type species: Lycodon effraenis Cantor 1847) 1860 Eumesodon Cope (type species: Dinodon semicarinatus Mell 1922; syn. Guo, Zhang, Liu, Li, Pyron Jiang & Burbrink 2013 [by implication]) 1860 Euprotodon Cope (type species: Coluber aulicus Linnaeus 1758) 1861 Lepidocephalus Hallowell (type species: Lepidocephalus fasciatus Hallowell 1860; syn. Guo, Zhang, Liu, Li, Pyron Jiang & Burbrink 2013 [by implication]) 1862 Hydrophobus Günther (type species: Hydrophobus semifasciatus Günther 1862) 1864 Nymphophidium Günther (type species: Nymphodidium maculatum Günther 1864) 1868 Tytleria Theobald (type species: Tytleria hypsirhinoides Theobald 1868) 1878 Ulupe Blanford (type species: Ulupe davisonii Blanford 1878) 1893 Anoplophallus Cope (type species: Lycodon subcinctus Boie 1827) 1900 Haplonodon Griffin (type species: Haplonodon philippinensis Griffin 1910; syn. Williams & Wallach 1989) 1900 Lepturophis Boulenger (type species: Lepturophis borneensis Boulenger 1900; syn. Figueroa, KcKelvy, Grismer, Bell & Lailvaux 2016) 1925 Adiastema Werner (type species: Adiastema cervinum Werner 1925; syn. Guo, Zhang, Liu, Li, Pyron Jiang & Burbrink 2013 [by implication]) Contents: 72 species, of which 40 (55.6%) are endemic. Endemism: 0% 100% Other common names: Dinodon: Big-toothed Snakes, Large-toothed Snakes, Odd-toothed Snakes, False Wolf Snakes Dryocalamus: Bridle Snakes, Bridal Snakes Remarks: Closely related to the genus Stegonotus. The taxonomic relationship between the two genera is unclear (Kaiser, Kaiser & O'Shea 2018). Distribution: Asia, Malay Archipelago. Reported from: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, China (Anhui, Beijing, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hong Kong [incl. Shek Kwu Chau Island], Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanghai, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tianjin, Tibet, Yunnan, Zhejiang), East Timor (incl. Atauro Island), India (Andaman & Nicobar Islands [Andaman Islands, Nicobar Islands], Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal), Indonesia (Adonara, Alor, Ambon, Babar Islands, Bali, Banyak Islands, Ambon, Banda Islands, Bawean Islands, Buru, Buton, Ende, Flores, Java, Kabaena, Kalao, Kalimantan, Karimunjawa Islands, Kisar, Komodo, Lembata, Lombok, Muna, Natuna Islands, Nias, Padar, Pantar, Penida, Riau Islands, Rinca, Rote, Savu, Selayar, Semau, Seram, Serua, Siberut, Simeulue, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Sumba, Sumbawa, West Timor, Wetar), Iran, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, Tsushima Islands, Izu Islands, Ryukyu Islands [Okinawa Islands, Sakishima Islands (incl. Miyako Islands, Yaeyama Islands), Satsunan Islands], Volcano Islands), Laos, Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak, West Malaysia [incl. Langkawi Archipelago, Penang Island, Seribuat Archipelago (incl. Tioman)]), Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Philippines (Babuyan Islands [Babuyan Claro, Balabac, Calayan, Camiguin Norte, Dalupiri], Bantayan, Batan Islands [Batan, Itbayat], Camiguin Sur, Carabao, Catanduanes, Cebu, Dinagat, Cuyo, Leyte, Luzon, Marinduque, Masbate, Mindanao, Mindoro, Negros, Palawan, Panay, Polillo, Samar, Sibuyan, Sulu Islands [Basilan], Tablas), Russia (incl. Kuril Islands), Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Vietnam (incl. Cat Ba Island). Lycodon albofuscus Slender Wolf Snake, Slender-tailed Wolf Snake Schlank-Wolfzahnnatter Sunda-ulvesnog 1854 Sphecodes albo-fuscus Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril Ophites albofuscus Günther 1858 Lycodon albofuscus Boulenger 1893 Lepturophis albofuscus David & Vogel 1996 1900 Lepturophis borneensis Boulenger (syn. Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014) Remarks: Previously assigned to a separate, monotypic genus, Lepturophis, by some authors, whereas others have included the species in Lycodon (e.g., Lanza 1999; Grismer & Aun 2008; Das 2010). This synonymization was supported by Figueroa, KcKelvy, Grismer, Bell & Lailvaux (2016). Das & Yaakob (2007) listed Lepturophis borneensis as a valid species. Distribution: Indonesia (Kalimantan, Nias, Sumatra), Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak, West Malaysia [incl. Seribuat Archipelago (incl. Tioman)]), Thailand. Lycodon alcalai Batan Wolf Snake, (Alcala's Wolf Snake) Batan-Wolfzahnnatter Batan-ulvesnog 1994 Lycodon alcalai Ota & Ross Remarks: Status of this species in Babuyan Claro and Camiguin Norte is unclear (Diesmos & Lorenzo 2022). Distribution: Philippines (Babuyan Islands [Babuyan Claro, Calayan, Camiguin Norte], Batan Islands [Batan, Sabtang]). Lycodon anakradaya Rhade Wolf Snake, (Broad-banded Song Giang Wolf Snake) Rhade-Wolfzahnnatter Rhade-ulvesnog 2022 Lycodon anakradaya Nguyen, Duong, Wood & Grismer Distribution: Vietnam. Lycodon aulicus Indian Wolf Snake, Common Wolf Snake, (White-spotted Wolf Snake, House Snake) Indische Wolfzahnnatter, Gewöhnliche Wolfzahnnatter Indisk Ulvesnog 1758 Coluber aulicus Linnaeus Lycodon aulicus Boie 1827 Ophites aulicus Wall 1921 1839 Lycodon subfuscus Cantor (syn. Smith 1943) 1909 Lycodon aulicus oligozonatus Wall (syn. Smith 1943) Remarks: Previously included anamallensis (now a synonym of fasciolatus). Previously considered conspecific with capucinus (see remarks under that species). Now considered restricted to South Asia (Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014; O'Shea, Kusuma & Kaiser 2018). A large number of records of aulicus outside this area are therefore almost certainly based on capucinus. This includes a single record from the Comoro Archipelago which is regarded as doubtful, but may have been introduced without having established a population (Hawlitschek, Bruckmann, Berger, Green & Glaw 2011, as aulicus). Introduced to: Mauritius, Reunion. Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, China (Yunnan), India (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal), Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. Lycodon banksi Khammouane Wolf Snake, (Banks' Wolf Snake) Khammouane-Wolfzahnnatter Khammouane-ulvesnog 2018 Lycodon banksi Luu, Bonkowski, Nguyen, Le, Calame & Ziegler Distribution: Laos. Lycodon bibonius Camiguin Norte Wolf Snake, (Crombie's Wolf Snake) Camiguin-Norte-Wolfzahnnatter Camiguin Norte-ulvesnog 1994 Lycodon bibonius Ota & Ross Distribution: Philippines (Babuyan Islands [Babuyan Claro, Camiguin Norte]). Lycodon bicolor Golden-spotted Wolf Snake, Golden Wolf Snake Goldene Wolfzahnnatter Gylden Ulvesnog 1903 Contia bicolor Nikolsky Lycodon striatus bicolor Terentjev & Chernov 1949 Lycodon bicolor Amarasinghe, Masroor, Lalremsanga, Weerakkody, Ananjeva, Campbell, Kennedy-Gold, Bandara, Bragin, Gayan, Sharma, Sayyed, Biakzuala, Kanishka, Ganesh, Ineich, Silva, Wickramasinghe, Seneviratne, Poyarkov, Vogel & Jablonski 2023 1906 Lycodon mackinnoni Wall (syn. Amarasinghe, Masroor, Lalremsanga, Weerakkody, Ananjeva, Campbell, Kennedy-Gold, Bandara, Bragin, Gayan, Sharma, Sayyed, Biakzuala, Kanishka, Ganesh, Ineich, Silva, Wickramasinghe, Seneviratne, Poyarkov, Vogel & Jablonski 2023) Ophites mackinnoni Wall 1923 1955 Lycodon striatus nordicus Deraniyagala (syn. Lanza 1999) Other common names: mackinnoni: Musoorie Wolf Snake, (Mackinnon's Wolf Snake) Remarks: Previously regarded as a subspecies of striatus (e.g., Terentjev & Chernov 1949). Revalidated by Amarasinghe, Masroor, Lalremsanga, Weerakkody, Ananjeva, Campbell, Kennedy-Gold, Bandara, Bragin, Gayan, Sharma, Sayyed, Biakzuala, Kanishka, Ganesh, Ineich, Silva, Wickramasinghe, Seneviratne, Poyarkov, Vogel & Jablonski (2023). Distribution: India (Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand), Iran, Nepal, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. Lycodon butleri Malaysian Mountain Wolf Snake, (Butler's Wolf Snake) Malaiische Gebirgs-Wolfzahnnatter Malaysisk Bjerg-ulvesnog 1900 Lycodon Butleri Boulenger Distribution: Malaysia (West Malaysia), Thailand. Lycodon capucinus Island Wolf Snake, Oriental House Snake, Asian House Snake, Indian Wolf Snake, (Common Asian Wolf Snake) Kapuzen-Wolfzahnnatter Kapuciner-ulvesnog 1827 Lycodon capucinus Boie Lycodon aulicus capucinus Boettger 1898 1827 Lycodon unicolor Boie (syn. Iskandar & Colijn 2001) Boaedon unicolor Duméril, Bibron & Duméril 1854 1839 Lycodon atropurpureus Cantor (syn. Iskandar & Colijn 2001) Remarks: Status uncertain (Siler, Oliveiros, Santanen & Brown 2013). Lanza (1999) did not consider existing evidence strong enough to separate capucinus from aulicus, however, he continued to treat them in separate accounts. Regarded also by some other authors as a subspecies or a synonym of aulicus (e.g., Smith 1943; Ota & Ross 1994; Jackson & Fritts 2004), but as a separate species by others (e.g., Taylor 1965; David & Vogel 1996; Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014; O'Shea, Kusuma & Kaiser 2018). The distributions of the two species apparently overlap in Myanmar, but the exact range limits are unclear (O'Shea, Kusuma & Kaiser 2018). Previously included hypsirhinoides (e.g., Iskandar & Colijn 2001) to which records of capucinus from the Andaman Islands refer (Vogel & Harikrishnan 2013). The Maldives population is provisionally assigned to capucinus herein, although it is unclear whether it could represent aulicus (O'Shea, Kusuma & Kaiser 2018). The species has also been listed for Gansu and Hunan (Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014). The first record is almost certainly an error or based on an introduction (O'Shea, Kusuma & Kaiser 2018), the second record is provisionally regarded as doubtful herein, since it is also quite far from the nearest records listed below. Not listed for China by Wang, Ren, Chen, Lyu, Guo, Jiang, Chen, Li, Guo, Wang & Che (2020). Philippine populations may have been introduced (Lanza 1999). Leviton, Siler, Weinell & Brown (2018) did not include Sibuyan in the distribution of the species. Presence in the Comoro Archipelago is regarded as doubtful, although a single museum specimen indicates that the species may have been introduced without having established a population (Hawlitschek, Bruckmann, Berger, Green & Glaw 2011, as aulicus). Records from the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius, Reunion) refer to aulicus (Vogel, Probst, Deso, Hawlitschek, Cole, Florens & Dubos 2021). Introduced to: Christmas Island, Micronesia (Pohnpei). Distribution: Cambodia, China (Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Hong Kong [incl. Shek Kwu Chau Island]; see remarks), East Timor (incl. Atauro Island), Indonesia (Adonara, Alor, Ambon, Babar Islands, Bali, Banda Islands, Bawean Islands, Buru, Buton, Ende, Flores, Java, Kabaena, Kalao, Karimunjawa Islands, Kisar, Komodo, Lembata, Lombok, Muna, Padar, Pantar, Penida, Rinca, Rote, Savu, Selayar, Semau, Seram, Serua, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Sumba, Sumbawa, West Timor, Wetar), Laos, Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak, West Malaysia [incl. Seribuat Archipelago], Maldives, Myanmar, Philippines (Bantayan, Camiguin Sur, Carabao, Cebu, Cuyo, Dinagat, Leyte, Luzon, Masbate, Mindanao, Mindoro, Negros, Palawan, Panay, Samar, Sibuyan, Sulu Islands, Tablas), Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam. Lycodon capucinus © Henrik Bringsøe Lycodon cardamomensis Cardamom Mountains Wolf Snake Cardamom-Wolfzahnnatter Cardamom-ulvesnog 2002 Lycodon cardamomensis Daltry & Wüster Distribution: Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam. Lycodon cardamomensis © Henrik Bringsøe Lycodon carinatus Sri Lanka Wolf Snake Srilankanische Wolfzahnnatter Srilankansk Ulvesnog 1820 Hurria carinata Kuhl Cercaspis carinata Günther 1864 Lycodon carinatus Boulenger 1890 Distribution: Sri Lanka. Lycodon carinatus © Henrik Bringsøe Lycodon cathaya Huaping Wolf Snake Huaping-Wolfzahnnatter Huaping-ulvesnog 2020 Lycodon cathaya Wang, Qi, Lyu, Zeng & Wang Distribution: China (Guangxi). Lycodon cavernicolus Cave Wolf Snake Höhlen-Wolfzahnnatter Hule-ulvesnog 2014 Lycodon cavernicolus Grismer, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Wood & Nor Distribution: Malaysia (West Malaysia). Lycodon chapaensis Namdong Wolf Snake Namdong-Wolfzahnnatter Namdong-ulvesnog 1933 Dinodon septentrionale chapaense Angel & Bourret Lycodon chapaensis Wang, Yu, Vogel & Che 2020 2019 Lycodon namdongensis Luu, Ziegler, Ha, Le & Hoang (syn. Wang, Yu, Vogel & Che 2020) Other common names: namdongensis: Thanh Hoa Wolf Snake Remarks: Previously regarded as a synonym of septentrionalis (e.g., Smith 1943). Revalidated as a separate species by Wang, Yu, Vogel & Che (2020). Distribution: Cambodia, China (Sichuan, Yunnan), Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam. Lycodon chithrasekarai Sri Lankan Bridle Snake Srilankanische Zügelnatter Srilankansk Tøjlesnog 2020 Dryocalamus chithrasekarai Wickramasinghe, Vidanapathirana, Pushpamal & Wickramasinghe Lycodon chithrasekarai Midtgaard 2020 (this work) Distribution: Sri Lanka. Lycodon chrysoprateros Dalupiri Wolf Snake, (Ross's Wolf Snake) Dalupiri-Wolfzahnnatter Dalupiri-ulvesnog 1994 Lycodon chrysoprateros Ota & Ross Remarks: Possibly a synonym of alcalai (Leviton, Siler, Weinell & Brown 2018). Records from Camiguin Norte need confirmation (Diesmos, Lorenzo & Prado 2022). Taxonomic status of populations on Calayan and Babuyan Claro are unresolved (Leviton, Siler, Weinell & Brown 2018). Distribution: Philippines (Babuyan Islands: Dalupiri). Lycodon davidi Vientiane Wolf Snake, (David's Wolf Snake) Vientiane-Wolfzahnnatter Vientiane-ulvesnog 2012 Lycodon davidi Vogel, Nguyen, Kingsada & Ziegler Distribution: Laos. Lycodon davisonii Burmese Bridle Snake, (Blanford's Bridal Snake, Common Bridal Snake) Burmesische Zügelnatter Burmesisk Tøjlesnog 1878 Ulupe davisonii Blanford Hydrophobus davisonii Boulenger 1890 Dryocalamus davisonii Boulenger 1893 Lycodon davisonii Figueroa, KcKelvy, Grismer, Bell & Lailvaux 2016 Remarks: Listed for China by Bain & Hurley (2011), but no other records have been found to verify this. Distribution: Bhutan, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam. Lycodon davisonii © Henrik Bringsøe Lycodon deccanensis Deccan Wolf Snake Dekkan-Wolfzahnnatter Deccan-ulvesnog 2020 Lycodon deccanensis Ganesh, Deuti, Punith, Achyuthan, Mallik, Adhikari & Vogel Remarks: Previously regarded as a population of travancoricus. Now restricted to the type locality in Karnataka. Records from Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu were based on misidentifications (Kalki, Gowda, Agnivamshi, Singh, Patel & Mirza 2020). Distribution: India (Karnataka). Lycodon dumerilii Mindanao Wolf Snake, (Dumeril's Wolf Snake) Mindanao-Wolfzahnnatter Mindanao-ulvesnog 1858 Lycodon mülleri Günther [not Lycodon mülleri Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril 1854] 1893 Stegonotus dumerilii Boulenger Lycodon dumerilii Leviton 1965 1922 Dryocalamus mccroryi Taylor (syn. Leviton 1962) Dryocalamus mccroryae Michels & Bauer 2004 [justified emendation] Distribution: Philippines (Dinagat, Mindanao, Samar, Sulu Islands [Basilan]). Lycodon effraenis Scarce Wolf Snake, Brown Wolf Snake Braune Wolfzahnnatter Brun Ulvesnog 1847 Lycodon effraenis Cantor Tetragonosoma effrene Günther 1864 Distribution: Brunei, Indonesia (Kalimantan, Sumatra), Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak, West Malaysia [incl. Penang Island, Seribuat Archipelago (incl. Tioman)]), Thailand. Lycodon fasciatus Yellow-banded Wolf Snake, Indian Banded Wolf Snake, (Anderson's Wolf Snake, Banded Wolf Snake) Gelbbändige Wolfzahnnatter Gulbåndet Ulvesnog 1879 Ophites fasciatus Anderson Lycodon fasciatus Boulenger 1890 1922 Dinodon yunnanensis Werner (syn. Zhao & Adler 1993) Remarks: Previously confused with gammiei (e.g., Wall 1911). Validity as a separate species confirmed by Mistry, Vogel & Tillack (2007), although recognized also by other, previous works. Records from Guangdong and Hunan refer to liuchengchaoi (Wang, Yu, Vogel & Che 2020). Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, China (Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal), Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam. Lycodon fasciatus © Henrik Bringsøe Lycodon fasciolatus Anaimalai Wolf Snake, Flowered Wolf Snake Anaimalai-Wolfzahnnatter Anaimalai-ulvesnog 1802 Coluber fasciolatus Shaw Zamenis fasciolatus Günther 1864 Argyrogena fasciolata Wilson 1967 Lycodon fasciolatus Deepak, Narayanan, Mohapatra, Dutta, Melvinselvan, Khan, Mahlow & Tillack 2021 1803 Coluber hebe Daudin (syn. Deepak, Narayanan, Mohapatra, Dutta, Melvinselvan, Khan, Mahlow & Tillack 2021) Natrix hebe Merrem 1820 Lycodon hebe Boie 1826 1864 Lycodon anamallensis Günther (syn. Deepak, Narayanan, Mohapatra, Dutta, Melvinselvan, Khan, Mahlow & Tillack 2021) 1950 Lycodon osmanhilli Taylor (syn. Deepak, Narayanan, Mohapatra, Dutta, Melvinselvan, Khan, Mahlow & Tillack 2021) Lycodon aulicus osmanhilli Schleich & Kästle (eds.) 2002 Other common names: osmanhilli: Flowered Wolf Snake Remarks: For many years, the name fasciolatus was associated with the species now referred to as Platyceps plinii. However, Deepak, Narayanan, Mohapatra, Dutta, Melvinselvan, Khan, Mahlow & Tillack (2021) showed that the name is identical with the species until then known as Lycodon anamallensis. Being an older name, fasciolatus has nomenclatural priority over anamallensis, and the authors therefore changed the name of the species to its current name, Lycodon fasciolatus. Before that, anamallensis had been regarded as a synonym of aulicus for many years, until it was revalidated as a separate species by Ganesh & Vogel (2018). Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Telangana), Sri Lanka. Lycodon fausti Panay Wolf Snake, (Faust's Wolf Snake) Panay-Wolfzahnnatter Panay-ulvesnog 2002 Lycodon fausti Gaulke Distribution: Philippines (Panay). Lycodon ferroni Samar Wolf Snake, (Ferron's Wolf Snake) Samar-Wolfzahnnatter Samar-ulvesnog 1999 Lycodon ferroni Lanza Distribution: Philippines (Leyte, Samar). Lycodon flavicollis Yellow-collared Wolf Snake Halsband-Wolfzahnnatter Halsbånd-ulvesnog 2007 Lycodon flavicollis Mukherjee & Bhupathy Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana). Lycodon flavomaculatus Yellow-spotted Wolf Snake Gelbfleckige Wolfzahnnatter Gulplettet Ulvesnog 1907 Lycodon flavomaculatus Wall Ophites flavomaculatus Wall 1923 Remarks: Mukherjee & Bhupathy (2007) suggested that some previous records of flavomaculatus may refer to flavicollis (e.g., Murthy 1991). Distribution: India (Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Telangana). Lycodon flavozonatus Yellow Big-toothed Snake Gelbe Wolfzahnnatter Gul Ulvesnog 1922 Dinodon semicarinatus Mell (not Eumesodon semicarinatus Cope 1860) 1928 Dinodon flavozonatum Pope Lycodon flavozonatum Guo, Zhang, Liu, Li, Pyron Jiang & Burbrink 2013 Distribution: China (Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang), Myanmar. Lycodon futsingensis Fujian Wolf Snake Fujian-Wolfzahnnatter Fujian-ulvesnog 1928 Dinodon futsingensis Pope Lycodon futsingensis Vogel, David, Pauwels, Sumontha, Norval, Hendrix, Vu & Ziegler 2009 Remarks: Previously regarded as a synonym of ruhstrati (e.g., Zhao & Adler 1993). Revalidated by Vogel, David, Pauwels, Sumontha, Norval, Hendrix, Vu & Ziegler (2009). Exact distribution remains unclear, as many literature records cannot with certainty be assigned to futsingensis or ruhstrati abditus (Vogel, David, Pauwels, Sumontha, Norval, Hendrix, Vu & Ziegler 2009). Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Hong Kong), Laos, Vietnam. Lycodon gammiei Sikkim Wolf Snake, Sikkim False Wolf Snake Sikkim-Wolfzahnnatter Sikkim-ulvesnog 1878 Ophites gammiei Blanford Lycodon gammiei Boulenger 1890 Dinodon gammiei Wall 1923 Remarks: Previously confused with fasciatus (e.g., Wall 1911). Validity as a separate species confirmed by Mistry, Vogel & Tillack (2007), although recognized also by other, previous works. Based on confusion regarding the type locality ("Cinchona Plantations, British Sikkim", later corrected to "Darjeeling"), gammiei has frequently been listed for Sikkim (e.g., Smith 1943; Murthy 1985; Sanyal, Sur & Gayen 2006), although the type locality is in Darjeeling, West Bengal. Mistry, Vogel & Tillack (2007) pointed out that there was no documented record from Sikkim, but later, Chettri & Bhupathy (2009) provided the first vouchered record from the state. Not listed for China by Wang, Ren, Chen, Lyu, Guo, Jiang, Chen, Li, Guo, Wang & Che (2020). Distribution: Bhutan, China (Tibet), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, West Bengal). Lycodon gibsonae Khorat Wolf Snake, (Gibson's Wolf Snake) Khorat-Wolfzahnnatter Khorat-ulvesnog 2019 Lycodon gibsonae Vogel & David Distribution: Thailand. Lycodon gongshan Gaoligong Mountains Wolf Snake Gaoligong-Wolfzahnnatter Gaoligong-ulvesnog 2011 Lycodon gongshan Vogel & Luo Distribution: China (Tibet, Yunnan). Lycodon gracilis Slender Bridle Snake, Scarce Bridal Snake, (Günther's Bridal Snake) Grazile Zügelnatter Slank Tøjlesnog 1864 Odontomus gracilis Günther Hydrophobus gracilis Boulenger 1890 Dryocalamus gracilis Boulenger 1893 Lycodon gracilis Figueroa, KcKelvy, Grismer, Bell & Lailvaux 2016 Remarks: The only confirmed record from Sri Lanka is a specimen collected in 1888 in Haly, Jaffna. A recent Sri Lankan record from Ambanpola in Kununegala (O'Shea and Silva 2003) has been re-examined and found to represent Lycodon nympha (Somaweera 2006). Other recent Sri Lankan records, based on several road-killed specimens collected from Dambulla (Silva and Velarathne 2005) are considered doubtful and are in need of confirmation (Mohapatra, Achyuthan, Srinivasulu, Ganesh & Wickramasinghe 2021). A record from False Island, Myanmar (Smith 1943), probably represents a misidentification given the location of this island (Mohapatra, Achyuthan, Srinivasulu, Ganesh & Wickramasinghe 2021). Not mentioned for Kerala by Palot (2015). Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Odisha, Tamil Nadu), Sri Lanka. Lycodon hypsirhinoides Andaman Wolf Snake Andamanische Wolfzahnnatter Andamansk Ulvesnog 1868 Tytleria hypsirhinoides Theobald Lycodon hypsirhinoides Vogel & Harikrishnan 2013 Remarks: Previously regarded as a synonym of capucinus (e.g., Iskandar & Colijn 2001). Revalidated as a separate species by Vogel & Harikrishnan (2013). Distribution: India (Andaman Islands). Lycodon jara Twin-spotted Wolf Snake, Yellow-striped Wolf Snake, Yellow-speckled Wolf Snake Doppelpunkt-Wolfzahnnatter Gulspættet Ulvesnog 1802 Coluber jara Shaw Leptorhytaon jara Günther 1864 Lycodon jara Stoliczka 1871 Ophites jara Wall 1923 1839 Coluber bipunctatus Cantor (syn. Smith 1943) 2014 Lycodon odishii Mallik, Parida, Mohanty, Mallik, Purohit, Mohanty, Nanda, Sindura, Purohit, Mishra & Sahoo (syn. Chaudhuri, Sharma & Purkayastha 2015) Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Haryana, Jharkhand, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal), Myanmar, Nepal. Lycodon kundui Burmese Wolf Snake, (Kundu's Wolf Snake) Burmesische Wolfzahnnatter Burmesisk Ulvesnog 1943 Lycodon kundui Smith Remarks: The species is known only from the single juvenile type specimen collected at Gyobyu, Taikkyi Township, Pegu (=Bago) District, Myanmar (Smith 1943). This area has been intensively surveyed, but the species has not been recovered (Wogan 2012). Distribution: Myanmar. Lycodon laoensis Laotian Wolf Snake, Indochinese Wolf Snake Laotische Wolfzahnnatter Laotisk Ulvesnog 1864 Lycodon laoensis Günther Ophites laoensis Zhao & Adler 1993 Distribution: Cambodia, China (Guangxi, Yunnan), India (Arunachal Pradesh), Laos, Malaysia (West Malaysia), Thailand, Vietnam. Lycodon laoensis © Henrik Bringsøe Lycodon liuchengchaoi Tangjiahe Wolf Snake Tangjiahe-Wolfzahnnatter Tangjiahe-ulvesnog 2011 Lycodon liuchengchaoi Zhang, Jiang, Vogel & Rao Distribution: China (Anhui, Guangdong, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan). Lycodon meridionalis Vietnamese Big-toothed Snake, Southern Big-toothed Snake Vietnamesische Wolfzahnnatter Vietnamesisk Ulvesnog 1935 Dinodon rufozonatum meridionale Bourret Dinodon meridionale Orlov & Ryabov 2004 Lycodon meridionale Guo, Zhang, Liu, Li, Pyron Jiang & Burbrink 2013 Remarks: Previously regarded as a synonym of flavozonatus (e.g., Smith 1943). Revalidated as a separate species by Orlov & Ryabov (2004). Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan), Laos, Vietnam (incl. Cat Ba Island). Lycodon muelleri Luzon Wolf Snake, (Müller's Wolf Snake) Luzon-Wolfzahnnatter Luzon-ulvesnog 1854 Lycodon mülleri Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril Odontomus mülleri Boettger 1886 1898 Stegonotus dumerili Boettger 1898 [not Stegonotus dumerilii Boulenger 1893] 1910 Haplonodon philippinensis Griffin 1910 (syn. Leviton 1965) Distribution: Philippines (Batan Islands [Batan, Itbayat], Catanduanes, Luzon, Marinduque, Mindoro, Polillo). Lycodon multifasciatus Ryukyu Mountain Wolf Snake, Sakishima Plum Blossom Snake Vielbändige Wolfzahnnatter Mangebåndet Ulvesnog 1931 Dinodon septentrionale multifasciatum Maki Lycodon ruhstrati multifasciatus Mori 1984 Lycodon multifasciatus Vogel & Brachtel 2008 Remarks: Previously regarded as a subspecies of ruhstrahti (e.g., Goris & Maeda 2004; Nguyen, Ho & Nguyen 2009). Raised to species status by Vogel & Brachtel (2008). Validity confirmed by Vogel, David, Pauwels, Sumontha, Norval, Hendrix, Vu & Ziegler (2009). Distribution: Japan (Ryukyu Islands: Sakishima Islands [Miyako Islands, Yaeyama Islands]). Lycodon multizonatus Luding Wolf Snake, (Luding Kukri Snake) Luding-Wolfzahnnatter Luding-ulvesnog 1981 Oligodon multizonatum Zhao & Jiang Lycodon multizonatum Lei, Sun, Jiang, Vogel, Booth & Ding 2014 Remarks: Not mentioned by Zhang, Jang, Li, Hou & Rao (2011). Distribution: China (Chongqing, Gansu, Sichuan). Lycodon neomaculatus Indochinese Banded Wolf Snake Indochinesische Wolfzahnnatter Indokinesisk Båndet Ulvesnog 2024 Lycodon neomaculatus Nguyen, Lee, Pauwels, Kennedy-Gold, Poyarkov, David & Vogel Remarks: Formerly regarded as a synonym of or a subspecies of subcinctus, under the name maculatus (e.g., Stejneger 1926; Lanza 1999; Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014). Revalidated as a separate species by Liu, Hou, Cai, Li, Zhang, Yu, Rao & Zhang (2023) (as maculatus). The name maculatus is now considered an unavailable name (Nguyen, Lee, Pauwels, Kennedy-Gold, Poyarkov, David & Vogel 2024). Distribution: Cambodia, China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hong Kong, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan), Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam. Lycodon nympha Vellore Bridle Snake, (Common Bridal Snake) Nymphen-Zügelnatter Nymfetøjlesnog 1803 Coluber nympha Daudin Odontomus nympha Günther 1964 Hydrophobus nympha Boulenger 1890 Dryocalamus nympha Boulenger 1893 Lycodon nympha Figueroa, KcKelvy, Grismer, Bell & Lailvaux 2016 1862 Hydrophobus semifasciatus Günther (Smith 1943) Odontomus semifasciatus Günther 1964 1887 Dryocalamus nympha ceylonensis Müller (Smith 1943) 1888 Odontomus fergusonii Haly (syn. Wickramasinghe, Vidanapathirana, Pushpamal & Wickramasinghe 2020) 1924 Cochliophagus isolepis Müller (syn. Kucharzewski & Tillack 2008) Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Telangana), Sri Lanka. Lycodon obvelatus Panzhihua Wolf Snake, Recluse Wolf Snake Panzhihua-Wolfzahnnatter Panzhihua-ulvesnog 2020 Lycodon obvelatus Wang, Yu, Vogel & Che Distribution: China (Sichuan). Lycodon ophiophagus Snake-eater Wolf Snake Schlangenfressende Wolfzahnnatter Slangeædende Ulvesnog 2009 Lycodon ophiophagus Vogel, David, Pauwels, Sumontha, Norval, Hendrix, Vu & Ziegler Remarks: This species was previously regarded as a population of ruhstrati. Distribution: Thailand. Lycodon orientalis East Asian Wolf Snake, Eastern False Wolf Snake, White-banded Snake, Oriental Big-toothed Snake, Shiromadara Ostasiatische Wolfzahnnatter Østasiatisk Ulvesnog 1880 Ophites orientalis Hilgendorf Dinodon orientale Stejneger 1907 Lycodon orientalis Guo, Zhang, Liu, Li, Pyron Jiang & Burbrink 2013 1880 Ophites japonicus Günther (syn. Stejneger 1907) Dinodon japonicus Boulenger 1893 Distribution: Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, Izu Islands, Ryukyu Islands [Satsunan Islands], Volcano Islands), Russia (Kuril Islands). Lycodon paucifasciatus Annam Wolf Snake, (Rendahl's Wolf Snake) Annam-Wolfzahnnatter Annam-ulvesnog 1943 Lycodon paucifasciatus Rendahl in Smith Distribution: Vietnam. Lycodon philippinus Philippine Bridle Snake Philippinische Zügelnatter Filippinsk Tøjlesnog 1909 Dryocalamus philippinus Griffin Lycodon philippinus Figueroa, KcKelvy, Grismer, Bell & Lailvaux 2016 Remarks: Considered a synonym of tristrigatus by Leviton (1959), followed by Brown & Alcala (1970) and Alcala (1986), who only mentioned tristrigatus as part of the Philippine snake fauna. Also listed (with a question mark) as a synonym of tristrigatus by Iskandar & Colijn (2001). Listed as a valid species by Leviton, Siler, Weinell & Brown (2018), although noting that the question of conspecifity remains unresolved. Also listed as a valid species by the Reptile Database (viewed 25th December 2023). Distribution: Philippines (Balabac, Palawan). Lycodon pictus Painted Wolf Snake Gemalte Wolfzahnnatter Malet Ulvesnog 2019 Lycodon pictus Janssen, Pham, Ngo, Le, Nguyen & Ziegler Distribution: China (Guangxi), Vietnam. Lycodon rosozonatus Rosy-banded Big-toothed Snake, Rose Big-toothed Snake, Pink Big-toothed Snake Rosenbändige Wolfzahnnatter Rosenbåndet Ulvesnog 1972 Dinodon rosozonatum Hu & Zhao Lycodon rosozonatus Guo, Zhang, Liu, Li, Pyron Jiang & Burbrink 2013 Distribution: China (Hainan), Vietnam. Lycodon rufozonatus Red-banded Big-toothed Snake, Red Big-toothed Snake, Red-banded Snake, Red-banded Odd-tooth Snake, Chinese Red-banded Snake, Banded Red Snake, Sakishima King Snake, Asian King Snake, Akamadara Rot-Schwarze Wolfzahnnatter Rødbåndet Ulvesnog 1842 Lycodon rufo-zonatus Cantor Dinodon rufozonatus Peters 1881 1853 Dinodon cancellatum Duméril (syn. Zhao & Adler 1993) 1856 Coronella striata Hallowell (syn. Zhao & Adler 1993) 1885 Dinodon rufozonatus formosana Boettger (syn. Zhao & Adler 1993) 1907 Dinodon rufozonatum walli Stejneger 1925 Adiastema cervinum Werner (syn. Iskandar & Colijn 2001) 1925 Dinodon rufozonatum williamsi Schmidt (syn. Zhao & Adler 1993) 1931 Dinodon rufozonatum yunnanense Mell (syn. Zhao & Adler 1993) Other common names: walli: Sakishima Banded Snake Remarks: Records from Laos (e.g., Deuve 1970) refer to meridionalis (Orlov & Ryabov 2004). Included for Russia based on a number of sources (e.g., Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989; Maslov & Kotlobay 1998; Szczerbak 2003; Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006), although Zhao & Adler (1993) claim that presence in Russia is unconfirmed. Distribution: China (Anhui, Beijing, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong [incl. Nan Ao Island], Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanghai, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tianjin, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Japan (Tsushima Islands, Ryukyu Islands [Sakishima Islands (Miyako Islands, Yaeyama Islands)]), North Korea, Russia, South Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam. Lycodon ruhstrati Taiwanese Wolf Snake, Mountain Wolf Snake, Formosa Wolf Snake, (Ruhstrat's Wolf Snake) Taiwanische Wolfzahnnatter Taiwansk Ulvesnog 1886 Ophites ruhstrati Fischer Dinodon septentrionale ruhstrati Boulenger 1899 Dinodon ruhstrati Pope 1929 Lycodon ruhstrati Pope 1935 2009 Lycodon ruhstrati abditus Vogel, David, Pauwels, Sumontha, Norval, Hendrix, Vu & Ziegler Remarks: Previously included futsingensis and multifasciatus, and populations now assigned to ophiophagus. Exact distribution remains unclear, as many literature records cannot with certainty be assigned to futsingensis or ruhstrati abditus (Vogel, David, Pauwels, Sumontha, Norval, Hendrix, Vu & Ziegler 2009). Records from Laos (e.g., Nguyen, Ho & Nguyen 2009) refer to fasciatus (Teynié & David 2010). Records from Yunnan refer to chapaensis or gongshan (Wang, Yu, Vogel & Che 2020). Records from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, refer to multifasciatus (Vogel & Brachtel 2008). Distribution: China (Anhui, Beijing, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang), Laos, Taiwan, Vietnam. Lycodon sealei Palawan Wolf Snake, (Seale's Banded Asian Wolf Snake) Palawan-Wolfzahnnatter Palawan-ulvesnog 1955 Lycodon subcinctus sealei Leviton Lycodon sealei Leviton, Siler, Weinell & Brown 2018 Remarks: Previously regarded as a subspecies of subcinctus. Treated as a separate species by Leviton, Siler, Weinell & Brown (2018). Validity confirmed by Nguyen, Lee, Pauwels, Kennedy-Gold, Poyarkov, David & Vogel (2024). Kim & Schoppe (2023) claimed that the species is endemic to Palawan, Philippines, as opposed to other authors (e.g., Iskandar & Colijn 2001; Lanza 1999; Leviton 1965; Malkmus, Manthey, Vogel, Hoffmann & Kosuch 2002). Nguyen, Lee, Pauwels, Kennedy-Gold, Poyarkov, David & Vogel (2024) confirmed that records of subcinctus from Borneo refer to sealei. Presence in Mindanao, Philippines, needs confirmation (Nguyen, Lee, Pauwels, Kennedy-Gold, Poyarkov, David & Vogel 2024). Distribution: Brunei, Indonesia (Kalimantan), Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak), Philippines (Palawan). Lycodon semicarinatus Tricolored Banded Snake Dreifarbige Wolfzahnnatter Trefarvet Ulvesnog 1860 Eumesodon semicarinatus Cope Dinodon semicarinatum Boulenger 1892 Lycodon semicarinatus Guo, Zhang, Liu, Li, Pyron Jiang & Burbrink 2013 1860 Lepidocephalus fasciatus Hallowell (syn. Stejneger 1907) Distribution: Japan (Ryukyu Islands [Okinawa Islands, Satsunan Islands]). Lycodon septentrionalis Northern Big-toothed Snake, White-banded Wolf Snake, Northern Large-toothed Snake, Hill Wolf Snake, (Günther's False Wolf Snake) Nördliche Wolfzahnnatter Nordlig Ulvesnog 1875 Ophites septentrionalis Günther Lycodon septentrionalis Boulenger 1890 Dinodon septentrionalis Boulenger 1893 Remarks: Previously included chapaensis. Records from Sichuan and Yunnan, China, as well as Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam refer to chapaensis (David, Teynié & Vogel 2023). Also records from Myanmar are herein referred to chapaensis, although septentrionalis may occur in the western part of the country (David, Teynié & Vogel 2023). Records from Japan (Riu Kiu Islands) and Taiwan are based on misidentified ruhstrahti (Ota 1988; Zhao & Adler 1993; Nguyen, Ho & Nguyen 2009). Although this species was reported from Jammu & Kashmir by Sahi & Duda (1985), it was not listed in a subsequent work by the same authors (Sahi & Duda 1996). It is unclear whether the authors intentionally removed the species from the state list in their latter work, but since the closest records are in NE. India, its presence in the state is here regarded as doubtful. Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, China (Tibet), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, West Bengal). Lycodon serratus Serrate-banded Wolf Snake, Deqin-Wolfzahnnatter Deqin-ulvesnog 2020 Lycodon serratus Wang, Yu, Vogel & Che Distribution: China (Yunnan). Lycodon sidiki Aceh Wolf Snake Aceh-Wolfzahnnatter Aceh-ulvesnog 2017 Lycodon sidiki Wostl, Hamidy, Kurniawan & Smith Distribution: Indonesia (Sumatra). Lycodon solivagus Pale-banded Wolf Snake, Northern Luzon Wolf Snake Hellbändige Wolfzahnnatter Lysbåndet Ulvesnog 1994 Lycodon solivagus Ota & Ross Distribution: Philippines (Luzon). Lycodon stormi Sulawesi Wolf Snake Sulawesi-Wolfzahnnatter Sulawesi-ulvesnog 1892 Lycodon stormi Boettger Distribution: Indonesia (Sulawesi). Lycodon striatus Striped Wolf Snake, Barred Wolf Snake, (Shaw's Wolf Snake, White-spotted Wolf Snake), (subsp. striatus: Northern Barred Wolf Snake, Northern Wolf Snake, Indus Valley Wolf Snake) Gestreifte Wolfzahnnatter Stribet Ulvesnog 1802 Coluber striatus Shaw Lycodon striatus Stoliczka 1870 Ophites striatus Wall 1921 1803 Coluber galathea Daudin (syn. Smith 1943) 1803 Coluber malignus Daudin (syn. Smith 1943) 1854 Lycodon napei Duméril & Bibron (status uncertain; Smith 1943) 1955 Lycodon striatus sinhaleyus Deraniyagala Remarks: Previously included bicolor. Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Goa, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal), Sri Lanka. Lycodon subannulatus Malayan Bridle Snake, Half-banded Bridled Snake, Saddle-backed Dwarf Tree Snake Gebänderte Zügelnatter Malayisk Tøjlesnog 1854 Odontomus sub-annulatus Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril Nymphophidium subannulatum Blanford 1881 Hydrophobus subannulatus Boulenger 1890 Dryocalamus subannulatus Boulenger 1893 Lycodon subannulatus Figueroa, KcKelvy, Grismer, Bell & Lailvaux 2016 1864 Nymphodidium maculatum Günther (syn. Iskandar & Colijn 2001) 1986 Dryocalamus davisonii tungsongensis Nutphand (syn. Pauwels, David & Chan-ard 2006) Remarks: Reported from Siberut by Haas (1950), but Dring, McCarthy & Whitten (1990) were unable to find any sources supporting this record. Leviton, Siler, Weinell & Brown (2018) did not include Palawan in the distribution of the species. Distribution: Brunei, Indonesia (Banyak Islands, Java, Kalimantan, Riau Islands, Siberut, Sumatra), Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak, West Malaysia [incl. Langkawi Archipelago, Seribuat Archipelago (incl. Tioman)]), Myanmar, Philippines (Palawan), Singapore, Thailand. Lycodon subcinctus Malayan Banded Wolf Snake, White-banded Wolf Snake Gebänderte Wolfzahnnatter Malaysisk Båndet Ulvesnog 1827 Lycodon subcinctus Boie Ophites subcinctus Wagler 1830 1884 Elapoidis annulatus Sauvage (syn. Smith 1943) 1986 Lycodon suratensis Nutphand (syn. Pauwels, David & Chan-ard 2006) Remarks: Previously included sealei and the species formerly referred to as maculatus (now neomaculatus). Records from Borneo refer to sealei (Nguyen, Lee, Pauwels, Kennedy-Gold, Poyarkov, David & Vogel 2024). Records from South East Asia north of the Isthmus of Kra (Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, N. & C. Thailand, Vietnam) refer to neomaculatus (Nguyen, Lee, Pauwels, Kennedy-Gold, Poyarkov, David & Vogel 2024). Distribution: Brunei, Cambodia, China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hong Kong, Yunnan), East Timor, India (Nicobar Islands), Indonesia (Alor, Bali, Flores, Java, Kalimantan, Lembata, Lombok, Nias, Pantar, Penida, Siberut, Simeulue, Sumatra, Sumba, Sumbawa, West Timor), Laos, Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak, West Malaysia), Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam. Lycodon subcinctus © Henrik Bringsøe Lycodon synaptor Dongchuan Wolf Snake, (Böhme's Wolf Snake) Dongchuan-Wolfzahnnatter Dongchuan-ulvesnog 2010 Lycodon synaptor Vogel & David Distribution: China (Yunnan). Lycodon tessellatus Manila Wolf Snake Manila-Wolfzahnnatter Manila-ulvesnog 1863 Lycodon tessellatus Jan Ophites tessellatus Griffin 1911 Remarks: Known from only the 1846 type specimen said to have come from Manila, Luzon, Philippines. Possibly a synonym of capucinus (Leviton, Siler, Weinell & Brown 2018). It is possible that the species was not collected from the Philippines, but was brought to the country and mistakenly tagged as collected in Manila (Brown & Diesmos 2009). Distribution: Philippines (Luzon). Lycodon tiwarii Nicobar Wolf Snake, (Tiwari's Wolf Snake) Nicobarische Wolfzahnnatter Nicobarisk Ulvesnog 1965 Lycodon tiwarii Biswas & Sanyal Remarks: Presence in the Andaman Islands needs confirmation. Although the type locality is in the Andamans, there has been no records of this species from these islands since its original description (Harikrishnan, Vasudevan & Choudhury 2010; Gokulakrishnan, Sivaperuman & Chandramouli 2020). Distribution: India (Andaman & Nicobar Islands: Nicobar Islands). Lycodon travancoricus Travancore Wolf Snake, South Indian Wolf Snake, (Beddome's Wolf Snake) Travancore-Wolfzahnnatter Travancore-ulvesnog 1870 Cercaspis travancoricus Beddome Lycodon travancoricus Boulenger 1890 Ophites travancoricus Wall 1923 Lycodon aulicus travancoricus Constable 1940 Remarks: Previously included the population now assigned to deccanensis. Now considered endemic to India, restricted to the Western Ghats and the southern Eastern Ghats. Records from Andhra Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, and Odisha refer to other species (Ganesh, Amarasinghe & Vogel 2020; Ganesh, Deuti, Punith, Achyuthan, Mallik, Adhikari & Vogel 2020). Presence in Gujarat needs confirmation (Patel & Vyas 2019). There is only a single record from Pakistan which is regarded as erroneous (Ganesh, Amarasinghe & Vogel 2020). Introduced to: India (Lakshadweep). Distribution: India (Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu). Lycodon tristrigatus Three-banded Bridle Snake, Striped Dwarf Tree Snake Dreistreifen-Zügelnatter Trestribet Tøjlesnog 1858 Dryocalamus tristrigatus Günther Lycodon tristrigatus Figueroa, KcKelvy, Grismer, Bell & Lailvaux 2016 Remarks: See under philippinus. Records from the Philippines are herein assigned to philippinus. Distribution: Brunei, Indonesia (Kalimantan, Natuna Islands), Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak). Lycodon truongi Narrow-banded Song Giang Wolf Snake, (Truong's Wolf Snake) Schmalgebänderte Song-Giang-Wolfzahnnatter Smalbåndet Song Giang-ulvesnog 2022 Lycodon truongi Nguyen, Duong, Wood & Grismer Distribution: Vietnam. Lycodon zawi Sagaing Wolf Snake, (Zaw's Wolf Snake) Sagaing-Wolfzahnnatter Sagaing-ulvesnog 2001 Lycodon zawi Slowinski, Pawar, Win, Thin, Tun, Gyi, Oo & Tun Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Tripura, West Bengal), Myanmar. Lycodon zayuensis Zayu Wolf Snake Zayu-Wolfzahnnatter Zayu-ulvesnog 2020 Lycodon zayuensis Jiang, Wang, Jin & Che in Che, Jiang, Yan & Zhang (eds.) Distribution: China (Tibet, Yunnan). Lycodon zoosvictoriae Phnom Samkos Wolf Snake Phnom-Samkos-Wolfzahnnatter Phnom Samkos-ulvesnog 2014 Lycodon zoosvictoriae Neang, Hartmann, Hun, Souter & Furey Distribution: Cambodia.