Reptiles of Kerala [India] Related checklists:  India Bibliography of the reptiles of Kerala Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Kerala Introduced species

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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial. Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:

	Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Crocodylidae (Crocodiles) Genus Crocodylus (Typical Crocodiles)   Crocodylus palustris Mugger Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot 2015 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Whitaker & Andrews 2003   EX Crocodylus porosus Saltwater Crocodile Daniel 1983 Palot 2015 Vos 1984

	Lizards (Sauria)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Agamidae (Agamas and Dragons) Genus Agasthyagama (Indian Kangaroo Agama)   Agasthyagama beddomii Indian Kangaroo Agama Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1987 Manthey 2010 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015 Genus Calotes (South Asian Forest Agamas)   Calotes calotes Southern Green Tree Agama Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Daniel 1983 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Gowande, Pal, Jablonski, Masroor, Phansalkar, Dsouza, Jayarajan & Shanker 2021 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1985 Murthy 1986 Pal, Vijayakumar, Shanker, Jayarajan & Deepak 2018 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   Calotes grandisquamis Large-scaled Forest Agama Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Manthey 2008 Murthy 1985 Pal, Vijayakumar, Shanker, Jayarajan & Deepak 2018 Palot 2015 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   Calotes nemoricola Nilgiri Forest Agama Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Karthikeyan, Athreya & Prasad 1993 Pal, Vijayakumar, Shanker, Jayarajan & Deepak 2018 Palot 2015 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   Calotes versicolor South Indian Crested Agama Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 John & Nadakal 1985 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1986 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Genus Draco (Gliding Dragons)   Draco dussumieri South Indian Gliding Dragon Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Daniel 1983 Das & Whitaker 1990 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 John 1970 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1985 Murthy 1986 Musters 1983 Palot 2015 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Tikader & Sharma 1992 Genus Microauris (Orange-lipped Forest Agama)   Microauris aurantolabium Orange-lipped Forest Agama Pal, Vijayakumar, Shanker, Jayarajan & Deepak 2018 Genus Monilesaurus (Necklace Forest Agamas)   * Monilesaurus acanthocephalus Spiny-headed Forest Agama Pal, Vijayakumar, Shanker, Jayarajan & Deepak 2018   Monilesaurus elliotti White-spotted Tree Agama Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Manthey 2008 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1986 Pal, Vijayakumar, Shanker, Jayarajan & Deepak 2018 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Thomas & Easa 1997   Monilesaurus montanus Kudremukh Forest Agama Pal, Vijayakumar, Shanker, Jayarajan & Deepak 2018   Monilesaurus rouxii Central Indian Forest Agama Das & Whitaker 1990 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1987 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Sharma 1982 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Tikader & Sharma 1992 Genus Psammophilus (Indian Rock Agamas)   Psammophilus blanfordanus Common Indian Rock Agama Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Das & Whitaker 1990 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1987 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1985 Murthy 1986 Palot 2015 Thomas & Easa 1997   Psammophilus dorsalis South Indian Rock Agama Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Pal, Vijayakumar, Shanker, Jayarajan & Deepak 2018 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Genus Salea (Indian Bush Agamas)   Salea anamallayana Anaimalai Bush Agama Das, Campbell, Deuti, Bag & Raha 2019 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Manthey 2010 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015 Genus Sitana (Lesser Fan-throated Agamas)   Sitana devakai Puttalam Fan-throated Agama Palot 2015 [as ponticeriana and "cf. devaka" [sic] (in remarks)]   Sitana marudhamneydhal Southern Tamil Fan-throated Agama Balan, Jude, Narayanan, Varma & Deepak 2021 Sadasivan, Ramesh, Palot, Ambekar & Mirza 2018 [as S. attenboroughii]  Family Chamaeleonidae (Chameleons) Genus Chamaeleo (Typical Chameleons)   Chamaeleo zeylanicus Asian Chameleon Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot 2015 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997  Family Gekkonidae (Typical Geckos) Genus Cnemaspis (Asian Rock and Forest Geckos)   * Cnemaspis anamudiensis Anamudi Forest Gecko Cyriac, Johny, Umesh & Palot 2018 Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021   Cnemaspis australis Tirunelveli Rock Gecko Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021   Cnemaspis beddomei Travancore Rock Gecko Aengals 2012 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   * Cnemaspis chengodumalaensis Chengodumala Rock Gecko Cyriac, Palot, Deuti & Umesh 2020 Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021   * Cnemaspis flavigularis Yellow-throated Forest Gecko Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021   Cnemaspis goaensis Goa Forest Gecko Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 [as kandiana] Balakrishnan 2007 [as indraneildasii] Das & Whitaker 1990 [as kandiana] Easa & Ramachandran 2004 [as kandiana] Inger, Marx & Koshy 1984 [as kandiana] Thomas & Easa 1997 [as kandiana] Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 [as kandiana] Tikader & Sharma 1992 [as kandiana]   Cnemaspis gracilis Gracile Rock Gecko Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Agarwal, Thackeray & Khandekar 2020 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Khandekar, Thackeray & Agarwal 2021 Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021 Palot 2015 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Unnikrishnan, Jose & Jose 2021   Cnemaspis indica Indian Rock Gecko Das & Whitaker 1990 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015 Tikader & Sharma 1992   Cnemaspis jerdonii Anaimalai Rock Gecko Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985   * Cnemaspis kottiyoorensis Kottiyoor Rock Gecko Cyriac & Umesh 2014 Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021 Palot 2015   Cnemaspis littoralis Coastal Rock Gecko Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Marx & Koshy 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1985 Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021 Palot 2015 Sayyed, Pyron & Dahanukar 2016 Smith 1935   * Cnemaspis maculicollis Spotted-necked Forest Gecko Cyriac, Johny, Umesh & Palot 2018   * Cnemaspis monticola Kerala Rock Gecko Khandekar, Thackeray & Agarwal 2021 Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita & Pethiyagoda 2007 Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021 Palot 2015   Cnemaspis mysoriensis Mysore Rock Gecko Aengals 2012 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Tikader & Sharma 1992   Cnemaspis nairi Ponmudi Rock Gecko Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Marx & Koshy 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1987 Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021 Palot 2015   * Cnemaspis nigriventris Black-bellied Day Gecko Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021   Cnemaspis nilagirica Nilgiri Rock Gecko Cyriac, Johny, Umesh, Palot & Campbell 2019 Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021 Palot 2015   * Cnemaspis nimbus Clouded Forest Gecko Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021   Cnemaspis ornata Ornate Rock Gecko Aengals 2012 Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Marx & Koshy 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1987 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015   * Cnemaspis palakkadensis Palakkad Forest Gecko Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021 Sayyed, Cyriac & Dileepkumar 2020   * Cnemaspis rubraoculus Ruby-eyed Forest Gecko Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021   Cnemaspis sisparensis Sispara Rock Gecko Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1985 Murthy 1986 Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021 Palot 2015   * Cnemaspis smaug Smaug Forest Gecko Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021   * Cnemaspis wynadensis Wayanad Rock Gecko Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1985 Murthy 1986 Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Sayyed, Pyron & Dahanukar 2016 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   * Cnemaspis zacharyi Lakkidi Rock Gecko Cyriac, Palot, Deuti & Umesh 2020 Pal, Mirza, Dsouza & Shanker 2021   Cnemaspis aaronbaueri Thenmala Rock Gecko Sayyed, Grismer, Campbell & Dileepkumar 2019 Genus Cyrtodactylus (Australasian Bent-toed Geckos)   * Cyrtodactylus chengodumalaensis Chengodumala Bent-toed Gecko Agarwal, Umesh, Das, Bauer & Khandekar 2023   Cyrtodactylus collegalensis Kollegal Bent-toed Gecko Jayakumar & Nameer 2018   Cyrtodactylus nebulosus Clouded Bent-toed Gecko Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Tikader & Sharma 1992   Cyrtodactylus speciosus Tamil Bent-toed Gecko Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 [as collegalensis] Easa & Ramachandran 2004 [as collegalensis] Palot 2015 [as collegalensis] Thomas & Easa 1997 [as collegalensis] Vyas 2000 [as collegalensis] Genus Dravidogecko (Dravid Geckos)   * Dravidogecko janakiae Idukki Dravid Gecko Chaitanya, Giri, Deepak, Datta-Roy, Murthy & Karanth 2019   * Dravidogecko septentrionalis Wayanad Dravid Gecko Chaitanya, Giri, Deepak, Datta-Roy, Murthy & Karanth 2019   * Dravidogecko smithi Ponmudi Dravid Gecko Chaitanya, Giri, Deepak, Datta-Roy, Murthy & Karanth 2019 Genus Gehyra (Four-clawed Geckos)   Gehyra mutilata Common Four-clawed Gecko Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Daniel 1983 Das 1998 Palot 2015 Smith 1935 Genus Hemidactylus (Half-toed Geckos)   Hemidactylus brookii Spotted Half-toed Gecko Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Mahony 2011 Palot 2015 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   * Hemidactylus easai Attapadi Half-toed Gecko Das, Pal, Siddharth, Palot, Deepak & Narayanan 2022   Hemidactylus frenatus Asian House Gecko Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1987 Palot 2015 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   Hemidactylus leschenaultii Tamarind Tree Gecko Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot 2015 Sharma 1982   Hemidactylus murrayi Pimpri Half-toed Gecko Lajmi, Bansal, Giri & Karanth 2019 Lajmi, Giri & Karanth 2016   Hemidactylus parvimaculatus Small-spotted Half-toed Gecko Bauer, Jackman, Greenbaum, Silva, Giri & Das 2010 Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Deso, Bauer, Probst & Sanchez 2013 Lajmi, Giri & Karanth 2016   Hemidactylus prashadi Prashad Half-toed Gecko Palot 2015   * Hemidactylus paaragowli Travancore Half-toed Gecko Agarwal, Bauer, Giri & Khandekar 2019 Srikanthan, Swamy, Mohan & Pal 2018   Hemidactylus reticulatus Reticulated Half-toed Gecko Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Kumar, Srinivasulu & Seetharamaraju 2015 Palot 2015 Tikader & Sharma 1992   Hemidactylus triedrus Southern Termite Hill Gecko Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 [as subtriedrus] Aengals 2012 Agrawal 1979 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 [as subtriedrus] Mirza, Gowande, Patil, Ambekar & Patel 2018 Palot 2015 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997  Family Lacertidae (Typical Lizards) Genus Ophisops (Snake-eyed Lizards)   Ophisops beddomii Kerala Snake-eyed Lizard Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot 2015 Tiwari & Sharma 1971   Ophisops leschenaultii Peninsular Snake-eyed Lizard Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015  Family Scincidae (Skinks) Genus Chalcides (Cylindrical Skinks)   * Chalcides pentadactylus Indian Cylindrical Skink Palot 2015 Tikader & Sharma 1992 Genus Dasia (Indo-Malayan Tree Skinks)   Dasia subcaerulea Blue-bellied Tree Skink Palot 2015 Genus Eutropis (South Asian Sun Skinks)   Eutropis allapallensis Allapalli Sun Skink Bag, Raha & Deuti 2020 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Ganesh & Arumugam 2016 Srinivasulu & Srinivasulu 2013 Thomas, Easa & Jahas 1998 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   Eutropis beddomii South Indian Sun Skink Amarasinghe, Campbell, Chandramouli, Deuti, Raha, Karunarathna & Ineich 2016 Amarasinghe, Ganesh, Patel, Deuti, Campbell, Palot, Karunarathna, Abinawanto & Supriatna 2021 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1985 Murthy 1986 Palot 2015   Eutropis bibronii Olive-brown Sun Skink Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Amarasinghe, Campbell, Chandramouli, Deuti, Raha, Karunarathna & Ineich 2016 Das & Whitaker 1990 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015 Tikader & Sharma 1992   Eutropis brevis Travancore Speckled Forest Skink Ganesh, Deuti, Achyuthan, Campbell, Raha, Bag & Debnath 2021   Eutropis carinata Brahminy Skink Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Amarasinghe, Ganesh, Patel, Deuti, Campbell, Palot, Karunarathna, Abinawanto & Supriatna 2021 Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Murthy 1981 Palot 2015 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   * Eutropis clivicola Kerala Sun Skink Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Palot 2015 Thomas & Easa 1997   Eutropis dawsoni Madathara Speckled Forest Skink Ganesh, Deuti, Achyuthan, Campbell, Raha, Bag & Debnath 2021   Eutropis macularia Speckled Forest Skink Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1987 Murthy 1981 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Genus Kaestlea (Indian Ground Skinks)   Kaestlea beddomii Kerala Ground Skink Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Eremchenko & Das 2004 Palot 2015 Thomas & Easa 1997 Tikader & Sharma 1992   Kaestlea bilineata Nilgiri Ground Skink Murthy 1985 Palot 2015   Kaestlea laterimaculata Side-spotted Ground Skink Balakrishnan 2007 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Eremchenko & Das 2004 Palot 2015 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   Kaestlea palnica Palni Hills Ground Skink Palot 2015   Kaestlea travancorica South Indian Ground Skink Das & Whitaker 1990 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Eremchenko & Das 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015 Genus Riopa (Asian Gracile Skinks)   Riopa albopunctata White-spotted Gracile Skink Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015 Siler, Heitz, Davis, Freitas, Aowphol, Termprayoon & Grismer 2018 Tikader & Sharma 1992   Riopa guentheri Malabar Gracile Skink Bhilala, Ashaharraza, Ingle, Das, Sambath & Mohapatra 2021 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Tikader & Sharma 1992 Vyas 2014   Riopa punctata Spotted Gracile Skink Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Smith 1935 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Tiwari & Sharma 1971 Genus Ristella (Cat Skinks)   Ristella beddomii Yellow-spotted Cat Skink Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   Ristella guentheri Sirimallai Cat Skink Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot 2015   Ristella rurkii Reddish-brown Cat Skink Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015   Ristella travancorica Travancore Cat Skink Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1987 Palot 2015 Genus Sphenomorphus (Indo-Pacific Forest Skinks)   Sphenomorphus dussumieri Malabar Forest Skink Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1987 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1986 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Smith 1935 Thomas & Easa 1997 Tikader & Sharma 1992  Family Varanidae (Monitor Lizards) Genus Varanus (Monitor Lizards)   Varanus bengalensis Bengal Monitor Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Biswas & Sanyal 1977 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot 2015 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997

	Snakes (Serpentes)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Acrochordidae (Australasian File Snakes) Genus Acrochordus (Australasian File Snakes)   Acrochordus granulatus Lesser File Snake Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014  Family Boidae (Typical Boas) Genus Eryx (Sand Boas)   Eryx conicus Rough-scaled Sand Boa Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Hutton & David 2008 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Smith 1943 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   Eryx johnii Red Sand Boa Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015   Eryx whitakeri Kerala Sand Boa Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2002 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Whitaker & Captain 2004  Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids) Genus Ahaetulla (Oriental Whip Snakes)   Ahaetulla dispar South Indian Whip Snake Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Hutton & David 2008 Mallik, Srikanthan, Pal, D'Souza, Shanker & Ganesh 2020 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Whitaker & Captain 2004   Ahaetulla isabellina Isabella Whip Snake Mallik, Srikanthan, Pal, D'Souza, Shanker & Ganesh 2020   Ahaetulla malabarica Malabar Whip Snake Mallik, Srikanthan, Pal, D'Souza, Shanker & Ganesh 2020   Ahaetulla perroteti Bronze-headed Whip Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Ganesh & Chandramouli 2011 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Thomas & Easa 1997   Ahaetulla sahyadrensis Sahyadri Hills Whip Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 [as pulverulenta] Murthy 1981 [as pulverulenta] Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 [as pulverulenta] Palot 2015 [as pulverulenta] Smith 1943 [as pulverulenta] Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 [as pulverulenta]   Ahaetulla travancorica Travancore Whip Snake Mallik, Srikanthan, Pal, D'Souza, Shanker & Ganesh 2020 Genus Amphiesma (South Asian Keelbacks)   Amphiesma monticolum Yellow-collared Forest Keelback Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Smith 1943 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Whitaker & Captain 2004   Amphiesma stolatum Buff-striped Keelback Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Genus Atretium (South Asian Olive Keelback)   Atretium schistosum South Asian Olive Keelback Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Smith 1943 Whitaker & Captain 2004 Genus Boiga (Australasian Cat Snakes)   Boiga beddomei Yellow-bellied Cat Snake Palot 2015 Whitaker & Captain 2004   Boiga dightoni Travancore Cat Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Ganesh, Achyuthan, Chandramouli & Vogel 2020 Ganesh, Mallik, Achyuthan, Shanker & Vogel 2021 [as whitakeri] Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1987 Kanagavel & Ganesh 2021 Murthy 1985 Narayanan, Das, Anvar, Tillack, Mohapatra, Gower, Rajkumar & Deepak 2023 Orlov & Ryabov 2002 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943   Boiga forsteni Speckled Cat Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943 Whitaker & Captain 2004   Boiga nuchalis Collared Cat Snake Balakrishnan 2007 Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Ganesh, Achyuthan, Chandramouli & Vogel 2020 Ganesh, Mallik, Achyuthan, Shanker & Vogel 2021 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1987 Narayanan, Das, Anvar, Tillack, Mohapatra, Gower, Rajkumar & Deepak 2023 Palot 2015 Vogel & Ganesh 2013   Boiga thackerayi Maharashtra Cat Snake Ganesh, Achyuthan, Chandramouli & Vogel 2020 [as "B. cf. thackerayi"] Ganesh, Mallik, Achyuthan, Shanker & Vogel 2021   Boiga trigonata Western Gamma Cat Snake Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Genus Chrysopelea (Flying Tree Snakes)   Chrysopelea ornata Ornate Flying Tree Snake Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1981 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Genus Coelognathus (Oriental Rat Snakes)   Coelognathus helena Indian Trinket Snake Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Hutton & David 2008 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Mohapatra, Schulz, Helfenberger, Hofmann & Dutta 2016 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Schulz 1996 Whitaker & Captain 2004 Genus Dendrelaphis (Bronzebacks)   Dendrelaphis ashoki Anaimalai Bronzeback Hutton & David 2008 [as pictus] Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 [as ahaetulla] Palot 2015 Vogel & Rooijen 2011   Dendrelaphis chairecacos Karnataka Bronzeback Palot 2015 Rooijen & Vogel 2009   Dendrelaphis girii Belgaum Bronzeback Das & Whitaker 1990 [as bifrenalis] Easa & Ramachandran 2004 [as bifrenalis] Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 [as bifrenalis] Palot 2015   Dendrelaphis grandoculis Indian Large-eyed Bronzeback Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1986 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Smith 1943 Whitaker & Captain 2004   Dendrelaphis tristis Common Indian Bronzeback Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Smith 1943 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Genus Fowlea (Fishing Keelbacks)   Fowlea piscator Checkered Keelback Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Murthy 1986 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Vogel & David 2012 Genus Hebius (Oriental Equatorial Keelbacks)   Hebius beddomei Nilgiri Keelback Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Das & Whitaker 1990 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Hutton & David 2008 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1986 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Smith 1943 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Whitaker & Captain 2004 Genus Liopeltis (Ringneck Snakes)   Liopeltis calamaria Lesser Ringneck Snake Amarasinghe, Karunarathna, Campbell, Ganesh & Vogel 2020 Bilaskar 2023 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Genus Lycodon (Oriental Wolf Snakes)   Lycodon aulicus Indian Wolf Snake Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Ganesh & Vogel 2018 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1986 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   Lycodon fasciolatus Anaimalai Wolf Snake Deepak, Narayanan, Mohapatra, Dutta, Melvinselvan, Khan, Mahlow & Tillack 2021 Ganesh & Vogel 2018 [as anamallensis]   Lycodon flavicollis Yellow-collared Wolf Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 [as flavomaculatus] Murthy 1991 [as flavomaculatus] Narayana, Sandeep & Dogra 2018   Lycodon gracilis Slender Bridle Snake Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003   Lycodon nympha Vellore Bridle Snake Das, Dutta, Chaudhri, Erinjery & Singh 2016 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Whitaker & Captain 2004   Lycodon striatus Striped Wolf Snake Palot 2015   Lycodon travancoricus Travancore Wolf Snake Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Ganesh, Deuti, Punith, Achyuthan, Mallik, Adhikari & Vogel 2020 Hutton & David 2008 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1986 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943 Thomas & Easa 1997 Whitaker & Captain 2004 Genus Oligodon (Kukri Snakes)   Oligodon affinis Western Kukri Snake Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Smith 1943 Whitaker & Captain 2004   Oligodon arnensis Arani Kukri Snake Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015   Oligodon brevicauda Short-tailed Kukri Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943   Oligodon taeniolatus Variegated Kukri Snake Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Seetharamaraju, Srinivasulu & Srinivasulu 2011 Smith 1943 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Whitaker & Captain 2004   Oligodon travancoricus Travancore Kukri Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943   Oligodon venustus Black-spotted Kukri Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943 Genus Platyceps (Flat-headed Whip Snakes)   Platyceps plinii Banded Whip Snake Deepak, Narayanan, Mohapatra, Dutta, Melvinselvan, Khan, Mahlow & Tillack 2021 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 [as fasciolata] Palot 2015 [as fasciolata] Genus Proahaetulla (Agasthyamalai Whip Snake)   Proahaetulla antiqua Agasthyamalai Whip Snake Mallik, Achyuthan, Ganesh, Pal, Vijayakumar & Shanker 2019 Genus Ptyas (Giant Rat Snakes and Oriental Green Snakes)   Ptyas mucosa Common Oriental Rat Snake Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Das & Whitaker 1990 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Hutton & David 2008 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1986 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Genus Rhabdophis (Asian Keelbacks)   Rhabdophis plumbicolor Green Keelback Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Hutton & David 2008 Murthy 1986 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Genus Rhabdops (South Asian Forest Snakes)   Rhabdops olivaceus Southern Olive Forest Snake Bhosale & Joshi 2014 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Giri, Deepak, Captain, Das, Das, Rajkumar, Rathish & Gower 2017 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943 Whitaker & Captain 2004 Genus Sibynophis (Oriental Black-headed Snakes)   Sibynophis sagittarius Bengal Black-headed Snake Murthy, Sharma & Sharma 1979   Sibynophis subpunctatus Malabar Black-headed Snake Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015  Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.) Genus Bungarus (Kraits)   Bungarus caeruleus Blue Krait Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Hutton & David 2008 Murthy 1986 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Whitaker & Captain 2004   Bungarus fasciatus Banded Krait Biakzuala, Lalremsanga, Santra, Dhara, Ahmed, Mallick, Kuttalam, Amarasinghe & Malhotra 2023 Genus Calliophis (South Asian Coral Snakes)   Calliophis beddomei South Indian Coral Snake Jins, Bhupathy & Panigrahi 2014 Palot 2015   Calliophis bibroni Western Ghats Coral Snake Deepak, Harikrishnan, Vasudevan & Smith 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith, Ogale, Deepak & Giri 2012 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   Calliophis melanurus South Asian Slender Coral Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Shine & Nameer 2012   Calliophis nigrescens Black Slender Coral Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Hutton & David 2008 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943 Smith, Ogale, Deepak & Giri 2012 Thomas & Easa 1997 Whitaker & Captain 2004 Genus Naja (Typical Cobras)   Naja naja Indian Spectacled Cobra Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Wuster & Thorpe 1992 Genus Ophiophagus (King Cobra)   Ophiophagus hannah King Cobra Das & Whitaker 1990 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Whitaker & Captain 2004 Yadav & Yankanchi 2015  Family Elapidae [part 2: marine species] (Sea Snakes) Genus Hydrophis (Typical Sea Snakes)   Hydrophis caerulescens Bluish Slender-necked Sea Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004   Hydrophis curtus Short Sea Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2010 Palot 2015 Smith 1926   Hydrophis cyanocinctus Blue-banded Sea Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2010 Palot 2015   Hydrophis fasciatus Banded Slender-necked Sea Snake Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003   Hydrophis jerdonii Cone-nosed Sea Snake Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Whitaker & Captain 2004   Hydrophis ornatus Reef Sea Snake Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2010 Palot 2015   Hydrophis platurus Yellow-bellied Sea Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2010 Palot 2015   Hydrophis schistosus Beaked Sea Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2010 Palot 2015   Hydrophis spiralis Narrow-banded Sea Snake Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003   Hydrophis stokesii Large-headed Sea Snake Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003   Hydrophis viperinus Viperine Sea Snake Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Genus Microcephalophis (Small-headed Sea Snakes)   Microcephalophis cantoris Spotted Small-headed Sea Snake Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Sharma 1982 Smith 1926 Smith 1943   Microcephalophis gracilis Graceful Small-headed Sea Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003  Family Gerrhopilidae (Indo-Malayan Blind Snakes) Genus Gerrhopilus (Indo-Malayan Blind Snakes)   Gerrhopilus beddomii Anaimalai Blind Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Whitaker & Captain 2004   Gerrhopilus thurstoni South Indian Blind Snake Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Ajith 2000 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943   Gerrhopilus tindalli Malabar Blind Snake Ajith 2000 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943  Family Homalopsidae (Australasian Mud Snakes) Genus Cerberus (Dog-faced Water Snakes)   Cerberus rynchops Western Dog-faced Water Snake Gyi 1970 Murphy & Voris 2014 Murphy, Voris & Karns 2012 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Genus Dieurostus (Kerala Mud Snake)   * Dieurostus dussumieri Kerala Mud Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Gyi 1970 Kumar & Captain 2011 Murphy & Voris 2014 Murphy 2007 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Genus Gerarda (Glossy Marsh Snake)   Gerarda prevostiana Glossy Marsh Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Gyi 1970 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015  Family Pareidae (Oriental Slug Eaters) Genus Xylophis (Narrow-headed Snakes)   Xylophis captaini Kannam Narrow-headed Snake Bhupathy, Jins, Babu & Jose 2016 Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Gower & Winkler 2007 Palot 2015   * Xylophis mosaicus Anaimalai Narrow-headed Snake Deepak, Narayanan, Das, Rajkumar, Easa, Sreejith & Gower 2020   Xylophis perroteti Spotted Narrow-headed Snake Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Gower & Winkler 2007 Hutton & David 2008 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943 Whitaker & Captain 2004  Family Pythonidae (Pythons) Genus Python (Typical Pythons)   Python molurus Indian Python Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Daniel 1983 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997  Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes) Genus Grypotyphlops (Indian Beaked Blind Snake)   Grypotyphlops acutus Indian Beaked Blind Snake Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Narayana, Venkateshwarlu, Swamy, Surender, Kumar & Rao 2018 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Tiwari & Sharma 1971 Wallach 1994 Genus Indotyphlops (South Asian Blind Snakes)   Indotyphlops porrectus Indian Slender Blind Snake Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Genus Virgotyphlops (Brahminy Blind Snake)   Virgotyphlops braminus Brahminy Blind Snake Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Murthy 1981 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Smith 1943 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997  Family Uropeltidae (Shield-tailed Snakes) Genus Melanophidium (Black Shieldtails)   * Melanophidium bilineatum Yellow-striped Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Gower, Giri, Captain & Wilkinson 2016 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016   Melanophidium punctatum Pied-bellied Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Gower, Giri, Captain & Wilkinson 2016 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1985 Murthy 1986 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016   Melanophidium wynaudense Wayanad Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Gower, Giri, Captain & Wilkinson 2016 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Genus Platyplectrurus (Madurai Shieldtail and Three-lined Shieldtail)   Platyplectrurus madurensis Madurai Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943   Platyplectrurus trilineatus Three-lined Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943 Genus Plectrurus (South Indian Shieldtails)   * Plectrurus aureus Golden Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016   Plectrurus guentheri Purple Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016   Plectrurus perrotetii Nilgiri Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Hutton & David 2008 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Sampaio, Narayanan, Cyriac, Venu & Gower 2020 Genus Rhinophis (Sharp-nosed Shieldtails)   Rhinophis fergusonianus Cardamom Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016 Smith 1943   * Rhinophis karinthandani Mananthavady Shieldtail Sampaio, Narayanan, Cyriac, Venu & Gower 2020   * Rhinophis melanoleucus Lakkidi Shieldtail Cyriac, Narayanan, Sampaio, Umesh & Gower 2020 Sampaio, Narayanan, Cyriac, Venu & Gower 2020   Rhinophis sanguineus Red-tailed Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016 Sampaio, Narayanan, Cyriac, Venu & Gower 2020 Smith 1943 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   Rhinophis travancoricus Travancore Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016 Sampaio, Narayanan, Cyriac, Venu & Gower 2020 Genus Teretrurus (Red Shieldtails)   * Teretrurus hewstoni Manantoddy Red Shieldtail Ganesh & Murthy 2022   Teretrurus sanguineus Red Shieldtails Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Ganesh & Murthy 2022 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016 Smith 1943 Genus Uropeltis (Typical Shieldtails)   Uropeltis arcticeps Tirunelveli Shieldtail Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015   Uropeltis beddomii Anaimalai Shieldtail Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016   Uropeltis ceylanica Kerala Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Ganesh, Aengals & Ramanujam 2014 Hutton & David 2008 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015   Uropeltis ellioti Madras Shieldtail Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015   Uropeltis grandis Violet Shieldtail Palot 2015 [as smithi] Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016   Uropeltis liura Ashambu Shieldtail Palot 2015 Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016 Whitaker & Captain 2004   Uropeltis macrorhyncha Large-nosed Shieldtail Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015   Uropeltis maculata Orange-spotted Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Hutton & David 2008 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015   Uropeltis madurensis Periyar Shieldtail Whitaker & Captain 2004   Uropeltis myhendrae Barred Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943   Uropeltis nitida Cochin Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016   Uropeltis ocellata Ocellate Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Ganesh, Aengals & Ramanujam 2014 Hutton & David 2008 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016   Uropeltis petersi Yellow-spotted Shieldtail Palot 2015   Uropeltis pulneyensis Palni Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015   Uropeltis rubrolineata Red-lined Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016   Uropeltis rubromaculata Red-spotted Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Hutton & David 2008 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Pyron, Ganesh, Sayyed, Sharma, Wallach & Somaweera 2016   Uropeltis woodmasoni Indian Black-bellied Shieldtail Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015  Family Viperidae (Vipers) Genus Craspedocephalus (Ridge-nosed Tree Pitvipers)   Craspedocephalus anamallensis Anaimalai Rock Pitviper Mallik, Srikanthan, Ganesh, Vijayakumar, Campbell, Malhotra & Shanker 2021   Craspedocephalus gramineus Indian Green Pitviper Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996   Craspedocephalus macrolepis Large-scaled Pitviper Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Mallik, Srikanthan, Ganesh, Vijayakumar, Campbell, Malhotra & Shanker 2021 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Smith 1943 Whitaker & Captain 2004   Craspedocephalus malabaricus Malabar Rock Pitviper Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Hutton & David 2008 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1987 Mallik, Srikanthan, Ganesh, Vijayakumar, Campbell, Malhotra & Shanker 2021 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1986 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Smith 1943 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997   * Craspedocephalus peltopelor Agasthyamalai Pitviper Mallik, Srikanthan, Ganesh, Vijayakumar, Campbell, Malhotra & Shanker 2021   Craspedocephalus strigatus Horseshoe Pitviper Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Mallik, Srikanthan, Ganesh, Vijayakumar, Campbell, Malhotra & Shanker 2021 Murthy 1981 Murthy 1986 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Whitaker & Captain 2004   Craspedocephalus travancoricus Travancore Pitviper Mallik, Srikanthan, Ganesh, Vijayakumar, Campbell, Malhotra & Shanker 2021 Genus Daboia (Daboias)   Daboia russelii Indian Chain Viper Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Smith 1943 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Genus Echis (Carpet Vipers)   Echis carinatus Common Carpet Viper Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Auffenberg & Rehman 1991 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Genus Hypnale (Hump-nosed Pitvipers)   Hypnale hypnale Indian Hump-nosed Pitviper Chandramouli & Ganesh 2010 Das & Whitaker 1990 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Gloyd & Conant 1990 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1984 Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde 1987 Murthy 1981 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2003 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Thomas & Easa 1997

	Turtles (Testudines)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles) Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)   Caretta caretta Loggerhead Sea Turtle Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)   Chelonia mydas Green Sea Turtle Dileepkumar & Jayakumar (in Shanker & Choudhury) 2006 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Kar & Bhaskar in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Palot 2007 Palot 2015 Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)   Eretmochelys imbricata Hawksbill Sea Turtle Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot 2015 Genus Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles)   Lepidochelys olivacea Olive Ridley Sea Turtle Das 2001 Dileepkumar & Jayakumar (in Shanker & Choudhury) 2006 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Kar & Bhaskar in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Palot 2015  Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle) Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)   Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback Sea Turtle Daniel 1983 Das 2001 Dileepkumar & Jayakumar (in Shanker & Choudhury) 2006 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Kar & Bhaskar in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Palot 2015  Family Geoemydidae (Eastern Pond Turtles) Genus Melanochelys (Indian Black Turtles)   Melanochelys trijuga Indian Black Turtle Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Daniel 1983 Das & Bhupathy 2009 Das 2001 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Frazier & Das 1994 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Thomas & Easa 1997 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Genus Vijayachelys (Cochin Forest Cane Turtle)   Vijayachelys silvatica Cochin Forest Cane Turtle Das 2001 Deepak, Praschag & Vasudevan 2014 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021  Family Testudinidae (Tortoises) Genus Geochelone (South Asian Star Tortoises)   Geochelone elegans Indian Star Tortoise Abraham, Easa, Thomas & Nixon 1999 Das 2001 D'Cruze, Mookerjee, Vyas, Macdonald & Silva 2018 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Frazier & Das 1994 Palot 2015 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Genus Indotestudo (Asian Tortoises)   Indotestudo travancorica Travancore Tortoise Bhupathy & Choudhury 1995 [as forstenii] Das & Whitaker 1990 [as forsteni] Das 2001 Deepak, Ramesh, Bhupathy & Vasudevan 2011 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Murthy 1985 Palot 2015 Radhakrishnan 1996 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Thomas & Easa 1997  Family Trionychidae (Softshell Turtles) Genus Chitra (Narrow-headed Softshell Turtles)   Chitra indica Indian Narrow-headed Softshell Turtle Palot 2015 Genus Lissemys (South Asian Flapshell Turtles)   Lissemys punctata Indian Flapshell Turtle Bhupathy, Webb & Praschag 2014 Das 2001 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Palot 2015 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Thomas, Jahas & Easa 1997 Genus Nilssonia (South Asian Softshell Turtles)   Nilssonia leithii Deccan Softshell Turtle Das, Sirsi, Vasudevan & Murthy 2014 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Nameer, Unnikrishnan & Thomas 2007 Palot 2015 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Thomas, Shaji & Easa 1997 Genus Pelochelys (Indomalayan Giant Softshell Turtles)   Pelochelys cantorii Asian Giant Softshell Turtle Das 2001 Easa & Ramachandran 2004 Jain, Cavada-Blanco, Palot, Das, Deepak & Das 2021 Palot & Radhakrishnan 2011 Palot 2015 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021