Reptiles of Russia  Related checklists:  Kuril Islands - Sakhalin Island Bibliography of the reptiles of Russia Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Russia Introduced species

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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial. Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:

	Lizards (Sauria)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Agamidae (Agamas and Dragons) Genus Laudakia (Asian Rock Agamas)   Laudakia caucasia Caucasian Rock Agama Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Bischoff 1978 Orlowa in Boehme (ed.) 1981 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] Yousefkhani, Ficetola, Rastegar-Pouyani, Ananjeva, Rastegar-Pouyani & Masroor 2013 Genus Phrynocephalus (Toad-headed Agamas)   Phrynocephalus guttatus Spotted Toad-headed Agama Ananjeva in Boehme (ed.) 1981 Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak 2003   Phrynocephalus helioscopus Central Asian Sunwatcher Anderson 1999 Barabanov & Ananjeva 2007 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008   Phrynocephalus kulagini Tuva Toad-headed Agama Buehler, Zoljargal, Purvee, Munkhbayar, Munkhbaatar, Batsaikhan, Ananjeva, Orlov, Papenfuss, Roldan-Pina, Douchindorj, Grismer, Oaks, Brown & Grismer 2021 Dunayev, Solovyeva & Poyarkov 2021   Phrynocephalus mystaceus Bearded Toad-headed Agama Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Barabanov & Ananjeva 2007 Bischoff 1978 Solovyeva, Dunayev, Nazarov, Radjabizadeh & Poyarkov 2018 Genus Trapelus (Afro-Asian Ground Agamas)   Trapelus agilis Brilliant Ground Agama Ananjeva, Guo & Wang 2011 Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Orlowa in Boehme (ed.) 1981 Rastegar-Pouyani 1999  Family Anguidae (Slowworms, etc.) Genus Anguis (Slowworms)   Anguis colchica Eastern Slowworm Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 [as A. fragilis] Dely in Boehme (ed.) 1981 [as A. fragilis] Gvozdik, Benkovsky, Crottini, Bellati, Moravec, Romano, Sacchi & Jandzik 2013 Gvozdik, Jandzik, Lymberakis, Jablonski & Moravec 2010 Roitberg, Mazanaeva, Ilyina & Orlova 2000 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Szczerbak 2003 [as A. fragilis]   Anguis fragilis Western European Slowworm Jablonski, Najbar, Grochowalska, Gvozdik & Strzala 2017 Genus Pseudopus (Eurasian Glass Lizard)   Pseudopus apodus Eurasian Glass Lizard Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Mazanaeva & Askenderov 2020 Obst in Boehme (ed.) 1981 Starkov & Orlova 2007  Family Gekkonidae (Typical Geckos) Genus Alsophylax (Asian Lowland Pygmy Geckos)   Alsophylax pipiens Caspian Pygmy Gecko Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Szczerbak in Boehme (ed.) 1981 Genus Mediodactylus (Mediterranean Bent-toed Geckos)   Mediodactylus russowii Grey Thin-toed Gecko Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak & Golubev 1996 Genus Tenuidactylus (Central Asian Thin-toed Geckos)   Tenuidactylus caspius Caspian Thin-toed Gecko Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak & Golubev 1996 Szczerbak in Boehme (ed.) 1981  Family Lacertidae (Typical Lizards) Genus Darevskia (Caucasian Rock Lizards)   Darevskia alpina Alpine Rock Lizard Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Doronin & Lotiev 2013 Fu, Darevsky, MacCullogh, Kupriyanova, Roitberg, Sokolova & Murphy 1995 Fu, Murphy & Darevsky 1997 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008   Darevskia brauneri Western Caucasian Rock Lizard Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Bischoff 2001 Darevsky in Boehme (ed.) 1984 Doronin 2011 Doronin, Doronina & Bekoshvili 2019 MacCulloch, Fu, Darevsky & Murphy 2000 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak 2003 Tuniyev & Tuniyev 2012   Darevskia caucasica Common Caucasian Rock Lizard Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Bischoff 2001 Darevsky & Roitberg 1999 Darevsky in Boehme (ed.) 1984 Fu, Darevsky, MacCullogh, Kupriyanova, Roitberg, Sokolova & Murphy 1995 Fu, Murphy & Darevsky 1997 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]   Darevskia daghestanica Dagestan Rock Lizard Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Fu, Darevsky, MacCullogh, Kupriyanova, Roitberg, Sokolova & Murphy 1995 Fu, Murphy & Darevsky 1997 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008   Darevskia derjugini Artvin Rock Lizard Orlowa & Bischoff in Boehme (ed.) 1984 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008   Darevskia praticola Caucasian Meadow Lizard Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Anderson 1999 [as pontica] Arakelyan, Danielyan, Corti, Sindaco & Leviton 2011 Doronin 2014 [as pontica] Fu, Murphy & Darevsky 1997 Litvinchuk & Skorinov 2018 [as pontica] Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Starkov & Orlova 2007 [as pontica] Stugren in Boehme (ed.) 1984   Darevskia rudis Spiny-tailed Rock Lizard Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Boehme & Bischoff in Boehme (ed.) 1984 Eiselt & Darevsky 1991 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak 2003   Darevskia saxicola Russian Rock Lizard Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Darevsky in Boehme (ed.) 1984 Fu, Murphy & Darevsky 1997 MacCulloch, Fu, Darevsky & Murphy 2000 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak 2003   Darevskia szczerbaki Anapa Rock Lizard Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Bischoff 1978 Bischoff 2001 Darevsky in Boehme (ed.) 1984 MacCulloch, Fu, Darevsky & Murphy 2000 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak 2003 Tuniyev & Tuniyev 2012 Genus Eremias (Desert and Steppe Runners)   Eremias argus Mongolian Desert Runner Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Szczerbak 1974 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]   Eremias arguta Kazakhstan Steppe Runner Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Szczerbak 1974 Szczerbak 2003 Szczerbak in Boehme (ed.) 1981 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]   Eremias multiocellata Multiocellated Desert Runner Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak 1974 Zhao & Adler 1993   Eremias przewalskii Gobi Desert Runner Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak 1974 Szczerbak 2003   Eremias velox Rapid Steppe Runner Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak 1974 Szczerbak in Boehme (ed.) 1981 Genus Lacerta (Eurasian Green Lizards)   Lacerta agilis Northern Eurasian Sand Lizard Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Bischoff in Boehme (ed.) 1984 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] Tuniyev & Tuniyev 2008 Zhao & Adler 1993   Lacerta media Levant Emerald Lizard Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Bischoff 1978 Nettmann & Rykena in Boehme (ed.) 1984 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]   Lacerta strigata Caspian Green Lizard Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Darevsky in Boehme (ed.) 1984 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Szczerbak 2003 Genus Takydromus (Oriental Grass Lizards)   Takydromus amurensis Amur Grass Lizard Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Arnold 1997 Bischoff 1992 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] Walley 1962   Takydromus wolteri Northeastern Mountain Grass Lizard Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Arnold 1997 Bischoff 1992 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] Genus Zootoca (Eurasian Forest Lizards)   Zootoca vivipara Viviparous Lizard Adnagulov & Oleinikov 2006 Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Arnold 1989 Dely & Boehme in Boehme (ed.) 1984 Herrmann & Kabisch 1990 Surget-Groba, Heulin, Guillaume, Thorpe, Kupriyanova, Vogrin, Maslak, Mazzotti, Venczel, Ghira, Odierna, Leontyeva, Monney & Smith 2001 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]  Family Scincidae (Skinks) Genus Eumeces (Afro-Asian Long-legged Skinks)   Eumeces princeps Southwest Asian Long-legged Skink Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Darevsky in Boehme (ed.) 1981 Roitberg, Mazanaeva, Ilyina & Orlova 2000 Szczerbak 2003 [as schneideri] Genus Plestiodon (Blue-tailed Skinks)   Plestiodon finitimus Northern Japanese Blue-tailed Skink Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 [as japonicus] Okamoto & Hikida 2012 Orlov, Sundukov & Sundukova 2018 Szczerbak 2003 [as japonicus]

	Snakes (Serpentes)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Boidae (Typical Boas) Genus Eryx (Sand Boas)   Eryx jaculus Western Sand Boa Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Geniez 2018 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] Tokar & Obst in Boehme (ed.) 1993   Eryx miliaris Desert Sand Boa Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Darevsky in Boehme (ed.) 1993 Geniez 2018 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013  Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids) Genus Coronella (Palearctic Smooth Snakes)   Coronella austriaca Northern Smooth Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Engelmann in Boehme (ed.) 1993 Geniez 2018 Jablonski, Nagy, Avci, Olgun, Kukushkin, Safaei-Mahroo & Jandzik 2019 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Szczerbak 2003 Genus Dolichophis (Greater Whip Snakes)   Dolichophis caspius Caspian Whip Snake Geniez 2018 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Szczerbak & Boehme in Boehme (ed.) 1993   Dolichophis schmidti Red-bellied Whip Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Szczerbak & Boehme in Boehme (ed.) 1993 Szczerbak 2003 Genus Eirenis (Middle Eastern Dwarf Snakes)   Eirenis collaris Collared Dwarf Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Geniez 2018 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Mazanaeva & Askenderov 2020 Schmidtler & Baran in Boehme (ed.) 1993 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]   Eirenis modestus Ring-headed Dwarf Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Geniez 2018 Mahlow, Tillack, Schmidtler & Muller 2013 Schmidtler & Baran in Boehme (ed.) 1993 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] Genus Elaphe (Palearctic-Oriental Rat Snakes)   Elaphe climacophora Japanese Green Rat Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Schulz 1996 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]   Elaphe dione Dione Rat Snake Adnagulov & Oleinikov 2006 Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Geniez 2018 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Obst & Szczerbak in Boehme (ed.) 1993 Schulz 1996 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]   Elaphe quadrivirgata Japanese Four-lined Rat Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Schulz 1996 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]   Elaphe sauromates Sarmatian Rat Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Boehme & Szczerbak in Boehme (ed.) 1993 [as quatuorlineata] Geniez 2018 [part] Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Qi, Shi, Ma, Gao, Bu, Grismer, Li & Wang 2021 Schulz 1996 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] [as quatuorlineata] Venchi & Sindaco 2007   Elaphe schrenckii Amur Rat Snake Adnagulov & Oleinikov 2006 Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Schulz 1996 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]   Elaphe taeniura Stripe-tailed Rat Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Schulz 1996 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]   Elaphe urartica Urartian Rat Snake Geniez 2018 [as E. sauromates [part]] Jablonski, Kukushkin, Avci, Bunyatova, Kumlutas, Ilgaz, Polyakova, Shiryaev, Tuniyev & Jandzik 2019 Genus Euprepiophis (East Asian Rat Snakes)   Euprepiophis conspicillatus Japanese Forest Rat Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 [as Elaphe japonica] Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 [as Elaphe conspicillata f. japonica] Schulz 1996 Szczerbak 2003 [as Elaphe japonica] Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] [as Elaphe japonica] Genus Hebius (Oriental Equatorial Keelbacks)   Hebius vibakari Northeastern Forest Keelback Adnagulov & Oleinikov 2006 Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Malnate 1962 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Hemorrhois (Palearctic Whip Snakes)   Hemorrhois ravergieri Mountain Whip Snake Boehme in Boehme (ed.) 1993 Geniez 2018 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] Genus Lycodon (Oriental Wolf Snakes)   Lycodon orientalis East Asian Wolf Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Szczerbak 2003   Lycodon rufozonatus Red-banded Big-toothed Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Maslov & Kotlobay 1998 Szczerbak 2003 Genus Natrix (Eurasian Keelbacks)   Natrix natrix Common European Grass Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 [as megalocephala] Geniez 2018 Kabisch in Boehme (ed.) 1999 Kindler, Boehme, Corti, Gvozdik, Jablonski, Jandzik, Metallinou, Siroky & Fritz 2013 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Orlov & Tuniyev 1992 [as megalocephala] Orlov & Tuniyev in Boehme (ed.) 1999 [as megalocephala] Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]   Natrix tessellata Dice Snake Geniez 2018 Gruschwitz, Lenz, Mebert & Lanka in Boehme (ed.) 1999 Lada & Nedosekin 1997 Litvinov, Bakiev & Mebert 2011 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] Tuniyev, Tuniyev, Kirschey & Mebert 2011 Genus Oocatochus (Red-backed Rat Snake)   Oocatochus rufodorsatus Red-backed Rat Snake Adnagulov & Oleinikov 2006 Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Schulz 1996 Stein & Kalinina 2016 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] Genus Orientocoluber (North Asian Whip Snake)   Orientocoluber spinalis North Asian Whip Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Szczerbak 2003 Genus Platyceps (Flat-headed Whip Snakes)   Platyceps najadum European Slender Whip Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Darevsky & Szczerbak in Boehme (ed.) 1993 Geniez 2018 Genus Rhabdophis (Asian Keelbacks)   Rhabdophis lateralis Chinese Tiger Keelback Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Szczerbak 2003 [as R. tigrinus] Takeuchi, Zhu, Ding, Tang, Ota, Mori, Oh & Hikida 2014 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] [as Natrix tigrina lateralis] Genus Telescopus (Afro-Asian Cat Snakes)   Telescopus fallax European Cat Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Geniez 2018 Grillitsch & Grillitsch in Boehme (ed.) 1999 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Genus Zamenis (Western Palearctic Rat Snakes)   Zamenis hohenackeri Transcaucasian Rat Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Bischoff in Boehme (ed.) 1993 Geniez 2018 Hofmann, Mebert, Schulz, Helfenberger, Goecmen & Boehme 2018 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Schulz 1996 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]   Zamenis longissimus Common Aesculapian Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Boehme in Boehme (ed.) 1993 Geniez 2018 Schulz 1996 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013  Family Elapidae [part 2: marine species] (Sea Snakes) Genus Hydrophis (Typical Sea Snakes)   Hydrophis platurus Yellow-bellied Sea Snake Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Gasperetti 1988 Ineich 1988 Kharin & Timintzev 2009 Kharin 2007 Genus Laticauda (Sea Kraits)   Laticauda semifasciata Erabu Sea Krait Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Chugunov 1980 Kharin, Roedel & Hallermann 2010  Family Lamprophiidae (House Snakes, etc.) Genus Malpolon (Montpellier Snakes)   Malpolon insignitus Eastern Montpellier Snake Geniez 2018 Sindaco, Venchi, Carpaneto & Bologna 2000 [as M. monspessulanus] Tabachishin 2011 [as M. monspessulanus] Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] [as M. monspessulanus]  Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes) Genus Xerotyphlops (Desert Blind Snakes)   Xerotyphlops vermicularis European Worm Snake Geniez 2018 Grillitsch & Grillitsch in Boehme (ed.) 1993 Hahn 1980 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]  Family Viperidae (Vipers) Genus Gloydius (Mamushis)   Gloydius blomhoffii Japanese Mamushi Orlov, Sundukov & Kropachev 2014   Gloydius caraganus Karaganda Mamushi Gumprecht, Tillack, Orlov, Captain & Ryabov 2004 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   Gloydius halys Central Asian Mamushi Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 David & Vogel 2010 [as mogoi] Dirksen & Boehme 2005 Gloyd & Conant 1990 Gumprecht, Tillack, Orlov, Captain & Ryabov 2004 Kropachev & Orlov 2017 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Orlov, Boeskorov, Protopopov, Nogovitsyn, Kolodeznikov, Shchelchkova & Kropachev 2018 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]   Gloydius intermedius Siberian Mamushi Adnagulov & Oleinikov 2006 Gloyd & Conant 1990 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Zhao & Adler 1993   Gloydius saxatilis Rock Mamushi Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 [as intermedius] Gloyd & Conant 1990 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Szczerbak 2003   Gloydius ussuriensis Ussuri Mamushi Adnagulov & Oleinikov 2006 Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 David & Vogel 2010 Gumprecht, Tillack, Orlov, Captain & Ryabov 2004 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Szczerbak 2003 Vogel 2006 Genus Macrovipera (Giant Vipers)   Macrovipera lebetinus Blunt-nosed Viper Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Geniez 2018 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Szczerbak & Boehme in Joger & Stumpel 2005 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] Genus Vipera (Typical Vipers or Adders)   Vipera berus Northern Eurasian Viper Adnagulov & Oleinikov 2006 Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 David & Vogel 2010 Herrmann & Kabisch 1990 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Nilson, Andren & Voelkl in Joger & Stumpel 2005 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok & Voort 2016 Stejneger 1907 Szczerbak 2003 Vogel 2006   Vipera dinniki West Caucasian Viper Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 David & Ineich 1999 David & Vogel 2010 Geniez 2018 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Orlov & Tuniyev 2005 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Tuniyev 2016 Tuniyev, Avci, Ilgaz, Olgun, Petrova, Bodrov, Geniez & Teynie 2018   Vipera kaznakovi Caucasian Red Viper Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 David & Ineich 1999 Geniez 2018 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Orlov & Tuniyev 2005 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Tuniyev 2016 Tuniyev, Avci, Ilgaz, Olgun, Petrova, Bodrov, Geniez & Teynie 2018 Venchi & Sindaco 2007   Vipera lotievi Caucasian Meadow Viper Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 David & Ineich 1999 David & Vogel 2010 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Nilson & Andren 2001 Nilson, Tuniyev, Orlov, Hoeggren & Andren 1995 Tuniyev 2016   Vipera nikolskii Russian Black Viper Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Bakiev, Boehme & Joger 2005 David & Vogel 2010 Kudrjavtsev & Mamet 1989 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Venchi & Sindaco 2007   * Vipera orlovi Mount Papai Viper Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 David & Vogel 2010 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Tuniyev & Ostrovskikh 2001 Tuniyev 2016   Vipera renardi Eastern Steppe Viper Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 David & Ineich 1999 David & Vogel 2010 Geniez 2018 Gvozdik, Jandzik, Cordos, Rehak & Kotlik 2012 Joger & Dely in Joger & Stumpel 2005 Nilson & Andren 2001 Tuniyev 2016 Tuniyev, Avci, Ilgaz, Olgun, Petrova, Bodrov, Geniez & Teynie 2018 Venchi & Sindaco 2007

	Turtles (Testudines)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles) Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)   Caretta caretta Loggerhead Sea Turtle Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Brongersma in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Gramentz in Fritz (ed.) 2005 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]  Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle) Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)   Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback Sea Turtle Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Poltev, Prokofiev & Shubin 2010 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]  Family Emydidae (Western Pond Turtles) Genus Emys (European Pond Turtles)   Emys orbicularis Common European Pond Turtle Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Fritz in Fritz (ed.) 2001 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]  Family Geoemydidae (Eastern Pond Turtles) Genus Mauremys (Stripe-necked Turtles)   Mauremys caspica Caspian Turtle Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Szczerbak 2003 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] Wischuf & Fritz in Fritz (ed.) 2001  Family Testudinidae (Tortoises) Genus Testudo (Palearctic Tortoises)   Testudo graeca Spur-thighed Tortoise Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 Buskirk, Keller & Andreu in Fritz (ed.) 2001 Fritz & Havas 2006 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949]  Family Trionychidae (Softshell Turtles) Genus Pelodiscus (East Asian Softshell Turtles)   Pelodiscus maackii Amur Softshell Turtle Adnagulov & Oleinikov 2006 [as sinensis] Ananjeva, Orlov, Khalikov, Darevsky, Ryabov & Barabanov 2006 [as sinensis] Fritz & Havas 2006 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Schneeweiss & Mix 2011 Szczerbak 2003 [as sinensis] Terentjev & Chernov 1965 [1949] [as sinensis] Vetter & Dijk 2006