Reptiles of Oman  Related checklists:  Masirah Bibliography of the reptiles of Oman Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Oman Introduced species

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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial. Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:

	Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Trogonophidae (Short-headed Worm Lizards) Genus Diplometopon (Arabian Speckled Worm Lizard)   Diplometopon zarudnyi Arabian Speckled Worm Lizard Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gans 2005 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Leviton, Anderson, Adler & Minton 1992

	Lizards (Sauria)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Agamidae (Agamas and Dragons) Genus Acanthocercus (Ridgeback Agamas)   Acanthocercus adramitanus Hadhramaut Ridgeback Agama Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Ball & Borrell 2016 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Schatti & Gasperetti 1994 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000 Genus Phrynocephalus (Toad-headed Agamas)   Phrynocephalus arabicus Arabian Toad-headed Agama Arnold 1980 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Melnikov, Melnikova, Nazarov, Rajabizadeh, Al-Johany, Amr & Ananjeva 2014 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   Phrynocephalus longicaudatus Long-tailed Toad-headed Agama Arnold 1980 [as maculatus] Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 [as maculatus] Gardner 2013 [as maculatus] Kooij 2001 [as maculatus]   * Phrynocephalus sakoi Sharqiyah Toad-headed Agama Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Melnikov, Melnikova, Nazarov, Al-Johany & Ananjeva 2015 Genus Pseudotrapelus (Afro-Arabian Desert Agamas)   * Pseudotrapelus dhofarensis Dhofar Desert Agama Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 2013 [as "cf. sinaitus"] Meinig & Kessler 1998 [as sinaitus] Melnikov & Pierson 2012 Melnikov, Ananjeva & Papenfuss 2013 Tamar, Scholz, Crochet, Geniez, Meiri, Schmitz, Wilms & Carranza 2016   Pseudotrapelus jensvindumi East Arabian Desert Agama Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 [as s. sinaitus] Melnikov, Ananjeva & Papenfuss 2013 Tamar, Scholz, Crochet, Geniez, Meiri, Schmitz, Wilms & Carranza 2016 Genus Trapelus (Afro-Asian Ground Agamas)   Trapelus flavimaculatus Yellow-spotted Agama Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Rastegar-Pouyani 1998 Genus Uromastyx (Western Spiny-tailed Agamas)   Uromastyx aegyptia Egyptian Spiny-tailed Agama Arnold 1980 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Wilms & Boehme 2000 Wilms & Boehme 2007 Wilms & Hulbert 2000 Wilms 2001 Wilms, Boehme, Wagner, Lutzmann & Schmitz 2009   Uromastyx benti South Arabian Spiny-tailed Agama Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Seufer, Kowalski, Prokoph & Zilger 1998 Wilms & Boehme 2000 Wilms & Boehme 2007 Wilms & Hulbert 2000 Wilms 2001 Wilms, Boehme, Wagner, Lutzmann & Schmitz 2009 Zilger, Zwanzig, Grossmann, Kowalski & Ballandat 2016   * Uromastyx thomasi Oman Spiny-tailed Agama Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Meinig & Kessler 1998 Wilms & Boehme 2007 Wilms & Hulbert 2000 Wilms 2001 Wilms, Boehme, Wagner, Lutzmann & Schmitz 2009  Family Chamaeleonidae (Chameleons) Genus Chamaeleo (Typical Chameleons)   Chamaeleo arabicus Arabian Chameleon Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Ball & Borrell 2016 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Glaw 2015 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Tilbury 2010  Family Gekkonidae (Typical Geckos) Genus Bunopus (South West Asian Tuberculated Geckos)   Bunopus tuberculatus Southern Tuberculated Gecko Arnold 1980 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Wilms & Hulbert 2000 Genus Cyrtopodion (Palearctic Bent-toed Geckos)   Cyrtopodion scabrum Keeled Rock Gecko Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Wilms & Hulbert 2000 Genus Hemidactylus (Half-toed Geckos)   Hemidactylus alkiyumii Tawi Atair Half-toed Gecko Ball & Borrell 2016 Carranza & Arnold 2012 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 2013 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   * Hemidactylus endophis Muscat Half-toed Gecko Carranza & Arnold 2012 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 2013 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   Hemidactylus festivus Wadi Ayoun Half-toed Gecko Carranza & Arnold 2012 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 2013 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   Hemidactylus flaviviridis Yellow-bellied House Gecko Arnold 1980 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   * Hemidactylus hajarensis Hajar Mountains Half-toed Gecko Carranza & Arnold 2012 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   * Hemidactylus inexpectatus Ar Rumayliyah Half-toed Gecko Carranza & Arnold 2012 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 2013 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   Hemidactylus lemurinus Dhofar Half-toed Gecko Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Ball & Borrell 2016 Carranza & Arnold 2012 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008   * Hemidactylus luqueorum Jebel Akhdar Half-toed Gecko Carranza & Arnold 2012 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   * Hemidactylus masirahensis Masirah Island Half-toed Gecko Carranza & Arnold 2012 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 2013 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   Hemidactylus minutus Dwarf Half-toed Gecko Arnold 1980 [as H. homoeolepis] Arnold 1986 [as H. homoeolepis] Ball & Borrell 2016 Carranza & Arnold 2012 [as H. homoeolepis] Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 [as H. homoeolepis] Gardner 2013 [as H. homoeolepis] Kooij 2001 [as H. homoeolepis] Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 [as H. homoeolepis] Vasconcelos & Carranza 2014 Wilms & Hulbert 2000 [as H. homoeolepis]   * Hemidactylus paucituberculatus Khor Sawli Half-toed Gecko Carranza & Arnold 2012 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 2013 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   Hemidactylus persicus Persian Half-toed Gecko Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   Hemidactylus robustus Red Sea Half-toed Gecko Arnold 1980 [as turcicus parkeri] Arnold 1986 [as turcicus] Ball & Borrell 2016 Carranza & Arnold 2012 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 [as turcicus] Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 [as turcicus] Meinig & Kessler 1998 [as parkeri] Wilms & Hulbert 2000 [as turcicus parkeri] Genus Pseudoceramodactylus (Gulf Sand Gecko)   Pseudoceramodactylus khobarensis Gulf Sand Gecko Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Genus Stenodactylus (Afro-Asian Thin-toed Geckos)   Stenodactylus doriae Middle Eastern Thin-toed Gecko Arnold 1980 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   Stenodactylus leptocosymbotes Eastern Arabian Thin-toed Gecko Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Meinig & Kessler 1998 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000 Genus Trachydactylus (Arabian Tuberculated Geckos)   Trachydactylus hajarensis Hajar Tuberculated Gecko Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001 Leviton, Anderson, Adler & Minton 1992 Meinig & Kessler 1998 Pous, Machado, Metallinou, Cervenka, Kratochvil, Paschou, Mazuch, Smid, Simo-Riudalbas, Sanuy & Carranza 2016 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   Trachydactylus spatalurus South Arabian Tuberculated Gecko Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Pous, Machado, Metallinou, Cervenka, Kratochvil, Paschou, Mazuch, Smid, Simo-Riudalbas, Sanuy & Carranza 2016 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Genus Trigonodactylus (Triangle-scaled Geckos)   Trigonodactylus arabicus Arabian Triangle-scaled Gecko Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Metallinou & Carranza 2013 Nazarov, Melnikov, Radjabizadeh & Poyarkov 2018 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   * Trigonodactylus sharqiyahensis Oman Triangle-scaled Gecko Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Metallinou & Carranza 2013 Nazarov, Melnikov, Radjabizadeh & Poyarkov 2018 Genus Tropiocolotes (Afro-Asian Desert Dwarf Geckos)   * Tropiocolotes confusus Oman Dwarf Gecko Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Machado, Smid, Mazuch, Sindaco, Al Shukaili & Carranza 2018 Ribeiro Junior, Tamar, Maza, Flecks, Wagner, Shacham, Calvo, Geniez, Crochet, Koch & Meiri 2022   Tropiocolotes scorteccii Yemen Dwarf Gecko Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Machado, Smid, Mazuch, Sindaco, Al Shukaili & Carranza 2018 Ribeiro Junior, Tamar, Maza, Flecks, Wagner, Shacham, Calvo, Geniez, Crochet, Koch & Meiri 2022 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000  Family Lacertidae (Typical Lizards) Genus Acanthodactylus (Fringe-toed Lizards)   Acanthodactylus blanfordii Makran Fringe-toed Lizard Arnold 1983 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Salvador 1982 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   Acanthodactylus boskianus Afro-Arabian Fringe-toed Lizard Arnold 1980 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Salvador 1982 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   Acanthodactylus felicis South Arabian Fringe-toed Lizard Arnold 1983 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Salvador 1982 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   Acanthodactylus haasi Eastern Saudi Fringe-toed Lizard Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008   Acanthodactylus masirae Masirah Fringe-toed Lizard Arnold 1983 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Meinig & Kessler 1998 Salvador 1982 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008   Acanthodactylus opheodurus Snake-tailed Fringe-toed Lizard Arnold 1980 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Salvador 1982 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008   Acanthodactylus schmidti Middle East Fringe-toed Lizard Arnold 1980 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Salvador 1982 Wilms & Hulbert 2000 Genus Mesalina (Afro-Asian Desert Lizards)   Mesalina adramitana Hadramaut Desert Lizard Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Meinig & Kessler 1998 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000 Yousefkhani, Marin & Rastegar-Pouyani 2015   Mesalina austroarabica South Arabian Desert Lizard Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Sindaco, Simo-Riudalbas, Sacchi & Carranza 2018   * Mesalina ayunensis Ayun Desert Lizard Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000 [as "cf. ayunensis"] Yousefkhani, Marin & Rastegar-Pouyani 2015 Genus Omanosaura (Oman Lizards)   Omanosaura cyanura Arabian Blue-tailed Lizard Arnold 1972 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   Omanosaura jayakari Eastern Arabian Lizard Arnold 1972 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000  Family Phyllodactylidae (Leaf-toed Geckos) Genus Asaccus (Middle East Leaf-toed Geckos)   * Asaccus arnoldi Hajar Mountains Leaf-toed Gecko Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Simo-Riudalbas, Tarroso, Papenfuss, Al-Sariri & Carranza 2017   Asaccus gallagheri Masafi Leaf-toed Gecko Arnold & Gardner 1994 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001 Pierson 2014 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008   Asaccus gardneri Musandam Leaf-toed Gecko Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Carranza, Simo-Riudalbas, Jayasinghe, Wilms & Els 2016   Asaccus margaritae Wadi al Helo Leaf-toed Gecko Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Carranza, Simo-Riudalbas, Jayasinghe, Wilms & Els 2016   * Asaccus montanus Mountain Leaf-toed Gecko Arnold & Gardner 1994 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1994 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008   * Asaccus platyrhynchus Flat-snouted Leaf-toed Gecko Arnold & Gardner 1994 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000 Genus Ptyodactylus (Fan-toed Geckos)   * Ptyodactylus dhofarensis Dhofar Fan-toed Gecko Ball & Borrell 2016 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Nazarov, Melnikov & Melnikova 2013   Ptyodactylus orlovi Eastern Arabian Fan-toed Gecko Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Nazarov, Melnikov & Melnikova 2013   Ptyodactylus ruusaljibalicus Ruus al Jibal Fan-toed Gecko Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Simo-Riudalbas, Metallinou, Pous, Els, Jayasinghe, Pentek-Zakar, Wilms, Al-Saadi & Carranza 2017  Family Scincidae (Skinks) Genus Ablepharus (Eurasian Snake-eyed Skinks)   Ablepharus pannonicus Southwest Asian Snake-eyed Skink Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski & Schillert 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Genus Chalcides (Cylindrical Skinks)   Chalcides ocellatus Mediterranean Ocellated Skink Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Wilms & Hulbert 2000 Genus Heremites (Western Palearctic Grass Skinks)   Heremites septemtaeniatus Seven-striped Grass Skink Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Moravec, Franzen & Boehme 2006 Genus Scincus (Sand Fish)   Scincus conirostris Persian Sand Fish Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Seufer, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Grossmann 2022 Smid, Uvizl, Shobrak, Salim, AlGethami, Algethami, Alanazi, Alsubaie, Busais & Carranza 2021 Zwanzig, Hoelzer & Grossmann 2015   Scincus mitranus Eastern Arabian Sand Fish Arnold & Leviton 1977 Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Arnold, Geniez, Roca & Mateo 2008 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Smid, Uvizl, Shobrak, Salim, AlGethami, Algethami, Alanazi, Alsubaie, Busais & Carranza 2021 Wilms & Hulbert 2000 Genus Trachylepis (African-American Grass and Forest Skinks)   Trachylepis brevicollis Short-necked Skink Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001   Trachylepis tessellata Tessellated Skink Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Ball & Borrell 2016 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008  Family Sphaerodactylidae (Least Geckos, etc.) Genus Pristurus (Semaphore Geckos)   Pristurus carteri Masirah Semaphore Gecko Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Arnold 1993 Arnold 2009 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Meinig & Kessler 1998 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   Pristurus celerrimus Bar-tailed Semaphore Gecko Arnold 1986 Arnold 1993 Arnold 2009 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008   * Pristurus gallagheri Oman Semaphore Gecko Arnold 1993 Arnold 2009 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   * Pristurus masirahensis Masirah Semaphore Gecko Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Tamar, Mitsi, Simo-Riudalbas, Tejero-Cicuendez, Al-Sariri & Carranza 2019   Pristurus minimus Lesser Semaphore gecko Arnold 1980 Arnold 1986 Arnold 1993 Arnold 2009 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Meinig & Kessler 1998 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Tamar, Mitsi, Simo-Riudalbas, Tejero-Cicuendez, Al-Sariri & Carranza 2019 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   Pristurus rupestris Rock Semaphore Gecko Arnold 1980 Arnold 1993 Arnold 2009 Ball & Borrell 2016 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001 Meinig & Kessler 1998 Wilms & Hulbert 2000  Family Varanidae (Monitor Lizards) Genus Varanus (Monitor Lizards)   Varanus griseus Desert Monitor Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gallagher & Arnold 1988 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001

	Snakes (Serpentes)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Boidae (Typical Boas) Genus Eryx (Sand Boas)   Eryx jayakari Arabian Sand Boa Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013  Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids) Genus Lytorhynchus (Awl-headed Snakes)   Lytorhynchus diadema Crowned Awl-headed Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   Lytorhynchus gaddi Iranian Awl-headed Snake Alshammari, Badry, Busais, Ibrahim & El-Abd 2021 Genus Platyceps (Flat-headed Whip Snakes)   Platyceps rhodorachis Wadi Whip Snake Ball & Borrell 2016 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001 Perry 2012 [as tesselata] Wilms & Hulbert 2000   Platyceps variabilis Arabian Whip Snake Ball & Borrell 2016 [as Coluber thomasi] Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 [as Platyceps sp.] Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Smid 2010 Genus Rhynchocalamus (Middle East Black-headed Snakes)   Rhynchocalamus arabicus South Arabian Black-headed Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Smid, Martinez, Gebhart, Aznar, Gallego, Goecmen, Pous, Tamar & Carranza 2015 Genus Spalerosophis (Diadem Snakes)   Spalerosophis diadema Common Diadem Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001 Genus Telescopus (Afro-Asian Cat Snakes)   Telescopus dhara Arabian Cat Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Els, Al-Johany, Amr, Baha-el-Din, Disi, Boehme, Geniez & Werner 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gardner, Tovey & Els 2009 Gasperetti 1988 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001  Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.) Genus Naja (Typical Cobras)   Naja arabica Arabian Cobra Ball & Borrell 2016 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001 Trape, Chirio, Broadley & Wuster 2009  Family Elapidae [part 2: marine species] (Sea Snakes) Genus Hydrophis (Typical Sea Snakes)   Hydrophis curtus Short Sea Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001 Smith 1926   Hydrophis cyanocinctus Blue-banded Sea Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001   Hydrophis lapemoides Persian Gulf Sea Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001   Hydrophis ornatus Reef Sea Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001   Hydrophis platurus Yellow-bellied Sea Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 David & Ineich 1999 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001   Hydrophis schistosus Beaked Sea Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   Hydrophis spiralis Narrow-banded Sea Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001 Smith 1926   Hydrophis viperinus Viperine Sea Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001 Genus Microcephalophis (Small-headed Sea Snakes)   Microcephalophis cantoris Spotted Small-headed Sea Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021   Microcephalophis gracilis Graceful Small-headed Sea Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001  Family Lamprophiidae (House Snakes, etc.) Genus Atractaspis (Stiletto Snakes)   Atractaspis andersonii Arabian Stiletto Snake Arnold 1980 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 David & Vogel 2010 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Grossmann, Zwanzig, Kowalski, Zilger, Colacicco & Ballandat 2018 Kooij 2001 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Malpolon (Montpellier Snakes)   Malpolon moilensis Moila Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001 Genus Psammophis (Old World Sand Snakes and Grass Snakes)   Psammophis schokari Arabian Sand Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001 Meinig & Kessler 1998  Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes) Genus Myriopholis (Many-scaled Thread Snakes)   Myriopholis macrorhyncha Large-snouted Thread Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001   Myriopholis nursii Aden Thread Snake Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013  Family Viperidae (Vipers) Genus Bitis (African Adders)   Bitis arietans Common Puff Adder Ball & Borrell 2016 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 David & Ineich 1999 David & Vogel 2010 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001 Genus Cerastes (Horned Vipers)   Cerastes gasperettii Middle Eastern Horned Viper Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Genus Echis (Carpet Vipers)   Echis carinatus Common Carpet Viper Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 David & Vogel 2010 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Kooij 2001 Meinig & Kessler 1998 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   Echis coloratus Painted Carpet Viper Babocsay 2004 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 David & Vogel 2010 Gardner 2013 Kooij 2001 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Pook, Joger, Stumpel & Wuster 2009 Wilms & Hulbert 2000   Echis khosatzkii Dhofar Carpet Viper Ball & Borrell 2016 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 David & Vogel 2010 Gardner 2013 Pook, Joger, Stumpel & Wuster 2009 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013   Echis omanensis Oman Carpet Viper Babocsay 2004 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 David & Vogel 2010 Gardner 2004 Gardner 2013 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Pook, Joger, Stumpel & Wuster 2009 Sindaco, Venchi & Grieco 2013 Genus Pseudocerastes (False Horned Vipers)   Pseudocerastes persicus Persian Horned Viper Bostanchi, Anderson, Kami & Papenfuss 2006 Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Cunningham 2002 Fathinia & Rastegar-Pouyani 2010 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti 1988 Grossmann, Kowalski, Zwanzig & Zilger 2012 Kooij 2001

	Turtles (Testudines)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles) Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)   Caretta caretta Loggerhead Sea Turtle Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti, Stimson, Miller, Ross & Gasperetti 1993 King & Burke 1989 Kooij 2001 Meinig & Kessler 1998 Papathanasopoulou 2009 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Ross & Barwani in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)   Chelonia mydas Green Sea Turtle Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti, Stimson, Miller, Ross & Gasperetti 1993 King & Burke 1989 Kooij 2001 Meinig & Kessler 1998 Papathanasopoulou 2009 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Ross & Barwani in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)   Eretmochelys imbricata Hawksbill Sea Turtle Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti, Stimson, Miller, Ross & Gasperetti 1993 King & Burke 1989 Kooij 2001 Papathanasopoulou 2009 Rees & Baker 2006 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Ross & Barwani in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Genus Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles)   Lepidochelys olivacea Olive Ridley Sea Turtle Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti, Stimson, Miller, Ross & Gasperetti 1993 King & Burke 1989 Kooij 2001 Papathanasopoulou 2009 Rees & Baker 2006 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Ross & Barwani in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982  Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle) Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)   Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback Sea Turtle Carranza, Els & Burriel-Carranza 2021 Gardner 1999 Gardner 2013 Gasperetti, Stimson, Miller, Ross & Gasperetti 1993 King & Burke 1989 Kooij 2001 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Ross & Barwani in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982