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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Latest update: 15th June, 2021).

Checklist General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial. Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:

	Snakes (Serpentes)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Anomalepididae (Neotropical Blind Snakes) Genus Liotyphlops (Smooth Blind Snakes)   Liotyphlops ternetzii Paraguayan Blind Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 [as beui] Hahn 1980 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 [as beui] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991  Family Boidae (Typical Boas) Genus Boa (Red-tailed Boas)   Boa constrictor South American Red-tailed Boa Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stimson 1969 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Epicrates (Rainbow Boas)   Epicrates alvarezi Argentinian Rainbow Boa Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stimson 1969 Williams & Francini 1991   Epicrates crassus Paraguayan Rainbow Boa Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Passos & Fernandes 2008 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stimson 1969 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Eunectes (Anacondas)   Eunectes notaeus Yellow Anaconda Dirksen 2001 Dirksen 2002 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stimson 1969 Williams & Francini 1991  Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids) Genus Adelphostigma (Twin-spotted Leaf-litter Snakes)   Adelphostigma occipitalis Bahia Leaf-litter Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Myers 1974 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Stazzonelli Sadir & Cabrera 2021 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Apographon (Bolivian Pampas Snake)   Apographon orestes Bolivian Pampas Snake Akmentins & Vaira 2010 Gallardo, Stazzonelli & Baldo 2014 Genus Apostolepis (Black-tailed Blackheads)   Apostolepis dimidiata Common Bilineate Blackhead Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Lema 1993 Lema 2001 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Williams & Francini 1991   Apostolepis multicincta Many-banded Blackhead Gallardo, Baldo, Vilte & Scrocchi 2017   Apostolepis quirogai Missiones Blackhead Giraudo & Scrocchi 1998 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Lema 2001 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Atractus (Spindle Snakes)   Atractus bocki Cochabamba Spindle Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 [as canedi] Passos, Aguayo & Scrocchi 2009   Atractus paraguayensis Paraguayan Spindle Snake Entiauspe-Neto & Abegg 2013 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 [as A. taeniatus] Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite 2010 Williams & Francini 1991 [as A. taeniatus]   Atractus reticulatus Reticulated Spindle Snake Alvarez, Rey & Cei 1992 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Koehler & Kieckbusch 2014 Passos, Chiesse, Torres-Carvajal & Savage 2009 Passos, Fernandes, Bernils & Moura-Leite 2010 Genus Boiruna (Southern Snake Eaters)   Boiruna maculata South American Spotted Snake Eater Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Scott, Giraudo, Scrocchi, Cacciali & Motte 2006 Zaher 1996 Genus Chironius (Sipos)   Chironius exoletus Green Sipo Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002   Chironius gouveai Uruguayan Sipo Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 [as bicarinatus] Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 [as bicarinatus] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as bicarinatus] Williams & Francini 1991 [as bicarinatus]   Chironius maculoventris Spot-bellied Sipo Dixon, Wiest & Cei 1993 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as Pseustes sexcarinatus] Williams & Francini 1991 [as Pseustes sexcarinatus] Genus Clelia (Northern Snake Eaters)   Clelia clelia Common Snake Eater Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Scott, Giraudo, Scrocchi, Cacciali & Motte 2006 Williams & Francini 1991   Clelia plumbea Plumbeous Snake Eater Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Scott, Giraudo, Scrocchi, Cacciali & Motte 2006 Genus Dibernardia (East South American Leaf-litter Snakes)   Dibernardia poecilopogon Uruguayan Leaf-litter Snake Etchepare & Zaracho 2009 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Myers 1974 Nenda & Pietro 2009 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Dipsas (Neotropical Snail Eaters)   Dipsas bucephala Bull Snail Eater Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002   Dipsas lavillai Argentine Snail Eater Ferreira & Avila 2009 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Scrocchi, Porto & Rey 1993   Dipsas mikanii Brazilian White-collared Snail Eater Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Scrocchi, Porto & Rey 1993   Dipsas turgida Bolivian Snail Eater Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Scrocchi, Porto & Rey 1993 Williams & Francini 1991   Dipsas ventrimaculata Spot-bellied Snail Eater Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Peters 1960 Scrocchi, Porto & Rey 1993 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Drymarchon (Indigo Snakes and Cribos)   Drymarchon corais Yellow-tailed Cribo Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 McCranie 1980 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Dryophylax (Northern Mock Vipers)   Dryophylax chaquensis Chaco Mock Viper Franco & Ferreira 2002 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Giraudo 1996 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021   Dryophylax hypoconia Southern Mock Viper Franco & Ferreira 2002 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 [as strigilis] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as strigilis] Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021 Williams & Francini 1991 [as strigilis] Genus Echinanthera (Neotropical Leaf-litter Snakes)   Echinanthera cyanopleura Blue-flanked Leaf-litter Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Giraudo, Couturier & Bernardo 1996 Genus Erythrolamprus (Neotropical Smooth Snakes)   Erythrolamprus aesculapii Southern Mock Coral Snake Curcio, Scali & Rodrigues 2015 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991   Erythrolamprus albertguentheri Bolivian Green Smooth Snake Dixon 1987 [as guentheri] Dixon 1989 [as guentheri] Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 [as guentheri] Williams & Francini 1991 [as guentheri]   Erythrolamprus almadensis Almada Smooth Snake Dixon 1991 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Panzera, Guerrero & Manayro 2017 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Vanzolini 1986   Erythrolamprus ceii Tucuman Smooth Snake Dixon 1991 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Panzera, Guerrero & Manayro 2017   Erythrolamprus frenatus Paraguayan Smooth Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Giraudo, Montanelli & Acosta 1993   Erythrolamprus jaegeri Southern Green Smooth Snake Dixon 1987 Dixon 1989 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991   Erythrolamprus macrosomus Southern Royal Smooth Snake Arzamendia 2016 [as E. reginae] Ascenso, Costa & Prudente 2019 Dixon 1989 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Williams & Francini 1991   Erythrolamprus miliaris Military Smooth Snake Dixon 1983 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Giraudo, Arzamendia & Cacciali 2006   Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus Yellow-bellied Smooth Snake Dixon 1989 Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Koch, Nunez, Azevedo, Moraes, Tiutenko, Bialves & Loebmann 2021 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Torres-Carvajal & Hinojosa 2020 Williams & Francini 1991   Erythrolamprus sagittifer Spotted Smooth Snake Dixon 1989 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991   Erythrolamprus semiaureus Golden Smooth Snake Dixon 1983 Dixon 1989 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Giraudo, Arzamendia & Cacciali 2006 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Galvarinus (Galvarino Scrub Snakes)   Galvarinus chilensis Chilean Scrub Snake Avila, Morando & Belver 2012 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Giraudo, Vidoz, Arzamendia & Nenda 2012 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Nenda, Blotto, Pereyra, Pinheiro & Giraudo 2017 Ortiz 1973 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Helicops (South American Keelbacks)   Helicops infrataeniatus Surinam Keelback Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Landgref-Filho & Aoki 2011 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991   Helicops leopardinus Leopard Keelback Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Hydrodynastes (False Water Cobras)   Hydrodynastes gigas Giant False Water Cobra Franco, Fernandes & Bentim 2007 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Hydrops (South American Mud Snakes)   Hydrops caesurus Southern Mud Snake Etchepare, Zaracho, Semhan & Aguirre 2012 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 [as triangularis] Scrocchi, Ferreira, Giraudo, Avila & Motte 2005 Williams & Francini 1991 [as triangularis bolivianus] Genus Imantodes (American Blunt-headed Tree Snakes)   Imantodes cenchoa Common Blunt-headed Tree Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Leptodeira (Typical Cat-eyed Snakes)   Leptodeira annulata South American Banded Cat-eyed Snake Barrio-Amoros 2019   Leptodeira pulchriceps Bodoquena Banded Cat-eyed Snake Duellman 1958 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Leptophis (Neotropical Parrot Snakes)   Leptophis marginatus Paraguayan Parrot Snake Albuquerque & Fernandes 2022 Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa & Avila 2022 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Oliver 1948 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Lygophis (South American Striped Ground Snakes)   Lygophis anomalus Yellow-striped Ground Snake Dixon 1985 Dixon 1989 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Panzera, Guerrero & Manayro 2017 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991   Lygophis dilepis Northern Striped Ground Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Lema 1989 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Yanosky, Dixon & Mercolli 1993   * Lygophis elegantissimus Spotted Striped Ground Snake Dixon 1985 Dixon 1989 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Williams & Francini 1991   Lygophis flavifrenatus Yellow-lined Ground Snake Dixon 1989 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991   Lygophis meridionalis Paraguayan Striped Ground Snake Dixon 1989 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Michaud & Dixon 1987 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991   * Lygophis vanzolinii Argentine Striped Ground Snake Dixon 1985 Dixon 1989 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Panzera, Guerrero & Manayro 2017 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Mesotes (Southern Mock Vipers)   Mesotes strigatus Striped Mock Viper Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Mussurana (Brazilian Snake Eaters)   Mussurana bicolor Two-coloured Snake Eater Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Rivas, Callapa, Eversole, Powell & Wallace 2023 Scott, Giraudo, Scrocchi, Cacciali & Motte 2006 Williams & Francini 1991 Zaher 1996   Mussurana quimi South Brazilian Snake Eater Entiauspe-Neto, Abegg, Quintela & Loebmann 2017 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Giraudo 1999 Scott, Giraudo, Scrocchi, Cacciali & Motte 2006 Genus Oxyrhopus (Calico Snakes)   Oxyrhopus clathratus Southern Brazilian Calico Snake Bernardo, Machado, Murphy & Zaher 2012 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991   Oxyrhopus guibei Parana Calico Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Zaher & Caramaschi 1992   Oxyrhopus petolarius Banded Calico Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Giraudo, Montanelli & Acosta 1993   Oxyrhopus rhombifer Rhombic Calico Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Palusophis (Eastern Lizard Eater)   Palusophis bifossatus Eastern Lizard Eater Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Montingelli 2009 Montingelli, Grazziotin, Battilana, Murphy, Zhang & Zaher 2019 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Paraphimophis (Rusty Snake Eater)   Paraphimophis rusticus Rusty Snake Eater Franco, Marques & Puorto 1997 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Perez, Medina & Avila 2012 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Scott, Giraudo, Scrocchi, Cacciali & Motte 2006 Williams & Francini 1991 Zaher 1996 Genus Phalotris (South American Collared Snakes)   * Phalotris bilineatus Two-lined Collared Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 [as suspectus] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as bollei] Scrocchi, Giraudo & Nenda 2022   * Phalotris cuyanus Mendoza Collared Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Leynaud, Cabrera & Carrasco 2005 Martins & Lema 2017 Videla, Moreni & Mayer 2018 Williams & Francini 1991   * Phalotris illustrator Burruyacú Diadem Snake Scrocchi, Giraudo & Nenda 2022   Phalotris lemniscatus Southern Black-sided Collared Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Scrocchi, Giraudo & Nenda 2022 Williams & Francini 1991   Phalotris punctatus Spotted Collared Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Lema 1979 Martins & Lema 2017 Williams & Francini 1991   Phalotris reticulatus Southern Reticulated Collared Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 [as Elapomorphus lemniscatus iheringi] Scrocchi, Giraudo & Nenda 2022 Williams & Francini 1991 [as Elapomorphus lemniscatus iheringi]   Phalotris sansebastiani Bolivian Collared Snake Scrocchi & Giraudo 2012   * Phalotris spegazzinii La Plata Diadem Snake Boulenger 1913 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Scrocchi, Giraudo & Nenda 2022 Williams & Francini 1991   * Phalotris suspectus Pilár Diadem Snake Amaral 1924 Scrocchi, Giraudo & Nenda 2022 Genus Philodryas (South American Bush Racers)   Philodryas aestiva Eastern Brazilian Green Bush Racer Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Thomas 1976 Williams & Francini 1991   Philodryas baroni Long-nosed Bush Racer Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Thomas 1976 Williams & Francini 1991   Philodryas erlandi Chaco Bush Racer Cacciali, Cabral, Ferreira & Koehler 2016 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 [as mattogrossensis] Thomas 1976 [as mattogrossensis] Williams & Francini 1991 [as mattogrossensis]   Philodryas olfersii Common Green Bush Racer Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Thomas 1976 Williams & Francini 1991   Philodryas psammophidea South American Striped Racer Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Thomas 1976 Williams & Francini 1991   * Philodryas trilineata Argentine Racer Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 [as burmeisteri] Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 [as Philodryas burmeisteri] Thomas 1976 [as burmeisteri] Williams & Francini 1991 [as burmeisteri]   Philodryas varia Variegated Bush Racer Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Thomas 1976 [as borellii] Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Phimophis (South American Shovel-nosed Snakes)   Phimophis guerini Argentine Shovel-nosed Snake Filho, Santana, Vieira, Alves, Montenegro & Freitas 2012 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Leynaud & Chiaraviglio 1996 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991   Phimophis vittatus Striped Shovel-nosed Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Pseudablabes (Reticulated Bush Racers)   Pseudablabes agassizii Burrowing Night Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Pietro, Christie & Williams 2013 Williams & Francini 1991   Pseudablabes patagoniensis Patagonian Bush Racer Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Gouveia, Novelli, Vieira & Sousa 2017 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Thomas 1976 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Pseudoboa (Neotropical Scarlet Snakes)   Pseudoboa haasi Parana Scarlet Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Martins, Alencar & Gaiarsa 2010 Morato, Moura-Leite, Costa Prudente & Bernils 1995   Pseudoboa nigra Blackish Scarlet Snake Etchepare, Acosta, Giraudo, Palomas & Abreliano 2015 Genus Pseudoeryx (Dusky Mud Snakes)   Pseudoeryx plicatilis Dusky Mud Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Giraudo 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Scartozzoni, Trevine & Germano 2010 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Psomophis (Smooth Ground Snakes)   Psomophis genimaculatus Spirit Ground Snake Acosta, Calamante & Alvarez 2010 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Lions & Alvarez 1997 Ziegler, Lehr & Unger 2001   Psomophis obtusus Red-bellied Ground Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Myers & Cadle 1994 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Pietro, Nenda & Williams 2010 Genus Rhachidelus (Brazilian Bird Snake)   Rhachidelus brazili Brazilian Bird Snake Arruda, Avila, Morais & Kawashito-Ribeiro 2011 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Spilotes (Chicken Snakes)   Spilotes pullatus Chicken Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Tachymenis (South American Scrub Snakes)   Tachymenis ocellata Ocellated Pampas Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991   Tachymenis peruviana Peruvian Scrub Snake Gallardo, Nenda & Scrocchi Manfrini 2019 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Williams & Francini 1991   * Tachymenis trigonata Argentine Mock Lancehead Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Tantilla (American Centipede Snakes)   Tantilla melanocephala South American Black-headed Centipede Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Montanelli & Alvarez 1998 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Ramos, Gallardo & Baldo 2013 Wilson & Mata-Silva 2015 Wilson & Mena 1980 Wilson 1987 Wilson 1992 Genus Tomodon (Pampas Snakes)   Tomodon dorsatus Brazilian Pampas Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991 Genus Xenodon (Northern Mock Lanceheads and South American Hognose Snakes)   Xenodon dorbignyi Spotted Hognose Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991   Xenodon histricus Rayed Hognose Snake D'Angelo, Agnolin & Godoy 2015 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Silva-Alves, Bolzan, Santos, Gressler & Cechin 2013 Williams & Francini 1991   Xenodon merremii Toad-eating Mock Lancehead Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Vuoto 1996 Williams & Francini 1991   Xenodon neuwiedii East Brazilian Mock Lancehead Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970   Xenodon pulcher Bolivian Hognose Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Scrocchi & Cruz 1993   Xenodon semicinctus Ringed Hognose Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Scrocchi & Cruz 1993 Genus Zonateres (Pantanal Mock Viper)   Zonateres lanei Pantanal Mock Viper Bailey, Thomas & Silva 2005 Trevine, Caicedo-Portilla, Hoogmoed, Thomas, Franco, Montingelli, Osorno-Munoz & Zaher 2021  Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.) Genus Micrurus (American Coral Snakes)   Micrurus altirostris Uruguayan Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Silva & Sites 1999 Williams & Francini 1991   Micrurus baliocoryphus Mesopotamian Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Roze 1996 Silva & Sites 1999 Williams & Francini 1991   Micrurus carvalhoi Brazilian Ribbon Coral Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 [as M. lemniscatus] Pires, Silva, Feitosa, Prudente, Filho & Zaher 2014   Micrurus corallinus Painted Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Roze 1996 Williams & Francini 1991   Micrurus pyrrhocryptus Argentine Coral Snake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Roze 1996 Silva & Sites 1999 Williams & Francini 1991   Micrurus silviae Passo Fundo Coral Snake Giraudo, Nenda, Arzamendia, Bellini & Franzoy 2015  Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes) Genus Epictia (Neotropical Thread Snakes)   Epictia albipuncta White-spotted Thread Snake Acosta, Blanco, Galdeano, Gomez Ales & Acosta 2017 Francisco, Pinto & Fernandes 2012 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wallach 2016 Williams & Francini 1991   Epictia australis Rio Negro Thread Snake Francisco, Pinto & Fernandes 2012 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wallach 2016 Williams & Francini 1991   Epictia melanoterma Corrientes Thread Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Wallach 2016   Epictia munoai Rio Grande do Sul Thread Snake Francisco, Pinto & Fernandes 2012 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991   Epictia striatula Yungas Thread Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Wallach 2016 Williams & Francini 1991   Epictia vellardi Argentine Thread Snake Francisco, Pinto & Fernandes 2012 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Williams & Francini 1991   * Epictia weyrauchi Tucuman Thread Snake McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Genus Siagonodon (Mandible-toothed Thread Snakes)   * Siagonodon borrichianus Mendoza Thread Snake Francisco, Pinto & Fernandes 2018 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Perez, Perez & Avila 2010 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991   Siagonodon unguirostris Cordoba Thread Snake Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Martins, Koch, Pinto, Folly, Fouquet & Passos 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970 Williams & Francini 1991  Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes) Genus Amerotyphlops (American Blind Snakes)   Amerotyphlops brongersmianus Bahia Blind Snake Dixon & Hendricks 1979 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Graboski, Arredondo, Grazziotin, Silva, Prudente, Rodrigues, Bonatto & Zaher 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Williams & Francini 1991  Family Viperidae (Vipers) Genus Bothrops (American Lanceheads)   Bothrops alternatus Urutu Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Carrasco, Harvey & Munoz-Saravia 2009 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Williams & Francini 1991   * Bothrops ammodytoides Patagonian Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Carrasco, Harvey & Munoz-Saravia 2009 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021 Williams & Francini 1991   Bothrops cotiara Southeast Brazilian Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Williams & Francini 1991   Bothrops diporus Chaco Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Silva & Rodrigues 2008 Vechio, Prates, Grazziotin, Graboski & Rodrigues 2021 Williams & Francini 1991   Bothrops jararaca Jararaca Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Williams & Francini 1991   Bothrops jararacussu Jararacussu Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Williams & Francini 1991   Bothrops jonathani Cochabamba Lancehead Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Carrasco, Harvey & Munoz-Saravia 2009   Bothrops mattogrossensis Mato Grosso Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Silva & Rodrigues 2008   Bothrops moojeni Brazilian Lancehead Campbell & Lamar 2004 Carrasco, Grazziotin, Farfan, Koch, Ochoa, Scrocchi, Leynaud & Chaparro 2019 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Williams & Francini 1991   Bothrops neuwiedi Eastern Brazilian Lancehead David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Genus Crotalus (Typical Rattlesnakes)   Crotalus durissus South American Rattlesnake Campbell & Lamar 2004 David, Dobiey & Vogel 2018 Giraudo & Scrocchi 2002 Williams & Francini 1991