Reptiles of Ghana    Bibliography of the reptiles of Ghana Taxonomic history of the reptiles of Ghana Introduced species

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Citation: Midtgaard, Rune. RepFocus - A Survey of the Reptiles of the World. www.repfocus.dk (Compilation date: 14th April, 2023).

Checklist General remarks: The list includes only formally described species. Newly discovered, but still unnamed species are excluded. However, unnamed species or species unassigned to species level are included, if they are the only representatives of their genus in the region. Species counts exclude extinct and introduced species. Doubtful records, typically older voucher specimens of uncertain origin, have been excluded if considered questionable, as are records based on sources considered unreliable or controversial. Note: Your comments to the checklist (omissions, errors, etc.) are welcomed, preferably if they are provided with reliable references. If possible, please attach a pdf file of the relevant reference to an email addressed to:

	Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Amphisbaenidae (Typical Worm Lizards) Genus Cynisca (West African Round-headed Worm Lizards)   * Cynisca kraussi Ghanese Worm Lizard Gans 1987 Gans 2005 Hughes 1988   Cynisca leucura White-tailed Worm Lizard Gans 1987 Gans 2005 Hughes 1988   * Cynisca muelleri Akropong Worm Lizard Gans 1987 Gans 2005 Hughes 1988   * Cynisca williamsi Wenchi Worm Lizard Gans 1987 Gans 2005 Hughes 1988

	Crocodilians (Crocodylia)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Crocodylidae (Crocodiles) Genus Crocodylus (Typical Crocodiles)   Crocodylus suchus West African Crocodile Fuchs, Mertens & Wermuth 1974 Hughes 1988 [as niloticus] King & Burke 1989 [as niloticus] Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Wermuth & Mertens 1977 Genus Mecistops (African Slender-snouted Crocodiles)   Mecistops cataphractus West African Slender-snouted Crocodile Hughes 1988 King & Burke 1989 Shirley, Carr, Nestler, Vliet & Brochu 2018 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Genus Osteolaemus (Dwarf Crocodiles)   Osteolaemus tetraspis West African Dwarf Crocodile Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Hughes 1988 King & Burke 1989 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012

	Lizards (Sauria)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Agamidae (Agamas and Dragons) Genus Agama (Typical Agamas)   Agama africana West African Rainbow Agama Leache, Grummer, Miller, Krishnan, Fujita, Böhme, Schmitz, LeBreton, Ineich, Chirio, Ofori-boateng, Eniang, Greenbaum, Rödel & Wagner 2016 McDonald 1981 [as sylvanus] Mediannikov, Trape & Trape 2012 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Agama agama Common Rainbow Agama Böhme, Wagner, Malonza, Loetters & Koehler 2005 Ernst, Agyei & Rödel 2005 Hughes 1988 Joger 1981 Leache, Grummer, Miller, Krishnan, Fujita, Böhme, Schmitz, LeBreton, Ineich, Chirio, Ofori-boateng, Eniang, Greenbaum, Rödel & Wagner 2016 [as A. picticauda] Leache, Rödel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Mediannikov, Trape & Trape 2012 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Wagner, Barej & Schmitz 2009 [as A. picticauda]   Agama doriae Nigerian Agama Mediannikov, Trape & Trape 2012 Moody & Böhme 1984 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Agama gracilimembris Lesser Ground Agama Hughes 1988 Mediannikov, Trape & Trape 2012 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Wagner & Bauer 2011   Agama parafricana Lesser African Forest Agama Leache, Grummer, Miller, Krishnan, Fujita, Böhme, Schmitz, LeBreton, Ineich, Chirio, Ofori-boateng, Eniang, Greenbaum, Rödel & Wagner 2016 Mediannikov, Trape & Trape 2012 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Agama sankaranica Sankaranian Agama Grandison 1968 Hughes 1988 Leache, Rödel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Mediannikov, Trape & Trape 2012 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Wermuth 1967  Family Chamaeleonidae (Chameleons) Genus Chamaeleo (Typical Chameleons)   Chamaeleo africanus Sahel Chameleon Glaw 2015   Chamaeleo gracilis Graceful Chameleon Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Glaw 2015 Hughes 1988 Klaver & Boehme 1997 Tilbury 2010 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Chamaeleo senegalensis Senegal Chameleon Glaw 2015 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Tilbury 2010 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012  Family Eublepharidae (Eyelid Geckos) Genus Hemitheconyx (African Fat-tailed Geckos)   Hemitheconyx caudicinctus West African Fat-tailed Gecko Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Seufer, Kaverkin & Kirschner (eds.) 2005 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012  Family Gekkonidae (Typical Geckos) Genus Ancylodactylus (African Rock and Forest Geckos)   Ancylodactylus spinicollis Spiny-necked Rock Gecko Hughes 1988 Leache & Boateng 2009 Perret 1986 Segniagbeto 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Genus Hemidactylus (Half-toed Geckos)   Hemidactylus albivertebralis White-lined Half-toed Gecko Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Hemidactylus angulatus West African House Gecko Avery 1981 [as brookii] Chirio & LeBreton 2007 Hughes 1988 [as brookii] Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 [as brookii] Loveridge 1947 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Hemidactylus ansorgii Slender Forest Gecko Chirio & LeBreton 2007 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Hemidactylus fasciatus African Banded Forest Gecko Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Hughes 1988 Joger 1981 Leache & Boateng 2009 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Loveridge 1947 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Wagner, Leache & Fujita 2014   Hemidactylus kyaboboensis Kyabobo Half-toed Gecko Wagner, Leache & Fujita 2014   Hemidactylus mabouia Cosmopolitan House Gecko Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Loveridge 1947 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Hemidactylus muriceus Prickly Half-toed Gecko Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Henle & Boehme 2003 Hughes 1988 Leache & Boateng 2009 [as "cf. muriceus"] Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Wermuth 1965 Genus Lygodactylus (African-Neotropical Dwarf Geckos)   Lygodactylus conraui Cameroon Dwarf Gecko Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Hughes 1988 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Lygodactylus gutturalis Chevron-throated Dwarf Gecko Chirio & LeBreton 2007 Grandison 1956 Hughes 1988 [as picturatus] Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012  Family Gerrhosauridae (Plated Lizards) Genus Broadleysaurus (Rough-scaled Plated Lizard)   Broadleysaurus major Rough-scaled Plated Lizard Bates, Tolley, Edwards, Davids, Silva & Branch 2013 Broadley 1987 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012  Family Lacertidae (Typical Lizards) Genus Acanthodactylus (Fringe-toed Lizards)   Acanthodactylus boueti Benin Fringe-toed Lizard Arnold 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Acanthodactylus guineensis Guinea Fringe-toed Lizard Arnold 1983 Hughes 1988 Meinig & Boehme 2002 Salvador 1982 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Genus Gastropholis (Keel-bellied Lizards)   Gastropholis echinata African Spiny-tailed Lizard Arnold 1989 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Genus Heliobolus (Bushveld Lizards)   Heliobolus nitida Red-tailed Bushveld Lizard Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Genus Holaspis (Blue-tailed Gliding Lizards)   Holaspis guentheri Western Blue-tailed Gliding Lizard Arnold 1989 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012  Family Phyllodactylidae (Leaf-toed Geckos) Genus Ptyodactylus (Fan-toed Geckos)   Ptyodactylus togoensis Sahelian Fan-toed Gecko Chirio & LeBreton 2007 [as P. ragazzii] Heimes 1987 [as P. ragazzii] Hughes 1988 [as P. hasselquistii] Lanza 1990 [as P. ragazzii] Genus Tarentola (Wall Geckos)   Tarentola ephippiata African Wall Gecko Hughes 1988 Joger 1984 Sindaco & Jeremchenko 2008 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012  Family Scincidae (Skinks) Genus Chalcides (Cylindrical Skinks)   Chalcides thierryi Togo Cylindrical Skink Carranza, Arnold, Geniez, Roca & Mateo 2008 Greenbaum 2005 Hughes 1988 Papenfuss 1969 Pasteur 1981 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Genus Cophoscincopus (West African Keeled Water Skinks)   Cophoscincopus greeri Guinean Keeled Water Skink Boehme, Schmitz & Ziegler 2000 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Cophoscincopus simulans Ghanese Keeled Water Skink Boehme, Schmitz & Ziegler 2000 Leache & Boateng 2009 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 [as "cf. simulans"] Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Genus Mochlus (African Supple Skinks)   Mochlus brevicaudis Short-tailed Supple Skink Greer, Grandison & Barbault 1985 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Mochlus fernandi Western Red-flanked Skink Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Wagner, Boehme, Pauwels & Schmitz 2009   Mochlus guineensis Guinean Supple Skink Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Genus Panaspis (African Snake-eyed Skinks)   Panaspis togoensis Togo Snake-eyed Skink Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Fuhn 1972 Hughes 1988 Leache & Boateng 2009 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Medina, Bauer, Branch, Schmitz, Conradie, Nagy, Hibbitts, Ernst, Portik, Nielsen, Colston, Kusamba, Behangana, Roedel & Greenbaum 2016 Perret 1973 Schmitz, Ineich & Chirio 2005 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Panaspis tristaoi Nimba Snake-eyed Skink Hughes 1988 [as nimbaensis] Leache 2005 [as P. "nimbaense"] Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Genus Trachylepis (African-American Grass and Forest Skinks)   Trachylepis affinis Lesser Brown-flanked Skink Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Hoogmoed 1974 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Trachylepis aureogularis Orange-throated Skink Hoogmoed 1974 [as albilabris] Hughes 1988 [as albilabris] Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Trachylepis buettneri Togo Savanna Skink Hoogmoed 1974 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Trachylepis maculilabris Common Speckled-lipped Skink Hoogmoed 1974 Hughes 1988 Joger 1981 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Trachylepis paucisquamis Western Forest Skink Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Hoogmoed 1974 [as polytropis occidentalis] Hughes 1988 [as polytropis] Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Trachylepis perrotetii Orange-flanked Skink Hoogmoed 1974 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Trachylepis quinquetaeniata African Five-lined Skink Hoogmoed 1974 Hughes 1988 Koppetsch 2020 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Trachylepis rodenburgi Ghanese Savanna Skink Hoogmoed 1974 Hughes 1988 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012  Family Varanidae (Monitor Lizards) Genus Varanus (Monitor Lizards)   Varanus exanthematicus Western Savanna Monitor Bayless 2002 Bennett in Pianka, King & King (eds.) 2004 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Varanus niloticus Nile Monitor Bayless 2002 Boehme & Ziegler 1997 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Varanus stellatus African Forest Monitor Bayless 2002 [as V. ornatus] Boehme & Ziegler 1997 [as V. ornatus] Boehme & Ziegler in Pianka, King & King (eds.) 2004 [as V. ornatus] Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 [as V. ornatus]

	Snakes (Serpentes)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Boidae (Typical Boas) Genus Calabaria (Calabar Boa)   Calabaria reinhardtii Calabar Boa Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Eryx (Sand Boas)   Eryx muelleri West African Sand Boa Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Trape & Balde 2014  Family Colubridae (Typical Snakes or Colubrids) Genus Afronatrix (West African Brown Water Snake)   Afronatrix anoscopus West African Brown Water Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape & Balde 2014 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Bamanophis (West African Whip Snake)   Bamanophis dorri West African Whip Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Schatti & Trape 2008 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Crotaphopeltis (Herald Snakes)   Crotaphopeltis hippocrepis West African Herald Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes 1988 Rasmussen 1985 Rasmussen, Chirio & Ineich 2000 Trape & Balde 2014   Crotaphopeltis hotamboeia Common Herald Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Papenfuss 1969 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Dasypeltis (African Egg Eaters)   Dasypeltis confusa Diamondback Egg Eater Bates 2013 Chirio & LeBreton 2007 Trape & Balde 2014   Dasypeltis fasciata Central African Egg Eater Chirio & LeBreton 2007 Gans 1959 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014   Dasypeltis gansi Savanna Egg Eater Bates, Trape & Spawls 2013 Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Chirio & LeBreton 2007 Trape & Balde 2014 Trape & Mane 2006   Dasypeltis parascabra Guinean Egg Eater Trape & Balde 2014 Trape, Mediannikov & Trape 2012 Genus Dipsadoboa (Nocturnal Tree Snakes)   Dipsadoboa guineensis Guinean Nocturnal Tree Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 [as D. brevirostris] Hughes & Barry 1969 [as D. duchesni] Hughes 1983 [as D. duchesnei] Hughes 1988 [as D. duchesni] Rasmussen 1989 [as brevirostris] Trape & Balde 2014   Dipsadoboa underwoodi Cameroon Nocturnal Tree Snake Chirio & LeBreton 2007 Rasmussen 1993 Trape & Balde 2014   Dipsadoboa unicolor Unicoloured Nocturnal Tree Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014   Dipsadoboa viridis Green Nocturnal Tree Snake Chirio & LeBreton 2007 [as elongata] Rasmussen 1993 Trape & Balde 2014   Dipsadoboa weileri Grey Nocturnal Tree Snake Chirio & LeBreton 2007 Genus Dispholidus (Boomslangs)   Dispholidus sp. (Boomslang) David & Ineich 1999 [as D. typus] Hughes & Barry 1969 [as D. typus] Hughes 1983 [as D. typus] Hughes 1988 [as D. typus] Papenfuss 1969 [as D. typus] Spawls & Branch 1995 [as D. typus] Trape & Balde 2014 [as D. typus] Genus Grayia (Equatorial African Water Snakes)   Grayia smythii Equatorial Water Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Hapsidophrys (Emerald Snakes)   Hapsidophrys lineatus Black-lined Green Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014   Hapsidophrys smaragdinus Common Emerald Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Meizodon (African Smooth Snakes)   Meizodon coronatus West African Crowned Smooth Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Papenfuss 1969 Schatti 1985 Trape & Balde 2014   Meizodon regularis East African Crowned Smooth Snake Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Natriciteres (African Marsh Snakes)   Natriciteres fuliginoides Collared Marsh Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014   Natriciteres olivacea Olive Marsh Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Loveridge 1957 Trape & Balde 2014   Natriciteres variegata Variable Marsh Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Philothamnus (African Green Snakes)   Philothamnus brunneus Brown Bush Snake Trape, Hughes, Collet & Mediannikov 2021   Philothamnus carinatus Barred Green Snake Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014   Philothamnus heterodermus Emerald Green Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape & Balde 2014   Philothamnus heterolepidotus Slender Green Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014   Philothamnus irregularis Irregular Green Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Papenfuss 1969 Pitman 1974 Trape & Balde 2014   Philothamnus nitidus Cameroon Green Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014   Philothamnus semivariegatus Variegated Bush Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Papenfuss 1969   Philothamnus smithii Smith's Bush Snake Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Rhamnophis (Dagger-tooth Tree Snakes)   Rhamnophis aethiopissa Large-eyed Green Tree Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Scaphiophis (African Hook-nosed Snakes)   Scaphiophis albopunctatus Common African Hook-nosed Snake Broadley & Howell 1991 Broadley 1994 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Telescopus (Afro-Asian Cat Snakes)   Telescopus variegatus Variable Cat Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Papenfuss 1969 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Thelotornis (African Vine Snakes)   Thelotornis kirtlandii Northern Vine Snake Broadley 2001 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Hughes 1988 Leache & Boateng 2009 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Thrasops (Black Tree Snakes)   Thrasops occidentalis Western Black Tree Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Toxicodryas (African Tree Cat Snakes)   Toxicodryas blandingii Western Black-and-Yellow Tree Snake Greenbaum, Allen, Vaughan, Pauwels, Wallach, Kusamba, Muninga, Aristote, Mali, Badjedjea, Penner, Roedel, Rivera, Sterkhova, Johnson, Tapondjou Nkonmeneck & Brown 2021 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014   Toxicodryas pulverulenta Western Powdered Cat Snake Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Greenbaum, Allen, Vaughan, Pauwels, Wallach, Kusamba, Muninga, Aristote, Mali, Badjedjea, Penner, Roedel, Rivera, Sterkhova, Johnson, Tapondjou Nkonmeneck & Brown 2021 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014  Family Elapidae [part 1: terrestrial species] (Cobras, Mambas, etc.) Genus Dendroaspis (Mambas)   Dendroaspis jamesonii Central African Green Mamba David & Ineich 1999 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014   Dendroaspis viridis Western Green Mamba Chippaux & Jackson 2019 David & Ineich 1999 Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Elapsoidea (African Garter Snakes)   Elapsoidea semiannulata Half-banded Garter Snake Broadley 1971 Broadley 1998 Chippaux & Jackson 2019 David & Ineich 1999 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Papenfuss 1969 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Naja (Typical Cobras)   Naja guineensis Black Forest Cobra Wuster, Chirio, Trape, Ineich, Jackson, Greenbaum, Barron, Kusamba, Nagy, Storey, Hall, Wuster, Barlow & Broadley 2018   Naja katiensis Brown Spitting Cobra Broadley 1968 Chippaux & Jackson 2019 David & Ineich 1999 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Papenfuss 1969 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Naja melanoleuca Central African Forest Cobra Wuster, Chirio, Trape, Ineich, Jackson, Greenbaum, Barron, Kusamba, Nagy, Storey, Hall, Wuster, Barlow & Broadley 2018   Naja nigricollis Black-necked Spitting Cobra Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Papenfuss 1969 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Wuster, Crookes, Ineich, Mane, Pook, Trape & Broadley 2007   Naja savannula West African Banded Cobra Wuster, Chirio, Trape, Ineich, Jackson, Greenbaum, Barron, Kusamba, Nagy, Storey, Hall, Wuster, Barlow & Broadley 2018   Naja senegalensis Senegalese Cobra Hughes & Barry 1969 [as N. haje] Hughes 1983 [as N. haje] Hughes 1988 [as N. haje] Papenfuss 1969 [as N. haje] Spawls & Branch 1995 [as N. haje] Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Pseudohaje (Tree Cobras)   Pseudohaje goldii Central African Tree Cobra David & Ineich 1999 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014   Pseudohaje nigra Black Tree Cobra David & Ineich 1999 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014  Family Lamprophiidae (House Snakes, etc.) Genus Amblyodipsas (Purple-glossed Snakes and Quill-snouted Snakes)   Amblyodipsas unicolor Equatorial Purple-glossed Snake Broadley 1971 Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Aparallactus (African Centipede Eaters)   Aparallactus lineatus Lined Centipede Eater Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Doucet 1963 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Villiers 1975 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Aparallactus lunulatus Reticulated Centipede Eater Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Trape & Balde 2014 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Aparallactus modestus Western Forest Centipede Eater Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Atractaspis (Stiletto Snakes)   Atractaspis aterrima Western Forest Stiletto Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 David & Ineich 1999 Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atractaspis corpulenta Fat Stiletto Snake David & Ineich 1999 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atractaspis dahomeyensis Dahomey Stiletto Snake David & Ineich 1999 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Laurent 1950 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atractaspis irregularis Variable Stiletto Snake David & Ineich 1999 Golay, Smith, Broadley, Dixon, McCarthy, Rage, Schatti & Toriba 1993 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Laurent 1950 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atractaspis reticulata Reticulate Stiletto Snake David & Ineich 1999 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Spawls & Branch 1995 Genus Boaedon (Afro-Arabian House Snakes)   Boaedon fuliginosus Common African House Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Papenfuss 1969 Trape & Balde 2014   Boaedon lineatus Lined House Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape & Balde 2014   Boaedon olivaceus Olive House Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014   Boaedon virgatus West African House Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Bothrophthalmus (Red-and-Black Striped Snakes)   Bothrophthalmus lineatus Red-and-Black Striped Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Chamaelycus (African Banded Snakes)   Chamaelycus fasciatus Ituri Banded Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Dromophis (Olympic Snakes)   Dromophis lineatus Lined Olympic Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 2004 Trape & Balde 2014   Dromophis praeornatus Ornate Olympic Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Papenfuss 1969 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Gonionotophis (Lesser File Snakes)   Gonionotophis grantii Savanna Dwarf File Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Papenfuss 1969 Trape & Balde 2014   Gonionotophis klingi Western Forest Dwarf File Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Hormonotus (Yellow Forest Snake)   Hormonotus modestus Yellow Forest Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Villiers 1975 Genus Kladirostratus (Striped Beaked Snakes)   Kladirostratus togoensis Western Striped Beaked Snake Chirio & Ineich 1991 Chirio & LeBreton 2007 Hughes & Barry 1969 [as acutus] Keates, Conradie, Greenbaum & Edwards 2019 Pitman 1974 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Limaformosa (Venus File Snakes)   Limaformosa crossi Savanna File Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014   Limaformosa guirali White-speckled Forest File Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Lycophidion (African Wolf Snakes)   Lycophidion irroratum Western Forest Wolf Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Laurent 1968 Trape & Balde 2014   Lycophidion laterale Masked Wolf Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014   Lycophidion nigromaculatum Black-spotted Wolf Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Leache & Boateng 2009 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape & Balde 2014   Lycophidion semicinctum Semi-annulated Wolf Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Laurent 1968 Papenfuss 1969 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Malpolon (Montpellier Snakes)   Malpolon moilensis Moila Snake Gasperetti 1988 Genus Mehelya (Greater File Snakes)   Mehelya poensis Western Forest File Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014   Mehelya stenophthalmus Small-eyed File Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Polemon (African Snake Eaters)   Polemon acanthias Five-striped Snake Eater Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape & Balde 2014   Polemon barthii Guinea Snake Eater Doucet 1963 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Hughes 2003 Trape & Balde 2014 Villiers 1975   Polemon neuwiedi West African Snake Eater Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Doucet 1963 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Trape & Balde 2014 Trape & Mane 2006 Villiers 1975 Genus Prosymna (Shovel-snout Snakes)   Prosymna collaris Collared Shovel-snout Chirio & LeBreton 2007 Chirio, Ineich, Schmitz & Trape 2011   Prosymna greigerti Sudan Savanna Shovel-snout Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Chirio, Ineich, Schmitz & Trape 2011 Hughes 1983 [as P. meleagris] Papenfuss 1969 [as P. laurenti] Trape & Balde 2014   Prosymna meleagris Speckled Shovel-snout Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Chirio, Ineich, Schmitz & Trape 2011 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Largen & Rasmussen 1993 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Psammophis (Old World Sand Snakes and Grass Snakes)   Psammophis afroccidentalis West African Sand Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 [as P. sibilans] Hughes 1983 [as P. sibilans] Hughes 1988 [as P. sibilans] Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 [as rukwae] Papenfuss 1969 [as P. sibilans] Trape & Balde 2014 [as P. sibilans] Trape, Crochet, Broadley, Sourouille, Mane, Burger, Boehme, Saleh, Karan, Lanza & Mediannikov 2019   Psammophis elegans Elegant Sand Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Papenfuss 1969 Trape & Balde 2014   Psammophis phillipsii West African Olive Grass Snake Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Joger 1981 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape & Balde 2014 Trape & Mane 2006 Trape, Crochet, Broadley, Sourouille, Mane, Burger, Boehme, Saleh, Karan, Lanza & Mediannikov 2019   Psammophis sudanensis Sudan Sand Snake Chirio & LeBreton 2007 Trape & Balde 2014 Trape & Mane 2006 Trape, Crochet, Broadley, Sourouille, Mane, Burger, Boehme, Saleh, Karan, Lanza & Mediannikov 2019 Genus Rhamphiophis (Beaked Snakes)   Rhamphiophis oxyrhynchus Western Beaked Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Chirio & Ineich 1991 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1988 Loveridge 1957 Papenfuss 1969 Trape & Balde 2014  Family Leptotyphlopidae (Thread Snakes) Genus Myriopholis (Many-scaled Thread Snakes)   Myriopholis adleri Chadian Thread Snake Boundy 2014   Myriopholis macrorhyncha Large-snouted Thread Snake Adalsteinsson, Branch, Trape, Vitt & Hedges 2009 Hahn 1980 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Papenfuss 1969 Trape & Balde 2014 [as "cf. macrochynchus"]   Myriopholis narirostris Sahel Thread Snake Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Tricheilostoma (West African Forest Thread Snakes)   Tricheilostoma bicolor Bicoloured Thread Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Doucet 1963 Hahn & Wallach 1998 Hahn 1980 [as Leptotyphlops brevicaudus] Hughes & Barry 1969 [as brevicauda] Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Martins, Koch, Pinto, Folly, Fouquet & Passos 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 [as brevicaudus] Papenfuss 1969 [as brevicauda] Trape & Balde 2014 Villiers 1965   Tricheilostoma sundewalli Central African Thread Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hahn 1980 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Martins, Koch, Pinto, Folly, Fouquet & Passos 2019 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Trape & Balde 2014  Family Pythonidae (Pythons) Genus Python (Typical Pythons)   Python regius Ball Python Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Papenfuss 1969 Trape & Balde 2014   Python sebae Northern Rock Python Broadley 1984 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014  Family Typhlopidae (Typical Blind Snakes) Genus Afrotyphlops (African Giant Blind Snakes)   Afrotyphlops liberiensis Liberian Blind Snake Doucet 1963 [as Typhlops hallowelli] Hahn 1980 Trape & Balde 2014 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Afrotyphlops lineolatus Lineolate Blind Snake Hahn 1980 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Trape & Balde 2014 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Afrotyphlops punctatus Spotted Blind Snake Hahn 1980 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Trape & Balde 2014 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014 Genus Letheobia (African Gracile Blind Snakes)   Letheobia caeca Congolese Gracile Blind Snake Hahn 1980 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Genus Typhlops (Afro-Caribbean Blind Snakes)   Typhlops coecatus Ghanese Blind Snake Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Doucet 1963 Hahn 1980 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1988 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Trape & Balde 2014  Family Viperidae (Vipers) Genus Atheris (African Bush Vipers)   Atheris chlorechis West African Green Bush Viper Chippaux & Jackson 2019 David & Ineich 1999 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Leache & Boateng 2009 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014 Wallach, Williams & Boundy 2014   Atheris squamigera Southern Green Bush Viper Broadley 1998 David & Ineich 1999 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Bitis (African Adders)   Bitis arietans Common Puff Adder Chippaux & Jackson 2019 David & Ineich 1999 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Papenfuss 1969 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014   Bitis nasicornis African Nose-horned Viper Chippaux & Jackson 2019 David & Ineich 1999 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014   Bitis rhinoceros Rhinoceros Viper Chippaux & Jackson 2019 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Causus (Night Adders)   Causus lichtensteinii Forest Night Adder Chippaux & Jackson 2019 David & Ineich 1999 Hughes & Barry 1969 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014   Causus maculatus West African Night Adder Chippaux & Jackson 2019 David & Ineich 1999 Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Hughes 1983 Hughes 1988 Leache, Roedel, Linkem, Diaz, Hillers & Fujita 2006 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014 Genus Echis (Carpet Vipers)   Echis ocellatus West African Carpet Viper Chippaux & Jackson 2019 David & Ineich 1999 Hughes 1976 Hughes 1988 McDiarmid, Campbell & Toure 1999 Spawls & Branch 1995 Trape & Balde 2014

	Turtles (Testudines)
	= endemicEX = extinct or assumed extinct Species References  Family Cheloniidae (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles) Genus Caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle)   Caretta caretta Loggerhead Sea Turtle Brongersma in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Hughes 1988 King & Burke 1989 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Genus Chelonia (Green Sea Turtle)   Chelonia mydas Green Sea Turtle Brongersma in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Hughes 1988 King & Burke 1989 Mettler, Clyde-Brockway, Honarvar & Paladino 2019 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Genus Eretmochelys (Hawksbill Sea Turtle)   Eretmochelys imbricata Hawksbill Sea Turtle Brongersma in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Hughes 1988 King & Burke 1989 Pritchard 1979 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Genus Lepidochelys (Ridley Sea Turtles)   Lepidochelys olivacea Olive Ridley Sea Turtle Brongersma in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Hughes 1988 King & Burke 1989 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012  Family Dermochelyidae (Leatherback Sea Turtle) Genus Dermochelys (Leatherback Sea Turtle)   Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback Sea Turtle Brongersma in Bjorndal (ed.) 1982 Hughes 1988 King & Burke 1989 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012  Family Pelomedusidae (African Side-necked Turtles) Genus Pelomedusa (African Helmeted Turtles)   Pelomedusa olivacea Sahelian Helmeted Turtle Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Pelomedusa variabilis West African Helmeted Turtle Boycott & Bourquin 2008 [as subrufa] Fritz & Havas 2006 [as subrufa] Iverson 1992 [as subrufa] Petzold, Vargas-Ramirez, Kehlmaier, Vamberger, Branch, Preez, Hofmeyr, Meyer, Schleicher, Siroky & Fritz 2014 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Genus Pelusios (African Mud Turtles)   Pelusios castaneus Chestnut Mud Turtle Bour, Luiselli, Petrozzi, Segniabeto & Chirio 2016 Chirio & LeBreton 2007 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Pelusios cupulatta Ivorian Mud Turtle Bour & Maran 2003 McCord, Joseph-Ouni & Bour 2004 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012  Family Testudinidae (Tortoises) Genus Kinixys (Hinge-back Tortoises)   Kinixys erosa Forest Hinge-back Tortoise Ernst, Agyei & Roedel 2005 Hughes 1988 Kindler, Branch, Hofmeyr, Maran, Siroky, Vences, Harvey, Hauswaldt, Schleicher, Stuckas & Fritz 2012 King & Burke 1989 Luiselli & Diagne 2014 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Kinixys homeana West African Hinge-back Tortoise Hughes 1988 Kindler, Branch, Hofmeyr, Maran, Siroky, Vences, Harvey, Hauswaldt, Schleicher, Stuckas & Fritz 2012 King & Burke 1989 Luiselli & Diagne 2013 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Kinixys nogueyi Western Savanna Hinge-back Tortoise Chirio & LeBreton 2007 Hughes 1988 [as belliana] Kindler, Branch, Hofmeyr, Maran, Siroky, Vences, Harvey, Hauswaldt, Schleicher, Stuckas & Fritz 2012 King & Burke 1989 [as belliana] Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 [as belliana]  Family Trionychidae (Softshell Turtles) Genus Cyclanorbis (SubSaharan Flapshell Turtles)   Cyclanorbis elegans Nubian Flapshell Turtle Baker, Diagne & Luiselli 2015 Fritz & Havas 2006 Hughes 1988 Iverson 1992 King & Burke 1989 McCord & Joseph-Ouni 2003 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012   Cyclanorbis senegalensis Senegal Flapshell Turtle Hughes 1988 King & Burke 1989 McCord & Joseph-Ouni 2003 McGovern, Diagne, Diagne, Luiselli & Meylan 2021 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012 Genus Trionyx (African Softshell Turtle)   Trionyx triunguis African Softshell Turtle Bonin, Devaux & Dupre 2006 Hughes 1988 King & Burke 1989 Rhodin, Iverson, Bour, Fritz, Georges, Shaffer & Dijk 2021 Trape, Trape & Chirio 2012